title: The impact of job and family demands on partner's fatigue: A study of Japanese dual-earner parents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study of Japanese dual-earner couples examined the impact of family and job demands on one's own and one's partner's fatigue as well as gender differences in these effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,502 parents (1,251 couples) were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. A crossover model was tested using structural equation modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of structural equation modeling analyses showed that both job and family demands independently exacerbated fatigue. There was an indirect effect of job and family demands on partner fatigue through one's own fatigue only from husbands to wives. An indirect effect of job demands on partner fatigue through partner's family demands was identified only from wives to husbands. Furthermore, there were gender differences in the crossover of fatigue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that job and family demands influence family circumstances. When considering means to reduce employees' fatigue, gender differences in the mechanism of fatigue need to be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2850-3019
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Positive Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Management, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa.
authors.forename: Arnold B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Management, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa.|Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Demerouti
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sociology, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Norito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawakami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004644:Emotions; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires