title: Pharmacogenomics of autism spectrum disorder.
abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interactions as well as restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests. Pharmacologic interventions are often needed to manage irritability, aggressive behaviors and hyperactivity. Pharmacogenomic studies have investigated genetic associations with treatment response and side effects in an attempt to better understand drug mechanisms in hopes of optimizing the balance of symptom improvement versus side effects. The majority of pharmacogenomic studies to date have focused on antipsychotics, antidepressants and stimulants that are the most commonly utilized medication classes for ASD. This review is a comprehensive examination of the existing pharmacogenomic studies in ASD highlighting the current state of knowledge regarding genetic variation influencing pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and associated clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Jacob T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Seenae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eum
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Edwin H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D018967:Risperidone
keywords: autism spectrum disorder; escitalopram; fluvoxamine; methylphenidate; pharmacogenetics; pharmacogenomics; risperidone