title: Structural features of the spermatozoon of a passeridan bird, the Carib grackle, Quiscalus lugubris.
abstract: The spermatozoon of the Carib grackle, Quiscalus lugubris, a member of the family Icteridae, is generally similar in organization to the passerine-type of spermatozoon, in being highly elongated and displaying a helical structure of the acrosome, nucleus and principal piece of the tail. There are subtle variations in acrosomal structural features between this organelle in the grackle and that in some of the very few passerine species of birds in which the spermatozoon has been studied. The proximal centriole is present, and, thus, the Carib grackle is the third passeridan bird in which this organelle, hitherto regarded as absent in passerine birds, has been described in the spermatozoon. The spermatozoon of this bird also possesses a granular helix, which feature has been found variably even in the scanty available reports on passerine spermatozoa. It is advocated that the spermatozoon be studied in many more species of this large clade of birds. This report provides a basis for the study of spermiogenesis in the Carib grackle, with the aim of exposing, inter alia, a number of developmental features and processes of certain organelles that have received attention, recently, in the spermatozoa of passerine birds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada. Electronic address: taire@sgu.edu.
authors.forename: Tom A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Aire
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
authors.forename: Lizette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: du Plessis
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada.
authors.forename: Mahesh S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Deokar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rennie
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada.
authors.forename: Sunil K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D000818:Animals; D002502:Centrioles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D046109:Passeriformes / Q000254:growth & development; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000648:ultrastructure*
keywords: Avian; Carib grackle; Morphology; Passerine bird; Quiscalus lugubris; Spermatozoon