title: GeO2Thin Film Deposition on Graphene Oxide by the Hydrogen Peroxide Route: Evaluation for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode.
abstract: A peroxogermanate thin film was deposited in high yield at room temperature on graphene oxide (GO) from peroxogermanate sols. The deposition of the peroxo-precursor onto GO and the transformations to amorphous GeO2, crystalline tetragonal GeO2, and then to cubic elemental germanium were followed by electron microscopy, XRD, and XPS. All of these transformations are influenced by the GO support. The initial deposition is explained in view of the sol composition and the presence of GO, and the different thermal transformations are explained by reactions with the graphene support acting as a reducing agent. As a test case, the evaluation of the different materials as lithium ion battery anodes was carried out revealing that the best performance is obtained by amorphous germanium oxide@GO with >1000 mAh g-1at 250 mA g-1(between 0 and 2.5 V vs Li/Li+cathode), despite the fact that the material contained only 51 wt % germanium. This is the first demonstration of the peroxide route to produce peroxogermanate thin films and thereby supported germanium and germanium oxide coatings. The advantages of the process over alternative methodologies are discussed.
authors.affiliation: The Casali Center and the Institute of Chemistry and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.|Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskii prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander G
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-004X
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Medvedev
authors.affiliation: The Casali Center and the Institute of Chemistry and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.|Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskii prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexey A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1771-6465
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mikhaylov
authors.affiliation: Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskii prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2600-1194
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Grishanov
authors.affiliation: TUM CREATE Centre for Electromobility , 1 CREATE Way, 10/F Create Tower, 138602 Singapore.|School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR.
authors.forename: Denis Y W
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5883-7087
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: The Casali Center and the Institute of Chemistry and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-7606
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gun
authors.affiliation: The Casali Center and the Institute of Chemistry and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-0078
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sladkevich
authors.affiliation: The Casali Center and the Institute of Chemistry and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
authors.forename: Ovadia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-2277
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lev
authors.affiliation: Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskii prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Petr V
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9912-6951
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Prikhodchenko
keywords: germanium; germanium oxide; hydrogen peroxide; lithium ion battery; peroxogermanate; reduced graphene oxide