title: A genetic study of the regeneration capacity of embryonic callus from the maize immature embryo culture.
abstract: We carried out a study of regeneration capacities of embryonic callus from maize immature embryo culture with 144 different inbred lines of natural groups from different countries, and found that the regeneration capacity was affected by three factors: environment, genotype and the interaction between the environment and genotype. We found that green embryonic callus rate (GCR), embryonic callus differentiating rate (CDR) and the plantlet number of embryonic callus regeneration (CPN) have significant positive correlations with each other, and they all have significant negative correlations with embryonic callus browning rate (CBR). Moreover, embryonic callus cloning index for the first subculture (CCI1) and embryonic callus cloning index for the second subculture (CCI2) have a significant positive correlation with each other, and CCI2 is positively correlated with green GCR, and is negatively correlated with CBR. Embryonic callus rooting rate (CRR) is positively correlated with GCR, CDR and CPN to some degree. Furthermore, we calculated Broad-Sense Heritability of each trait, and uncovered that the heritability index of CCI1, CCI2 and CRR was lower, and the heritability index of others was higher. In addition, by using the Ward method for two-way cluster analysis, we found eleven inbred lines with high regenerating abilities, and the rooting situation of regenerating plantlet was excellent by rooting culture, which could be used as the elite inbred lines of the maize transgenic receptor.
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Yan-li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Yaou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
authors.forename: Guang-tang
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development*; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D003313:Zea mays / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology