title: An Undiagnosed Case of Hypothalamic Hamartoma with a Rare Presentation.
abstract: Background. Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are rare tumor-like malformations that may present with complex partial seizures refractory to anticonvulsants in adulthood. The condition may be misdiagnosed because of rarity.Case Presentation. We report a 25-year-old man with complaint of seizures presented by falling, tonic spasm of limbs, oral automatism, vocalization, and hypermotor activities. His seizures started at the age of one month and presented as eye deviation and upper limbs myoclonic jerk, followed by frequent seizures with variable frequency. The patient had delayed developmental milestones and was mentally retarded. He was hospitalized and underwent video-EEG monitoring and neuroimaging, and the diagnosis of HH was made. The patient became candidate for surgery after that.Conclusion. In this case, the underlying etiology of seizures was diagnosed after 25 years. HH is a rare condition and neurologists may encounter very small number of these cases during their practice. Therefore, they should consider it in patients who present with suspected signs and symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Shervin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9140-3061
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badihian
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabrizi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Kashani Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Kashani Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Houshang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moein
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Kashani Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Kashani Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zare
authors.affiliation: Kashani Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Kashani Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Psychosomatic Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barekatain
authors.affiliation: Kashani Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Kashani Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Basiratnia
authors.affiliation: Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rahimian
authors.affiliation: Students' Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Amirali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehvari Habibabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moein
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Kashani Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Kashani Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Jafar
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3209-7479
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mehvari Habibabadi