title: The Effect of Oral Intake of Low-Temperature-Processed Whey Protein Concentrate on Colitis and Gene Expression Profiles in Mice.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology and can lead to inflammation and cancer. Whey proteins contain many bioactive peptides with potential health benefits against IBD. We investigated the effect of low-temperature-processed whey protein concentrate (LWPC) on the suppression of IBD by using a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model in BALB/c mice. Oral intake of LWPC resulted in improved recovery of body weight in mice. Histological analysis showed that the epithelium cells of LWPC-treated mice were healthier and that lymphocyte infiltration was reduced. The increase in mucin due to the LWPC also reflected reduced inflammation in the colon. Transcriptome analysis of the colon by DNA microarrays revealed marked downregulation of genes related to immune responses in LWPC-fed mice. In particular, the expression of interferon gamma receptor 2 (Ifngr2) and guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) was increased by DSS treatment and decreased in LWPC-fed mice. These findings suggest that LWPCs suppress DSS-induced inflammation in the colon by suppressing the signaling of these cytokines. Our findings suggest that LWPCs would be an effective food resource for suppressing IBD symptoms.
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. sharmilaeas@gmail.com.|Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. sharmilaeas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sharmila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jayatilake
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. s17046@st.obihiro.ac.jp.|Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. s17046@st.obihiro.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Katsuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. gekogeko773@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Nanami
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. y-ishida@gh-assoc.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. tanaka-ichiro@outlook.jp.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Asama Chemical Co. LTD., Nihonbashi-kodenma-cho 20-3, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0001, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwatsuki
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. taku@obihiro.ac.jp.|Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. taku@obihiro.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohwada
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. mohnishi@fujijoshi.ac.jp.|Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. mohnishi@fujijoshi.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. tokuji@obihiro.ac.jp.|Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. tokuji@obihiro.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokuji
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. kinosita@obihiro.ac.jp.|Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho W2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan. kinosita@obihiro.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
keywords: DNA microarray; anti-inflammation; colitis; immunomodulation; whey protein