title: APOE and CETP TaqIB polymorphisms influence metabolic responses to Hibiscus sabdariffa L. and Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino tea consumption in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) and Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino (GP) have been used as traditional medicines to treat diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. Nevertheless, there is interindividual variation in the metabolic responses to HS and GP consumption. This may be due to genetic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HS and GP tea consumption on anthropometric data, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and lipid concentrations in hypercholesterolemia subjects with different genotypes of the APOE and CETP TaqIB polymorphisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight subjects with hypercholesterolemia were given either HS or GP tea for 30 days. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined, and APOE and CETP TaqIB polymorphisms were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  E4 (p=0.008) and homozygous B1B1 (p=0.010) carriers had significantly decreased HDL-C concentrations after HS consumption; in addition, B2 carriers who consumed HS showed significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) concentrations (p=0.039). Regarding GP consumption, non-E4 carriers had significantly decreased HDL-C (p=0.009) and FBG (p=0.042) concentrations. Furthermore, B2 carriers had significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC) (p=0.045), HDL-C (p=0.004), and FBG (p=0.026) concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HS consumption may have beneficial effects with respect to TG concentrations in the B2 carriers, but it may adversely affect HDL-C concentrations in homozygous B1B1 and E4 carriers. In contrast, GP consumption may have favorable effects on TC and FBG concentrations but not on HDL-C concentrations for B2 and/or non-E4 carriers.
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Email: nutjaree.je@wu.ac.th.
authors.forename: Nutjaree
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jeenduang
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Boonnisa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sangkaew
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pacharee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chantaracha
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sirada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chanchareonsri
authors.affiliation: Center for Scientific and Technological Equipments, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Thunyaluk
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Plyduang
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Wanida
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thitdee
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Cathaleeya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Samae
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
authors.forename: Wacharaporn
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pitumanon
mesh_terms: D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001628:Beverages; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D029774:Gynostemma / Q000737:chemistry*; D031584:Hibiscus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013785:Thailand; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C000612345:ApoE protein, human; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D001786:Blood Glucose; C506642:CETP protein, human; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol