title: Special nutrition intervention is required for muscle protective efficacy of physical exercise in elderly people at highest risk of sarcopenia.
abstract: Progressive loss of muscle mass and strength is a physiological consequence of aging, and without interventions, it usually deteriorates into sarcopenia. In this study, the hypothesis that combined special nutritional-physiotherapeutical intervention to prevent or reverse this biological deterioration in elderly people was tested. The effects of the regular resistance muscle training (PT, n = 17) alone and the combined exercise + special nutrition therapy containing whey protein and vitamin D (PT + NT, n = 17) were monitored for 3 months in 34 elderly patients (12 men and 22 women; mean age: 66.47 years) randomly distributed into two groups at a long-term care facility. Physical exercise alone did not result in significant improvement in skeletal muscle mass or strength, whereas combined intervention significantly increased the muscle strength (22.51 ± 2.35 vs. 24.54 ± 2.65, [Formula: see text] ± SEM, kg, p = 0.027). When therapeutic responses to the intervention were compared, a significant advantage of PT + NT over PT was found. The same trend was found when the non-significant post-therapeutic alterations (χ2test) of the distribution of normal vs. pre-sarcopenic + sarcopenic conditions within the two groups were compared. Combined intervention (PT + NT) is necessary for the efficient protection of the musculature in the high-risk elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Ph.D. Studies, Doctoral School of Pathological Sciences, Health Science Research, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molnár
authors.affiliation: 2 Old Age Home of the Municipality of Budapest , Hungary.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jónásné Sztruhár
authors.affiliation: 3 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Á A
authors.initials: ÁA
authors.lastname: Csontos
authors.affiliation: 4 Geronto-Psychiatric Rehabilitation Department, Szent Imre University Teaching Hospital , Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Cs
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferencz
authors.affiliation: 5 2nd Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Sz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Várbíró
authors.affiliation: 6 2nd Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Székács
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000067816:Whey Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: muscle mass; muscle strength; nutrition intervention; nutrition therapy; physiotherapy; sarcopenia