title: Canine pancytopoenia in a Mediterranean region: a retrospective study of 119 cases (2005 to 2013).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To further clarify the causes of pancytopoenia and to investigate whether underlying cause or severity were associated with survival in an area endemic for vector-borne pathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of medical records of 119 dogs with and 238 dogs without pancytopoenia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mixed-breed dogs and dogs younger than one year had higher odds of being pancytopoenic. The most common diagnoses included monocytic ehrlichiosis (n=42), leishmaniasis (n=28) and parvoviral enteritis (n=19). The mean white blood cell counts were lower in dogs with ehrlichiosis and parvoviral enteritis compared to dogs with leishmaniasis, while platelet counts were lower in ehrlichiosis compared to leishmaniasis or parvoviral enteritis. Total protein concentrations were lower in dogs with parvoviral enteritis compared to ehrlichiosis and leishmaniasis. Higher haematocrit, platelet and white cell counts were associated with better odds of survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infectious diseases appear to be the leading causes of canine pancytopoenia in endemic areas; severe leukopoenia (ehrlichiosis, parvoviral enteritis), thrombocytopoenia (ehrlichiosis) and hypoproteinaemia (parvoviral enteritis), represented potentially useful disease-specific diagnostic determinants. The severity of pancytopoenia significantly affects the clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Companion Animal Clinic (CAC-AUTh), School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54627, Greece.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Frezoulis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Animal Health Economics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, 43100, Greece.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Angelidou
authors.affiliation: Companion Animal Clinic (CAC-AUTh), School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54627, Greece.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karnezi
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54627, Greece.
authors.forename: I L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Oikonomidis
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54627, Greece.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kritsepi-Konstantinou
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, 43100, Greece.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kasabalis
authors.affiliation: Companion Animal Clinic (CAC-AUTh), School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54627, Greece.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mylonakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004285:Dogs; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004751:Enteritis; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D010198:Pancytopenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies