title: Tuberculosis associated factors caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the RDRio genotype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a disease that affects many countries around the world, including Brazil. Recently, a subtype of Latin American-Mediterranean family strain was identified and characterised by RDRio. The strain has been associated with different characteristics of the disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the present study we investigated the association of epidemiological, clinical, radiological and bacteriological variables with pulmonary tuberculosis caused by RDRioMycobacterium tuberculosis strain in large regions of São Paulo.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study in 530 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, diagnosed using sputum culture, from two regions of the São Paulo state in Brazil. The samples were brought to São Paulo reference laboratories for epidemiological, clinical, radiological and bacteriological analyses, and the data were obtained from a TB notification system. RDRio genotyping and Spoligotyping of the samples were performed. For the analysis of the categorical variables we used the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test, and for the continuous variables, the Mann-Whitney test. In addition, a logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Differences with p < 0.05 were considered significant.
  deletion was identified in 152 (28.7%) samples. In the univariate analysis, both the age groups above 25 years and alcohol consumption were associated with the RDRio deletion. The multivariate analysis confirmed the association of the RDRio deletion with the age groups: 25-35 years old [OR: 2.28 (1.02-5.07; p = 0.04)] and 36-60 years old (OR: 2.36 (1.11-5.05); p = 0.03], and also with alcohol consumption [OR: 1.63 (1.05-2.54); p = 0,03].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we identified new factors associated with the M. tuberculosis of the RDRio deletion strains infection.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Divisão de Pesquisa e Ensino, Equipe Técnica de Microbiologia, Bauru, SP, Brasil.|Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Eloise Brasil
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Divisão de Pesquisa e Ensino, Equipe Técnica de Microbiologia, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Letícia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Slompo
authors.affiliation: Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Divisão de Pesquisa e Ensino, Equipe Técnica de Microbiologia, Bauru, SP, Brasil.|Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Amanda Juliane
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Finardi
authors.affiliation: Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Centro de Laboratório Regional de São José do Rio Preto, Núcleo de Ciências Biomédicas, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Heloisa Paro Pedro da
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Centro de Laboratório Regional de Bauru, Núcleo de Ciências Biomédicas, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular aplicada a Micobactérias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Harrison Magdinier
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Centro de Laboratório Regional de Bauru, Núcleo de Ciências Biomédicas, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Virginia Bodelão
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Richini
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular aplicada a Micobactérias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suffys
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carlos Magno Castelo Branco
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Fortaleza
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.affiliation: Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Divisão de Pesquisa e Ensino, Equipe Técnica de Microbiologia, Bauru, SP, Brasil.|Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ida Maria Foschiani Dias
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Baptista
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000235:genetics*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*