title: Loss of pollen-specific phospholipase NOT LIKE DAD triggers gynogenesis in maize.
abstract: Gynogenesis is an asexual mode of reproduction common to animals and plants, in which stimuli from the sperm cell trigger the development of the unfertilized egg cell into a haploid embryo. Fine mapping restricted a major maize QTL (quantitative trait locus) responsible for the aptitude of inducer lines to trigger gynogenesis to a zone containing a single geneNOT LIKE DAD(NLD) coding for a patatin-like phospholipase A. In all surveyed inducer lines,NLDcarries a 4-bp insertion leading to a predicted truncated protein. This frameshift mutation is responsible for haploid induction because complementation with wild-typeNLDabolishes the haploid induction capacity. Activity of theNLDpromoter is restricted to mature pollen and pollen tube. The translational NLD::citrine fusion protein likely localizes to the sperm cell plasma membrane. InArabidopsisroots, the truncated protein is no longer localized to the plasma membrane, contrary to the wild-type NLD protein. In conclusion, an intact pollen-specific phospholipase is required for successful sexual reproduction and its targeted disruption may allow establishing powerful haploid breeding tools in numerous crops.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.|Limagrain Europe SAS, Research Centre, Chappes, France.
authors.forename: Laurine M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gilles
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.|Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abdelsabour
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khaled
authors.affiliation: Limagrain Europe SAS, Research Centre, Chappes, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Laffaire
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaignon
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Ghislaine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gendrot
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laplaige
authors.affiliation: INRA, US1258 Centre National des Ressources Génomiques Végétales, Auzeville, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bergès
authors.affiliation: INRA, US1258 Centre National des Ressources Génomiques Végétales, Auzeville, France.
authors.forename: Genséric
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beydon
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bayle
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1095 Génétique, Diversité, Ecophysiologie des Céréales, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barret
authors.affiliation: Limagrain Europe SAS, Research Centre, Chappes, France.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Comadran
authors.affiliation: Limagrain Europe SAS, Research Centre, Chappes, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Martinant
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Rogowsky
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS, INRA, Lyon, France thomas.widiez@ens-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6002-2306
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Widiez
mesh_terms: D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D056771:Ovule / Q000254:growth & development*; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011058:Pollen / Q000201:enzymology*; D012098:Reproduction; D003313:Zea mays / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D010740:Phospholipases
keywords: 
  Zea mays
  ; embryo; fertilization; gynogenesis; haploid; phospholipase