title: Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescent of Qazvin, Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MetSyn and insulin resistance (IR) in children and adolescents in Qazvin, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in 338 children and adolescents aged 10-18 years old who were selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method. We performed standardised measurements of variables including waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, plasma glucose level, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides, and insulin. MetSyn was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. IR was estimated by the homeostatic model assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 338 total subjects, 172 were female. The overall prevalence of MetSyn and IR were 3.4% and 18.2%, respectively. There was no sex difference for the prevalence of MetSyn. A total of 185 subjects (56.4%) had one or two components of MetSyn. The most common component was low HDL levels in both sexes, which was followed by high WC in females and high fasting plasma glucose levels in males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of a standard definition of MetSyn in children and adolescents combined with the geographical and socioeconomic differences make it difficult to compare the results from different studies. Modification of lifestyle habits is an important strategy in preventing MetSyn and IR.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Booali-Sina Hospital, Booali-Sina Street, Qazvin, Postal Code: 3413786165, Iran.
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalilolghadr
authors.affiliation: Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Blvd, Qazvin, Postal Code: 3415914595, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Javadi
authors.affiliation: Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Blvd, Qazvin, Postal Code: 3415914595, Iran.
authors.forename: Manoochehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahram
authors.affiliation: Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Blvd, Qazvin, Postal Code: 3415914595, Iran.
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farshidgohar
authors.affiliation: Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Blvd, Qazvin, Postal Code: 3415914595, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Javadi
keywords: Metabolic Syndrome X; adolescent; body mass index; insulin resistance