title: Confined Amorphous Red Phosphorus in MOF-Derived N-Doped Microporous Carbon as a Superior Anode for Sodium-Ion Battery.
abstract: Red phosphorus (P) has attracted intense attention as promising anode material for high-energy density sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), owing to its high sodium storage theoretical capacity (2595 mAh g-1). Nevertheless, natural insulating property and large volume variation of red P during cycling result in extremely low electrochemical activity, leading to poor electrochemical performance. Herein, the authors demonstrate a rational strategy to improve sodium storage performance of red P by confining nanosized amorphous red P into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) -derived nitrogen-doped microporous carbon matrix (denoted as P@N-MPC). When used as anode for NIBs, the P@N-MPC composite displays a high reversible specific capacity of ≈600 mAh g-1at 0.15 A g-1and improved rate capacity (≈450 mAh g-1at 1 A g-1after 1000 cycles with an extremely low capacity fading rate of 0.02% per cycle). The superior sodium storage performance of the P@N-MPC is mainly attributed to the novel structure. The N-doped porous carbon with sub-1 nm micropore facilitates the rapid diffusion of organic electrolyte ions and improves the conductivity of the encapsulated red P. Furthermore, the porous carbon matrix can buffer the volume change of red P during repeat sodiation/desodiation process, keeping the structure intact after long cycle life.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weihan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuhe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiangyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhongling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xizhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Minsi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fanfan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
keywords: N-doping; ZIF-8; microporous carbon; red phosphorus; sodium-ion batteries