title: Mouse Testicular Cell Type-Specific Antiviral Response against Mumps Virus Replication.
abstract: Mumps virus (MuV) infection has high tropism to the testis and usually leads to orchitis, an etiological factor in male infertility. However, MuV replication in testicular cells and the cellular antiviral responses against MuV are not fully understood. The present study showed that MuV infected the majority of testicular cells, including Leydig cells (LC), testicular macrophages, Sertoli cells (SC), and male germ cells (GC). MuV was replicated at relatively high efficiencies in SC compared with LC and testicular macrophages. In contrast, MuV did not replicate in male GC. Notably, testicular cells exhibited different innate antiviral responses against MuV replication. We showed that interferon β (IFN-β) inhibited MuV replication in LC, macrophages, and SC, which were associated with the upregulation of major antiviral proteins. We provided primary evidence that autophagy plays a role in blocking MuV replication in male GC. Autophagy was also involved in limiting MuV replication in testicular macrophages but not in Leydig and SC. These findings indicate the involvement of the innate defense against MuV replication in testicular cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Maolei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Chengyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Kunming , China.
authors.forename: Qihan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yongmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Daishu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
keywords: autophagy; innate antiviral response; mumps virus; testicular cell; viral replication