title: Nucleic acid sensing pattern recognition receptors in the development of colorectal cancer and colitis.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths that is often associated with inflammation initiated by activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Nucleic acid sensing PRRs are one of the major subsets of PRRs that sense nucleic acid (DNA and RNA), mainly including some members of Toll-like receptors (TLR3, 7, 8, 9), AIM2-like receptors (AIM2, IFI16), STING, cGAS, RNA polymerase III, and DExD/H box nucleic acid helicases (such as RIG-I like receptors (RIG-I, MDA5, LPG2), DDX1, 3, 5, 7, 17, 21, 41, 60, and DHX9, 36). Activation of these receptors eventually leads to the release of cytokines and activation of immune cells, which are well known to play crucial roles in host defense against intracellular bacterial and virus infection. However, the functions of these nucleic acid sensing PRRs in the other diseases such as CRC and colitis remain largely unknown. Recent studies indicated that nucleic acid sensing PRRs contribute to CRC and/or colitis development, and therapeutic modulation of nucleic acid sensing PRRs may reduce the risk of CRC development. However, until now, a comprehensive review on the role of nucleic acid sensing PRRs in CRC and colitis is still lacking. This review provided an overview of the roles as well as the mechanisms of these nucleic acid sensing PRRs (AIM2, STING, cGAS, RIG-I and its downstream molecules, DDX3, 5, 6,17, and DHX9, 36) in CRC and colitis, which may aid the diagnosis, therapy, and prognostic prediction of CRC and colitis.
authors.affiliation: Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
authors.forename: Liangmei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
authors.forename: Yayun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
authors.forename: Yuanbing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China. Zhangzixiang2001@163.com.
authors.forename: Zixiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China. Zhiping.Liu@gmu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0378-714X
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D009696:Nucleic Acids; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition
keywords: Cell proliferation; Colitis; Colorectal cancer; Nucleic acid sensing pattern recognition receptors; Type I interferon