title: An invertebrate STING from shrimp activates an innate immune defense against bacterial infection.
abstract: It has been proposed that invertebrate stimulators of interferon genes (STINGs) do not take part in the innate immune response to infection. Herein, we identified a new STING homolog from pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (LvSTING). Some amino acids crucial for recognizing cyclic dinucleotides in mammals are highly conserved in LvSTING. Moreover, LvSTING expression can be robustly induced by challenge with the Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Silencing of LvSTING contributes to decreased expression of the antimicrobial peptide PEN4 and renders shrimp more susceptible to V. parahaemolyticus infection, while coinjection with the recombinant LvSTING protein can rescue PEN4 expression in vivo and confer shrimp with more resistance to infection. Taken together, these results suggest that LvSTING is involved in the innate immune response to bacterial infection.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Haoyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lǚ
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Research Institute of Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: Sedong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chaozheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D034622:RNA Interference; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: bacterial infection; innate immune; invertebrate STING