title: The first case report of emphysematous pyelonephritis and bacteremia due to Oligella urethralis.
abstract: Oligella urethralis (O. urethralis) is an organism that rarely causes infections in humans. We report the case of a 90-year-old bedridden woman with progressive dementia who was placed in a long-term-care facility. She was admitted to our hospital due to fever and unconsciousness with pyuria. The abdominal computed tomography showed left pneumatosis and urinary stone. Fluoroquinolones-resistant O. urethralis, which was identified by the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, was isolated form the blood and urine cultures at admission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by O. urethralis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Kenwakai Otemachi Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan. Electronic address: h.yamaguchi0421@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Kenwakai Otemachi Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan; KRICT (Kitakyushu Regional Infection Control Team), Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Kenwakai Otemachi Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hadano
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Kenwakai Otemachi Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Kenwakai Otemachi Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagahara
authors.affiliation: Kyurin Medical Laboratory, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muratani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyofumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohkusu
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D042401:Alcaligenaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D011860:Radiography, Abdominal; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: 16S rRNA gene sequencing; Emphysematous pyelonephritis; Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS); Oligella urethralis (O. urethralis); Rare causative organism; Rare species