title: Canine articular cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells seeded on platelet rich fibrin: Macroscopic and histological assessments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into various cell types, and thus have emerged as promising alternatives to chondrocytes in cell-based cartilage repair methods. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with platelet rich fibrin on osteochondral defect repair and articular cartilage regeneration in a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Osteochondral defects were created on the medial femoral condyles of 12 adult male mixed breed dogs. They were either treated with stem cells seeded on platelet rich fibrin or left empty. Macroscopic and histological evaluation of the repair tissue was conducted after four, 16 and 24 weeks using the International Cartilage Repair Society macroscopic and the O'Driscoll histological grading systems. Results were reported as mean and standard deviation (sd) and compared at different time points between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney U test, with a value < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher cumulative macroscopic and histological scores were observed in stem cell treated defects throughout the study period with significant differences noted at four and 24 weeks (9.25, sd 0.5vs7.25, sd 0.95, and 10, sd 0.81vs7.5, sd 0.57; p < 0.05) and 16 weeks (16.5, sd 4.04vs11, sd 1.15; p < 0.05), respectively. Superior gross and histological characteristics were also observed in stem cell treated defects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of autologous culture expanded bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells on platelet rich fibrin is a novel method for articular cartilage regeneration. It is postulated that platelet rich fibrin creates a suitable environment for proliferation and differentiation of stem cells by releasing endogenous growth factors resulting in creation of a hyaline-like reparative tissue.Cite this article:D. Kazemi, K. Shams Asenjan, N. Dehdilani, H. Parsa. Canine articular cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells seeded on platelet rich fibrin: Macroscopic and histological assessments.Bone Joint Res2017;6:98-107. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.62.BJR-2016-0188.R1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran dkazemi@iaut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.affiliation: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Haematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shams Asenjan
authors.affiliation: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Haematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dehdilani
authors.affiliation: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Haematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parsa
keywords: Articular cartilage; Mesenchymal stem cells; Platelet rich fibrin