title: Reduced and Compressed Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Children and Adolescents With Intermediate-Risk Extracranial Malignant Germ Cell Tumors: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.
abstract: Purpose To investigate whether event-free survival (EFS) can be maintained among children and adolescents with intermediate-risk (IR) malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT) if the administration of cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin (PEb) is reduced from four to three cycles and compressed from 5 to 3 days per cycle. Patients and Methods In a phase 3, single-arm trial, patients with IR MGCT (stage II-IV testicular, II-III ovarian, I-II extragonadal, or stage I gonadal tumors with subsequent recurrence) received three cycles of PEb. A parametric comparator model specified that the observed EFS rate should not be significantly < 92%. As recommended for trials that test a reduction of therapy, a one-sided P value ≤ .10 was used to indicate statistical significance. In a post hoc analysis, we also compared results to the EFS rate of comparable patients treated with four cycles of PEb in two prior studies. Results Among 210 eligible patients enrolled from 2003 to 2011, 4-year EFS (EFS4) rate was 89% (95% confidence interval, 83% to 92%), which was significantly lower than the 92% threshold of the comparison model ( P = .08). Among 181 newly diagnosed patients, the EFS4rate was 87%, compared with 92% for 92 comparable children in the historical cohort ( P = .15). The EFS4rate was significantly associated with stage (stage I, 100%; stage II, 92%; stage III, 85%; and stage IV, 54%; P < .001). Conclusion The EFS rate for children with IR MGCT observed after three cycles of PEb was less than that of a prespecified parametric model, particularly for patients with higher-stage tumors. These data do not support a reduction in the number of cycles of PEb from four to three. However, further investigation of a reduction in the number of cycles for patients with lower-stage tumors is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Furqan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Farzana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pashankar
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Marcio H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Malogolowkin
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Amatruda
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Doojduen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Villaluna
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krailo
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Deborah F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Billmire
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Frederick J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rescorla
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Rachel A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Egler
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Bryan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Dicken
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlatter
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Galindo
authors.affiliation: Furqan Shaikh, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; John W. Cullen, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO; Thomas A. Olson, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Farzana Pashankar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Marcio H. Malogolowkin, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento; Doojduen Villaluna and Mark Krailo, Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia; Mark Krailo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; James F. Amatruda, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX; Deborah F. Billmire and Frederick J. Rescorla, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Rachel A. Egler and Jonathan H. Ross, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH; Bryan J. Dicken, Stollery Children's Hospital, and University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Marc Schlatter, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI; Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and A. Lindsay Frazier, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: A Lindsay
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Frazier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin