title: Pulsatile hemodynamics in patient-specific thoracic aortic dissection models constructed from computed tomography angiography.
abstract: Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is considered one of the most catastrophic and non-traumatic cardiovascular diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in clinical treatment. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pulsatile hemodynamics changes throughout a cardiac cycle in a Stanford Type B TAD model with the aid of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method.
  
  
  
  A patient-specific dissected aorta geometry was reconstructed from the three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography angiography (CTA) scanning. The realistic time-dependent pulsatile boundary conditions were prescribed for our 3D patient-specific TAD model. Blood was considered to be an incompressible, Newtonian fluid. The aortic wall was assumed to be rigid, and a no-slip boundary condition was applied at the wall. CFD simulations were processed using the finite volume (FV) method to investigate the pulsatile hemodynamics in terms of blood flow velocity, aortic wall pressure, wall shear stress and flow vorticity. In the experiments, blood velocity, pressure, wall shear stress and vorticity distributions were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.
  
  
  
  The experimental results demonstrated a high wall shear stress and strong vertical flow at dissection initiation. The results also indicated that wall shear progressed along the false lumen, which is a possible cause of blood flow between aortic wall layers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Jacky Ka
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Long Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Ryan Wen
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Diya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.|Chow Yuk Ho Technology Center for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Simon Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ho Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.|Research Center for Medical Image Computing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.|Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Defeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D066230:Patient-Specific Modeling; D011673:Pulsatile Flow / Q000502:physiology*