title: Toxin Release of Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa after Exposure to Typical Tetracycline Antibiotic Contaminants.
abstract: The global usage of veterinary antibiotics is significant. Antibiotics can be released into aquatic environments and elicit toxic effects on non-target organisms. In this study, the growth characteristics and toxin release of the cyanobacteriumMicrocystis aeruginosa(M. aeruginosa) were examined to investigate the physiological effects of tetracycline antibiotics on aquatic life. Results showed that the degree of toxicities of the following target antibiotics was TC (tetracycline hydrochloride) > CTC (chlortetracycline hydrochloride) > OTC (oxytetracycline hydrochloride) in terms of growth parameters, EC10(0.63, 1.86, and 3.02 mg/L, respectively), and EC20(1.58, 4.09, and 4.86 mg/L, respectively) values. These antibiotics inhibited the production of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) to varying degrees. CTC interferedM. aeruginosacells and decreased their ability to release MC-LR, but this antibiotic stimulated the ability of these cells to synthesize MC-LR at 2 and 5 mg/L. OTC elicited a relatively weaker toxicity than CTC did and reduced MC-LR release. TC was the most toxic among the three antibiotics, and this antibiotic simultaneously reduced intracellular and extracellular MC-LR equivalents. Our results helped elucidate the effects of tetracycline antibiotics onM. aeruginosa, which is essential for environmental evaluation and protection. Our results are also helpful for guiding the application of veterinary antibiotics in agricultural settings.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. yejinganna@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. 18531139640@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) of Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. zjuwlm@163.com.
authors.forename: Lumei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. good2009314@163.com.
authors.forename: Jingru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. sonia0910@163.com.
authors.forename: Jiejing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. wuqingwen1990@126.com.
authors.forename: Qingwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. hu-xj@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D046931:Microcystis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D013754:Tetracyclines; C057862:cyanoginosin LR
keywords: blue-green algae; environmental toxicology; tetracycline antibiotics; toxin release