title: Antitumor Activities and Apoptosis-regulated Mechanisms of Fermented Barley Extract in the Transplantation Tumor Model of Human HT-29 Cells in Nude Mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of human HT-29 cells was established in nude mice to study the anticarcinogenic activities and apoptosis-regulatory mechanistic effect of aqueous extract of fermented barley with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 (LFBE).
  
  
  METHODS
  HT-29 cells were transplanted via subcutaneous injection of 1 × 107cells into the right flank of each nude mouse. Then, nude mice were treated for 30 days with LFBE (high-dose 2 g·kg-1·d-1; low-dose 1 g·kg-1·d-1) and for 7 days with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 25 g·kg-1·d-1) by gavage and intraperitoneal injection, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor volume and weight decreased significantly in both groups of nude mice treated with LFBE. In addition, the cell apoptosis rate of the LFBE group was significantly higher than that of the control group and 5-FU groups as measured by the TUNEL assay. Moreover, the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot methods further confirmed these apoptosis-enhancing and growth-inhibiting effects. The involvement of LFBE in inducing apoptosis was confirmed by the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and cyclinD1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that LFBE could induce subcutaneous transplantation tumor apoptosis in nude mice and could be used as a natural nutrient supplement or chemopreventive agent in the treatment of human colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jia Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xing Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D019073:HT29 Cells; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D019938:Cyclin D1; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: Antitumor; Apoptosis; Fermented barley extract; Human HT-29 cells; Nude mice