title: Transcortical or intracondylar? Which model is accurate for predicting biomaterial attachment in total joint replacement?
abstract: Despite four decades of research on material and porous coatings intended for cementless fixation in total joint replacement (TJR), aseptic mechanical loosening unrelated to particulate disease remains a concern. One main question asked is how translational are the animal models used to screen material and porous coatings intended for TJR fixation? Another question is how specific are the translational models at targeting the cementless TJR components that have the highest loosening rates? The hypothesis tested was that the bone response would be different between the two bone types-cortical and cancellous-used in translational animal modeling. The osteoblastic jumping distance (OJD), percent ingrowth, and appositional bone response were measured to assess the response between cancellous and cortical bone at two different anatomical locations, within the same limb. With 500 µm inset, titanium porous coated implants and negative control dinosaur (coprolite) implants were investigated. The data demonstrated that cortical bone had 7 times OJD than cancellous bone. The bone ingrowth data demonstrated 16 times higher bone ingrowth than the cancellous bone. Light microscopy showed predominately fibrous tissue attachment (98%) in cancellous bone. Screening of materials intended for TJR require a translational model predictive of the clinical condition. The results demonstrated that the transcortical model rendered false-positive data. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 578-588, 2018.
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Laboratory, DVA SLC HCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148.|Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Health Care, Orthopaedic Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108.
authors.forename: Roy D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bloebaum
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Laboratory, DVA SLC HCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148.
authors.forename: Nicole T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Abdo
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Laboratory, DVA SLC HCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148.
authors.forename: Aaron A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Laboratory, DVA SLC HCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148.|Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Health Care, Orthopaedic Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108.
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Epperson
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Laboratory, DVA SLC HCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148.|Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Health Care, Orthopaedic Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108.
authors.forename: Raymond E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Laboratory, DVA SLC HCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148.|Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Health Care, Orthopaedic Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108.
authors.forename: Ornusa
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chalayon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D000071556:Cancellous Bone / Q000187:drug effects*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071538:Cortical Bone / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005121:Extremities / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D016062:Porosity; D012756:Sheep / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D014025:Titanium
keywords: animal model; bone ingrowth; cementless total joint replacement; osseointegration; skeletal attachment