title: Association between blood pressure and magnesium and uric acid levels in indigenous Argentinean children at high altitude.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between nontraditional risk factors such as magnesium and uric acid with blood pressure (BP) in Indigenous children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 263 school-aged indigenous children living at high altitude were enrolled in a cross-sectional study in November 2011. Prehypertension (preHTN) and hypertension (HTN) were defined by systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90th to <95th percentile or ≥95th percentile respectively, according to age, sex, and height.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of preHTN and HTN was 13.7 and 8.3%, respectively. Low magnesium levels were identified in 21.7% (57/263): 28.1% (16/57) of the children with low magnesium levels had preHTN versus 9.7% (20/206) with normal magnesium values. Furthermore, 21.8% (12/57) of the children with low magnesium levels had HTN versus 4.5% (20/206) with normal magnesium values. There was a significant association between mean arterial pressure and magnesium (r = -026), uric acid (r = 0.20), phosphorus (r = -0.17), z-BMI (r = 0.22), potassium (r = -0.10), HOMA-IR (r = 0.17), calcium (r = -0.10), and sodium (r = -0.13). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mean arterial pressure was associated significantly and directly with BMI, age, gender, and uric acid; and inversely with magnesium, adjusted for sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and HOMA-IR (R2= 0.43). Furthermore, multiple logistic regression analyses showed that magnesium (OR = 0.015) and uric acid (OR = 2.95) were significantly associated with preHTN. Similar results were obtained when preHTN was replaced by HTN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that HTN was associated inversely with magnesium and positively with uric acid in indigenous school children.
authors.affiliation: University of Buenos Aires UBA, Paediatric Nutrition Buenos Aires, Argentina. Hidalgo Laboratories, Biochemistry, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hirschler
authors.affiliation: University of Buenos Aires UBA, Paediatric Nutrition Buenos Aires, Argentina. Hidalgo Laboratories, Biochemistry, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces, Paediatric Endocrinology, UPV-EHU, CIBERDEM, CIBERER Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maccallini
authors.affiliation: University of Buenos Aires UBA, Paediatric Nutrition Buenos Aires, Argentina. Hidalgo Laboratories, Biochemistry, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.affiliation: Members of the San Antonio de los Cobres Study Group Collaborators are Graciela Colque, MD, Hospital San Antonio de los Cobres (Salta, Argentina); Inés M. Urrutia, MD, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces (Bilbao, Spain); Marcelo Figueroa, MD, Centro Mater (Salta Argentina); Milva Sanchez, MS, Hidalgo Laboratories (Buenos Aires, Argentina); Mariana Hidalgo, MS, Hidalgo Laboratories (Buenos Aires, Argentina); Claudio Adranda, MS, University of Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires, Argentina); and Jose Gonzalez, MS, Escuela Hogar San Antonio de los Cobres (Salta Argentina).
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000531:Altitude; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid; D008274:Magnesium