title: Determination of benzimidazoles in meat samples by capillary zone electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry following dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.
abstract: A novel method based on capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry has been proposed and validated for the identification and simultaneous quantification of twelve benzimidazoles in meat samples. Electrophoretic separation was carried out using 500mM formic acid (pH 2.2) as background electrolyte and applying a voltage of 25kV at 25°C. In order to improve the sensitivity, stacking mode injection was applied, using as injection solvent a mixture of 30:70 acetonitrile/water at 50mbar for 75s. Sensitivity enhancement factors from 74 to 317 were obtained under these conditions. Detection using an ion trap as analyzer, operating in multiple reactions monitoring mode was employed. The main MS/MS parameters as well as the composition of the sheath liquid and other electrospray variables were optimized in order to obtain the highest sensitivity and precision in conjunction with an unequivocal identification. The method was applied to poultry and pork muscle samples. The deproteinization of samples and extraction of benzimidazoles was carried out with acetonitrile. MgSO4and NaCl were added as salting-out agents. Subsequently, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was applied as clean up procedure. The organic layer (acetonitrile, used as dispersant) containing the benzimidazoles was mixed with the extractant (chloroform) and both were injected in water, producing a cloudy solution. Recoveries for fortified samples were higher than 70%, with relative standard deviations lower than 16% were obtained in all cases. The limits of detection were below 3μgkg-1, demonstrating the applicability of this fast, simple, and environmentally friendly method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tejada-Casado
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moreno-González
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: García-Campaña
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: mdolmo@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Monsalud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Olmo-Iruela
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles
keywords: Benzimidazoles; Capillary electrophoresis; Dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction; Mass spectrometry; Meat samples