title: A Spanish Validation of the Canadian Adolescent Gambling Inventory (CAGI).
abstract: Aims:Large-scale epidemiological studies show a significant prevalence of gambling disorder (GD) during adolescence and emerging adulthood, and highlight the need to identify gambling-related behaviors at early ages. However, there are only a handful of screening instruments for this population and many studies measuring youth gambling problems use adult instruments that may not be developmentally appropriate. The aim of this study was to validate a Spanish version of theCanadian Adolescent Gambling Inventory(CAGI) among late adolescent and young adults and to explore its psychometric properties.Methods:The sample (16-29 years old) included a clinical group (n= 55) with GD patients and a control group (n= 340).Results:Exploratory factor analysis yielded one factor as the best model. This 24-item scale demonstrated satisfactory reliability (internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, α = 0.91), satisfactory convergent validity as measured by correlation with South Oaks Gambling Screen (r= 0.74), and excellent classification accuracy (AUC = 0.99; sensitivity = 0.98; and specificity = 0.99).Conclusion:Our results provide empirical support for our validation of the Spanish version of the CAGI. We uphold that the Spanish CAGI can be used as a brief, reliable, and valid instrument to assess gambling problems in Spanish youth.
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de BellvitgeBarcelona Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Murcia
authors.affiliation: Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain; Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Granero
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stinchfield
authors.affiliation: Département de Psychoéducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de BellvitgeBarcelona Spain; Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil, Escola Universitària d'Infermeria, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Pino-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moragas
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain.
authors.forename: Lamprini G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Savvidou
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de BellvitgeBarcelona Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernández-Aranda
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain.
authors.forename: Neus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aymamí
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez-Peña
authors.affiliation: Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Salomé
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tárrega
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gunnard
authors.affiliation: Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martín-Romera
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de BellvitgeBarcelona Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steward
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de BellvitgeBarcelona Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mestre-Bach
authors.affiliation: Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de BellvitgeBarcelona Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Menchón
keywords: CAGI; adolescence; gambling disorder; psychometric properties; validation; youth