title: The Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of the implementation of salt reduction interventions (March-August 2016).
abstract: This review aims to identify, summarize, and appraise studies reporting on the implementation of salt reduction interventions that were published between March and August 2016. Overall, 40 studies were included: four studies evaluated the impact of salt reduction interventions, while 36 studies were identified as relevant to the design, assessment, and implementation of salt reduction strategies. Detailed appraisal and commentary were undertaken on the four studies that measured the impact of the interventions. Among them, different evaluation approaches were adopted; however, all demonstrated positive health outcomes relating to dietary salt reduction. Three of the four studies measured sodium in breads and provided consistent evidence that sodium reduction in breads is feasible and different intervention options are available. None of the studies were conducted in low- or lower middle-income countries, which stresses the need for more resources and research support for the implementation of salt reduction interventions in these countries.
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Joseph Alvin
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trieu
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health India, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Thout Sudhir
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: JoAnne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arcand
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Jacqui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: Departments of Preventive & Social Medicine/Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McLean
mesh_terms: D001939:Bread / Q000600:supply & distribution; D003906:Developing Countries; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted / Q000379:methods*; D006284:Health Plan Implementation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000178:diet therapy*; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000600:supply & distribution*
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary
keywords: salt; salt reduction; sodium