title: Biochemical response of hybrid black poplar tissue culture (Populus × canadensis) on water stress.
abstract: In this study, poplar tissue culture (hybrid black poplar, M1 genotype) was subjected to water stress influenced by polyethyleneglycol 6000 (100 and 200 mOsm PEG 6000). The aim of the research was to investigate the biochemical response of poplar tissue culture on water deficit regime. Antioxidant status was analyzed including antioxidant enzymes, superoxide-dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guiacol-peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-reductase, reduced glutathione, total phenol content, Ferric reducing antioxidant power and DPPH radical antioxidant power. Polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine-ammonium-lyase were determined as enzymatic markers of polyphenol metabolism. Among oxidative stress parameters lipid peroxidation, carbonyl-proteins, hydrogen-peroxide, reactive oxygen species, nitric-oxide and peroxynitrite were determined. Proline, proline-dehydrogenase and glycinebetaine were measured also as parameters of water stress. Cell viability is finally determined as a biological indicator of osmotic stress. It was found that water stress induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation in leaves of hybrid black poplar and reduced cell viability. Antioxidant enzymes including SOD, GPx, CAT and GSH-Px were induced but total phenol content and antioxidant capacity were reduced by PEG 6000 mediated osmotic stress. The highest biochemical response and adaptive reaction was the increase of proline and GB especially by 200 mOsm PEG. While long term molecular analysis will be necessary to fully address the poplar potentials for water stress adaptation, our results on hybrid black poplar suggest that glycine-betaine, proline and PDH enzyme might be the most important markers of poplar on water stress and that future efforts should be focused on these markers and strategies to enhance their concentration in poplar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. popovicb@polj.uns.ac.rs.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Popović
authors.affiliation: Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Štajner
authors.affiliation: Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ždero-Pavlović
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tari
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Csiszár
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
authors.forename: Á
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Gallé
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poór
authors.affiliation: Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Antona Čehova 13, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Galović
authors.affiliation: Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Antona Čehova 13, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trudić
authors.affiliation: Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Antona Čehova 13, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orlović
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001622:Betaine / Q000378:metabolism; D001669:Biochemical Phenomena; D015415:Biomarkers; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D003681:Dehydration; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D019800:Phenol / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D032107:Populus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011392:Proline / Q000378:metabolism; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004798:Enzymes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014867:Water; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019800:Phenol; D001622:Betaine; D011392:Proline; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D004156:Catechol Oxidase; D010544:Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Antioxidant; Glycinebetaine; Osmotic stress; Poplar; Proline; Tissue culture