title: Increased zinc accumulation in mineralized osteosarcoma tissue measured by confocal synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence analysis.
abstract: Abnormal tissue levels of certain trace elements such as zinc (Zn) were reported in various types of cancer. Little is known about the role of Zn in osteosarcoma. Using confocal synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence analysis, we characterized the spatial distribution of Zn in high-grade sclerosing osteosarcoma of nine patients (four women/five men; seven knee/one humerus/one femur) following chemotherapy and wide surgical resection. Levels were compared with adjacent normal tissue. Quantitative backscattered electron imaging as well as histological examinations was also performed. On average, the ratio of medians of Zn count rates (normalized to calcium) in mineralized tumor tissue was about six times higher than in normal tissue. There was no difference in Zn levels between tumor fraction areas with a low fraction and a high fraction of mineralized tissue, which were clearly depicted using quantitative backscattered electron imaging. Moreover, we found no correlation between the Zn values and the type of tumor regression according to the Salzer-Kuntschik grading. The underlying mechanism of Zn accumulation remains unclear. Given the emerging data on the role of trace elements in other types of cancer, our novel results warrant further studies on the role of trace elements in bone cancer. Copyright © 2016 The Authors.X-Ray Spectrometrypublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0277-4902
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rauwolf
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pemmer
authors.affiliation: 1st Med. Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roschger
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3203-4948
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turyanskaya
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smolek
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maderitsch
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hischenhuber
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foelser
authors.affiliation: ANKA synchrotron radiation source Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Stephan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Puchner
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Windhager
authors.affiliation: 1st Med. Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klaushofer
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wobrauschek
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising Vienna Austria; 1st Med. Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Jochen G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hofstaetter
authors.affiliation: 1st Med. Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roschger
authors.affiliation: Atominstitut TU Wien Vienna Austria.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Streli