title: [Helping people to give up smoking; efficacy and safety of smoking cessation interventions].
abstract: - This review evaluates the safety and efficacy of, smoking cessation interventions.- Behavioural counselling is the cornerstone of smoking cessation programmes.- This counselling can be supplemented with written self-help materials, telephone counselling and e-health tailored to individual patient preferences.- Behavioural counselling may be combined with pharmacotherapy for increased effectiveness. First choice is a combination of a nicotine patch and a nicotine lozenge or chewing gum, mainly because of the favourable side-effect profile.- Furthermore, varenicline, bupropion and nortripyline are effective in smoking cessation; varenicline appears to be the most effective drug. These drugs have, however, more contraindications and potential side effects, which necessitates a correct diagnosis and more intensive monitoring.- The e-cigarette is not recommended as it seems to be equally efficacious as nicotine replacement therapy, but its potential side effects - such as normalising smoking - have not been sufficiently investigated.
authors.affiliation: Verslavingszorg Noord Nederland, Groningen.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: van de Graaf
authors.forename: O C P
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: van Schayck
mesh_terms: D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012907:Smoking; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000068580:Varenicline
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D000068580:Varenicline