title: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the Jatropha isabellei dichloromethane fraction and isolation and quantitative determination of jatrophone by UFLC-DAD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Jatropha isabellei Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) has been used in the traditional medicine to treat arthritis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the dichloromethane fraction (DFJi) from underground parts of J. isabellei, and to develop an analytical method to quantify the diterpene jatrophone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the DFjiwere determined by an acute arthritis model through assessment of the paw elevation time (PET) and articular diameter (AD) of Wistar rats treated orally (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg in a single-dose), and intravenously (0.1, 1, 10, 25 or 50 mg/kg in a bolus administration). The isolation of jatrophone from the DFjiwas carried out and confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. A UFLC-DAD method was developed and validated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When orally administered, the highest dose (200 mg/kg) of DFJiwas able to significantly reduce the PET to 24.8 ± 1.4 s (p < 0.01), when compared with the control group (33.7 ± 1.8 s). The administration of the intravenous dose of 10 mg/kg reduced the PET to 14.8 ± 0.3 s (p < 0.001). The oral and intravenous administration of the DFJiat dose of 200 and 10 mg/kg significantly prevented the formation of edema, reducing the AD in 25.3% and 32.5% (p < 0.01), respectively. The UFLC-DAD method allowed the quantification of jatrophone, which was found to be around 90 μg/mg of fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DFJidisplayed antinociceptive and antiedematogenic activities, representing a promising plant product for the arthritis treatment.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaina Kieling
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Fröhlich
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology , Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
authors.forename: Taciane
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
authors.forename: Layzon Antônio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
authors.forename: Maique Weber
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Biavatti
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology , Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Rogério
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Tonussi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
authors.forename: Elenara
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lemos-Senna
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000032:analysis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D031286:Jatropha; D008297:Male; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000032:analysis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; C006386:jatrophone; D008752:Methylene Chloride
keywords: Arthritis; inflammation; pain