title: Changes in plasma protein levels as an early indication of a bloodstream infection.
abstract: Blood culture is the primary diagnostic test performed in a suspicion of bloodstream infection to detect the presence of microorganisms and direct the treatment. However, blood culture is slow and time consuming method to detect blood stream infections or separate septic and/or bacteremic patients from others with less serious febrile disease. Plasma proteomics, despite its challenges, remains an important source for early biomarkers for systemic diseases and might show changes before direct evidence from bacteria can be obtained. We have performed a plasma proteomic analysis, simultaneously at the time of blood culture sampling from ten blood culture positive and ten blood culture negative patients, and quantified 172 proteins with two or more unique peptides. Principal components analysis, Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) and ROC curve analysis were performed to select protein(s) features which can classify the two groups of samples. We propose a number of candidates which qualify as potential biomarkers to select the blood culture positive cases from negative ones. Pathway analysis by two methods revealed complement activation, phagocytosis pathway and alterations in lipid metabolism as enriched pathways which are relevant for the condition. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD005022.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Microbiology, HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuusela
authors.affiliation: Transplantation laboratory, Haartmaninkatu 3, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Mayank
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5021-8150
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saraswat
authors.affiliation: Transplantation laboratory, Haartmaninkatu 3, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Sakari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joenväärä
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaartinen
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, HUH Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Asko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Järvinen
authors.affiliation: Transplantation laboratory, Haartmaninkatu 3, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Renkonen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins