title: Neutrophil dysregulation during sepsis: an overview and update.
abstract: Sepsis remains a leading cause of death worldwide, despite advances in critical care, and understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment strategies. No specific therapy or drugs are available for sepsis. Neutrophils play a critical role in controlling infection under normal conditions, and it is suggested that their migration and antimicrobial activity are impaired during sepsis which contribute to the dysregulation of immune responses. Recent studies further demonstrated that interruption or reversal of the impaired migration and antimicrobial function of neutrophils improves the outcome of sepsis in animal models. In this review, we provide an overview of the associated mediators and signal pathways involved which govern the survival, migration and antimicrobial function of neutrophils in sepsis, and discuss the potential of neutrophils as a target to specifically diagnose and/or predict the outcome of sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Peng
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Xian
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: neutrophil antimicrobial activity; neutrophil extracellular traps; neutrophil migration; sepsis; signal pathway