title: Using a Six Sigma Fishbone Analysis Approach To Evaluate the Effect of Extreme Weather Events on Salmonella Positives in Young Chicken Slaughter Establishments.
abstract: A six sigma fishbone analysis approach was used to develop a machine learning model in SAS, Version 9.4, by using stepwise linear regression. The model evaluated the effect of a wide variety of variables, including slaughter establishment operational measures, normal (30-year average) weather, and extreme weather events on the rate of Salmonella -positive carcasses in young chicken slaughter establishments. Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) verification carcass sampling data, as well as corresponding data from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration and the Federal Emergency Management Agency, from September 2011 through April 2015, were included in the model. The results of the modeling show that in addition to basic establishment operations, normal weather patterns, differences from normal and disaster events, including time lag weather and disaster variables, played a role in explaining the Salmonella percent positive that varied by slaughter volume quartile. Findings show that weather and disaster events should be considered as explanatory variables when assessing pathogen-related prevalence analysis or research and slaughter operational controls. The apparent significance of time lag weather variables suggested that at least some of the impact on Salmonella rates occurred after the weather events, which may offer opportunities for FSIS or the poultry industry to implement interventions to mitigate those effects.
authors.affiliation: Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), 1400 Independence Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-3700.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Linville
authors.affiliation: CapGemini (contracted with FSIS), 1616 Capitol Avenue, Omaha, Nebraska 68116, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.affiliation: Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), 1400 Independence Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-3700.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aston
authors.affiliation: Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), 1400 Independence Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-3700.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Defibaugh-Chavez
authors.affiliation: Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), 1400 Independence Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-3700.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seebohm
authors.affiliation: Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), 1400 Independence Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-3700.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Touhey
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D005506:Food Contamination; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D012475:Salmonella; D017749:Total Quality Management; D014887:Weather
keywords: Process control; Salmonella; Weather; Young chicken slaughter