title: Rare Thyroid Malignancies: an Overview for the Oncologist.
abstract: Anaplastic thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, primary thyroid lymphoma and primary thyroid sarcoma are rare thyroid cancers that comprise 5-10% of all thyroid malignancies. Unlike well-differentiated thyroid cancers, these malignancies have few treatment options and carry a worse prognosis. The literature surrounding these pathologies is limited, but remains an area of active research. Despite the rarity of these conditions, they remain an important part of the differential diagnosis for any thyroid nodule. Awareness of their presentation, work-up and management is critical for oncologists and head and neck surgeons. The purpose of this article is to provide a broad overview of these malignancies with an emphasis on emerging clinical research and therapies.
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Spielman
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badhey
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadakia
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Inman
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Dallas-Fort Worth, TX, USA. Electronic address: yducic@sbcglobal.net.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ducic
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D000072103:Oncologists; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma; medullary thyroid cancer; primary thyroid lymphoma; primary thyroid sarcoma; thyroid cancer