title: Community-acquired pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in critically-ill patients: systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) having often been associated with nosocomial pneumonia, the condition of some MRSA CAP patients is severe enough to warrant their being admitted to ICU.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the literature on antibiotic treatment of MRSA CAP in critically-ill patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online search was conducted for locating articles on MRSA CAP in critically ill patients. Relevant publications were identified in PUBMED, the BestPractice database, UpToDate database and the Cochrane Library for articles published in English within the December 2001 - April 2016 time frame.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 70 articles were found to have been published, 13 (18.8%) having been included and 57 (81.4%) excluded. Cohort studies were predominant, having totaled 16 in number (20.7%) as compared to one sole cross-sectional study (3.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experience in the treatment of MRSA CAP in patients requiring admission to ICU is quite limited. Vancomycin or linezolid seem to be the treatments of choice for MRSA CAP, although there not be any specific recommendation in this regard. It may be useful to use alternative routes, such as administration via aerosolized antibiotics, continuous infusion or in association with other antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona.. NCarballo@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carballo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona.. sgrau@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Antonio-Cuscó
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona.. sgrau@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Echeverría-Esnal
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona.. sgrau@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona.. sgrau@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona.. sgrau@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grau
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D011023:Pneumonia, Staphylococcal / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents