title: Barley husk carbon as the fiber coating for the solid-phase microextraction of twelve pesticides in vegetables prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detection.
abstract: In this work, a barley husk biomaterial was successfully carbonized by hydrothermal method. The carbon had a high specific surface area and good stability. It was coated onto a stainless steel wire through sol-gel technique to prepare a solid-phase microextraction fiber for the extraction of trace levels of twelve pesticides (tsumacide, fenobucarb, indoxacarb, diethofencarb, thimet, terbufos, malathion, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, buprofezin, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam) from vegetable samples prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) detection. The main experimental parameters that could influence the extraction efficiency such as extraction time, extraction temperature, sample pH, sample salinity, stirring rate, desorption temperature and desorption time, were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the linearity was observed in the range of 0.2-75.0μgkg-1for tomato samples, and 0.3-60.0μgkg-1for cucumber samples, with the correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.9959 to 0.9983. The limits of detection of the method were 0.01-0.05μgkg-1for tomato samples, and 0.03-0.10μgkg-1for cucumber samples. The recoveries of the analytes for the method from spiked samples were in the range of 76%-104%, and the precision, expressed as the relative standard deviations, was less than 12%.
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
authors.forename: Weiqian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
authors.forename: Juntao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China. Electronic address: zangxiaohuan@hebau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaohuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
authors.forename: Wenhuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China. Electronic address: zhiwang2013@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Barley husk biomaterial carbon; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Pesticides; Solid-phase microextraction; Tomato and cucumber