title: Low vitamin D status and obesity: Role of nutritionist.
abstract: Low vitamin D status and obesity have concomitantly reached epidemic levels worldwide. Up to now the direction of the association between low vitamin D status and obesity, the exact mechanisms responsible for this association and the clinical usefulness to increase vitamin D status for reducing adiposity still warrant further evaluation. The aim of the present review was to examine the current evidence linking low vitamin D status and obesity in relation to the role of the nutritionist. On the one side, considering obesity as a causal factor, low sun exposure in obese individuals due to their sedentary lifestyle and less outdoor activity, vitamin D sequestration in adipose tissue, and volumetric dilution of ingested or cutaneously synthesized vitamin D3in the large fat mass of obese patients, might represent some of the factors playing a major role in the pathogenesis of the low vitamin D status. On the other side, the expression of both vitamin D3receptors and enzymes responsible for vitamin D3metabolism in adipocytes depicted a role for the low vitamin D status per se in the development of obesity by modulating adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. Nutritionists need to accurately address the aspects influencing the low vitamin D status in obesity and the vitamin D supplementation in obese individuals.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savastano
authors.affiliation: I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl, 80011 Acerra, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barrea
authors.affiliation: I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl, 80011 Acerra, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Savanelli
authors.affiliation: I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl, 80011 Acerra, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.affiliation: IRCCS SDN, Napoli Via Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Somma
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science and Wellness, "Parthenope" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orio
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. colao@unina.it.
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D064686:Nutritionists; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D010819:Physician's Role; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000178:diet therapy
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Diet; Environmental factor; Nutritionist; Obesity; Vitamin D