title: The effect of estrone and estradiol on the expression of the adiponectin system in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy.
abstract: Adiponectin is secreted by the white adipose tissue and is one of the most important hormones that regulate metabolic homeostasis. The expression of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor genes and proteins in reproductive organs, such as the testes, ovaries, and uterus, suggests that adiponectin is also involved in the regulation of reproductive functions. Changes in the expression of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor genes and proteins in the porcine uterus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy imply that adiponectin activity may be controlled by the local hormonal milieu. Estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) are the key steroid hormones that regulate reproductive functions, including the early recognition of pregnancy and implantation. We hypothesize that E1 and E2 may regulate the expression of the adiponectin system in a pregnant uterus. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of E1 and E2 on the expression of adiponectin and its receptor genes and proteins by porcine endometrial and myometrial explants harvested from gilts (n = 5 per group) on Days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16, and 27 to 28 of pregnancy and on Days 10 to 11 of the estrous cycle. The expression of adiponectin and AdipoRs genes was examined with the real-time polymerase chain reaction, adiponectin secretion was evaluated with the ELISA method, and the expression of receptor proteins was determined using the Western blotting method. The results revealed that both E1 and E2 significantly influenced the expression of the adiponectin gene, hormone secretion in vitro, and the expression of AdipoRs genes and proteins. The influence of E1 and E2 on the expression of the adiponectin system varied in the early gestation, during the estrous cycle and between different stages of gestation. The examined steroids had a tissue-specific and a dose-dependent effect. This is the first ever study to describe the modulatory effect of E1 and E2 on the expression of the adiponectin system in the porcine uterus during early gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dobrzyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: nina.smolinska@uwm.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Smolinska
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiezun
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szeszko
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maleszka
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaminski
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004970:Estrone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol
keywords: Adiponectin; Early gestation; Pig; Steroid; Uterus