title: Comparative analysis of DNA methylation patterns of equine sarcoid and healthy skin samples.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, for the first time we report the genome-wide DNA methylation profile of skin tumour in horses and describe differentially methylated genomic regions (DMRs) with respect to healthy skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  The comparative analysis of DNA methylation patterns detected using Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) technique, allowed identification of 136 regions showing differential methylation between sarcoid and normal skin tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the identified DMRs were short fragments, less than 1 kb in size, located in the intergenic regions. Among identified DMRs there were also regions located within genes directly or indirectly related with oncogenesis. We additionally validated 9 CpG sites showing hypomethylation and 9 CpG sites that were hypermethylated in lesional sample, confirming the identified changes in the DNA methylation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowledge on the changes taking place in the process of DNA methylation may provide a basis for the development of new alternative diagnostic or therapeutic approaches to equine sarcoids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4667-5495
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Semik
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ząbek
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurgul
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fornal
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szmatoła
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-9595
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pawlina
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wnuk
authors.affiliation: Division of Pedriatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.|Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine ISME, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klukowska-Rötzler
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine ISME, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine ISME, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland.|Equine Clinic, General Surgery and Radiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mählmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bugno-Poniewierska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006736:Horses; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm
keywords: 
  DMRs
  ; 
  RRBS
  ; differentially methylated regions; horse sarcoids; methylation; tumorigenesis