title: Clinical and Demographic Predictors of Conversion to Dementia in Mexican Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a clinical stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. The clinical course of MCI is heterogeneous, with a significant number of cases progressing to dementia or reverting back to normal.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the predictors of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia among Mexican older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 175 persons underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation to establish mild cognitive impairment diagnosis. These patients were followed-up for a mean 3.5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 81.7 (± 6.9) years, 57% were women, and mean education level was 9.5 (± 6.1) years. Sixty-one percent of mild cognitive impairment participants progressed to dementia. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that progression to dementia was associated with age (HR: 4.95; 95% CI: 1.96-12.46; p = 0.001), low education level (HR: 5.81; 95% CI: 1.90-7.78; p < 0.002), history of stroke (HR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.37-11.16; p < 0.012) and cognitive decline (HR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.18-1.45; p = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age, poor education, cognitive decline, and a history of stroke were predictors of conversion to dementia. The identification and control of modifiable risk factors could influence conversion to dementia.
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sara G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alberto J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mimenza-Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ávila-Funes
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, Area of Aging, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social and Faculty of Superior Studies (FES) Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Juárez-Cedillo
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernal-López
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, School of Medicine, Torreón Unit, Torreón Coahuila, Mexico.
authors.forename: Celia G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hernández-Favela
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology