title: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B-beta (eIF2Bβ), a new class of plant virus resistance gene.
abstract: Recessive resistances to plant viruses in the Potyvirus genus have been found to be based on mutations in the plant eukaryotic translation initiation factors, eIF4E and eIF4G or their isoforms. Here we report that natural, monogenic recessive resistance to the Potyvirus Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) has been found in a number of mustard (Brassica juncea) accessions. Bulked segregant analysis and sequencing of resistant and susceptible plant lines indicated the resistance is controlled by a single recessive gene, recessive TuMV resistance 03 (retr03), an allele of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B-beta (eIF2Bβ). Silencing of eIF2Bβ in a TuMV-susceptible mustard plant line and expression of eIF2Bβ from a TuMV-susceptible line in a TuMV-resistant mustard plant line confirmed the new resistance mechanism. A functional copy of a specific allele of eIF2Bβ is required for efficient TuMV infection. eIF2Bβ represents a new class of virus resistance gene conferring resistance to any pathogen. eIF2B acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for its GTP-binding protein partner eIF2 via interaction with eIF2·GTP at an early step in translation initiation. Further genotyping indicated that a single non-synonymous substitution (A120G) in the N-terminal region of eIF2Bβ was responsible for the TuMV resistance. A reproducible marker has been developed, facilitating marker-assisted selection for TuMV resistance in B. juncea. Our findings provide a new target for seeking natural resistance to potyviruses and new opportunities for the control of potyviruses using genome editing techniques targeted on eIF2Bβ.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jannat
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shopan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Haipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Changtong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, UK.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Zhongyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|School of Life Science, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, UK.|Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Mingfang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005838:Genotype; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: 
  Brassica juncea
  ; Turnip mosaic virus; eIF2Bβ; mustard; new resistance gene; virus resistance