title: Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis of the Newborn: Report of Five Cases.
abstract: Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) is a rare, self-limited disorder of the panniculus which appears in the first few weeks of life. SCFN generally follows an uncomplicated course. However, there are important complications for which the patient must be regularly monitored, including thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and most importantly, hypercalcemia. We report five infants with SCFN. All children were born at term. The onset of lesions was between 1 day and 20 days after birth. The back was the most frequent location. Birth hypoxia was the most frequent risk factor. Complications included hypercalcemia, hypoglycemia, and metastatic calcifications (disseminated subcutaneous calcifications, nephrocalcinosis, and myocardial calcifications). This study provides the first case of SCFN in the context of hypoxic encephalopathy and refractory septic shock that required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: leiregonzalezlara@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Leire González
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Asunción Vicente
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: María Mercedes Otero
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariona Sunol
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Capella
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Fredy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Prada
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: María Antonia González
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Enseñat
mesh_terms: D005218:Fat Necrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000209:etiology; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000209:etiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D035583:Rare Diseases; D012307:Risk Factors; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat; D047929:Term Birth
keywords: hypercalcemia; metastatic calcifications; newborn; subcutaneous fat necrosis