title: Verification of Implant Surface Modification by a Novel Processing Method.
abstract: Metals have been used clinically as biomaterials, especially in the orthopaedic and dental fields. Metals used as implants wear at contact surfaces, producing metal particles and metal ions that may be harmful. Newly developed metal implants and methods of implant surface modification are currently under scrutiny. We evaluated the use of electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) as a surface finishing method for metal implants. Metal implants processed using the ELID method (ELID group) or not processed (Non-ELID group) were inserted surgically into rabbit femurs. The rabbits were sacrificed postoperatively over a 24-week period. We assessed the concentrations of the cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, the resistance to implant pull-out, and histopathology at the implant site. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the cytokine concentrations or implant pull-out resistance. Many particles indicating wear around the implant were noted in the Non-ELID group (n=10) but not the ELID group (n=13), while a fibrous membrane adhering to the every implant was noted in the ELID group. The formation of a fibrous membrane rather than metal particles in the ELID group may indicate improved biocompatibility, and it suggests that ELID may prevent corrosion in the areas of contact.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hisamori
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneeda
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohmori
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000069343:Bone-Implant Interface; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D023421:Models, Animal; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014025:Titanium
keywords: biomaterial; metal implant; metal ion; surface modification; wear