title: Imaging CD8+T cells during diverse viral infections.
abstract: CD8+T cells play a critical role in host defense against pathogens and tumors. Much of our current knowledge of the activation and subsequent effector activities of CD8+T cells has been gained usingex vivoapproaches examining the T cell populationen massefor surface phenotype, activation status and the production of effector molecules. Thus, the precise behaviors and diversity of individual CD8+T cells responding to virus infectionin vivohave not been extensively explored, leaving many unanswered questions relevant to the rational design of antiviral vaccines and therapeutics. Recently, intravital multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has been used to image CD8+T cell priming after infection with disparate viral pathogens ranging from small RNA viruses encoding few proteins to DNA viruses producing hundreds of viral proteins (many immunomodulatory). After priming, effector CD8+T cells have been visualized in virus-infected tissue, both during primary infection and after transitioning to tissue resident memory cells (TRM). Here, I highlight recent advances in our understanding of antiviral CD8+T cell responses revealed through intravital MPM.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Diseases; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda, MD USA.
authors.forename: Heather D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Hickman
keywords: 2-photon microscopy; Intravital microscopy; T cells; adaptive immune response; cytotoxic T cells; multiphoton microscopy; tissue-resident memory; virus