title: Examining the Effects of Transphobic Discrimination and Race on HIV Risk Among Transwomen in San Francisco.
abstract: Transwomen, in particular transwomen of color (TWOC), are among the most vulnerable populations at risk for HIV. This secondary analysis is organized using a gender minority stress framework to examine the effects of transphobic discrimination and race on HIV risk factors. We describe the sample of 149 HIV- adult transwomen in San Francisco and use binary logistic regression to examine the relationship between levels of transphobic discrimination and TWOC status on binge drinking and condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI), controlling for potential confounders. Those with high levels of transphobic discrimination had 3.59 fold greater odds of engaging in binge drinking compared to those who reported a low level of transphobic discrimination (95% CI 1.284-10.034; P = 0.015). TWOC had nearly threefold greater odds of CRAI compared to white transwomen (95% CI 1.048-8.464; P = 0.040). We discuss implications for gender minority stress research and future interventions for this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite #455, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA. Sean.Arayasirikul@ucsf.edu.|Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA, 94102, USA. Sean.Arayasirikul@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-6206
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arayasirikul
authors.affiliation: Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA, 94102, USA.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Erin C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA, 94102, USA.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Henry F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Raymond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D063106:Transgender Persons / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Alcohol use; HIV/AIDS; LGBT health; Transgender; Transwomen