title: Heterojunction Photocatalysts.
abstract: Semiconductor-based photocatalysis attracts wide attention because of its ability to directly utilize solar energy for production of solar fuels, such as hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels and for degradation of various pollutants. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions remains low due to the fast electron-hole recombination and low light utilization. Therefore, enormous efforts have been undertaken to solve these problems. Particularly, properly engineered heterojunction photocatalysts are shown to be able to possess higher photocatalytic activity because of spatial separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Here, the basic principles of various heterojunction photocatalysts are systematically discussed. Recent efforts toward the development of heterojunction photocatalysts for various photocatalytic applications are also presented and appraised. Finally, a brief summary and perspectives on the challenges and future directions in the area of heterojunction photocatalysts are also provided.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jingxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.|Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Jiaguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, 44242, USA.
authors.forename: Mietek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaroniec
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Swelm
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wageh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al-Ghamdi
keywords: direct Z-scheme; graphene; heterojunctions; photocatalysts; surface heterojunctions