title: 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase as a marker in colon carcinogenesis: analysis of the prostaglandin pathway in human colonic tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGEs-1) regulate prostaglandin E2(PGE2) expression and are involved in colon carcinogenesis. We investigated the expression of PGE2and its regulating genes in sporadic human colon tumors and matched normal tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty colonic adenomas and 27 colonic adenocarcinomas were evaluated. COX-2 and 15-PGDH expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of PGE2and mPGEs-1 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of COX-2, mPGEs-1, and PGE2did not differ between the adenomas and matched distant normal tissues. 15-PGDH expression was lower in adenomas than in the matched normal colonic tissues (P<0.001). In adenocarcinomas, mPGEs-1 and PGE2expression was significantly higher (P<0.001 andP=0.020, respectively), and COX-2 expression did not differ from that in normal tissues (P=0.207). 15-PGDH expression was significantly lower in the normal colonic mucosa from adenocarcinoma patients than in the normal mucosa from adenoma patients (P=0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early inactivation of 15-PGDH, followed by activation of COX-2 and mPGEs-1, contributes to PGE2production, leading to colon carcinogenesis. 15-PGDH might be a novel candidate marker for early detection of field defects in colon carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenteroloy, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenteroloy, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byong Duk
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenteroloy, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Byeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenteroloy, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Suk-Kyun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenteroloy, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Myung
keywords: 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase; Carcinogenesis; Colon