title: Zinc and metalloproteinases 2 and 9: What is their relation with breast cancer?
abstract: Zinc is the catalytic component of proteins that regulate responses to DNA damage, intracellular signaling enzymes, and matrix metalloproteinases, which are important proteins in carcinogenesis. The objective of this review is to bring current information on the participation of zinc and matrix metalloproteinases types 2 and 9 in mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. We conducted a literature review, in consultation with the PubMed, Lilacs, and Scielo databases. The zinc and cysteine residues are structural elements shared by all members of the family of matrix metalloproteinases, and these proteins appear to be involved in the propagation of various types of neoplasms, including breast cancer. Moreover, transported zinc is likely to be used for the metalation of the catalytic domain of the newly synthesized metalloproteinases before the latter are secreted. Accordingly, increase in zinc concentrations in cellular compartments and the reduction of this trace element in the blood of patients with breast cancer appear to alter the activity of metalloproteinases 2 and 9, contributing to the occurrence of malignancy. Thus, it is necessary to carry out further studies with a view to clarify the role of zinc and metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aldenora Oliveira do Nascimento
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Holanda
authors.affiliation: UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Raquel Soares de
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kyria Jayanne Clímaco
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Soares
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Severo
authors.affiliation: UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jennifer Beatriz Silva
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: Mother-Child Department, UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Benedito Borges da
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dilina do Nascimento
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Marreiro
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D015032:Zinc