title: Results of surgical excision of urethral prolapse in symptomatic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Here, we present the clinical presentation and surgical outcomes of women with symptomatic urethral prolapse presenting to our institution over 20 years, and seek to provide treatment recommendations for management of symptomatic urethral prolapse and caruncle.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of medical records from female patients who underwent surgery for symptomatic urethral prolapse from June 1995 to August 2015 was performed. Surgical technique consisted of a four-quadrant excisional approach for repair of urethral prolapse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 26 patients were identified with a mean age of 38.8 years (range 3-81). The most common presentations were vaginal bleeding, hematuria, pain, and dysuria. All patients underwent surgical excision of urethral prolapse via a standard approach. Follow-up data was available in 24 patients. Six patients experienced temporary postoperative bleeding, and one patient required placement of a Foley catheter for tamponade. One patient experienced temporary postoperative urinary retention requiring Foley catheter placement. Three patients had visible recurrence of urethral prolapse, for which one later underwent re-excision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical excision of urethral prolapse is a reasonable treatment option in patients who have tried conservative management without relief, as well as in those who present with severe symptoms. Possible complications following excision include postoperative bleeding and recurrence, and patients must be counseled accordingly. In this work, we propose a treatment algorithm for symptomatic urethral prolapse.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Tola
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyesanya
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Anne P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Cameron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000072700:Conservative Treatment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011391:Prolapse; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: prolapse treatment; surgical excision; urethral caruncle; urethral mass; urethral prolapse