title: Comparison of Effects of Different Statins on Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats: Histopathological and Biochemical Findings.
abstract: Statins are a promising new strategy to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). In this study we compared the ameliorative effect of different statins in a rat model of CI-AKI. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control group; CI-AKI group; CI-AKI + rosuvastatin group (10 mg/kg/day); CI-AKI + simvastatin group (80 mg/kg/day); and CI-AKI + atorvastatin group (20 mg/kg/day). CI-AKI was induced by dehydration for 72 hours, followed by furosemide intramuscular injection 20 minutes before low-osmolar contrast media (CM) intravenous injection. Statins were administered by oral gavage once daily for 3 consecutive days before CM injection and once 4 hours after CM injection. Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after CM injection, and renal function, kidney histopathology, nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were evaluated. The results showed that atorvastatin and rosuvastatin but not simvastatin ameliorated CM-induced serum creatinine elevation and histopathological alterations. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin showed similar effectiveness against CM-induced oxidative stress, but simvastatin was less effective. Atorvastatin was most effective against NO system dysfunction and cell apoptosis, whereas rosuvastatin was most effective against inflammation. Our findings indicate that statins exhibit differential effects in preventing CI-AKI when given at equivalent lipid-lowering doses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lei
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6886-0312
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tuo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4056-3815
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Liu-Hua
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3203-7161
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Qun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1848-4782
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Feng
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8926-1842
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4573-154X
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Hong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4387-4109
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5567-4115
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000145:classification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors