title: Genetic Mouse Models: The Powerful Tools to Study Fat Tissues.
abstract: Obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with a variety of comorbidities that contribute to mortality around the world. Although significant effort has been expended in understanding mechanisms that mitigate the consequences of this epidemic, the field has experienced limited success thus far. The potential ability of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to counteract obesity and metabolic disease in rodents (and potentially in humans) has been a topical realization. Recently, there is also another thermogenic fat cell called beige adipocytes, which are located among white adipocytes and share similar activated responses to cyclic AMP as classical BAT. In this chapter, we review contemporary molecular strategies to investigate the role of adipose tissue depots in metabolism. In particular, we will discuss the generation of adipose tissue-specific knockout and overexpression of target genes in various mouse models. We will also discuss how to use different Cre (cyclization recombination) mouse lines to investigate diverse types of adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Xingxing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., MC9077, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., MC9077, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. Tiemin.Liu@UTSouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Tiemin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D023061:Gene Order; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D019426:Integrases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity
chemical_list: C045073:Cre recombinase; D019426:Integrases
keywords: Adiponectin-cre; Beige adipocyte; Rosa26-loxp-stop-loxp; Ucp1-cre