title: A Single Crystal with Multiple Functions of Optical Waveguide, Aggregation-Induced Emission, and Mechanochromism.
abstract: A novel single crystal, PyB, is produced in a high yield by the simple method of connecting a pyrene unit and a rhodamine B moiety together. PyB shows multiple functions of aggregation-induced emission, low-loss optical waveguiding, and tricolored mechanochromism. The crucial point for fabricating such a multifunctional single crystal is selecting the C═N group as a spacer, which simplifies the synthetic procedure, confines the molecular conformation to develop single crystals, and allows one to dynamically observe the color variation in situ and quantitatively analyze the effect of applied pressures. Such a simple approach may be extended to other fluorophores, thus providing a new opportunity for the real world application of mechanochromic materials for mechanical sensors, optical encoding, and optoelectronic devices, etc.
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering , Handan 056038, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Aisen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yuechao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3187-2023
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Yongsheng
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4329-0103
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xinru
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-1867
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
keywords: aggregation-induced emission; hydrostatic pressure; mechanochromism; optical waveguide; single crystal