title: [Real-time 3D echocardiography for estimation of severity in valvular heart disease : Impact on current guidelines].
abstract: Besides providing spatial anatomic information on heart valves, real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) combined with color Doppler has the potential to overcome the limitations of flow quantification inherent to conventional 2D color Doppler methods. Recent studies validated the application of color Doppler 3DE (cD-3DE) for the quantification of regurgitation flow based on the vena contracta area (VCA) and the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) methods. Particularly the assessment of VCA by cD-3DE led to a change of paradigm by understanding of the VCA as being strongly asymmetric in the majority of patients and etiologies. This review provides a comprehensive description of the different concepts of cD-3DE-based flow quantification in the setting of different valvular heart diseases and their presentation in recent guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik III, Klinik für Kardiologie, Klinikum Westfalen, Am Knappschaftskrankenhaus 1, 44309, Dortmund, Deutschland. thomas.buck@klinikum-westfalen.de.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Universitätsklinik II - Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Deutschland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bösche
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik III, Klinik für Kardiologie, Klinikum Westfalen, Am Knappschaftskrankenhaus 1, 44309, Dortmund, Deutschland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Plicht
mesh_terms: D002309:Cardiology / Q000592:standards*; D003199:Computer Systems; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000592:standards*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000592:standards*; D005858:Germany; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011871:Radiology / Q000592:standards*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Aortic valve insufficiency; Color Doppler real-time 3D echocardiography; Mitral valve insufficiency; Proximal isovelocity surface area; Vena contracta area