title: Endotypes in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Biomarkers Based on a Mechanistic Insight for Targeted Treatment?
abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis is an umbrella term for several phenotypes and mechanistically distinct inflammatory diseases of the nose and the paranasal sinuses affecting around 11% of the population in Europe and the USA. Approximately 20% of the patients present with uncontrolled disease despite adequate treatment, and revision surgery is common. While a clinical characterization alone does not improve treatment results, novel but expensive biologics have increasingly become available, but they require a better understanding of the mechanism. Mechanistic markers of disease may help to allocate the optimal drug to a patient, thus reducing undesirable side effects and avoiding unnecessary treatment and costs with respect to potential non-responders, thereby increasing responder rates and compliance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagenmann
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scheckenbach
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Chaker
mesh_terms: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D015415:Biomarkers; D007378:Interleukins