title: Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Compound ofPseudocedrela kotschyion Cervical Cancer (HeLa), Breast Cancer (MCF-7) and Skeletal Muscle Cancer (RD) Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study determined the cytotoxic effects of root and stem bark extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds derived fromPseudocedrela kotschyion HeLa, MCF-7, and RD cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytotoxic activity was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay against three cell lines (RD, HeLa, and MCF 7) at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1000 μg/mL. Isolation of crude saponin was done from the most active ethyl acetate fraction and further purified using vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatographic techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cytotoxicity assay revealed that the methanol extract from the root bark and the ethyl acetate fraction from the stem bark exhibited marked anticancer activity with IC50of 87.36 μg/ml and 21.53 μg/ml, respectively, on HeLa cancer cell line and 101.51 μg/mL and 38.46 μg/mL, respectively, on RD cell line. These values are comparable with that obtained from vinblastine and methotrexate used as standard drugs (IC50values of 0.01 μg/mL and 0.05 μg/mL, respectively). The isolated crude saponins also gave IC50values of 5.28 μg/mL and 81.52 μg/mL against the RD cell lines and IC50values of 1.05 μg/mL and 86.8 μg/mL for the MCF 7 cancer cell lines. PTLC led to the isolation of a compound from the crude saponin which was identified as 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin through spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  P. kotschyicould be considered as a potential source of chemotherapeutic agent. However, further research to determine the exact mechanism of action needs to be carried out.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pseudocedrela kotschyimethanol extract from the root bark and the ethyl acetate fraction from the stem bark exhibited marked anticancer activity on HeLa, MCF-7, and RD cell lines7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin isolated as a white crystalline substance from the most active ethyl acetate fraction contributed to the observed activity.Abbreviations Used:MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; TLC: Thin layer chromatography; VLC: Vacuum liquid chromatography; PTLC: Preparative thin layer chromatographic; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; PBS: Phosphate buffer saline; FHI: Forest Herbarium Ibadan; DMSO: Dimethylsuphoxide; SEM: Standard error of mean.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Taiwo O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Elufioye
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abolaji A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Jone O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Moody
keywords: 3-(4; 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2; 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay; 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin; Cytotoxicity; HeLa; MCF-7; Pseudocedrela kotschyi; RD