title: Optical coherence tomography angiography features of chorioretinal folds: a case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report 3 cases of ocular chorioretinal folds from different etiologies and their aspect with the new imaging technology of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCT-A).
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data, investigational process on etiology, and follow-up data of patients referred for chorioretinal folds to the Medical Retina &amp; Imaging Unit of San Raffaele Hospital in the period January-March 2016 were collected. Multimodal imaging evaluation, comprehensive of infrared, fundus autofluorescence, multicolor, spectral-domain OCT, and OCT-A, was performed on all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four eyes of 3 men, 65, 46, and 50 years of age, showed chorioretinal folds secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy, postoperative hypotony (after deep sclerectomy), and anisometropia with unilateral hyperopia, respectively. In all cases, OCT-A imaging showed a signal reduction in the choriocapillaris layer in correspondence of the folds. Due to this signal reduction, the en face reconstruction of choriocapillaris layer showed, in all cases, a peculiar tigroid aspect. The aspect of the folds at OCT-A remained unchanged during the 3-month follow-up in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optical coherence tomography angiography shows a typical linear signal reduction in the choriocapillaris layer in correspondence of the fold with a tigroid pattern. We hypothesize this aspect could be explained by blood flow alteration at the choriocapillaris level in correspondence of the fold.
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Del Turco
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabiolo
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro - Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carnevali
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Spina
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bettin
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Querques
authors.affiliation:  Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan - Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bandello
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015862:Choroid Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids