title: Fluorescent Reporters and Biosensors for Probing the Dynamic Behavior of Protein Kinases.
abstract: Probing the dynamic activities of protein kinases in real-time in living cells constitutes a major challenge that requires specific and sensitive tools tailored to meet the particular demands associated with cellular imaging. The development of genetically-encoded and synthetic fluorescent biosensors has provided means of monitoring protein kinase activities in a non-invasive fashion in their native cellular environment with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we review existing technologies to probe different dynamic features of protein kinases and discuss limitations where new developments are required to implement more performant tools, in particular with respect to infrared and near-infrared fluorescent probes and strategies which enable improved signal-to-noise ratio and controlled activation of probes.
authors.affiliation: Cell Cycle Biosensors & Inhibitors, Department of Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins, Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM) CNRS-UMR 5247, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier 34093, France. juan-antonio.gonzalez-vera@univ-montp1.fr.
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: González-Vera
authors.affiliation: Cell Cycle Biosensors & Inhibitors, Department of Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins, Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM) CNRS-UMR 5247, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier 34093, France. may.morris@univ-montp1.fr.
authors.forename: May C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Morris
keywords: biosensor; dynamics; fluorescence; imaging; protein kinase