title: Topics on vitamin D in systemic lupus erythematosus: analysis of evidence and critical literature review.
abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with multiorgan inflammation, linked to the loss of immune tolerance to self-antigens and the production of a diversity of autoantibodies. The phenotype and progression of SLE have been linked to a combination of environmental, genetic, and hormonal factors. One such environmental factor is vitamin D, a vital hormone with well-established effects on mineral metabolism, skeletal health, and effects on cardiovascular system. The purpose of this article is to make the analysis of evidence and literature review of the pleomorphic effects of Vitamin D in SLE. The article is structured in topics of interest based in the authors' opinion and summarizes the evidence of studies and trials of vitamin D in SLE.
authors.affiliation: UMIB, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), U.Porto, 4099-001, Porto, Portugal. antmarinho@hotmail.com.|Unidade Imunologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital Santo António, Porto, Portugal. antmarinho@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marinho
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Medicina Interna, ULS Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taveira
authors.affiliation: UMIB, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), U.Porto, 4099-001, Porto, Portugal.|Unidade Imunologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital Santo António, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D059467:Transcriptome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Antigen-presenting cells; Epigenome; Inflammation; Lupus; Major histocompatibility complex genes; Randomized controlled trials; Regulatory T cells; T-helper 17 cells; Transcriptome; Vitamin D; Vitamin D receptor single nucleotide polymorphisms; Vitamin D response elements