title: Cell physiology regulation by hypoxia inducible factor-1: Targeting oxygen-related nanomachineries of hypoxic cells.
abstract: Any dysfunctionality in maintaining the oxygen homeostasis by mammalian cells may elicit hypoxia/anoxia, which results in inescapable oxidative stress and possible subsequent detrimental impacts on certain cells/tissues with high demands to oxygen molecules. The ischemic damage in turn can trigger initiation of a number of diseases including organs ischemia, metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases, different types of malignancies, and alteration in wound healing process. Thus, full comprehension of molecular mechanism(s) and cellular physiology of the oxygen homeostasis is the cornerstone of the mammalian cells metabolism, energetic pathways and health and disease conditions. An imbalance in oxygen content within the cellular microenvironment activates a cascade of molecular events that are often compensated, otherwise pathologic condition occurs through a complexed network of biomolecules. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays a key transcriptional role in the adaptation of cell physiology in relation with the oxygen content within a cell. In this current study, we provide a comprehensive review on the molecular mechanisms of oxygen sensing and homeostasis and the impacts of HIF-1 in hypoxic/anoxic conditions. Moreover, different molecular and biochemical responses of the cells to the surrounding environment are discussed in details. Finally, modern technological approaches for targeting the hypoxia related proteins are articulated.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eskandani
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vandghanooni
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Jaleh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barar
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: nazemiyehh@tbzmed.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nazemiyeh
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: yomidi@tbzmed.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Yadollah
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Omidi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
keywords: Cellular metabolism; Drug targeting; Hypoxia inducible factor-1; Nanosystems; Oxygen