title: Exfoliation of graphene sheets via high energy wet milling of graphite in 2-ethylhexanol and kerosene.
abstract: Graphene sheets have been exfoliated from bulk graphite using high energy wet milling in two different solvents that were 2-ethylhexanol and kerosene. The milling process was performed for 60 h using a planetary ball mill. Morphological characteristics were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). On the other hand, the structural characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) and Raman spectrometry. The exfoliated graphene sheets have represented good morphological and structural characteristics with a valuable amount of defects and a good graphitic structure. The graphene sheets exfoliated in the presence of 2-ethylhexanol have represented many layers, large crystal size and low level of defects, while the graphene sheets exfoliated in the presence of kerosene have represented fewer number of layers, smaller crystal size and higher level of defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Measurements, Photochemistry and Agriculture Applications, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science (NILES), Cairo University, P.O. Box 12631, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Al-Sayed
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al-Sherbini
authors.affiliation: Department of Measurements, Photochemistry and Agriculture Applications, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science (NILES), Cairo University, P.O. Box 12631, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakr
authors.affiliation: Department of Measurements, Photochemistry and Agriculture Applications, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science (NILES), Cairo University, P.O. Box 12631, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ghoneim
authors.affiliation: Department of Measurements, Photochemistry and Agriculture Applications, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science (NILES), Cairo University, P.O. Box 12631, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saad
keywords: 2-Ethyl-hexanol; Defects; E-H, 2-ethyl-hexanol; Graphene; K, kerosene; Kerosene; Raman spectroscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; Wet ball milling; XRD, X-ray diffraction