title: Genome-wide comparative analysis ofLEAFYpromoter sequence in angiosperms.
abstract: Regulation of the flowering mechanism is influenced by many environmental factors. Dissecting the regulatory processes upstream of theLFY(LEAFY) gene will help us to understand the molecular mechanisms of floral induction. In total, 53LFYsequences were identified in 37 species. Among the 53 selectedLFYpromoters and after eliminating the short sequences, 47LFYpromoters were analyzed. Comparative genome studies forLFYpromoters among plants showed that TATA-box existed in all herbaceous plants. The 1345-bp promoter sequence upstream to hickoryLFYgene was cloned and analyzed, together with functional studies. The result of sequence alignment showed that the region of the hickoryLFYpromoter has only two conserved auxin response elements (AuxRE), whereas other plants had four. The positions of AuxRE in hickory and walnut were the same, but they were different from the positions from other plants. Furthermore the sequence analysis showed that the promoter have TATA-box and CAAT-box motifs. Deletion analysis of these motifs did not block β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity during the transient expression assay, suggesting that it may be a TATA-less promoter. Low temperature and light significantly induced the full-length promoter to increase about two folds of the GUS enzymatic activity, suggesting these environmental factors induced flowering in hickory.
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Dong Hu Campus, 88 Northern Circle Road, Linan, 311300 China.
authors.forename: Zhichao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Dong Hu Campus, 88 Northern Circle Road, Linan, 311300 China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Dong Hu Campus, 88 Northern Circle Road, Linan, 311300 China.
authors.forename: Jianqin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Dong Hu Campus, 88 Northern Circle Road, Linan, 311300 China.
authors.forename: Bingsong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Dong Hu Campus, 88 Northern Circle Road, Linan, 311300 China.
authors.forename: Liangsheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Dong Hu Campus, 88 Northern Circle Road, Linan, 311300 China.
authors.forename: Zhengjia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: Carya cathayensis; Fluorometric analysis; LFY genes; Promoter; Sequence analysis; Transient expression