title: Rural habitat as risk factor for hepatitis E virus seroconversion in HIV-infected patients: A prospective longitudinal study.
abstract: Our objective was to determine the incidence and clinical manifestations of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) in HIV-infected patients. A prospective longitudinal study including HIV-infected HEV-seronegative patients was conducted; HEV seroconversion (to IgG and/or IgM) was the main outcome variable. All patients were tested for HEV antibodies every 3-6 months. For patients who developed HEV seroconversion, a data collection protocol was followed to identify associated clinical manifestations and analytical alterations. A total of 627 patients (89.9%) were followed during a median of 11.96 months (IQR: 8.52-14.52 months) and formed the study population. Forty-one patients developed detectable anti-HEV antibodies (7.2 cases per 100 patients/year). Our study found a high incidence of HEV in HIV-infected patients in southern Spain strongly associated with a rural habitat.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5813-6889
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivero-Juarez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cuenca-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez-Peinado
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Real
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frias
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cantisán
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torre-Cisneros
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060085:Coinfection; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012698:Serologic Tests
keywords: 
  HIV
  ; hepatitis E; rural habitat; seroconversion