title: American cutaneous leishmaniasis: In situ immune response of patients with recent and late lesions.
abstract: TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17, CD68 and CD57 were evaluated in biopsies of patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis living in Sorocaba, Brazil. The analyses were performed considering the time of lesions from 23 patients with recent lesions (Group I) and 19 patients with late lesions (Group II). All patients were infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Immunostaining cells for CD68, CD57, TNF- α, IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-17 were performed by immunohistochemistry. Except for CD68 and IL-17, the distribution of in situ for CD57, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ showed that patients with recent lesions expressed higher levels than those with late lesions. The comparison of cytokine expression/group showed that IL-10 was significantly higher than IL-17 and IFN-γ (similar data were shown in IL-17 compared with TNF-α), suggesting an immunological balance between inflammatory-anti-inflammatory agents. This balance was similar for two groups of patients. In conclusion, these data suggested that (i) patients from Group I had recent lesions (in the beginning of chronic phase) compared to those from Group II and (ii) the modulation of inflammatory response in patients with recent American cutaneous leishmaniasis was correlated with IL-10 expression in skin lesions preventing the development of mucosal forms. The parasite treatment also prevented the evolution of severe forms.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Regional de Sorocaba, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A H S
authors.initials: AHS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Martines
authors.affiliation: Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kanamura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M L P
authors.initials: MLP
authors.lastname: Barbo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Iglezias
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia (LIM-38) Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lauletta Lindoso
authors.affiliation: Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: V L
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3317-195X
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Pereira-Chioccola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001938:Brazil; D018959:CD57 Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000502:physiology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D018959:CD57 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
keywords: 
  Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis
  ; American cutaneous leishmaniasis; pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines