title: Wood combustion particles induce adverse effects to normal and diseased airway epithelia.
abstract: Residential wood burning is a major source of poorly characterized, deleterious particulate matter, whose composition and toxicity may vary with wood type, burning condition and photochemical age. The causative link between ambient wood particle constituents and observed adverse health effects is currently lacking. Here we investigate the relationship between chemical properties of primary and atmospherically aged wood combustion particles and acute toxicity in human airway epithelial cells. Emissions from a log wood burner were diluted and injected into a smog chamber for photochemical aging. After concentration-enrichment and removal of oxidizing gases, directly emitted and atmospherically aged particles were deposited on cell cultures at the air-liquid interface for 2 hours in an aerosol deposition chamber mimicking physiological conditions in lungs. Cell models were fully differentiated normal and diseased (cystic fibrosis and asthma) human bronchial epithelia (HBE) and the bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Cell responses were assessed at 24 hours after aerosol exposure. Atmospherically relevant doses of wood combustion particles significantly increased cell death in all but the asthma cell model. Expression of oxidative stress markers increased in HBE from all donors. Increased cell death and inflammatory responses could not be assigned to a single chemical fraction of the particles. Exposure to primary and aged wood combustion particles caused adverse effects to airway epithelia, apparently induced by several interacting components.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland. josef.dommen@psi.ch.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krapf
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Künzi
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allenbach
authors.forename: Emily A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bruns
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gavarini
authors.forename: Imad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El-Haddad
authors.forename: Jay G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Slowik
authors.forename: André S H
authors.initials: ASH
authors.lastname: Prévôt
authors.forename: Luka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Drinovec
authors.forename: Griša
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Močnik
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dümbgen
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salathe
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baumlin
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sioutas
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Baltensperger
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dommen
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geiser
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter