title: Effect of foot placements during sit to stand transition on timed up and go test in stroke subjects: A cross sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Timed up and go (TUG) test is been used as a screening tool for the assessment of risk of falling in individuals following stroke. Though TUG test is a quick test, it has fair sensitivity compared to other tests. This study was carried out to obtain and compare test scores for different types of foot placements during sit to stand transition in stroke subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Cross-sectional study with purposive sampling included 28 post stroke subjects who were able to walk 6 meter with or without assistance. Timed Up and Go test was carried out with four different types of foot placements and scores were recorded. The data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis One way analysis of variance and Wilcoxon signed ranks test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were comparable differences between asymmetric 1 test strategy which involved affected extremity to be placed behind the unaffected and other test strategies (Z = -4.457,-3.848,-4.458; p = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initial foot placements during sit to stand transition influenced the time taken to complete the test which was significantly higher in asymmetric 1 strategy, Incorporation of the initial foot placement mainly asymmetric 1 strategy into conventional TUG test would help in identifying accurately the subject's functional mobility and postural stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangaluru, India.
authors.forename: Abraham M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Joshua
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangaluru, India.
authors.forename: Shreekanth D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Karnad
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangaluru, India.
authors.forename: Akshatha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangaluru, India.
authors.forename: B V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangaluru, India.
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mithra
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangaluru, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Unnikrishnan
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000379:methods*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: TUG; foot placement; stroke