title: Electronic Dura Mater Meddling in the Central Nervous System.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A growing number of neurologic treatments rely on neural implants capable of delivering electrical and chemical stimulation to targeted regions of the central nervous system for extended periods.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the potential of a novel class of multimodal neural implants, termed electronic dura mater or e-dura, to fulfill this need.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results from preclinical applications of e-dura implants and clinical evidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The silicone-based implant e-dura embeds interconnects, electrodes, and chemotrodes that are entirely stretchable. These unique mechanical properties allow e-dura to conform to the circumvolutions of the brain and spinal cord without damaging neural tissues or triggering foreign body reactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although challenges lie ahead to reach clinical fruition, the unique mechanical properties and integrated modalities of e-dura provide future opportunities to treat or alleviate neurologic deficits.
authors.affiliation: Service de Neurochirurgie, Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuroprosthetics, School of Engineering, Institutes of Microengineering and Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stéphanie P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lacour
authors.affiliation: Service de Neurochirurgie, Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland3Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Grégoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Courtine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062207:Brain-Computer Interfaces; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D012825:Silicon; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D012825:Silicon