title: Engineered polymeric nanoparticles to guide the cellular internalization and trafficking of small interfering ribonucleic acids.
abstract: Ribonucleic acid interference therapy is a promising cancer treatment, which uses small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to target and degrade messenger RNAs. Due to endogenous nuclease activity, siRNA is degraded rapidly, resulting in poor cell uptake and hence specificity. Moreover, it will not readily cross the cell membrane by passive diffusion. In order to take advantage of the therapeutic power of siRNA for the treatment of cancer, specialized delivery vehicles have been designed. In this review, we highlight advances in optimizing nanoparticle functionalization for guided siRNA delivery at the cellular level - that is, promoting cell uptake, escaping the endosome, and releasing siRNA from the delivery vehicle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
authors.forename: Petro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czupiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada. Electronic address: molly.shoichet@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoichet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Cancer therapeutics; Drug delivery; Nanoparticles; Polymers; Trafficking; siRNA