title: Risk analysis of colorectal cancer incidence by gene expression analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Several studies have performed microarray data analyses for cancer classification and prognostic analyses. Microarray assays also enable the identification of gene signatures for molecular characterization and treatment prediction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Microarray gene expression data from the online Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to to distinguish colorectal cancer from normal colon tissue samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected microarray data from the GEO database to establish colorectal cancer microarray gene expression datasets for a combined analysis. Using the Prediction Analysis for Microarrays (PAM) method and the GSEA MSigDB resource, we analyzed the 14,698 genes that were identified through an examination of their expression values between normal and tumor tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten genes (ABCG2,AQP8,SPIB, CA7,CLDN8,SCNN1B,SLC30A10,CD177,PADI2, andTGFBI) were found to be good indicators of the candidate genes that correlate with CRC. From these selected genes, an average of six significant genes were obtained using the PAM method, with an accuracy rate of 95%. The results demonstrate the potential of utilizing a model with the PAM method for data mining. After a detailed review of the published reports, the results confirmed that the screened candidate genes are good indicators for cancer risk analysis using the PAM method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Six genes were selected with 95% accuracy to effectively classify normal and colorectal cancer tissues. We hope that these results will provide the basis for new research projects in clinical practice that aim to rapidly assess colorectal cancer risk using microarray gene expression analysis.
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Chuan
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Shangkuan
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Che
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Section of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Tien
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Section of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-En
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Wuchi, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Wuchi, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hueng-Chuen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kang-Hua
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Section of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huan-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital and Oriental Institute of Technology , New Taipei City , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Cathay General Hospital and School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University , Taipei , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Tay
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Section of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Section of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sui-Lung
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: RN, PhD, Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University & Assistant Research Fellow, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chang
keywords: Cancer; Gene expression; Gene ontology; Microarray analysis; Prediction analysis for microarrays