title: Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Plants from the Genus Sanguisorba L.
abstract: Plants from the genus Sanguisorba have been treated as medicinal ingredients for over 2000 years. This paper reviews advances in the botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the genus. To date, more than 120 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from these plants, especially from S. officinalis and S. minor. Among these compounds, triterpenoids, phenols and flavonoids are the primary biologically active constituents. Triterpenoids can be used as quality control markers to determine the quality of medicinal materials and their preparations. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that plants from the genus Sanguisorba exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including hemostatic, antibacterial, antitumor, neuroprotective and hypoglycemic activities. In Chinese medical practice, many drugs (e.g., tablets and powders) that contain S. officinalis roots have been used to treat leukopenia, hemorrhaging and burns. However, there is still a multitude of Sanguisorba species that have garnered little or no attention. Indeed, there are few reports concerning the clinical use and toxic effects of these plants. Further attention should be focused on the study of these species in order to gather information on their respective toxicology data, any relevant quality-control measures, and the clinical value of the crude extracts, active compounds, and bioactive metabolites from Genus Sanguisorba.
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zefeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.|‡ Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xirui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: ‡ Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Linhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jia Cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Meimei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: † College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003029:Coagulants; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031993:Sanguisorba / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D003029:Coagulants; D005419:Flavonoids; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes
keywords: Antibacterial; Antitumor; Hemostatic; Phenols; Review; Sanguisorba; Triterpenoids