title: Autophagy functions as an antiviral mechanism against geminiviruses in plants.
abstract: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that recycles damaged or unwanted cellular components, and has been linked to plant immunity. However, how autophagy contributes to plant immunity is unknown. Here we reported that the plant autophagic machinery targets the virulence factor βC1 ofCotton leaf curl Multan virus(CLCuMuV) for degradation through its interaction with the key autophagy protein ATG8. A V32A mutation in βC1 abolished its interaction with NbATG8f, and virus carrying βC1V32Ashowed increased symptoms and viral DNA accumulation in plants. Furthermore, silencing of autophagy-related genesATG5andATG7reduced plant resistance to the DNA viruses CLCuMuV,Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, andTomato yellow leaf curl China virus, whereas activating autophagy by silencingGAPCgenes enhanced plant resistance to viral infection. Thus, autophagy represents a novel anti-pathogenic mechanism that plays an important role in antiviral immunity in plants.
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yakupjan
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8559-0238
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haxim
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Asigul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ismayil
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiyin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tianyuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lichao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yunjing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shaojie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jiaxuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yiguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yule
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4423-6045
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy; D000071190:Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D017791:Geminiviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000071190:Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family
keywords: ATG8; Autophagy; antiviral immunity; geminivirus; plant biology; plant-virus interaction; βC1