title: One night of partial sleep deprivation impairs recovery from a single exercise training session.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of sleep deprivation on physical performance are well documented, but data on the consequence of sleep deprivation on recovery from exercise are limited. The aim was to compare cyclists' recovery from a single bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) after which they were given either a normal night of sleep (CON, 7.56 ± 0.63 h) or half of their usual time in bed (DEP, 3.83 ± 0.33 h).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized cross-over intervention study, 16 trained male cyclists (age 32 ± 7 years), relative peak power output (PPO 4.6 ± 0.7 W kg-1) performed a HIIT session at ±18:00 followed by either the CON or DEP sleep condition. Recovery from the HIIT session was assessed the following day by comparing pre-HIIT variables to those measured 12 and 24 h after the session. Following a 2-week washout, cyclists repeated the trial, but under the alternate sleep condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PPO was reduced more 24 h after the HIIT session in the DEP (ΔPPO -0.22 ± 0.22 W kg-1; range -0.75 to 0.1 W kg-1) compared to the CON condition (ΔPPO -0.05 ± 0.09 W kg-1, range -0.19 to 0.17 W kg-1, p = 0.008, d = -2.16). Cyclists were sleepier (12 h: p = 0.002, d = 1.90; 24 h: p = 0.001, d = 1.41) and felt less motivated to train (12 h, p = 0.012, d = -0.89) during the 24 h recovery phase when the HIIT session was followed by the DEP condition. The exercise-induced 24 h reduction in systolic blood pressure observed in the CON condition was absent in the DEP condition (p = 0.039, d = 0.75).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One night of partial sleep deprivation impairs recovery from a single HIIT session in cyclists. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this observation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, Cape Town, 7725, South Africa. Dale.Rae@uct.ac.za.
authors.forename: Dale E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rae
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, Cape Town, 7725, South Africa.
authors.forename: Tayla
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, Cape Town, 7725, South Africa.
authors.forename: Kagiso
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dikgomo
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, Cape Town, 7725, South Africa.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.|Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McKune
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, Cape Town, 7725, South Africa.
authors.forename: Tertius A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Laura C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Roden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015444:Exercise; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Cyclists; High-intensity interval training; Maximal performance; Recovery strategies; Sleep deprivation