title: Evaluation of the effect of cigarette smoking on the olfactory neuroepithelium of New Zealand white rabbit, using scanning electron microscope.
abstract: To detect ultra-structural changes of Rabbit's olfactory neuro-epithelium using scanning electron microscope after exposure to cigarette smoking. Sixty six rabbits (Pathogen free New Zealand white rabbits weighing 1-1.5 kg included in the study were randomly assigned into one of three groups: control group did not expose to cigarette smoking, study group 1 was exposed to cigarette smoking for 3 months and study group 2 was exposed to cigarette smoking 3 months and then stopped for 2 months. Olfactory neuro-epithelium from all rabbits were dissected and examined under Philips XL-30 scanning electron microscope. Changes that were found in the rabbits of study group 1 in comparison to control group were loss of microvilli of sustentacular cells (p = 0.016) and decreases in distribution of specialized cilia of olfactory receptor cells (p = 0.046). Also respiratory metaplasia was detected. These changes were reversible in study group 2. Cigarette smoking causes ultra-structural changes in olfactory neuro-epithelium which may explain why smell was affected in cigarette smokers. Most of these changes were reversible after 45 days of cessation of cigarette smoking to the rabbits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University, Teaching Hospital of Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nagi M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Iskander
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University, Teaching Hospital of Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Diaa M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: El-Hennawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University, Teaching Hospital of Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Yousef
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University, Teaching Hospital of Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. abolobna2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammed T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: El-Tabbakh
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University, Teaching Hospital of Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Elnahriry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000073865:Cigarette Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D012903:Smell / Q000187:drug effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation
keywords: Olfactory neuroepithelium; Scanning electron microscope; Smell disturbances; Smoking effects