title: Effects of Glycyrrhizin on the Differentiation of Myeloid Cells of the Heart and Lungs in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Mice.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of glycyrrhizin (GR) on the ratio of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to cluster of differentiation (CD)11b+Gr1 myeloid cells in the heart and lungs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice.
  
  
  
  Mice were divided into three groups: Control, LPS, and LPS+GR. After intraperitoneal injection of phosphate-buffered saline for the Control group, LPS for the LPS group, and a combination of LPS and GR for the LPS+GR group, fluorescence-activated cell sorting was utilized to evaluate cytokines and immune cells in the blood, heart, and lungs. Histopathologic analysis of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 was also performed.
  
  
  
  The cytokine amounts in the LPS and LPS+GR groups were significantly higher than in the Control group; however, that in the LPS+GR group was significant lower than in the LPS group. The ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells in the LPS+GR group was significantly higher than in the LPS group but was significantly lower than in the Control group. The staining intensity of TLR4 showed the same pattern as that of cytokines in the heart and lungs. TLR4 staining was significantly lower in the LPS+GR group than in the LPS group but was higher than that in the Control group.
  
  
  
  GR exhibited protective effects on the heart and lungs in LPS-induced septic mice. The effects were associated with an elevated ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells and the inhibition of cytokine release and TLR4 expression after GR injection.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea †Department of Microbiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ‡Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea §Department of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Hye
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Ga-Yun
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Byung Ok
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Chung-Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seong-Hyop
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid