title: Pathogen inactivation treatment of plasma and platelet concentrates and their predicted functionality in massive transfusion protocols.
abstract: Trauma transfusion packages for hemorrhage control consist of red blood cells, plasma, and platelets at a set ratio. Although pathogen reduction improves the transfusion safety of platelet and plasma units, there is an associated reduction in quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of riboflavin/ultraviolet light-treated plasma or platelets in transfusion trauma packages composed of red blood cell, plasma, and platelet units in a ratio of 1:1:1 in vitro by modeling transfusion scenarios for trauma patients and assessing function by rotational thromboelastometry.
  
  
  
  Pathogen-reduced or untreated plasma and buffy coat platelet concentrate units produced in plasma were used in different combinations with red blood cells in trauma transfusion packages. After reconstitution of these packages with hemodiluted blood, the hemostatic functionality was analyzed by rotational thromboelastometry.
  
  
  
  Hemostatic profiles of pathogen-inactivated buffy coat platelet concentrate and plasma indicated decreased activity compared with their respective controls. Reconstitution of hemodiluted blood (hematocrit = 20%) with packages that contained treated or nontreated components resulted in increased alpha and maximum clot firmness and enhanced clot-formation time. Simulating transfusion scenarios based on 30% blood replacement with a transfusion trauma package resulted in a nonsignificant difference in rotational thromboelastometry parameters between packages containing treated and nontreated blood components (p ≥ 0.05). Effects of pathogen inactivation treatment were evident when the trauma package percentage was 50% or greater and contained both pathogen inactivation-treated plasma and buffy coat platelet concentrate.
  
  
  
  Rotational thromboelastometry investigations suggest that there is relatively little impact of pathogen inactivation treatment on whole blood clot formation unless large amounts of treated components are used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department Laboratory Medicine, Umm al-Qura University, Makkah Al Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmad F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Arbaeen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Cedric J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Brankica
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Culibrk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Dana V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Devine
mesh_terms: D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D001792:Blood Platelets; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006438:Hemodilution; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma; D011786:Quality Control; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000009:adverse effects; D013916:Thrombelastography / Q000379:methods*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D012256:Riboflavin