title: Fragmentation of Severely Encrusted Ureteral Stent Indwelled for 4 Years in a Boy.
abstract: Four years ago, a 9-year-old boy received percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and a 5F DJS was placed thereafter. The DJS was neglected until it caused serious complications including encrustation involving the whole stent, a 5-cm-diameter vesical stone, fragmentation of DJS, and serious urinary tract infection. For this rare and complex case of pediatric lithotomy, we combined PCNL with the suprapubic cystolithotomy for complete removal of the encrusted stent and associated stones without any complications and the patient was rendered stone- and stent-free safely.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Guangjing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Guojun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Fuli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
keywords: Pediatric urolithiasis; Percutaneous nephrolithotomy; The forgotten double J stent; Vesical calculus