title: Mechanical diagnosis of human erythrocytes by ultra-high speed manipulation unraveled critical time window for global cytoskeletal remodeling.
abstract: Large deformability of erythrocytes in microvasculature is a prerequisite to realize smooth circulation. We develop a novel tool for the three-step "Catch-Load-Launch" manipulation of a human erythrocyte based on an ultra-high speed position control by a microfluidic "robotic pump". Quantification of the erythrocyte shape recovery as a function of loading time uncovered the critical time window for the transition between fast and slow recoveries. The comparison with erythrocytes under depletion of adenosine triphosphate revealed that the cytoskeletal remodeling over a whole cell occurs in 3 orders of magnitude longer timescale than the local dissociation-reassociation of a single spectrin node. Finally, we modeled septic conditions by incubating erythrocytes with endotoxin, and found that the exposure to endotoxin results in a significant delay in the characteristic transition time for cytoskeletal remodeling. The high speed manipulation of erythrocytes with a robotic pump technique allows for high throughput mechanical diagnosis of blood-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 565-0871 Suita, Japan.|Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 565-0871 Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, 464-8603 Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 565-0871 Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Chia-Hung Dylan
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Research Center Borstel, D23845 Borstel, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gutsmann
authors.affiliation: Research Center Borstel, D23845 Borstel, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brandenburg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Clinic of Neonatology, University of Heidelberg, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes M B
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pöschl
authors.affiliation: Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, 464-8603 Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumihito
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 565-0871 Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany.|Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI iCeMS), Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Motomu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate