title: Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Penicillium citrinum Cultured with Different Carbon Sources Identifies Genes Involved in Citrinin Biosynthesis.
abstract: Citrinin is a toxic secondary metabolite ofPenicillium citrinumand its contamination in many food items has been widely reported. However, research on the citrinin biosynthesis pathway and its regulation mechanism inP. citrinumis rarely reported. In this study, we investigated the effect of different carbon sources on citrinin production byP. citrinumand used transcriptome analysis to study the underlying molecular mechanism. Our results indicated that glucose, used as the sole carbon source, could significantly promote citrinin production byP. citrinumin Czapek's broth medium compared with sucrose. A total of 19,967 unigenes were annotated by BLAST in Nr, Nt, Swiss-Prot and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Transcriptome comparison betweenP. citrinumcultured with sucrose and glucose revealed 1085 differentially expressed unigenes. Among them, 610 were upregulated while 475 were downregulated under glucose as compared to sucrose. KEGG pathway and Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that many metabolic processes (e.g., carbohydrate, secondary metabolism, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism) were affected, and potentially interesting genes that encoded putative components of signal transduction, stress response and transcription factor were identified. These genes obviously had important impacts on their regulation in citrinin biosynthesis, which provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of citrinin biosynthesis byP. citrinum.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. wubangcai88@163.com.
authors.forename: Taotao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. 13145206@163.com.
authors.forename: Guoxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. q-hxia@scbg.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Zhong Shan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Zhongshan 528403, China. wrone@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. yehuixiong@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yehui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. qijiejan@163.com.|College of life science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China. qijiejan@163.com.
authors.forename: Qijie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. 18255137100@163.com.|College of life science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China. 18255137100@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. xwduan@scib.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuewu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. xiangrongchu@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiangrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China. hwz@dlnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wenzhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. jswang@uga.edu.
authors.forename: Jiasheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. lianggong@scbg.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. ymjiang@scbg.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yueming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D002953:Citrinin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010407:Penicillium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D002953:Citrinin; D013395:Sucrose; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Penicillium citrinum; citrinin; glucose; polyketide biosynthesis; sucrose