title: Computed tomographic and angiographic assessment of spinal extradural arteriovenous fistulas in a dog.
abstract: A 6-month-old German shepherd dog was presented for progressive paraparesis. Multiple arteriovenous fistulae and hyperostosis of the thoracic vertebrae with secondary thoraco-lumbar spinal cord compression were diagnosed. Arteriovenous spinal fistula is a rare condition but should be considered as a differential diagnosis in young dogs with progressive paraparesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morabito
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Auriemma
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zagarella
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Edy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mercuriali
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Oriol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Domenech
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Gualtiero
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gandini
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gagliardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Morabito, Auriemma, Specchi), Department of Neurology (Zagarella, Mercuriali), and Department of Internal Medicine (Zini), Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy (Gandini); Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland and Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy (Zini); Palermovet Clinic, Viale Regione Siciliana Sud-Est 4111, 90125 Palermo, Italy (Gagliardo).
authors.forename: Swan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Specchi
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D020335:Paraparesis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D013115:Spinal Canal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary