title: Effect ofHelicobacter pylorion metabolic syndrome parameters in diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to survey the effect of Helicobacter Pylori on metabolic syndrome parameters in diabetic patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is the most common infection in developing countries. Some studies showed the association betweenHPinfection and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a major mechanism in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and it is said that MetS is more prevalent among HP infected subjects. Also, some studies have shown that MetS is common among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of MetS in diabetic patients and its association withHP.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was carried out from May to December 2014 on 211 diabetic patients. For each patient, the following data were collected: age, gender, diabetes duration, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, and HbA1c. The lipid profile was performed on fasting samples. Anti- HP IgG antibody was measured and serum titer >30AU/mL was considered positive. MetS was diagnosed by The National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III report (NCEP-ATPIII) and IDF criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally 139 patients (65.9%) were HP+ and 72 patients (34.1%) were HP-. Age, gender and diabetes duration were not significantly different in both groups. BMI was significantly lower in HP+ women (29.05±5.26 vs. 31.45±4.8, p=0.02). Although the waist circumference of men was not different between the two groups but it was significantly lower in HP+ women (102.04±12.37 vs. 97.3±10, p=0.03). Although BP and TG levels were not statistically different in HP+ and HP- patients, but HP+ patients had lower HDL level (p=0.037) which was due to lower HDL in men (58.2±26.6 vs. 72.48±28.1, p=0.012). The prevalence of MetS according to the IDF criteria among HP+ and HP- patients was 76.6% vs. 69.8% (p=0.27). Also, the prevalence of MetS according to NCEP-ATP III criteria among HP+ and HP- patients was 90.4% vs. 87.2% (p=0.5). Duration of diabetes did not affect the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among HP+ and HP- patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that HP infection increases the prevalence of metabolic syndrome through an increase in insulin resistance. According to NCEP-ATPIII criteria, the increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in HP+ patients is almost significant, however more complete studies is recommended to investigate this relationship.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Qom Gastroenterology and Hepatlogy Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Jamshid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vafaeimanesh
authors.affiliation: Qom Gastroenterology and Hepatlogy Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bagherzadeh
authors.affiliation: General Proctitioner, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Atefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Endocrinologist, Qom Gastroenterology and Hepatlogy Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parham
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norouzinia
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vafaee
keywords: Diabetes; Helicobacter pylori; metabolic syndrome