title: Components of the folate metabolic pathway and ADHD core traits: an exploration in eastern Indian probands.
abstract: We investigated role of the folate-homocysteine metabolic pathway in the etiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) due to its importance in maintaining DNA integrity as well as neurotransmission. Functional gene variants in MTR (rs1805087), CBS (rs5742905), MTHFR (rs1801133 &rs1801131), MTHFD (rs2236225), RFC1 (rs1051266), plasma vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine were analyzed. rs1805087 'A' showed strong association with ADHD. Vitamin B12 deficiency of ADHD probands (P=0.01) correlated with rs1801133 'T' and rs1805087'GG'. Mild hyperhomocysteinemia (P=0.05) in the probands was associated with rs1805087 'AA'. Probands having rs1805087 'GG' and rs1051266 'G' was more inattentive. Hyperactivity-impulsivity score revealed association with rs5742905 'TT' and rs2236225 'CC', while rs1801133 'CC' showed association with inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. rs1801131 exhibited strong synergistic interaction with rs1051266 and rs2236225. This indicated that the folate-homocysteine pathway gene variants may affect ADHD etiology through mild hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin B12 deficiency, factors known to be associated with cognitive deficit.
authors.affiliation: Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Manovikas Kendra, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Tanusree
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Manovikas Kendra, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Mahasweta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Out Patient Department, Manovikas Kendra, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Swagata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.affiliation: Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Manovikas Kendra, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rajamma
authors.affiliation: Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Manovikas Kendra, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Kanchan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001519:Behavior; D001724:Birth Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome; D010641:Phenotype; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12