title: MYC: Master Regulator of Immune Privilege.
abstract: Cancers are often initiated by genetic events that activate proto-oncogenes or inactivate tumor-suppressor genes. These events are also crucial for sustained tumor cell proliferation and survival, a phenomenon described as oncogene addiction. In addition to this cell-intrinsic role, recent evidence indicates that oncogenes also directly regulate immune responses, leading to immunosuppression. Expression of many oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors induces the expression of immune checkpoints that regulate the immune response, such as PD-L1. We discuss here how oncogenes, and in particular MYC, suppress immune surveillance, and how oncogene-targeted therapies may restore the immune response against tumors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baylot
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: dfelsher@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Dean W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Felsher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance; D056747:Immunomodulation; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000276:immunology*; D019139:Tumor Escape; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C489427:MYC protein, human; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins