title: A case study of multi-seam coal mine entry stability analysis with strength reduction method.
abstract: In this paper, the advantage of using numerical models with the strength reduction method (SRM) to evaluate entry stability in complex multiple-seam conditions is demonstrated. A coal mine under variable topography from the Central Appalachian region is used as a case study. At this mine, unexpected roof conditions were encountered during development below previously mined panels. Stress mapping and observation of ground conditions were used to quantify the success of entry support systems in three room-and-pillar panels. Numerical model analyses were initially conducted to estimate the stresses induced by the multiple-seam mining at the locations of the affected entries. The SRM was used to quantify the stability factor of the supported roof of the entries at selected locations. The SRM-calculated stability factors were compared with observations made during the site visits, and the results demonstrate that the SRM adequately identifies the unexpected roof conditions in this complex case. It is concluded that the SRM can be used to effectively evaluate the likely success of roof supports and the stability condition of entries in coal mines.
authors.affiliation: Ground Control Branch NIOSH, Office of Mine Safety and Health Research Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA.
authors.forename: Ihsan Berk
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Tulu
authors.affiliation: Ground Control Branch NIOSH, Office of Mine Safety and Health Research Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Esterhuizen
authors.affiliation: Ground Control Branch NIOSH, Office of Mine Safety and Health Research Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA.
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klemetti
authors.affiliation: Ground Control Branch NIOSH, Office of Mine Safety and Health Research Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Lone Mountain Processing Inc., St. Charles, VA 24282, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sumner
authors.affiliation: Lone Mountain Processing Inc., St. Charles, VA 24282, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sloan
keywords: Coal mine ground control; FLAC3D; Multiple seam mining; Phase 2; Roof supports; Strength reduction method