title: Hypolipidaemic effect and mechanism of paprika seed oil on Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Details regarding the functional properties of paprika seed oil are relatively scarce. In this study the hypolipidaemic effects and mechanisms of paprika seed oil on Sprague-Dawley rats are explored, which may improve the usage of paprika seed source and provide a theoretical basis of paprika seed oil for the alleviation of hyperlipidaemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In capsaicin and paprika seed oil (PSO) groups, total cholesterol (TC) and total triglyceride (TG) in serum and liver lipids of rats were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The contents of serum HDL cholesterol were increased and the contents of serum LDL cholesterol were decreased (P < 0.05). Real-time PCR analyses revealed that the hepatic mRNA expression of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) is decreased and the expression levels of HSL is increased (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) is decreased and the expression levels of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is significantly improved (P < 0.05). The cholesterol 7-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression is regulated to control the cholesterol-to-bile acid transformation and cholesterol excretion is promoted. Capsaicin and unsaturated fatty acid PSO can activate and improve the mRNA expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPARα).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypolipidaemic effects of paprika seed oil (PSO) may be attributed to the inhibition of lipid synthesis via suppressing the expression of HMG-CoAR, CYP7A1 and FAS, meanwhile, promoting the metabolism and excretion of lipids via up-regulating the expression of LDLR, HSL, TRPV1 and PPARα. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.|Laboratory of Quality 1 Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.|Laboratory of Quality 1 Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yongbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.|Laboratory of Quality 1 Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.|Laboratory of Quality 1 Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jianquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D047493:PPAR alpha; D010938:Plant Oils; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase
keywords: capsaicin; hyperlipidaemic rats; hypolipidaemic effects; mRNA expression; male SD rats; paprika seed oil