title: Gender Differences and Predictors of Work Hours in a Sample of Ontario Dentists.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the influence of gender on weekly work hours of Ontario dentists.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2012, a 52-item survey was sent to a random sample of 3000 Ontario dentists (1500 men and 1500 women) to collect information on personal, professional and sociodemographic characteristics. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 867 respondents included 463 men, 401 women and 3 people whose gender was unreported, yielding a response rate of 29%.Most dentists worked full-time, with men working, on average, 2 h/week longer than women. Younger dentists worked more than older dentists. Practice ownership increased weekly work hours, and men reported ownership more often than women. Canadian-trained women worked significantly fewer hours than those trained internationally. Women were more likely than men to work part time and take parental leave and more often reported being primary caregivers and solely responsible for household chores. Women with partner support for such tasks worked more hours than those who were solely responsible. Dentists with children ≤ 3 years of age worked fewer hours than those without children; however, after controlling for spousal responsibility for caregiver duties, this effect was eliminated. More women than men reported making concessions in their career to devote time to family.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gender, age, practice ownership, training location and degree of spousal support for household and caregiving responsibilities were predictors of weekly work hours. For women specifically, training location and household and caregiving responsibilities predicted weekly work hours.
authors.forename: Julia C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Atyub
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Jodi L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Faahim
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quiñonez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003815:Dentists; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D010067:Ownership; D011215:Practice Management, Dental; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016526:Workload