title: Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
abstract: In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween®80 at various concentrations. The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Drug release behaviour was assessed in vitro (buffer pH6.8). SEM revealed film morphology and mean fibre diameter was dependent on the process formulation. INDO was encapsulated in the amorphous state once electrospun as evidenced from DSC and XRD studies. The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices was confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms. Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented. This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nazari
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kontogiannidou
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Rita Haj
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Aggeliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gratsani
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Manoochehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasekh
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Muhammad Sohail
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arshad
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK; Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tandoga 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burde Suheyla
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Sunar
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armitage
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Patras, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ICE-HT), P.O. Box 1414, GR 26504, Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bouropoulos
authors.affiliation: College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Wei
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: dfatouro@pharm.auth.gr.
authors.forename: Dimitrios G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fatouros
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK. Electronic address: zahmad@dmu.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Zeeshan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D065546:Drug Liberation; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D011136:Polysorbates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D002482:Cellulose; D011205:Povidone; D007213:Indomethacin
keywords: Buccal delivery; Electrospinning; Fibres; In vitro studies; Indomethacin