title: Transforming conservation science and practice for a postnormal world.
abstract: We examine issues to consider when reframing conservation science and practice in the context of global change. New framings of the links between ecosystems and society are emerging that are changing peoples' values and expectations of nature, resulting in plural perspectives on conservation. Reframing conservation for global change can thus be regarded as a stage in the evolving relationship between people and nature rather than some recent trend. New models of how conservation links with transformative adaptation include how decision contexts for conservation can be reframed and integrated with an adaptation pathways approach to create new options for global-change-ready conservation. New relationships for conservation science and governance include coproduction of knowledge that supports social learning. New processes for implementing adaptation for conservation outcomes include deliberate practices used to develop new strategies, shift world views, work with conflict, address power and intergenerational equity in decisions, and build consciousness and creativity that empower agents to act. We argue that reframing conservation for global change requires scientists and practitioners to implement approaches unconstrained by discipline and sectoral boundaries, geopolitical polarities, or technical problematization. We consider a stronger focus on inclusive creation of knowledge and the interaction of this knowledge with societal values and rules is likely to result in conservation science and practice that meets the challenges of a postnormal world.
authors.affiliation: Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.|Enabling Adaptation Pathways Project, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Colloff
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lavorel
authors.affiliation: Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Lorrae E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: van Kerkhoff
authors.affiliation: Luc Hoffmann Institute, WWF International and College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT, 59801, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Carina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Wyborn
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Change and Human Resilience (CECHR), School of the Environment, University of Dundee, Perth Road, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Scotland, U.K.
authors.forename: Ioan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fazey
authors.affiliation: Enabling Adaptation Pathways Project, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gorddard
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K.
authors.forename: Georgina M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mace
authors.affiliation: Climate Change Specialist Group, Species Survival Commission, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 28 rue Mauverney, Gland, CH-1196, Switzerland.|Global Change and Biodiversity Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
authors.forename: Wendy B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Foden
authors.affiliation: Enabling Adaptation Pathways Project, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.affiliation: Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment and Grantham Institute - Climate Change and the Environment, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, U.K.
authors.forename: I Colin
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Prentice
authors.affiliation: Social and Human Sciences Sector - Division of Social Transformations and Intercultural Dialogue, UNESCO, 7 place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leadley
authors.affiliation: Ministère de l'Écologie, du Développement durable et de l'Énergie, 92055 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Degeorges
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D017753:Ecosystem; D006801:Humans
keywords: adaptation pathways; adaptation services; adaptive governance; aprendizaje; cambio global; co-producción; conocimiento-reglas-valores; coproduction; global change; gobernanza adaptativa; learning; servicios de adaptación; transformación; transformation; values-rules-knowledge; vías de adaptación