title: Phytochemical screening and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the indigenous medicinal plant Albizia odoratissima.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Albizia odoratissima (L. f.) Benth has been used in Indian folk medicine to treat numerous inflammatory pathologies, such as leprosy, ulcers, burns and asthma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of A. odoratissima.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dried leaves of A. odoratissima were extracted in organic solvents (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The antioxidant activity was examined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The antibacterial activity was examined using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), determined by broth microdilution method against Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus vulgaris) and Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TPC ranged from 4.40 ± 1.06 to 1166.66 ± 31.85 mg GAE/g of dry weight (DW), and the TFC ranged from 48.35 ± 3.62 to 109.74 ± 1.84 mg QE/g of DW. The IC50values of the ethyl acetate extract for DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2were 10.96 ± 0.40, 4.35 ± 0.07, and 163.82 ± 1.52 μg/mL, respectively. Both methanol and ethyl acetate extracts demonstrated effective antibacterial activity with MICs and MBCs values ranging 136-546 μg/mL and 273-1093 μg/mL, respectively, against the tested pathogenic species.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The leaves of A. odoratissima showed potent free radical scavenging property and antimicrobial activity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Bio-Technology , Center for Bio-Technology, Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
authors.forename: Venkanna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Banothu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Bio-Technology , Center for Bio-Technology, Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
authors.forename: Chandrasekharnath
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neelagiri
authors.affiliation: a Department of Bio-Technology , Center for Bio-Technology, Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Adepally
authors.affiliation: b Department of Microbiology , Osmania Medical College , Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
authors.forename: Jayalakshmi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lingam
authors.affiliation: a Department of Bio-Technology , Center for Bio-Technology, Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad , Hyderabad , Telangana , India.
authors.forename: Kesavaharshini
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bommareddy
mesh_terms: D031289:Albizzia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; C024555:ferric chloride
keywords: Agar well diffusion; radical scavenging activity; secondary metabolites; total flavonoids; total phenolics