title: Clinical Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Conditional and Nonconditional Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared risks associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with non-MRI conditional and MRI conditional pacing and defibrillator systems with particular attention to clinically actionable outcomes.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  While recipients of new MRI conditional pacemaker and defibrillator systems may undergo MRI scanning with very low risk, safety and regulatory concerns persist regarding such scanning in recipients of non-MRI conditional systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with any cardiac device who were referred for MRI were prospectively enrolled at a single center and underwent scanning at 1.5 Tesla. Pre- and postscan lead characteristic changes, system integrity, and symptoms were analyzed. A comparison was made between non-MRI conditional and MRI conditional devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  105 patients were evaluated allowing for comparison of 97 scans with non-MRI conditional devices and 16 scans with MRI conditional devices. The cohort included those with pacemaker dependency, defibrillator, and cardiac resynchronization devices. Small, nonsignificant changes were observed in lead characteristics following scanning, and there was no significant difference when comparing non-MRI and MRI conditional devices. Lead parameter changes did not require lead revision or programming changes. No device reset, failures, or premature scan termination was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1.5 T MRI scanning in patients with MRI conditional and non-MRI conditional cardiac devices was performed with similar, low clinical risk.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Anand D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Adarsh U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knezevic
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hoskins
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hirsh
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Faisal M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Merchant
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Mikhael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: El Chami
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Delurgio
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Anshul M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Angel R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Leon
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Langberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lloyd
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015984:Causality; D000075202:Contraindications; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004556:Electric Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005845:Georgia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: MRI; defibrillation-ICD; imaging; pacing