title: Enterovirus D68-Associated Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Pediatric Age Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the role of Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EV-D68 is an emergent viral pathogen. Since its first isolation in 1962 in California in four children suffering from CAP and bronchiolitis, EV-D68 has been rarely detected from respiratory specimens. However, recently, EV-D68 infection has raised concerns in the international community because of outbreaks in 2014 in the USA and the increased number of children with EV-D68-associated severe respiratory illnesses, including pneumonia, that have been reported in many other countries around the world. EV-D68 causes severe and life-threatening respiratory diseases in the pediatric population, particularly in children with underlying conditions such as prematurity or chronic diseases. Since no specific treatment or vaccinations are available for EV-D68 infections, greater surveillance as well as the use of sensitive and rapid diagnostic methods are essential to prevent and manage new outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bosis
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. susanna.esposito@unimi.it.|Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Menghini 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy. susanna.esposito@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esposito
keywords: Children; Community-acquired pneumonia; EV-D68; Enterovirus D68; Respiratory distress; Respiratory tract infections