title: Suicide, unemployment, and economic recession in Spain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present work is to determine the association between unemployment and suicide, and to investigate whether this association is affected by changes in the economic cycle or other variables such as age and sex.
  
  
  METHODS
  A time-trend analysis was conducted to study changes in the number of suicides between 1999 and 2013 in Spain. Pearson's correlation coefficients and regression models were used to find the association between unemployment and suicide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant positive association was found between unemployment and suicide in the pre-crisis period in men. In that period (1999-2007), each 1% annual increase in unemployment was associated with a 6.90% increase in the annual variation of suicide in the total population, and with a 9.04% increase in the annual variation of suicide in working age men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The correlation between unemployment and suicide is significant in periods of economic stability, but has weakened during the recent financial crisis. Unemployment and suicide have a complex relationship modulated by age, sex and economic cycle.
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Asturias, España. Electronic address: icelso@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Celso
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iglesias-García
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: Pilar A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sáiz
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burón
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Construcción e Ingeniería de Fabricación, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Lasheras
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Treviño
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernández-Artamendi
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Halabí
authors.affiliation: National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Irlanda.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: M Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: García-Portilla
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, España; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, INEUROPA, Oviedo, España; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bobes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D057172:Economic Recession / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013405:Suicide / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Desempleo; Economic Recession; Epidemiology; Epidemiología; España; Recesión económica; Spain; Suicide; Suicidio; Unemployment