title: Assessment of anti-cancerous potential of 6-gingerol (Tongling White Ginger) and its synergy with drugs on human cervical adenocarcinoma cells.
abstract: The anti-cancerous activity of 6-gingerol extracted from Tongling White Ginger was investigated. 6-Gingerol inhibited the growth of HeLa cells with IC50 (96.32 μM) and IC80 (133.01 μM) and led to morphological changes, induced the cell cycle arrest in G0/G1-phase and ultimately resulted into apoptosis. Among cell cycle-related genes and proteins, the expression of cyclin (A, D1, E1) reduced, while of CDK-1, p21 and p27 showed slight decrease, except cyclin B1 and E1 (protein). Western blotting reported the induction of apoptosis with an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, release of cytochrome c, cleavage of caspase-3, -8, -9 and PRPP in treated cells. 6-Gingerol activated AMPK, but inhibited PI3K/AKT phosphorylation with reduced P70S6K expression and also suppressed the mTOR phosphorylation. 6-Gingerol with 5-FU and Ptx resulted in 83.2% and 52% inhibition respectively, this synergy have stimulated apoptosis proteins more efficiently as compared to 6-Gingerol alone (10.75%) under in vitro conditions.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: china_zhangfang@163.com.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhangjianguo@hfut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: qu920421@163.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 1373831033@qq.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA. Electronic address: cprasad@mail.twu.edu.
authors.forename: Chandan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zjwei@hfut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhao-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002396:Catechols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; C007845:gingerol; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D053148:Caspase 3; D005472:Fluorouracil
keywords: 6-Gingerol; Anti-cancerous activities; Combination; Tongling White Ginger