title: Tumor specific regulatory T cells in the bone marrow of breast cancer patients selectively upregulate the emigration receptor S1P1.
abstract: Regulatory T cells (Treg) hamper anti-tumor T-cell responses resulting in reduced survival and failure of cancer immunotherapy. Among lymphoid organs, the bone marrow (BM) is a major site of Treg residence and recirculation. However, the process governing the emigration of Treg from BM into the circulation remains elusive. We here show that breast cancer patients harbour reduced Treg frequencies in the BM as compared to healthy individuals or the blood. This was particularly the case for tumor antigen-specific Treg which were quantified by MHCII tumor peptide loaded tetramers. We further demonstrate that decreased Treg distribution in the BM correlated with increased Treg redistribution to tumor tissue, suggesting that TCR triggering induces a translocation of Treg from the BM into tumor tissue. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1)-which is known to mediate exit of immune cells from lymphoid organs was selectively expressed by tumor antigen-specific BM Treg. S1P1 expression could be induced in Treg by BM-resident antigen-presenting cells (BMAPCs) in conjunction with TCR stimulation, but not by TCR stimulation or BMAPCs alone and triggered the migration of Treg but not conventional T cells (Tcon) to its ligand Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Interestingly, we detected marked S1P gradients between PB and BM in breast cancer patients but not in healthy individuals. Taken together, our data suggest a role for S1P1 in mediating the selective mobilization of tumor specific Treg from the BM of breast cancer patients and their translocation into tumor tissue.
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational Immunology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.|Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology and University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anchana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rathinasamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Domschke
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational Immunology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Yingzi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational Immunology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Henning
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Böhm
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dettling
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany.|Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lasitschka
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational Immunology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Umansky
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), and Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gräler
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herold-Mende
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schuetz
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational Immunology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany. philipp.beckhove@ukr.de.|Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology and University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany. philipp.beckhove@ukr.de.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-5576
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beckhove
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid
keywords: Antigen-specific regulatory T cells; Bone marrow; Breast cancer patients; Exit; Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1