title: Pulmonary cement embolism in a child following total elbow replacement for primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) of the humerus.
abstract: Pulmonary bone cement embolism (PCE) is an uncommon event occurring after implantation of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in orthopaedic surgeries involving adult patients, more so in the elderly. Its incidence in the paediatric population is extremely rare. We herein describe a case of PCE in a 15-year-old girl, 9 days after she underwent total elbow replacement with PMMA placement for a primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) of the distal humerus. This report describes the occurrence of a common post-operative complication of bone cement embolism in an uncommon scenario of total elbow replacement for a bone tumour in a child, which masqueraded initially as acute pneumonitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology (Paediatric), Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr. E. Borges Road Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India. ped.doc.subbu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Subramaniam
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5299-2265
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology (Paediatric), Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr. E. Borges Road Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
authors.forename: Tushar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vora
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology (Orthopaedic), Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulia
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Subhash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057929:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Elbow; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000601:surgery; D018242:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / Q000601:surgery*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D011859:Radiography; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D001843:Bone Cements; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Child; Primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET); Pulmonary cement embolism; Total elbow replacement