title: Surgical management of primary, metastatic and recurrent anal sac adenocarcinoma in the dog: 52 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the outcomes and complications of a cohort of dogs with primary and recurrent anal sac adenocarcinoma managed with surgery as the first-line treatment. To report the use of lymph node cytology for identification of metastatic disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of case records of a single referral centre population of dogs diagnosed with anal sac adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-two clinical cases were identified. Altered ultrasonographic appearance of lymph nodes was highly consistent with metastatic disease as assessed by cytology and histopathology. Seven of 58 (12%) perineal surgeries had reported minor complications and seven (12%) others required further surgical intervention. Minor controllable intraoperative bleeding was the only complication noted associated with lymph node extirpation in two of 39 (5%) metastectomy procedures. Six dogs (12%) suffered local recurrence and 22 (42%) developed subsequent or recurrent nodal metastatic disease. From the time of detection of disease recurrence, median additional survival associated with a second surgical intervention was 283 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coeliotomy for lymph node metastatectomy in dogs with adenocarcinoma of the anal sac has low morbidity and should be considered in patients presenting with evidence of regional metastatic disease both at initial presentation and with recurrent disease.
authors.affiliation: Dick White Referrals, Six-Mile-Bottom, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: Dick White Referrals, Six-Mile-Bottom, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Demetriou
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D000694:Anal Gland Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D000695:Anal Sacs / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012189:Retrospective Studies