title: New development in CAR-T cell therapy.
abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells (CAR-T cells) have yielded unprecedented efficacy in B cell malignancies, most remarkably in anti-CD19 CAR-T cells for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with up to a 90% complete remission rate. However, tumor antigen escape has emerged as a main challenge for the long-term disease control of this promising immunotherapy in B cell malignancies. In addition, this success has encountered significant hurdles in translation to solid tumors, and the safety of the on-target/off-tumor recognition of normal tissues is one of the main reasons. In this mini-review, we characterize some of the mechanisms for antigen loss relapse and new strategies to address this issue. In addition, we discuss some novel CAR designs that are being considered to enhance the safety of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Zhenguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China. hanwdrsw69@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D015452:Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D012008:Recurrence; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
keywords: Adoptive cell therapy; CAR-T; Cancer treatment; Chimeric antigen receptor; Engineered T cells