title: Skills Training via Smartphone App for University Students with Excessive Alcohol Consumption: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: University students in a study on estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC) feedback apps were offered participation in a second study, if reporting continued excessive consumption at 6-week follow-up. This study evaluated the effects on excessive alcohol consumption of offering access to an additional skills training app.
  
  
  
  A total of 186 students with excessive alcohol consumption were randomized to an intervention group or a wait list group. Both groups completed online follow-ups regarding alcohol consumption after 6 and 12 weeks. Wait list participants were given access to the intervention at 6-week follow-up. Assessment-only controls (n = 144) with excessive alcohol consumption from the ongoing study were used for comparison.
  
  
  
  The proportion of participants with excessive alcohol consumption declined in both intervention and wait list groups compared to controls at first (p < 0.001) and second follow-ups (p = 0.054). Secondary analyses showed reductions for the intervention group in quantity of drinking at first follow-up (-4.76, 95% CI [-6.67, -2.85], Z = -2.09, p = 0.037) and in frequency of drinking at both follow-ups (-0.83, 95% CI [-1.14, -0.52], Z = -2.04, p = 0.041; -0.89, 95% CI [-1.16, -0.62], Z = -2.12, p = 0.034). The odds ratio for not having excessive alcohol consumption among men in the intervention group compared to male controls was 2.68, 95% CI [1.37, 5.25] (Z = 2.88, p = 0.004); the figure for women was 1.71, 95% CI [1.11, 2.64] (Z = 2.41, p = 0.016).
  
  
  
  Skills training apps have potential for reducing excessive alcohol use among university students. Future research is still needed to disentangle effects of app use from emailed feedback on excessive alcohol consumption and study participation.
  
  
  
  NCT02064998.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, plan 7, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden. mikael.gajecki@ki.se.|Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders, Stockholm, Sweden. mikael.gajecki@ki.se.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0987-9010
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gajecki
authors.affiliation: Department of Criminology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Claes
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, plan 7, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ingvar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosendahl
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, plan 7, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sinadinovic
authors.affiliation: Liquid Media AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fredriksson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, plan 7, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anne H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Berman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000067401:Blood Alcohol Content; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D063731:Mobile Applications; D000068997:Smartphone; D013334:Students; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000067401:Blood Alcohol Content
keywords: Alcohol abuse; Brief intervention; College; Mobile phone; Problem drinking; Randomized controlled trial; Relapse prevention; Smartphone; University; eHealth; mHealth