title: Low-load resistance training with low relative pressure produces muscular changes similar to high-load resistance training.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study compares the acute and chronic response of high-load resistance training (HL) to low-load resistance training with low blood flow restriction (LL-BFR) pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants completed elbow flexion with either HL or LL-BFR or nonexercise. In the chronic study, participants in the HL and LL-BFR groups were trained for 8 weeks to determine differences in muscle size and strength. The acute study examined the changes in pretesting/posttesting (Pre/Post) torque, muscle swelling, and blood lactate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the chronic study, similar changes in muscle size and strength were observed for both HL and LL-BFR. In the acute study, Pre/Post changes in the torque, muscle swelling, and blood lactate were similar between HL and LL-BFR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that pressure as low as 50% arterial occlusion can produce similar changes in muscle mass and strength compared with traditional HL. Muscle Nerve 56: E126-E133, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-Ro 77 Education Building 5-302, Buk-Gu, Gwang-Ju, South Korea, 61186.
authors.forename: Daeyeol
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Loenneke
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bemben
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: Travis W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bemben
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: acute responses; cell swelling; elbow flexor training; exercise; hypertrophy; occlusion training