title: Brief Report: CD14+ Enriched Peripheral Cells Secrete Cytokines Unique to HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.
abstract: Monocytes play a vital role in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), postulated to transport HIV into the brain and secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines. We analyzed cytokines released by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells enriched with the CD14 marker isolated from HIV-infected individuals with HAND and normal cognition (NC) in combination antiretroviral therapy naive and after 1 year on treatment. Interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were higher in HAND compared with NC at baseline (P = 0.002 and P < 0.0001). These cytokines remained higher in HAND patients 1 year after combination antiretroviral therapy and were significant when NC patients who were initially HAND were excluded (P = 0.012 and P = 0.002). Both correlated with baseline CD14 peripheral blood mononuclear cell HIV DNA levels supporting the role of HIV DNA reservoir size and monocyte cytokines in HAND persistence.
authors.affiliation: *Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI;†Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand;‡Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;§SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok, Thailand;‖US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD;¶Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD;#Biostatistics and Data Management Core, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; and**Department of Retrovirology, US Army Medical Component-Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Agsalda-Garcia
authors.forename: Pasiri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sithinamsuwan
authors.forename: Victor G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Valcour
authors.forename: Thep
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chalermchai
authors.forename: Somporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tipsuk
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Christie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Jintanat
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ananworanich
authors.forename: Guangxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuetz
authors.forename: Bonnie M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Slike
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shiramizu
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors