title: Anti-CTLA-4 therapy for malignant mesothelioma.
abstract: Immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy with a promising clinical outcome in some solid tumors, particularly metastatic melanoma. One approach to immunotherapy is immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as blockage of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1. This special report aims to describe the state of clinical trials of tremelimumab in patients with unresectable malignant mesothelioma (MM) in particular with regard to the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability. Criticism and perspective of this treatment are also discussed. Biological and clinical considerations rule out the use of tremelimumab as single agent for MM and, more generally, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for MM is still largely questionable and not supported by evidences.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guazzelli
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Emyr
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krstic-Demonacos
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lisanti
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sotgia
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mutti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D000086002:Mesothelioma, Malignant; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; C520704:tremelimumab
keywords: anti-CLTA-4; immunotherapy; malignant mesothelioma