title: Increased Consumption of Fruit and Vegetables Is Related to a Reduced Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Meta-Analysis.
abstract: Background:Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in many epidemiological studies. The purpose of this study was to assess the strength of this association in a meta-analysis.Methods:We identified relevant studies by searching Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases (from 1970 to January 2016). Study were included if they reported relative risks and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cognitive impairment and dementia with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake.Results:Nine studies (five cohort studies and four cross-sectional studies) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. There were a total of 31,104 participants and 4,583 incident cases of cognitive impairment and dementia. The meta-analysis showed that an increased consumption of fruit and vegetables was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.71-0.89). Subgroup analysis indicated this inverse association was only found among participants with mean age over 65 years and combined sexes. Dose-response meta-analysis showed that an increment of 100 g per day of fruit and vegetable consumption was related to an approximately 13% (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.99) reduction in cognitive impairment and dementia risk. There was no potential publication bias in the meta-analysis and the dose-response meta-analysis.Conclusion:The increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China.
authors.forename: Daqiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jicheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: cognitive impairment; dementia; fruit; meta-analysis; vegetable