title: Identification and Quantification of Human Brown Adipose Tissue.
abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has attracted significant interest as a potential target tissue against obesity and its associated metabolic perturbations. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of some of the methodological approaches that can be used to identify and quantify BAT in people. Specifically, we will provide a step-by-step description of the following procedures: quantification of BAT in vivo using positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose (18F-FDG) as a tracer, mitochondrial respiration, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene and protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.|Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chondronikola
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.|Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.|Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Ogunbileje
authors.affiliation: Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece. lss133@rci.rutgers.edu.|Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA. lss133@rci.rutgers.edu.|Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA. lss133@rci.rutgers.edu.|Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. lss133@rci.rutgers.edu.|Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. lss133@rci.rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Labros S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sidossis
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D019069:Cell Respiration; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose; Biopsy; Brown adipose tissue; Positron emission tomography-computed tomography; Uncoupling protein 1