title: Orthodontic archwire composition and phase analyses by neutron spectroscopy.
abstract: Quantitative metallurgical and phase analyses employing neutron diffraction technique were conducted on two as-received commercial rectangular austenitic stainless steel orthodontic archwires, G&H and Azdent, 0.43×0.64 mm (0.017×0.025 inch). Results showed a bi-phase structure containing martensitic phase (45.67% for G&H and 6.62% for Azdent) in addition to the expected metastable austenite. The former may be a strain-induced phase-transformation arising during the cold working process of wire fabrication. Further neutron resonance capture analysis determinations provided atomic and isotopic compositions, including alloying elements in each sample, complementary to the results of traditional energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Together, these results assist in relating commercial alloying recipes and processing histories with mechanical performance, strength and ductility in particular.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|NAST Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Global Institute of Computational Molecular and Materials Science.
authors.forename: Kun V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: NAST Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Enrico Fermi Historic Museum of Physics and Research Center.|CNR-IC Institute of Crystallography.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Festa
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Basoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata.
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Laganà
authors.affiliation: Science and Technology Facility Council, ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scherillo
authors.affiliation: NAST Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Enrico Fermi Historic Museum of Physics and Research Center.|CNR-IPCF Institute for the Chemical and Physical Processes.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andreani
authors.affiliation: The Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata.
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bollero
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|NAST Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Licoccia
authors.affiliation: NAST Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Enrico Fermi Historic Museum of Physics and Research Center.|CNR-IPCF Institute for the Chemical and Physical Processes.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Senesi
authors.affiliation: NAST Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata.|Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cozza
mesh_terms: D003722:Dental Alloys; D008422:Materials Testing; D009502:Neutrons; D009532:Nickel; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013193:Stainless Steel; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D013193:Stainless Steel; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Martensite; Neutron diffraction; Orthodontic archwire; Phase transformation; Stainless steel