title: Oxidative and carbonyl stress in pregnant women with obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to sleep-disordered breathing. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in pregnancy is associated with poor pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Oxidative stress caused by intermittent hypoxemia and reoxygenation may impact pregnancy health. We hypothesize that pregnant women with OSA have a pronounced oxidative stress profile.
  
  
  
  A case-control study was performed to study oxidative stress markers in the serum of pregnant women with or without OSA. Patients with OSA were identified between 2003 and 2009. Contemporaneous controls were pregnant subjects without apnea, gasping, or snoring around the time of delivery. Serum markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress were measured by spectrophotometric/fluorometric methods. Multiple linear regression analysis was used with a model including age, body mass index at delivery, history of diabetes, and gestational age.
  
  
  
  Serum samples from 23 OSA cases and 41 controls were identified. Advanced oxidation protein products, a marker for oxidative stress, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a marker for carbonyl stress, were significantly lower in women with OSA than in controls (p value <0.0001). Total antioxidant capacity was higher in women with OSA in comparison to controls (p value <0.0001). The difference in AGEs remained significant even after adjusting for confounders.
  
  
  
  Contrary to our hypothesis, the results of this study suggest that pregnant women with OSA have higher antioxidant capacity and lower oxidative and carbonyl stress markers compared to controls, suggesting a possible protective effect of intermittent hypoxia. Whether OSA in pregnancy impacts oxidative stress differently than OSA in the general population remains to be confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.|The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
authors.forename: Nazia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.|Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital of RI, 70 Elm Street, Providence, RI, 02905, USA.
authors.forename: Geralyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lambert-Messerlian
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
authors.forename: Joao Filipe
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 5th floor, 811 08, Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.|Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Julius
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hodosy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 5th floor, 811 08, Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.|Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Ľubomíra
authors.initials: Ľ
authors.lastname: Tóthová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 5th floor, 811 08, Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.|Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Celec
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital of RI, 70 Elm Street, Providence, RI, 02905, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eklund
authors.affiliation: Women's Medicine Collaborative, The Miriam Hospital, 146 West River St, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. Ghada_Bourjeily@brown.edu.|The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA. Ghada_Bourjeily@brown.edu.|Women's Medicine Collaborative, The Miriam Hospital, 146 West River St, Providence, RI, USA. Ghada_Bourjeily@brown.edu.|Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and Obstetric Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. Ghada_Bourjeily@brown.edu.
authors.forename: Ghada
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0543-4719
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bourjeily
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011247:Pregnancy; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism*
keywords: Carbonyl stress; Obstructive sleep apnea; Oxidative stress; Pregnancy; Sleep-disordered breathing