title: Mast Cells Promote Seasonal White Adipose Beiging in Humans.
abstract: Human subcutaneous (SC) white adipose tissue (WAT) increases the expression of beige adipocyte genes in the winter. Studies in rodents suggest that a number of immune mediators are important in the beiging response. We studied the seasonal beiging response in SC WAT from lean humans. We measured the gene expression of various immune cell markers and performed multivariate analysis of the gene expression data to identify genes that predict UCP1. Interleukin (IL)-4 and, unexpectedly, the mast cell marker CPA3 predicted UCP1 gene expression. Therefore, we investigated the effects of mast cells on UCP1 induction by adipocytes. TIB64 mast cells responded to cold by releasing histamine and IL-4, and this medium stimulated UCP1 expression and lipolysis by 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Pharmacological block of mast cell degranulation potently inhibited histamine release by mast cells and inhibited adipocyte UCP1 mRNA induction by conditioned medium (CM). Consistently, the histamine receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine potently inhibited adipocyte UCP1 mRNA induction by mast cell CM. Together, these data show that mast cells sense colder temperatures, release factors that promote UCP1 expression, and are an important immune cell type in the beiging response of WAT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
authors.forename: Brian S
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5594-1818
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Finlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Confides
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
authors.forename: Philip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Westgate
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
authors.forename: Brianna D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Harfmann
authors.affiliation: College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
authors.forename: Esther E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Dupont-Versteegden
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY philipkern@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4761-7417
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069796:Adipose Tissue, Beige / Q000378:metabolism*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D043422:Carboxypeptidases A / Q000235:genetics; D015550:Cell Degranulation; D002744:Chlorpheniramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012621:Seasons; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D013848:Thigh; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; C508598:IL4 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C578535:TMEM26 protein, human; C000604371:UCP1 protein, human; C000604372:Ucp1 protein, mouse; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D015847:Interleukin-4; D002744:Chlorpheniramine; D006632:Histamine; C468648:CPA3 protein, human; D043422:Carboxypeptidases A