title: Willingness of patients with diabetes to use an ICT-based self-management tool: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence of the willingness of patients with diabetes to use a self-management tool based on information and communication technology (ICT) such as personal computers, smartphones, and mobile phones; and to examine the patient characteristics associated with that willingness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional interview survey of 312 adults with diabetes at a university hospital in an urban area in Japan. Participants were classified into 2 groups: those who were willing to use an ICT-based self-management tool and those who were unwilling. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the willingness, including clinical and social factors, current use of ICT, self-management practices, self-efficacy, and diabetes-related emotional distress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the 312 participants was 66.3 years (SD=11.5) and 198 (63%) were male. Most of the participants (93%) had type 2 diabetes. Although only 51 (16%) currently used ICT-based self-management tools, a total of 157 (50%) expressed the willingness to use such a tool. Factors associated with the willingness included: not having nephropathy (OR=2.02, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.58); outpatient visits once a month or more (vs less than once a month, OR=2.13, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.99); current use of personal computers and/or smartphones (OR=4.91, 95% CI 2.69 to 8.98); and having greater diabetes-related emotional distress (OR=1.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.20).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Approximately half of the patients showed interest in using an ICT-based self-management tool. Willing patients may expect ICT-based self-management tools to complement outpatient visits and to make self-management easier. Starting with patients who display the willingness factors might optimize programs based on such tools.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8867-4656
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibuta
authors.affiliation: Department of Ubiquitous Health Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waki
authors.affiliation: Department of Ubiquitous Health Informatics , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomizawa
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Mitani
authors.affiliation: Department of Ubiquitous Health Informatics , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ubiquitous Health Informatics , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ubiquitous Health Informatics , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Ubiquitous Health Informatics , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Waki
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumida
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasako
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Informatics , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohe
keywords: Information Technology; Needs Assessment; Observational Study; Self-Management