title: Porphyrinoids for Chemical Sensor Applications.
abstract: Porphyrins and related macrocycles have been intensively exploited as sensing materials in chemical sensors, since in these devices they mimic most of their biological functions, such as reversible binding, catalytic activation, and optical changes. Such a magnificent bouquet of properties allows applying porphyrin derivatives to different transducers, ranging from nanogravimetric to optical devices, also enabling the realization of multifunctional chemical sensors, in which multiple transduction mechanisms are applied to the same sensing layer. Potential applications are further expanded through sensor arrays, where cross-selective sensing layers can be applied for the analysis of complex chemical matrices. The possibility of finely tuning the macrocycle properties by synthetic modification of the different components of the porphyrin ring, such as peripheral substituents, molecular skeleton, coordinated metal, allows creating a vast library of porphyrinoid-based sensing layers. From among these, one can select optimal arrays for a particular application. This feature is particularly suitable for sensor array applications, where cross-selective receptors are required. This Review briefly describes chemical sensor principles. The main part of the Review is divided into two sections, describing the porphyrin-based devices devoted to the detection of gaseous or liquid samples, according to the corresponding transduction mechanism. Although most devices are based on porphyrin derivatives, seminal examples of the application of corroles or other porphyrin analogues are evidenced in dedicated sections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata , via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paolesse
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata , via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nardis
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata , via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Donato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata , via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefanelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata , via del Politecnico, 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Natale
mesh_terms: D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis; D004566:Electrodes; D005740:Gases; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000032:analysis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D011199:Potentiometry; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D004298:Dopamine