title: Having a Coffee Break: The Impact of Caffeine Consumption on Microglia-Mediated Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
abstract: Caffeine is the major component of coffee and the most consumed psychostimulant in the world and at nontoxic doses acts as a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist. Epidemiological evidence suggests that caffeine consumption reduces the risk of several neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. However, despite the beneficial effects of caffeine consumption in human health and behaviour, the mechanisms by which it impacts the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases still remain to be clarified. A promising hypothesis is that caffeine controls microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response associated with the majority of neurodegenerative conditions. Accordingly, it has been already described that the modulation of adenosine receptors, namely, the A2Areceptor, affords neuroprotection through the control of microglia reactivity and neuroinflammation. In this review, we will summarize the main effects of caffeine in the modulation of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0479-3066
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boia
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: António F
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0477-1641
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Ambrósio
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana R
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7541-7041
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Santiago
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003069:Coffee; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D002110:Caffeine