title: Phloretin exerts hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and improves insulin resistance in vitro.
abstract: The present study investigated the possible antiobesity and hypoglycemic effects of phloretin (Ph). In an attempt to discover the hypoglycemic effect and potential mechanism of Ph, we used the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and (L6) myotubes. Daily oral treatment with Ph for 4 weeks significantly (P<0.05) reduced postprandial blood glucose and improved islet injury and lipid metabolism. Glucose consumption and glucose tolerance were improved by Ph via GOD-POD method. Western blot results revealed that the expression of Akt, PI3K, IRS-1, and GLUT4 were upregulated in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats and in L6 myotubes by Ph. The immunofluorescence studies confirmed that Ph improved the translocation of GLUT4 in L6 myotubes. Ph exerted hypoglycemic effects in vivo and in vitro, hence it may play an important role in the management of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zishuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Libin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Shengyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010693:Phloretin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D013311:Streptozocin; D005947:Glucose; D010693:Phloretin
keywords: blood glucose consumption; diabetes; insulin sensitivity; phloretin; skeletal muscle