title: Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria-Associated Deaths, Ontario, Canada, 2001-2013.
abstract: Survival implications of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) and NTM pulmonary isolation without disease (NTM-PI) are unclear. To study deaths associated with NTM-PD and NTM-PI and differences in survival between them, we conducted a population-based cohort study of persons with microbiologically defined NTM-PD or NTM-PI diagnosed during 2001-2013 in Ontario, Canada. We used propensity score matching and Cox proportional hazards models to compare survival. Among 9,681 NTM-PD patients and 10,936 NTM-PI patients, 87% and 91%, respectively, were successfully matched with unexposed controls. Both NTM-PD and NTM-PI were associated with higher rates of death for all species combined and for most individual species. Compared with NTM-PI, NTM-PD was associated with higher death rates for all species combined, Mycobacterium avium complex, and M. xenopi. NTM-PD and NTM-PI were significantly associated with death, NTM-PD more so than NTM-PI.
authors.forename: Theodore K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Marras
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Campitelli
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Brode
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchand-Austin
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Winthrop
authors.forename: Andrea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gershon
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: Frances B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Jamieson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Canada; Mycobacterium abscessus; Mycobacterium avium complex; Mycobacterium fortuitum; Mycobacterium kansasii; Mycobacterium xenopi; Ontario; Tuberculosis and other mycobacteria; bacteria; mortality; nontuberculous mycobacteria; survival