title: Interaction Between Vitamin D and Lipoprotein (a) on the Presence and Extent of Coronary Heart Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Given both lipoprotein (Lp)(a) and vitamin D have been found to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk and a biochemical link between vitamin D and cholesterol on atherosclerosis has been proposed, we hypothesised there could exist an interaction between Lp(a) and vitamin D on the severity of CHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lp(a) and 25-OH vitamin D were measured in the plasma of 348 consecutive patients (mean age 62.4±10.5 years; 56.3% male) undergoing coronary angiography at our Heart Center. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of CHD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of these patients, CHD was identified in 212 (60.9%). A multivariable logistic regression model showed multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of CHD for patients with Lp(a)≧30mg/dl and vitamin D <10 ng/ml, Lp(a) <30mg/dl and vitamin D <10 ng/ml, and Lp(a)≧30mg/dl and vitamin D ≧10 ng/ml were 4.62 (2.04-10.46), 1.79 (1.00-3.17), and 1.70 (0.88-3.31), respectively, compared with those with Lp(a) <30mg/dl and vitamin D ≧10 ng/ml; the multivariable-adjusted ORs of a higher Gensini Score for the above three corresponding groups were 3.48 (1.84-6.60), 1.59 (0.96-2.65), and 1.55 (0.86-2.79), respectively. The interaction term between Lp(a) and vitamin D in each of the above two models was significant (p=0.004 and p=0.005, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients undergoing coronary angiography, there existed an interaction between Lp(a) and vitamin D on the severity of CHD. Future cohort studies are warranted to confirm this finding.
authors.affiliation: Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Kuibao
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Lefeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Mulei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Heart Center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China. Electronic address: Yangxinchun1958@126.com.
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D014807:Vitamin D; D002784:Cholesterol; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: Coronary angiography; Coronary heart disease; Interaction; Lipoprotein (a); Vitamin D