title: Is Gamma Radiation Suitable to Preserve Phenolic Compounds and to Decontaminate Mycotoxins in Aromatic Plants? A Case-Study with Aloysia citrodora Paláu.
abstract: This study aimed to determine the effect of gamma radiation on the preservation of phenolic compounds and on decontamination of dry herbs in terms of ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), usingAloysia citrodoraPaláu as a case study. For this purpose, artificially contaminated dry leaves were submitted to gamma radiation at different doses (1, 5, and 10 kGy; at dose rate of 1.7 kGy/h). Phenolic compounds were analysed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and mycotoxin levels were determined by HPLC-fluorescence. Eleven phenolic compounds were identified in the samples and despite the apparent degradation of some compounds (namely verbasoside), 1 and 10 kGy doses point to a preservation of the majority of the compounds. The mean mycotoxin reduction varied between 5.3% and 9.6% for OTA and from 4.9% to 5.2% for AFB1. It was not observed a significant effect of the irradiation treatments on mycotoxin levels, and a slight degradation of the phenolic compounds in the irradiated samples was observed.
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. eliana@ipb.pt.|Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, España. eliana@ipb.pt.
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. lillian@ipb.pt.|Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering (LSRE), Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal. lillian@ipb.pt.
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. amilcar@ipb.pt.
authors.forename: Amilcar L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Antonio
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), IST, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal. sandracv@ctn.tecnico.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabo Verde
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, España. csb@usal.es.
authors.forename: Celestino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santos-Buelga
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. iferreira@ipb.pt.
authors.forename: Isabel C F R
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. prodrigues@ipb.pt.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000528:radiation effects; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000528:radiation effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D013552:Swine; D029648:Verbenaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C025589:ochratoxin A; D016604:Aflatoxin B1
keywords: aflatoxin B1; chromatography; gamma radiation; herbs; ochratoxin A; phenolic compounds