title: A systematic review of East African-Indian family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Mycobacterium tuberculosis East African-Indian (EAI) spoligotyping family (belonging to lineage 1, Indo-Oceanic, defined by the region of deletion RD239) is distributed worldwide, but is more prevalent in Southeast Asia, India, and East Africa. Studies in Latin America have rarely identified EAI. In this study, we describe the occurrence of the EAI family in Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  EAI was identified in a systematic literature review of genetic diversity studies pertaining to M. tuberculosis in Brazil, as well as in a survey conducted in Salvador, Bahia, located in the northeastern region of this country.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EAI6-BGD1 spoligotyping family and the EAI5 Spoligotype International Type (SIT) 1983 clade were the most frequently reported, with wide distribution of this particular clade described in Brazil. The distribution of other EAI spoligotyping patterns with broader worldwide distribution was restricted to the southeastern region of the country.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EAI may be endemic at a low frequency in Brazil, with some clades indicating increased fitness with respect to this population.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: tonya.duarte@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tonya Azevedo
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joilda Silva
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nery
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Neio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boechat
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Susan Martins
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Brazilian Network for Research in Tuberculosis - REDE TB, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento de Tecnologia em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Universidade do Porto,Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-InBIO), Porto, Portugal; Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Gabriela Miranda
authors.initials: MGM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciências, Oeiras, Portugal.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Penha-Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mauricio Lima
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Network for Research in Tuberculosis - REDE TB, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-graduação Strictu Sensu em Patologia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: theolis@bahia.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Theolis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barbosa
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001938:Brazil; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D058974:Phylogeography
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Epidemiology; Genotyping; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phylogeography