title: Water-Insoluble Photosensitizer Nanocolloids Stabilized by Supramolecular Interfacial Assembly towards Photodynamic Therapy.
abstract: Nanoengineering of hydrophobic photosensitizers (PSs) is a promising approach for improved tumor delivery and enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency. A variety of delivery carriers have been developed for tumor delivery of PSs through the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect. However, a high-performance PS delivery system with minimum use of carrier materials with excellent biocompatibility is highly appreciated. In this work, we utilized the spatiotemporal interfacial adhesion and assembly of supramolecular coordination to achieve the nanoengineering of water-insoluble photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6). The hydrophobic Ce6 nanoparticles are well stabilized in a aqueous medium by the interfacially-assembled film due to the coordination polymerization of tannic acid (TA) and ferric iron (Fe(III)). The resulting Ce6@TA-Fe(III) complex nanoparticles (referenced as Ce6@TA-Fe(III) NPs) significantly improves the drug loading content (~65%) and have an average size of 60 nm. The Ce6@TA-Fe(III) NPs are almost non-emissive as the aggregated states, but they can light up after intracellular internalization, which thus realizes low dark toxicity and excellent phototoxicity under laser irradiation. The Ce6@TA-Fe(III) NPs prolong blood circulation, promote tumor-selective accumulation of PSs, and enhanced antitumor efficacy in comparison to the free-carrier Ce6 in vivo evaluation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.|Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yamei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.|Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.|Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tifeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.|Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ruirui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guizhi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xuehai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D010316:Particle Size; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002735:Chlorophyllides; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D013634:Tannins; D014867:Water; C062985:phytochlorin