title: [Congenital hypothyroidism in Dakar: about 28 cases].
abstract: Child hypothyroidism has been little studied in Senegal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of congenital hypothyroidism. We conducted a descriptive-analytical retrospective study of all children treated for congenital hypothyroidism at the Albert-Royer National Children's Hospital Center over the period from 2001 to 2014 (14 years). We collected and analyzed socio-demographic, clinical and evolutionary data from patient medical records. A total of 28 patients were included in the study, an average of 2 cases per year. The average age of discovery of hypothyroidism was 54.25 ± 43 months with a female predominance (Sex-ratio 0.47). Only 2 cases of hypothyroidism were diagnosed in the neonatal period. Consanguinity was present in 68% of patients. Clinical signs were dominated by the delay in psychomotor acquisitions (96%), hypothermia (46%), cranio-facial dysmorphia (43%) and goiter (39%). Growth retardation was constant beyond 6 months. The etiologies were dominated by hormonosynthesis disorders (84.21%). During the study period, mean SD of patients had decreased from -3.5 SD to -2.25 SD for a median treatment duration of 28 months. Mental retardation was present in 73% of cases. Growth retardation and mental retardation were more severe as the diagnosis was late. Our results confirm the inadequacy of early management of patients. It is urgent to implement a routine neonatal screening system in order to improve the mental prognosis of this condition.
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Babacar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Niang
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Amadou Lamine
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Idrissa Demba
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, CHU Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Younoussa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Keita
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Indou Dème
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Ly
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Abou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Aliou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thiongane
authors.affiliation: Hôpital d'Enfants de Diamniadio, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Aliou Abdoulaye
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ndongo
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Abass Ndao, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Djibril
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boiro
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Lamine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thiam
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Aissatou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Morgiane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houngbadji
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Mouhamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fattah
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Yaye Joor
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Djeng
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Dieynaba Fafa
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cissé
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Abass Ndao, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Idrissa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Basse
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, CHU Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Assane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sylla
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Papa Moctar
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Faye
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Saliou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diouf
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Abass Ndao, Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Ousmane
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ndiaye
authors.affiliation: Département de Pédiatrie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal.
authors.forename: Mamadou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarr
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003409:Congenital Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Congenital hypothyroidism; growth retardation; mental retardation