title: Association of High Risk Human Papillomavirus and Breast cancer: A UK based Study.
abstract: Infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been implicated in the aetiology of a variety of cancers. Studies evaluating the presence of HPVs in breast cancer (BC) have generated considerable controversy. To date, most studies have focused on the presence of viral DNA in BC; however there are important gaps in evidencing the role of HPV persistence in the invasiveness of BC. While these studies have been conducted in several countries, none, on the presence and biological activity of high risk (HR) HPV in BC has been done in the UK. Hence, we aimed to investigate these gaps by screening a total of 110 fresh breast tissue specimens from UK patients for the presence of twelve HR-HPV types DNA using PCR and Sanger sequencing. Samples positive for HPV-DNA were screened for viral oncoprotein expression using western blot and dot blot. Data obtained showed the presence of HR-HPVs in 42% of breast tissues of which the viral activity was only confirmed in a number of invasive carcinomas (5/26). This finding, the first to report in the UK, suggests that the selective expression of viral oncoprotein in invasive cases may propose a role for HR-HPVs in the development of some types of BC.
authors.affiliation: Kingston University London, Cancer theme, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, London, UK.
authors.forename: Nadia Aziz
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.affiliation: Kingston Hospital- Breast Surgery Department, Kingston upon Thames, KT2 7QB, London, UK.|The new Victoria hospital- Breast Surgery Department, Kingston upon Thames, KT2 7EG, London, UK.
authors.forename: Giles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Kingston University London, Cancer theme, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, London, UK.
authors.forename: Farida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Majidy
authors.affiliation: Kingston University London, Cancer theme, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, London, UK.
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shakir
authors.affiliation: Kingston University London, Cancer theme, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, London, UK.
authors.forename: Hilda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akinrinade
authors.affiliation: Kingston University London, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, London, UK.|Fatima College of Health Sciences, Institute of Applied Technology, Department of Pharmacy, UAE.
authors.forename: Dhayaneethie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perumal
authors.affiliation: Kingston University London, Cancer theme, School of Life Science, Pharmacy and Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, London, UK.
authors.forename: G Hossein
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Ashrafi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral