title: Effect of low-temperature long-time and high-temperature short-time blanching and frying treatments on the French fry quality of six Irish potato cultivars.
abstract: Processing conditions are an important determinant of French fry quality. However, the effect of low-temperature long-time (LTLT) and high-temperature short-time (HTST) blanching and frying treatments has not been investigated in many cultivars. The current study investigates the effect of the sequential application of these treatments on French fries processed from six Irish potato cultivars (Fianna, Innovator, Mondial, Navigator, Panamera and Savanna). Blanching was effected at 75 °C for 10 min or 85 °C for 5 min and frying was effected at 160 °C for 2 min or 180 °C for 1 min. These treatments resulted in significant differences in the quality of the fries across the cultivars. The blanching treatments had a greater impact on the French fry quality than the frying treatments. LTLT blanching resulted in lower oil (12-13% fresh mass basis [fmb]), and higher protein (3.5-4.3% fmb) and mineral content in the French fries processed from Innovator, compared to HTST blanching. This was accompanied by a crispier crust, which required a greater puncture force (1.2-2.1 N) for penetration. Blanching with the LTLT treatment before HTST frying resulted in French fries that were the most acceptable to consumers and these were from Fianna, Innovator and Mondial. The current study demonstrates that the effect of French fry processing conditions is cultivar-dependent.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Nomali Ziphorah
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Ngobese
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Tilahun Seyoum
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Workneh
authors.affiliation: Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Muthulisi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siwela
keywords: Consumer acceptance; Crispness; French fries; Nutrient content; Oiliness; Potato processing