title: The Continuum of HIV Care in Rural Communities in the United States and Canada: What Is Known and Future Research Directions.
abstract: The nature of the HIV epidemic in the United States and Canada has changed with a shift toward rural areas. Socioeconomic factors, geography, cultural context, and evolving epidemics of injection drug use are coalescing to move the epidemic into locations where populations are dispersed and health care resources are limited. Rural-urban differences along the care continuum demonstrate the implications of this sociogeographic shift. Greater attention is needed to build a more comprehensive understanding of the rural HIV epidemic in the United States and Canada, including research efforts, innovative approaches to care delivery, and greater community engagement in prevention and care.
authors.affiliation: *Section on Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC; †Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of South Carolina School of Medicine; ‡Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; §Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada; ‖BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada; ¶Clinician Investigator Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; #Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; **Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; ††CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada; ‡‡Clinician Investigator Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; §§Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; ‖‖Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Salem, VA; ¶¶Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; ##British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada; ***University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; and †††Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR.
authors.forename: Katherine R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Schafer
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dillingham
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jaworsky
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loutfy
authors.forename: Lauren J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: MacKenzie
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.forename: Kris Ann K
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Oursler
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Hasina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Samji
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: Christina J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weissman
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ohl
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D012424:Rural Population; D014481:United States