title: Handedness is a biomarker of variation in anal sex role behavior and Recalled Childhood Gender Nonconformity among gay men.
abstract: Developmental theories of the biological basis of sexual orientation suggest that sexually differentiated psychological and behavioural traits should be linked with sexual orientation. Subgroups of gay men delineated by anal sex roles differ according to at least one such trait: gender expression. The present study assessed the hypothesis that handedness, a biologically determined sexually differentiated trait, corresponds to differences in subgroups of gay men based on anal sex role. Furthermore, it assessed whether handedness mediates the association between gender nonconformity and male sexual orientation. Straight and gay men (N = 333) completed the Edinburgh Inventory of Handedness and the Recalled Childhood Gender Nonconformity Scale. Gay men also completed measures of anal sex role preference. As in previous studies, gay men showed greater non-right-handedness and gender nonconformity than straight men. Also, among gay men, bottoms/versatiles (i.e., gay men who take a receptive anal sex role, or who take on both a receptive and insertive anal sex role) were more gender-nonconforming than tops (i.e., gay men who take an insertive anal sex role). In support of the hypothesis, bottoms/versatiles were more non-right-handed than tops and handedness mediated the male sexual orientation and anal sex role differences in Recalled Childhood Gender Nonconformity. Together, these findings suggest that developmental processes linked to handedness underpin variation among men in sexual orientation and gender nonconformity as well as variation among subgroups of gay men that are delineated by anal sex roles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ashlyn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swift-Gallant
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Lindsay A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Coome
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: D Ashley
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Monks
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.|Child, Youth and Family Division, Underserved Populations Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Doug P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: VanderLaan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005783:Gender Identity; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012733:Sex Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone