title: Assessment and therapeutic choice in septic arthritis of the hip in an intravenous drug abuser: case report at 14 years follow-up and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoarticular infections are found frequently in drug addicted individuals, representing one of the main reasons for their hospitalization. Through inoculation, the pathogenic agents can enter the individual's system directly through the skin or parenterally, transmitted, that is, through syringes and other objects used during such practice. In these particular conditions, or when the medical history is vague, a warranted suspicion and the execution of targeted research can help in the diagnosis of high-risk patients such as addicts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With this paper, the Authors are presenting a case of septic arthritis in the hip joint, in a drug addicted patient with the habit of injecting narcotics into the femoral vein, in correspondence of the anatomical region known as the triangle of Scarpa. Following an examination of the bacterial culture samples taken by arthrocentesis, the S. Aureus infection was identified and a targeted antibiotic therapy (coxacillin and aminoglycosides) was prescribed. After one year, with clinical examination and medical scans resulting negative for infection, there was a remaining deformity of the femoral head and, therefore, a total hip arthroplasty (THA) was performed. The 14 year post-operative clinical examination and medical scan check-up showed a complete articular functionality and recovery of normal daily and work related activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Musculoskeletal System Sciences - Sapienza University of Rome.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Persiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Musculoskeletal System Sciences - Sapienza University of Rome.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ranaldi
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital- Palidoro (Roma).
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Musculoskeletal System Sciences - Sapienza University of Rome.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calistri
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Musculoskeletal System Sciences - Sapienza University of Rome.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bove
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital- Palidoro (Roma).
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crostelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Musculoskeletal System Sciences - Sapienza University of Rome.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000379:methods; D055030:Drug Users; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006621:Hip Joint; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Heroin Addiction; Hip arthroplasty; Intravenous Drug abuser; Septic Hip Arthritis