title: Membrane Permeabilization of Pathogenic Yeast in Alternating Sub-microsecond Electromagnetic Fields in Combination with Conventional Electroporation.
abstract: Recently, a novel contactless treatment method based on high-power pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) was proposed, which results in cell membrane permeabilization effects similar to electroporation. In this work, a new PEMF generator based on multi-stage Marx circuit topology, which is capable of delivering 3.3 T, 0.19 kV/cm sub-microsecond pulses was used to permeabilize pathogenic yeast Candida albicans separately and in combination with conventional square wave electroporation (8-17 kV/cm, 100 μs). Bursts of 10, 25, and 50 PEMF pulses were used. The yeast permeabilization rate was evaluated using flow cytometric analysis and propidium iodide (PI) assay. A statistically significant (P < 0.05) combinatorial effect of electroporation and PEMF treatment was detected. Also the PEMF treatment (3.3 T, 50 pulses) resulted in up to 21% loss of yeast viability, and a dose-dependent additive effect with pulsed electric field was observed. As expected, increase of the dB/dt and subsequently the induced electric field amplitude resulted in a detectable effect solely by PEMF, which was not achievable before for yeasts in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania. vitalij.novickij@vgtu.lt.
authors.forename: Vitalij
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6147-956X
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Novickij
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Eglė
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lastauskienė
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Jurgita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Švedienė
authors.affiliation: Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Audrius
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grainys
authors.affiliation: Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Gediminas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Staigvila
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Algimantas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paškevičius
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių st. 5, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Irutė
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Girkontaitė
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių st. 5, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Auksė
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zinkevičienė
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mycology, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų ežerų st. 49, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Markovskaja
authors.affiliation: Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Jurij
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Novickij
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000528:radiation effects; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004586:Electrophoresis; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D011419:Propidium
chemical_list: D011419:Propidium
keywords: Candida albicans; Dielectrophoresis; Electroporation; Magneto-permeabilization; Propidium iodide