title: From dendritic cells to B cells dysfunctions during HIV-1 infection: T follicular helper cells at the crossroads.
abstract: T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are essential for B-cell differentiation and the subsequent antibody responses. Their numbers and functions are altered during human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) infections. In lymphoid tissues, Tfh cells are present in germinal centre, where they are the main source of replicative HIV-1 and represent a major reservoir. Paradoxically, Tfh cell numbers are increased in chronically infected individuals. Understanding the fate of Tfh cells in the course of HIV-1 infection is essential for the design of efficient strategies toward a protective HIV vaccine or a cure. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advance in our understanding of Tfh cell dynamics during HIV/SIV infection. In particular, to explore the possible causes of their expansion in lymphoid tissues by discussing the impact of HIV-1 infection on dendritic cells, to identify the molecular players rendering Tfh cells highly susceptible to HIV-1 infection, and to consider the contribution of regulatory follicular T cells in shaping Tfh cell functions.
authors.affiliation: Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruffin
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Faculté de médecine, INSERM U955, Université Paris Est, Créteil Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Lylia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hani
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Faculté de médecine, INSERM U955, Université Paris Est, Créteil Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nabila
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0379-8527
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seddiki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: HIV-1; SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1; T follicular helper cell; dendritic cells; germinal centre