title: Neonatal Liver Failure and Congenital Cirrhosis due to Gestational Alloimmune Liver Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.
abstract: Neonatal liver failure (NLF) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, presenting as acute liver failure and/or congenital cirrhosis. Many affected patients show antenatal signs of fetal injury. There are several causes of NLF and early diagnosis is mandatory to elucidate the etiology and determine a specific treatment or the best management strategy. Gestational alloimmune liver disease associated with neonatal hemochromatosis (GALD-NH) is a rare but potentially treatable cause of NLF. It should be considered in any neonate with fetal signs of disease and postnatal signs of liver failure with no other identifiable causes. GALD-NH is often diagnosed late and patients are therefore referred late to specialized centers, delaying treatment. This case highlights the consequences of late diagnosis and treatment of GALD-NH and emphasizes the importance of a high grade of suspicion of this disease in order to refer the patient to a specialized center soon enough to perform the appropriate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8950-9345
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roos Mariano da Rocha
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rostirola Guedes
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Oscar
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Kieling
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossato Adami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Pathology Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Thadeu Schmidt
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Cerski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandra Maria
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9788-5428
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gonçalves Vieira