title: Magnetic resonance imaging features of uterine sarcoma and mimickers.
abstract: Uterine myometrial tumors are predominantly benign conditions that affect one-third of women and represent the main indication for hysterectomy. Preoperative imaging is of utmost importance for characterization and for precise mapping of myometrial tumors to best guide therapeutic strategy. New minimally invasive therapeutic strategies including morcellation, myolysis, uterine artery embolization and image-guided radiofrequency or focused ultrasound ablation have been developed for the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. However, preoperative differentiation between atypical leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas is critical on imaging as uterine sarcoma requires a specific surgical technique to prevent dissemination. A single, rapidly growing uterine tumor, associated with endometrial thickening and ascites, in post-menopausal women is suspicious of uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma and carcinosarcoma. Suggestive magnetic resonance imaging features have been described, but overlap in imaging appearance between uterine leiomyosarcomas and cellular leiomyomas makes it challenging to ascertain the diagnosis. This review aims to illustrate the imaging features of uterine sarcomas and potential mimickers to make the reader more familiar with this serious condition which needs special consideration.
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France. matthiasbarral@gmail.com.|Department of Body and Interventional Imaging, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475, Paris, France. matthiasbarral@gmail.com.|Inserm U-965, CART, Carcinose Angiogénèse et recherche translationnelle, 41 bvd de La Chapelle, 75010, Paris, France. matthiasbarral@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Vinciane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Placé
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dautry
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bendavid
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cornelis
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.|Department of Body and Interventional Imaging, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Foucher
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Youcef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guerrache
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.|Department of Body and Interventional Imaging, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soyer
mesh_terms: D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D018203:Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Diffusion-weighted MRI; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Uterine sarcoma