title: Using Data Exclusivity Grants to Incentivize Cumulative Innovation of Biologics' Manufacturing Processes.
abstract: The pharmaceutical market is divided into two types of compounds: small-molecule chemical compounds and large-molecule biologics. Due to biologics’
  molecular sizes and the current scientific state of biologics manufacturing, manufacturing facilities and processes require frequent reassessment to ensure
  production of safe, pure, and potent therapeutics. Manufacturers utilize patent and drug regulatory law to protect their investments and simultaneously signal where innovation and investment are lacking. The current four- and twelve-year regimented structures of the Biologics Price, Competition, and Innovation Act do not keep pace with scientific development; biologics manufacturing processes drift with time, and if a manufacturer can obtain a higher degree of process control, then it should not feel restricted to wait until their exclusivity period lapses. Currently, the FDA rarely grants market exclusivity privileges for manufacturing process improvements alone; hence, manufacturing processes--or at least large portions thereof--are typically withheld as trade secrets or strategically claimed within companion composition claims. As a result, significant opportunity exists in regulatory framework to incentivize the research and development of biologics manufacturing processes. By creating a one- to four-year data exclusivity extension opportunity, manufacturers will feel more comfortable reinvesting their returns on investment towards manufacturing efficiency, and manufacturers can capitalize on the complex-molecule nature of their biologic.
authors.affiliation: American University Washington College of Law, USA.
authors.forename: Eric Lawrence
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Levi
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000191:economics*; D059451:Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals / Q000191:economics*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000191:economics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D017277:Drug Approval / Q000191:economics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D019981:Health Care Sector / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006801:Humans; D007880:Legislation, Drug / Q000191:economics*; D010330:Patents as Topic / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D059451:Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations