title: Improvement of Karmali Agar by Supplementation with Tazobactam for Detecting Campylobacter in Raw Poultry.
abstract: In this study, Karmali agar was modified by adding tazobactam (T-Karmali agar) to suppress the growth of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli , which frequently contaminates raw poultry meat. By inoculating 30 Campylobacter spp. strains and 25 ESBL-producing E. coli strains onto Karmali agar and T-Karmali agar containing various concentrations of the antibacterial agent, we determined the optimum concentration of tazobactam to be 4 mg/liter. The Campylobacter spp. isolation rate on T-Karmali agar (13.3%) was higher than that on Karmali agar (8.3%), although the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). However, T-Karmali agar showed a significantly greater selectivity than Karmali agar, as evaluated by comparing the numbers of contaminated agar plates (20.8 versus 82.5%; P < 0.05) and the growth indexes (1.36 versus 2.83) of competing flora. The predominant competing flora on Karmali and T-Karmali agar were identified as ESBL-producing E. coli . Thus, T-Karmali agar might be effective for determining the real prevalence of Campylobacter in raw poultry and, especially, contamination with ESBL-producing E. coli .
authors.affiliation: Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chon-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Whan
authors.affiliation: Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Yeop
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Division of Enteric Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Heungdeok-Gu, Cheongju 363-951, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hak
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kun-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar; D000818:Animals; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology; D003470:Culture Media; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005516:Food Microbiology; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D011200:Poultry; D000078142:Tazobactam; D001618:beta-Lactamases
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; D000362:Agar; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D000078142:Tazobactam
keywords: Campylobacter; Chicken carcass rinse; Detection; Karmali agar; Tazobactam