title: A Comprehensive In Vitro Comparison of Preparation Techniques for Fat Grafting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lipomodeling is a technique that uses the patient's own fat for tissue regeneration and augmentation. The extent of regenerative effect is reported to be determined by the numbers of adipose-derived stem cells and the viability of cells in processed adipose tissue which, together with other factors, influence the degree of graft retention. This study addresses whether differences exist in properties of fat graft obtained by three commonly used techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adipose tissue harvested from the hypogastric regions of 14 patients was processed by decantation, centrifugation, and membrane-based tissue filtration. The morphology of each preparation was assessed by electron microscopy and overall cell viability was assessed by live/dead assay. The number of adipose-derived stem cells was determined and their stem cell character was assessed by the presence of cell surface molecules (i.e., CD105, CD90, CD31, and CD45) and by their capacity to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  First, morphologies of processed fat samples obtained by individual procedures differed, but no preparation caused obvious damage to cellular or acellular components. Second, although the highest numbers of adipose-derived stem cells were contained in the upper fraction of centrifuged lipoaspirates, the difference between preparations was marginal. Third, the maximal concentration of adipose fraction (removal of watery component) of lipoaspirate was achieved by membrane-based tissue filtration. Finally, no significant differences in overall viability were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Properties of processed lipoaspirate were influenced by the preparation procedure. However, the differences were not dramatic; both centrifugation and membrane-based filtration are methods of choice whose selection depends on other criteria (e.g., practicality) for individual surgical settings.
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Libor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Streit
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaros
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sedlakova
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sedlackova
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Lubos
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Drazan
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svoboda
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pospisil
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vyska
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vesely
authors.affiliation: Brno, Czech Republic.|From the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and the International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; and the Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analysis, Masaryk University.
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hampl
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013234:Stem Cells; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult