title: Socio-environmental correlates of physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
abstract: Study of the causes of the reduced levels of physical activity in patients with COPD has been scarce and limited to biological factors.
  
  
  
  To assess the relationship between novel socio-environmental factors, namely dog walking, grandparenting, neighbourhood deprivation, residential surrounding greenness and residential proximity to green or blue spaces, and amount and intensity of physical activity in COPD patients.
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study recruited 410 COPD patients from five Catalan municipalities. Dog walking and grandparenting were assessed by questionnaire. Neighbourhood deprivation was assessed using the census Urban Vulnerability Index, residential surrounding greenness by the satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and residential proximity to green or blue spaces as living within 300 m of such a space. Physical activity was measured during 1 week by accelerometer to assess time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vector magnitude units (VMU) per minute.
  
  
  
  Patients were 85% male, had a mean (SD) age of 69 (9) years, and post-bronchodilator FEV1of 56 (17) %pred. After adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, dyspnoea, exercise capacity and anxiety in a linear regression model, both dog walking and grandparenting were significantly associated with an increase both in time in MVPA (18 min/day (p<0.01) and 9 min/day (p<0.05), respectively) and in physical activity intensity (76 VMU/min (p=0.05) and 59 VMUs/min (p<0.05), respectively). Neighbourhood deprivation, surrounding greenness and proximity to green or blue spaces were not associated with physical activity.
  
  
  
  Dog walking and grandparenting are associated with a higher amount and intensity of physical activity in COPD patients.
  
  
  
  Pre-results, NCT01897298.
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
authors.forename: Ane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arbillaga-Etxarri
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gimeno-Santos
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Clinic Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anael
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barberan-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benet
authors.affiliation: Sant Roc Primary Care Center, Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: Eulàlia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borrell
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dadvand
authors.affiliation: Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.|University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foraster
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBER Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
authors.forename: Mònica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monteagudo
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Roisin
authors.affiliation: Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vall-Casas
authors.affiliation: FCS Blanquerna, Research Group on Health, Physical Activity and Sport (SAFE), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vilaró
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Aymerich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002654:Child Care; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D000066502:Grandparents; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D011204:Poverty Areas; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012931:Social Environment; D013030:Spain; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology
keywords: COPD epidemiology; Exercise