title: National estimates and correlates of secondhand smoke exposure in US cancer survivors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancer survivors comprise a vulnerable population for exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). This study examined and compared the prevalence, time trends, and predictors of SHS exposure between nonsmoking adult cancer survivors and nonsmoking adults without cancer history (control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from the 2001-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (survivors: n = 2168; controls: n = 19,436). All adults ≥20 years of age who reported not smoking and had a serum cotinine level of 0.015-10 ng/mL were included in the study. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals, weighted linear regression of prevalence on year for trend analysis, and logistic regression analysis were performed with adjustments made for the complex survey design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survivors were significantly less likely to be exposed to SHS (65.4 vs. 70.6%, respectively). Exposure over time decreased by 16% (from 67.1% in 2001 to 53.3% in 2012) among survivors and by 24% (from 72% in 2001 to 56% in 2012) among controls. Exposed survivors were more likely to be young (OR = 0.98 [95% CI = 0.97-0.99]), non-Hispanic Black (2.51 [1.49-4.26]), with some college education (2.47 [1.56-3.93]), a high school education (2.72 [1.76-4.19]), less than a high school education (2.49 [1.58-3.91]), and poor (1.80 [1.10-2.96]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considerable numbers of US cancer survivors are exposed to SHS and exposure disparities persist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More efforts are needed to develop and test population policies and clinical-based interventions targeting cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. tasfar@miami.edu.
authors.forename: Taghrid
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asfar
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Kristopher L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Arheart
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.|Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Tulay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koru-Sengul
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.|Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.|Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Noella A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Charles Jeng
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.|Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Cancer survivors; Exposure to secondhand smoke; Health disparities; Predictors of exposure to SHS; Time-trend analysis