title: Echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate right ventricular function in preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine preterm infants (<32 weeks) were divided into three groups: (1) no-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n=32); (2) mild-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n=35); (3) severe-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n=15). Right ventricular echocardiographic parameters included the following: (1) pulsed-wave Doppler through the tricuspid valve (E/A ratio), pulmonary artery acceleration time, right ventricular ejection time, right ventricular velocity-time integral; (2) tissue Doppler measurements of myocardial velocities and atrioventricular conduction times; (3) pulsed-wave Doppler and tissue Doppler evaluation of myocardial performance index and E/E' ratio; and (4) M-mode detection of right ventricular end-diastolic wall diameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The severe-bronchopulmonary dysplasia group had higher mean right ventricular myocardial performance index (on the 28th day of life by pulsed-wave Doppler) than the no-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P=.014) or mild-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P=.031) groups; no differences were found between no-bronchopulmonary dysplasia and mild-bronchopulmonary dysplasia groups (P=.919). A reduction in right ventricular myocardial performance index at later time points was observed in all three groups (P<.05). We found no differences between preterm infants with differing bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity in other right ventricular echocardiographic parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Right ventricular myocardial performance index measured by pulsed-wave Doppler indicates impaired right ventricular function in preterm infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal and Intensive Care Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-8315
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bokiniec
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Własienko
authors.affiliation: Neonatal and Intensive Care Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borszewska-Kornacka
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szymkiewicz-Dangel
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: diastolic function; doppler tissue imaging; myocardial performance index; pulmonary artery hypertension