title: High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise Improves Both Hepatic Fat Content and Stiffness in Sedentary Obese Men with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
abstract: We compared the effects of 12-week programs of resistance training (RT), high-intensity interval aerobic training (HIAT), and moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MICT). The primary goal was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the exercise modalities for the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A total of 61 sedentary obese men with NAFLD were randomized into one of the following exercise regimens (RT, HIAT, or MICT). Hepatic fat content was decreased to a similar extent in the RT, HIAT, and MICT groups (-14.3% vs. -13.7% vs. -14.3%) without significant changes in weight and visceral fat. The gene expression levels of fatty acid synthesis were significantly decreased in the subjects' monocytes. Hepatic stiffness was decreased only in the HIAT group (-16.8%). The stiffness change was associated with restored Kupffer cell phagocytic function (+17.8%) and decreased levels of inflammation such as leptin (-13.2%) and ferritin (-14.1%). RT, HIAT, and MICT were equally effective in reducing hepatic fat content, but only HIAT was effective in improving hepatic stiffness and restoring Kupffer cell function. These benefits appeared to be independent of detectable weight and visceral fat reductions; the benefits were acquired through the modulation of in vivo fatty acid metabolism and obesity-related inflammatory conditions.
authors.affiliation: The Center of Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.|Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
authors.forename: Sechang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.|National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kanagawa, 214-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: So
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shida
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kanagawa, 214-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports Health Care, Inje University, Gyeongsangnamdo, 50834, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bokun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.|Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: The Center of Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shoda
mesh_terms: D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D015444:Exercise; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D005293:Ferritins; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases