title: A concept for holistic whole body MRI data analysis, Imiomics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present and evaluate a whole-body image analysis concept, Imiomics (imaging-omics) and an image registration method that enables Imiomics analyses by deforming all image data to a common coordinate system, so that the information in each voxel can be compared between persons or within a person over time and integrated with non-imaging data.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presented image registration method utilizes relative elasticity constraints of different tissue obtained from whole-body water-fat MRI. The registration method is evaluated by inverse consistency and Dice coefficients and the Imiomics concept is evaluated by example analyses of importance for metabolic research using non-imaging parameters where we know what to expect. The example analyses include whole body imaging atlas creation, anomaly detection, and cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The image registration method evaluation on 128 subjects shows low inverse consistency errors and high Dice coefficients. Also, the statistical atlas with fat content intensity values shows low standard deviation values, indicating successful deformations to the common coordinate system. The example analyses show expected associations and correlations which agree with explicit measurements, and thereby illustrate the usefulness of the proposed Imiomics concept.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The registration method is well-suited for Imiomics analyses, which enable analyses of relationships to non-imaging data, e.g. clinical data, in new types of holistic targeted and untargeted big-data analysis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Centre for Image Analysis, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7764-1787
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Centre for Image Analysis, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Malmberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sundbom
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahlström
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kullberg
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods*