title: Composition of single-step media used for human embryo culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine compositions of commercial single-step culture media and test with a murine model whether differences in composition are biologically relevant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inbred female mice were superovulated and mated with outbred male mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Amino acid, organic acid, and ions content were determined for single-step culture media: CSC, Global, G-TL, and 1-Step. To determine whether differences in composition of these media are biologically relevant, mouse one-cell embryos were cultured for 96 hours in each culture media at 5% and 20% oxygen in a time-lapse incubator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Compositions of four culture media were analyzed for concentrations of 30 amino acids, organic acids, and ions. Blastocysts at 96 hours of culture and cell cycle timings were calculated, and experiments were repeated in triplicate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the more than 30 analytes, concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, amino acids, phosphate, calcium, and magnesium varied in concentrations. Mouse embryos were differentially affected by oxygen in G-TL and 1-Step.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four single-step culture media have compositions that vary notably in pyruvate, lactate, and amino acids. Blastocyst development was affected by culture media and its interaction with oxygen concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address: deanmorbeckphd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dean E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Morbeck
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Nikola A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Devin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oglesbee
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D013480:Superovulation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003470:Culture Media; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Culture media; embryo culture; mouse embryo assay; quality control