title: Identifying the presence of Parkinson's disease using low-frequency fluctuations in BOLD signals.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive, and degenerative neurological disorder that is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of intracellular Lewy inclusion bodies. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) has demonstrated evidence of changes in metabolic patterns in individuals with PD. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of PD could be "predicted" based on resting fluctuations in the blood oxygenation level dependent signal. We utilized RS-fMRI to measure the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and the fractional ALFF (fALFF) in 51 patients with PD and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Compared with the healthy controls, the individuals with PD exhibited altered ALFFs in the bilateral lingual gyrus and left putamen and an altered fALFF in the right cerebellum posterior lobe. Support vector machines (SVMs), which comprise a supervised pattern recognition method that enables predictions at the individual level, were trained to separate individuals with PD from healthy controls based on the ALFF and fALFF. Using the leave-one-out cross-validation method to analyze our sample, we reliably distinguished the participants with PD from the controls with 92% sensitivity and 87% specificity. Overall, these findings suggest that the SVM-neuroimaging approach may be of particular clinical value because it enables the accurate identification of PD at the individual level. RS-fMRI should be considered for development as a biomarker and an analytical tool for the evaluation of PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chang-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin-Xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; Parkinson's Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bei-Sha
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: guojifeng2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Ji-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D060388:Support Vector Machine
keywords: Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations; Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations; Parkinson’s disease; Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging