title: Antazoline-insights into drug-induced electrocardiographic and hemodynamic effects: Results of the ELEPHANT II substudy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antazoline is an old antihistaminic and new antiarrhythmic agent with unknown mechanisms of action which recently has been shown to effectively terminate atrial fibrillation. The aim of study was to examine the effects of antazoline on hemodynamic and ECG parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antazoline was given intravenously in three 100 mg boluses to 10 healthy volunteers (four males, mean age 40 + 11 years). Hemodynamic and ECG parameters were measured using impedance cardiography [systolic (sBP), diastolic (dBP), mean (mBP) blood pressure, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and heart rate (HR), P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, QT and corrected QT (QTcF) interval]. Plasma concentration of antazoline was also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antazoline caused significant prolongation of P wave, QRS as well as QT and QTcF (101 ± 10 vs 110 ± 16 ms, p < .05, and 101 ± 12 vs 107 ± 12 ms, p < .05, 399 ± 27 vs 444 ± 23 ms, p < .05, and 403 ± 21 vs 448 ± 27 ms, p < .05, respectively). Also, a significant decrease in SV was noted (94.9 ± 21.8 vs 82.4 ± 19.6 ml, p < .05). A significant correlation between changes in plasma drug concentration and changes in CO, HR, and dBP was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antazoline impairs slightly hemodynamics, significantly reducing SV. Significant prolongation of P wave and QRS duration corresponds to drug-induced prolongation of conduction, whereas QT prolongation represents drug-induced prolongation of repolarization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piotrowski
authors.affiliation: Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giebułtowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sikorska
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gralak-Łachowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soszyńska
authors.affiliation: Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wroczyński
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kułakowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000865:Antazoline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D000865:Antazoline
keywords: antazoline; antazoline concentration; antiarrhythmic agent; atrial fibrillation; hemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects