title: Neuroscience in gambling policy and treatment: an interdisciplinary perspective.
abstract: Neuroscientific explanations of gambling disorder can help people make sense of their experiences and guide the development of psychosocial interventions. However, the societal perceptions and implications of these explanations are not always clear or helpful. Two workshops in 2013 and 2014 brought together multidisciplinary researchers aiming to improve the clinical and policy-related effects of neuroscience research on gambling. The workshops revealed that neuroscience can be used to improve identification of the dangers of products used in gambling. Additionally, there was optimism associated with the diagnostic and prognostic uses of neuroscience in problem gambling and the provision of novel tools (eg, virtual reality) to assess the effectiveness of new policy interventions before their implementation. Other messages from these workshops were that neuroscientific models of decision making could provide a strong rationale for precommitment strategies and that interdisciplinary collaborations are needed to reduce the harms of gambling.
authors.affiliation: Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: murat.yucel@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.affiliation: Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; UQ Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Amy R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balleine
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gambling Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Gambling Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
authors.forename: Nicki A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Sally M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gainsbury
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Goudriaan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.affiliation: Family Action Centre, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hodgins
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Donders Institute for Cognition, Brain and Behaviour, Radboud University, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Holst
authors.affiliation: Productivity Commission, Australian Government, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lattimore
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Livingstone
authors.affiliation: Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychology Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lorenzetti
authors.affiliation: Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lubman
authors.affiliation: Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Finance, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murawski
authors.affiliation: Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Linden
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parkes
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petry
authors.affiliation: Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Room
authors.affiliation: Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, North Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Australian Gambling Research Centre, Australian Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, North Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Townshend
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Youssef
authors.affiliation: UQ Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003657:Decision Making; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005715:Gambling / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D040261:Harm Reduction; D006801:Humans; D009270:Naloxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009488:Neurosciences / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D011634:Public Health / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D009271:Naltrexone; C038981:nalmefene