title: Intrinsic Ultrahigh Drug/miRNA Loading Capacity of Biodegradable Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles toward Highly Efficient Pharmaceutical Delivery.
abstract: The lack of safe and efficient drug and gene delivery vectors has become a major obstacle for the clinical applications of drug and nonviral gene therapy. To date, for nonviral gene vectors, most studies are focused on cationic polymers, liposomes, and modified inorganic nanoparticles which have shown high cellular toxicity, low transfection efficiency, or nondegradation. Additionally, few biodegradable biomaterials demonstrate intrinsic high binding abilities to both drug and gene. Bioactive glasses (BGs) have achieved successful applications in bone regeneration due to their high biocompatibility and biodegradation. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the intrinsic ultrahigh drug and miRNA binding ability of bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNs) without any cationic polymer modification. BGNs demonstrate an over 45-fold improvement in hydrophilic drug loading (diclofenac sodium) and 7-fold enhancement in miRNA binding over their corresponding silica nanoparticles. The hydrophilic drug loading ability of BGNs (>45 wt % loading) is also higher than that of most other reported inorganic nanoparticles, including mesoporous silica nanoparticles. BGNs show significantly lower cytotoxicity and higher cellular uptake and miRNA transfection efficiency compared to those of commercial transfection reagents polyethylenimine and lipofectamine 3000. Our results demonstrate that BGNs may become a new competitive vehicle for drug and gene delivery applications. This study may also provide a new strategy to develop novel biomaterials with intrinsic drug and gene binding ability for disease therapy.
authors.affiliation: Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710054, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710054, China.
authors.forename: Yumeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States.
authors.forename: Peter X
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7264-1443
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325001, China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8038-1517
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710054, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-7634
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005898:Glass; D035683:MicroRNAs; D053758:Nanoparticles; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: bioactive glass; cytotoxicity; drug and gene delivery; intrinsic properties; nanoparticles