title: [Resistance rates and phenotypic characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes in a paediatric population in Northern Spain (2005-2015)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Streptococcus pyogenes is a significant cause of bacterial infections in children. The aim of the study is to analyse resistance rates and phenotypes of S. pyogenes isolates in a paediatric population in Northern Spain over the last 11 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive retrospective study of S. pyogenes isolates from paediatric patients between 2005 and 2015 in a region of Asturias (Spain). Resistance rates and changes in erythromycin resistance phenotypes in two time periods (2005-2009 and 2010-2015) were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1,794 S. pyogenes isolates were registered (70% from 2005 to 2009). 87.5% were obtained from pharyngeal swabs and 0.2% from blood cultures. Resistance rates to tetracycline (8.8% to 4.3%, p=0.02), erythromycin (22% to 9.3%, p<0.01) and clindamycin (6% to 1.7%, p<0.01) decreased between the two study periods. A reduction in erythromycin-resistant isolates with the MLSB phenotype was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A decrease in S. pyogenes resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin and a change in the erythromycin resistance phenotype were observed along the study period.
authors.affiliation: Laura Calle-Miguel, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital de Cabueñes 6ª planta Impar, C/ Los Prados, 395, CP 33394 Gijón, Asturias, Spain. lcallemiguel@gmail.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calle-Miguel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez-Méndez
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Miguel-Martínez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lombraña-Álvarez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Solís-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004917:Erythromycin