title: Increased Cell Proliferation and Gene Expression of Genes Related to Bone Remodeling, Cell Adhesion and Collagen Metabolism in the Periodontal Ligament of Unopposed Molars in Growing Rats.
abstract: Tooth eruption, the process by which teeth emerge from within the alveolar bone into the oral cavity, is poorly understood. The post-emergent phase of tooth eruption continues throughout life, in particular, if teeth are not opposed by antagonists. The aim of the present study was to better understand the molecular processes underlying post-emergent tooth eruption. Toward this goal, we removed the crowns of the maxillary molars on one side of the mouth of 14 young rats and examined gene expression patterns in the periodontal ligaments (PDLs) of the ipsilateral and contralateral mandibular molars, 3 and 15 days later. Nine untreated rats served as controls. Expression of six genes, Adamts18, Ostn, P4ha3, Panx3, Pth1r, and Tnmd, was upregulated in unopposed molars relative to molars with antagonists. These genes function in osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, cell adhesion and collagen metabolism. Proliferation of PDL cells also increased following loss of the antagonist teeth. Interestingly, mutations in PTH1R have been linked to defects in the post-emergent phase of tooth eruption in humans. We conclude that post-emergent eruption of unopposed teeth is associated with gene expression patterns conducive to alveolar bone formation and PDL remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Domna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dorotheou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Farsadaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marie-Luce
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bochaton-Piallat
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giannopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thanos D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Halazonetis
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiliaridis
keywords: cell proliferation; dental occlusion; gene expression; periodontal ligament; tooth eruption