title: Antitumor and antimetastatic activities of rhamnogalacturonan-II-type polysaccharide isolated from mature leaves of green tea via activation of macrophages and natural killer cells.
abstract: To investigate the antitumor and antimetastatic polysaccharide from the mature leaves of green tea, GTE-II was purified using size exclusion chromatography. GTE-II consisted of 15 different sugars including rarely observed sugars such as 2-O-methyl-fucose, 2-O-methyl-xylose, apiose, aceric acid, 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid, and 3-deoxy-d-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid, which were characteristics of pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan-II. Treatment of peritoneal macrophages with GTE-II not only increased interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12 production, but also had significantly increased tumoricidal activity against Yac-1 tumor cells than those obtained from untreated mice. In an assay of natural killer (NK) cell activity, intravenous administration of GTE-II significantly stimulated NK cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells. Furthermore, the depletion of NK cells by injection of rabbit anti-asialo GM1 serum eliminated the inhibitory effect of GTE-II on B16BL6 melanoma cells. These data suggest that GTE-II inhibits tumor metastasis, and its antitumor effect is associated with activation of macrophages and NK cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi, South Korea; Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Ryung
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dahyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Bionic Trading Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi, South Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Young
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi, South Korea. Electronic address: ksshin@kyonggi.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kwang-Soon
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006031:Glycosylation; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013662:Tea; C042492:rhamnogalacturonan II; D010368:Pectins; D011096:Polygalacturonase
keywords: Antimetastatic activity; Green tea; Macrophage; Natural killer cell; Rhamnogalacturonan II