title: The Efficacy of Immediate Implant Placement in Extraction Sockets for Alveolar Bone Preservation: A Clinical Evaluation Using Three-Dimensional Cone Beam Computerized Tomography and Resonance Frequency Analysis Value.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of immediate implant placement with alveolar bone augmentation on socket preservation following atraumatic tooth extraction and comparing it with a tooth alveolar socket that was allowed to heal in a conventional way.Twenty medically fit patients (8 males and 12 females aged between 18 and 40 years) who needed noncomplicated tooth extraction of mandibular premolar teeth were divided randomly and equally into 2 groups. In Group I, the empty extraction socket was left untreated and allowed to heal in a conventional way. In Group II, the immediate implant was placed and the gap between the implant and the inner buccal plate surface of the socket wall was filled with lyophilized bovine bone granules and the wound was covered with pericardium membrane. The patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for regular reviews at 1 week, 3 months, and 9 months postoperative. Cone beam computerized tomography images of the alveolar ridge and socket were analyzed to determine the structural changes of the alveolar ridge. Resonance frequency analysis was measured at 9 months for Group II to assess the degree of secondary stability of the implants by using Osstell machine.A significant difference of bone resorption of 1.49 mm (confidence interval, CI 95%, 0.63-2.35) was observed within the control group at 3 months, and 1.84 mm (P ≤ 0.05) at 9 months intervals. No significant changes of bone resorption were observed in Group II. Comparison between groups showed a highly significant difference at 3 months; 2.56 mm (CI 95% 4.22-0.90) and at 9 months intervals; 3.2 mm (CI 95%, 4.70-1.62) P ≤ 0.001 between Group I and II. High resonance frequency analysis values were observed at 9 months postoperative in Group II.In conclusion, the insertion of immediate implants in fresh extraction sockets together with grafting the circumferential gap between the bony socket wall and the implant surface with bovine bone granules was able to preserve a greater amount of alveolar ridge volume when compared with an extraction socket that was left to heal in a conventional way.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah †Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), Sharjah, United Arab Emirates ‡School of Dental Sciences Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ali Al
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Qabbani
authors.forename: Noor Hayati A
authors.initials: NHA
authors.lastname: Razak
authors.forename: Sausan Al
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kawas
authors.forename: Suzina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheikh Abdul Hamid
authors.forename: Saad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wahbi
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Samsudin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002417:Cattle; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D000074269:Resonance Frequency Analysis; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D014945:Wound Healing; D055815:Young Adult