title: Enhanced vascular biocompatibility of decellularized xeno-/allogeneic matrices in a rodent model.
abstract: Glutaraldehyde preservation is the gold standard for cardiovascular biological prosthesis. However, secondary calcifications and the absence of tissue growth remain major limitations. Our study assessed in vitro and in vivo the biocompatibility of human (fascia lata, pericardium) and porcine tissues (pericardium, peritoneum) treated with a physicochemical procedure for decellularization and non-conventional pathogens inactivation. Biopsies were performed before and after treatment to assess decellularization (HE/Dapi staining/DNA quantification/MHC I/alpha gal immunostaining) and mechanical integrity. Forty-five rats received an abdominal aortic patch of native cryopreserved tissues (n = 20), treated tissues (n = 20) or glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium (GBP, control, n = 5). Grafts were explanted at 4 weeks and processed for HE/von Kossa staining and immunohistochemistries for lymphocytes (CD3)/macrophages (CD68) histomorphometry. 95% of decellularization was obtained for all tissues except for fascia lata (75%). Mechanical properties were slightly altered. In the in vivo model, a significant increase of CD3 and CD68 infiltrations was found in native and control implants in comparison with decellularized tissues (p < 0.05). Calcifications were found in 3 controls. Decellularized tissues were recolonized. GBP showed the most inflammatory response. This physicochemical treatment improves the biocompatibility of selected xeno/allogeneic tissues in comparison with their respective native cryopreserved tissues and with GBP. Incomplete decellularization is associated with a significantly higher inflammatory response. Our treatment is a promising tool in the field of tissue decellularization and tissue banking.
authors.affiliation: Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 55, 1200, Brussels, Belgium. mathieu.vansteenberghe@uclouvain.be.|Cardiac Surgery Department, University Clinical Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. mathieu.vansteenberghe@uclouvain.be.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Steenberghe
authors.affiliation: Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 55, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.|Service d'orthopédie et de traumatologie de l'appareil locomoteur, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.|Unité de thérapie tissulaire et cellulaire de l'appareil locomoteur, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Service d'anatomopathologie, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guiot
authors.affiliation: Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Pharmacologie et de Thérapeutique (FATH), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouzin
authors.affiliation: Secteur des Sciences et Technologies, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, Centre de Recherche en Energie et Mécatronique (CEREM), Université catholique de Louvain, Place du Levant, 2 L5-04-01, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bollen
authors.affiliation: Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 55, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gianello
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005206:Fascia Lata / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005976:Glutaral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D010496:Pericardium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013552:Swine; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D017252:CD3 Complex; D004247:DNA; D005976:Glutaral; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
keywords: Allograft; Biocompatibility testing; Cell-free; Glutaraldehyde-stabilized grafts; Rodents; Vascular prosthesis; Xenograft