title: Euterpe edulis effects on cardiac and renal tissues of Wistar rats fed with cafeteria diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study's objective was to evaluate the antioxidant and toxic effects of E. edulison cardiac and renal tissues of Wistar rats fed with cafeteria diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in cardiac muscle and renal tissue of 60 animals, which were randomly assigned for 10 equal groups. Half of the rats were fed with cafeteria diet and the other half with commercial chow, combined or not to E. edulislyophilized extract, E. edulis deffated lyophilized extract or E. edulisoil. Data were evaluated using ANOVA, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data showed a significant increase of CAT activity in cardiac tissue of animals from the groups fed with cafeteria diet associated to E. edulis lyophilized extract at 5%, E. edulis lyophilized extract at 10% and E. edulis deffated lyophilized extract at 10%. In addition, the same result was found in animals from the groups fed with commercial chow and commercial chow combined with E. edulislyophilized extract at 10% in comparison to the group fed exclusively with cafeteria diet. GST and SOD enzyme activity showed significant increase in the heart tissue of animals nourished with commercial chow when compared to the groups fed with cafeteria diet. On the other hand, there were no significant differences enzymatic levels in renal tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The oil and the extract of E. edulishad an important role promoting an increase of antioxidant enzymes levels in cardiac muscle, which prevent the oxidative damage resulting from the cafeteria diet in Wistar rats. There were no evidenced signs of lipid peroxidation in renal or in cardiac tissue of the animals studied, indicating that the E. edulisuse did not promote any increase in malondialdehyde cytotoxic products formation. This show that both E. edulis oil and extracts evaluated in this study were well tolerated in the studied doses.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Minas Gerais, Brasil. rodrigodebarrosfreitas@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Barrios Freitas
authors.forename: Fernanda Araujo
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Melato
authors.forename: Jerusa Maria de
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Daniel Silva Sena
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.forename: Raisa Mirella
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: João Paulo Viana
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Luciana Moreira
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D065748:Euterpe / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Euterpe edulis.  Cafeteria diet.  Antioxidant enzymes.  Anthocyanins.