title: Analysis of the Adherence of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials.
abstract: Among various biomaterials used as scaffolds in tissue engineering, silk fibroin is a highly attractive material. A scaffold should be biocompatible and nontoxic, with optimal physical features and mechanical properties. For this reason, tissue-engineering approaches in regenerative medicine have focused on investigating the biocompatibility of possible biomaterials by analyzing cell-scaffold interaction properties. The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of silk fibroin as a film (two-dimensional [2D]) and a scaffold (three-dimensional [3D]) after being cellularized with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Human dental pulp stem cells were isolated from healthy patients aged between 18 and 31 years. Further, silk fibroin-based 2D films and 3D scaffolds were prepared. Human dental pulp stem cells were directly seeded onto the biomaterial surfaces and their proliferation, adherence, and cell morphology were analyzed after 24, 120, and 168 hours. Additionally, the characteristics of the silk fibroin 2D films and 3D scaffolds before and after cell seeding were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. After the initial 24 hours, silk fibroin-based 3D scaffolds displayed more adhered cells with a suitable fibroblastic morphology than those displayed on the 2D films. After longer culture times, hDPSCs proliferated sufficiently to cover the entire surface of the 3D silk fibroin scaffold, whereas the 2D films were only partially covered. Our results indicate the good in vitro biocompatibility of silk fibroin-based biomaterials, especially when 3D scaffolds rather than 2D films are used.
authors.affiliation: *Faculty of Medicine, School of Dentistry †Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB, University of Murcia ‡Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: María Pilar
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Pecci-Lloret
authors.forename: Mar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vera-Sánchez
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aznar-Cervantes
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: García-Bernal
authors.forename: Ricardo Oñate
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Miguel Ramón
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pecci-Lloret
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moraleda
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cenis
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Lozano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005349:Fibroins; D006801:Humans; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005349:Fibroins