title: Coinfection withHymenolepis nana,Hymenolepis diminuta,Giardia intestinalis, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Report with Complex Immunologic Interactions.
abstract: AbstractWe describe the case of a 43-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-infected man receiving combined antiretroviral therapy and coinfected withHymenolepis nana,Hymenolepis diminuta, andGiardia intestinalis, presenting as chronic diarrhea and critical weight loss. Immunological aspects of these interactions are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina "José María Vargas," Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Gladymar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pérez-Chacón
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina "José María Vargas," Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Leonor A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pocaterra
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Parasitosis Intestinales, Escuela de Medicina "José María Vargas," Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Elsy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina "José María Vargas," Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernán
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina "José María Vargas," Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Luz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Núñez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060085:Coinfection; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D006925:Hymenolepiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D048190:Hymenolepis diminuta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D048189:Hymenolepis nana / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D013844:Thiazoles; D008795:Metronidazole; D011223:Praziquantel; C016724:secnidazole; C041747:nitazoxanide