title: The impact of air pollution in the Southern Bohemia Region on fetuses and newborns.
abstract: Air pollution with increased concentrations of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs, represented by benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P) affect fetal development, reduce birth weights (LBW) of newborns, and increases intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The Southern Bohemia Region is believed to be one of the least air polluted regions in the Czech Republic. Monitoring air pollution in the city of České Budějovice from 2011-2015, PM2.5 (particulate matter <2.5 µm) decreased from 20.3 ± 14.5 µg/m3 to 14.3 ± 8.6 µg/m3, but concentrations of B[a]P did not change between the years 2007-2015: 1.5 ± 0.6 ng/m3 vs. 1.4 ± 1.4 ng/m3. Higher B[a]P concentrations the winter induce genetic damage in newborns, increase frequency of micronuclei (chromosomal aberrations), deregulate genes for immunity in umbilical cord blood, and increase incidence of IUGR and LBW in newborns.
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Selected Medical Disciplines, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veleminsky
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Emergency Care, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanzl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Radim J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced*; D018153:Czech Republic; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene