title: Screening and evaluation of commonly-used anti-influenza Chinese herbal medicines based on anti-neuraminidase activity.
abstract: Anti-influenza Chinese herbal medicines (anti-flu CHMs) have advantages in preventing and treating influenza virus infection. Despite various data on antiviral activities of some anti-flu CHMs have been reported, most of them could not be compared using the standard evaluation methods for antiviral activity. This situation poses an obstacle to a wide application of anti-flu CHMs. Thus, it was necessary to develop an evaluation method to estimate antiviral activities of anti-flu CHMs. In the present study, we searched for anti-flu CHMs, based on clinic usage, to select study objects from commonly-used patented anti-flu Chinese medicines. Then, a neuraminidase-based bioassay, optimized and verified by HPLC method by our research group, was adopted to detect antiviral activities of selected 26 anti-flu CHMs. Finally, eight of these herbs, including Coptidis Rhizoma, Isatidis Folium, Lonicerae Flos, Scutellaria Radix, Cyrtomium Rhizome, Houttuynia Cordata, Gardeniae Fructus, and Chrysanthemi Indici Flos, were shown to have strong antiviral activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values being 2.02 to 6.78 mg·mL-1(expressed as raw materials). In contrast, the IC50value of positive control peramivir was 0.38 mg·mL-1. Considering the extract yields of CHMs, the active component in these herbs may have a stronger antiviral activity than peramivir, suggesting that these herbs could be further researched for active compounds. Moreover, the proposed neuraminidase-based bioassay was high-throughput and simple and could be used for evaluation and screening of anti-flu CHMs as well as for their quality control.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ding-Kun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Wu-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Cong-En
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China. Electronic address: pharm_sci@126.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China. Electronic address: zhaoyl_123@126.com.
authors.forename: Yan-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-He
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014764:Viral Proteins; D009439:Neuraminidase
keywords: Anti-influenza; Bioassay; Chinese herbal medicines; Evaluation; Screening; Viral neuraminidase