title: Nitric oxide is involved in the oxytetracycline-induced suppression of root growth through inhibiting hydrogen peroxide accumulation in the root meristem.
abstract: Use of antibiotic-contaminated manure in crop production poses a severe threat to soil and plant health. However, few studies have studied the mechanism by which plant development is affected by antibiotics. Here, we used microscopy, flow cytometry, gene expression analysis and fluorescent dyes to study the effects of oxytetracycline (OTC), a widely used antibiotic in agriculture, on root meristem activity and the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) in the root tips of tomato seedlings. We found that OTC caused cell cycle arrest, decreased the size of root meristem and inhibited root growth. Interestingly, the inhibition of root growth by OTC was associated with a decline in H2O2levels but an increase in NO levels in the root tips. Diphenyliodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of H2O2production, showed similar effects on root growth as those of OTC. However, exogenous H2O2partially reversed the effects on the cell cycle, meristem size and root growth. Importantly, cPTIO (the NO scavenger) and tungstate (an inhibitor of nitrate reductase) significantly increased H2O2levels in the root tips and reversed the inhibition of root growth by OTC. Out results suggest that OTC-induced NO production inhibits H2O2accumulation in the root tips, thus leading to cell cycle arrest and suppression of root growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Xiang
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Golam Jalal
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ahammed
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pesticide &Environmental Toxicology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.|Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Quan
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jian
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010118:Oxytetracycline