title: Update on Chlamydia trachomatis Vaccinology.
abstract: Attempts to produce a vaccine to protect againstChlamydia trachomatis-induced trachoma were initiated more than 100 years ago and continued for several decades. Using whole organisms, protective responses were obtained. However, upon exposure toC. trachomatis, disease exacerbation developed in some immunized individuals, precluding the implementation of the vaccine. Evidence of the role ofC. trachomatisas a sexually transmitted pathogen started to emerge in the 1960s, and it soon became evident that it can cause acute infections and long-term sequelae in women, men, and newborns. The main focus of this minireview is to summarize recent findings and discuss formulations, including antigens, adjuvants, routes, and delivery systems for immunization, primarily explored in the female mouse model, with the goal of implementing a vaccine againstC. trachomatisgenital infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA lmdelama@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de la Maza
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Research Laboratory, University of British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brunham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines
keywords: Chlamydia muridarum; Chlamydia trachomatis; Chlamydia trachomatis vaccines; adjuvants; antigens; delivery systems; routes of immunization; vaccinology