title: Synthesis of the novel PARP-1 inhibitor AG-690/11026014 and its protective effects on angiotensin II-induced mouse cardiac remodeling.
abstract: We previously identified AG-690/11026014 (6014) as a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor that effectively prevented angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In the present study, we reported a new synthesis route for 6014, and investigated its protective effects on Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms in mice. We designed a new synthesis route to obtain a sufficient quantity of 6014 for this in vivo study. C57BL/6J mice were infused with Ang II and treated with 6014 (10, 30, 90 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) for 4 weeks. Then two-dimensional echocardiography was performed to assess the cardiac function and structure. Histological changes of the hearts were examined with HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining. The protein expression was evaluated by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. The activities of sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) and the content of NAD+ were detected with the corresponding test kits. Treatment with 6014 dose-dependently improved cardiac function, including LVEF, CO and SV and reversed the changes of cardiac structure in Ang II-infused mice: it significantly ameliorated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by attenuating the enlargement of cardiomyocytes, decreased HW/BW and LVW/BW, and decreased expression of hypertrophic markers ANF, BNP and β-MHC; it also prevented Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis, as implied by the decrease in excess accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components collagen I, collagen III and FN. Further studies revealed that treatment with 6014 did not affect the expression levels of PARP-1, but dose-dependently inhibited the activity of PARP-1 and subsequently restored the activity of SIRT-1 in heart tissues due to the decreased consumption of NAD+ and attenuated Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of SIRT-1. In conclusion, the novel PARP-1 inhibitor 6014 effectively protects mice against AngII-induced cardiac remodeling and improves cardiac function. Thus, 6014 might be a potential therapeutic agent for heart diseases..
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Shuai
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Cui-Ge
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Pan-Xia
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Ji-nan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Lan-Lan
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Rui
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Qing
authors.initials: PQ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013864:Thioglycolates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*; D014970:Xanthines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: C000595233:AG-690; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D013864:Thioglycolates; D014970:Xanthines; D000804:Angiotensin II; C499321:Parp1 protein, mouse; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1