title: Potential Risk Factors for the Development of Self-Injurious Behavior among Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder.
abstract: Prevalence of self-injurious behavior (SIB) is as high as 50% among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Identification of risk factors for the development of SIB is critical to early intervention and prevention. However, there is little empirical research utilizing a prospective design to identify early risk factors for SIB. The purpose of this study was to evaluate behavioral characteristics predicting SIB at age 2 years among 235 infants at high familial risk for ASD. Logistic regression results indicated that presence of SIB or proto-SIB and lower developmental functioning at age 12 months significantly predicted SIB at 24 months. A pattern of persistent SIB over this period was associated with a diagnosis of autism and poorer cognitive and adaptive outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, 56 East River Rd., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Adele F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dimian
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Botteron
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Dager
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Jed T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Elison
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Annette M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pruett
authors.affiliation: Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Lonnie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zwaigenbaum
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piven
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, 56 East River Rd., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. jjwolff@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Jason J
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4300-8195
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wolff
mesh_terms: D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Infants; Repetitive behavior; Risk factors; Self-injurious behavior