title: Versatile Spectral and Lifetime Multiplexing Nanoplatform with Excitation Orthogonalized Upconversion Luminescence.
abstract: Optical encoding together with color multiplexing benefits on-site detection, and enriching the components with narrow emissions from lanthanide could greatly increase the coding density. Here, we show a typical example to combine emission color and lifetime that are simultaneously integrated in a single lanthanide nanoparticle. With the multicompartment core/shell structure, the nanoparticles can activate different emitting pathways under varied excitation. This enables the nanoparticles to generate versatile excitation orthogonalized upconversion luminescence in both emission colors and lifetimes. As a typical example, green emission of Er3+and blue emission of Tm3+can be triggered with 808 and 980 nm lasers, respectively. Moreover, with incorporation of Tb3+, not only is emission from Tb3+introduced but also the lifetime difference of 0.13 ms (Er3+) and 3.6 ms (Tb3+) is yielded for the green emission, respectively. Multiplexed fingerprint imaging and time-gated luminescence imaging were achieved in wavelength and lifetime dimensions. The spectral and lifetime encoding ability from lanthanide luminescence greatly broadens the scope of luminescent materials for optical multiplexing studies.
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Dong
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yuyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Fuyou
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8729-1979
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Hua
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0581-2951
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yan
keywords: core/shell nanoparticle; energy transfer; lanthanide; multiplexing; upconversion