title: Resilience, work engagement and stress reactivity in a middle-aged manual worker population.
abstract: Work stress is a growing problem in Europe. Together, the negative physiological effect of stress on health, and increasing age increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in those aged over 50years. Therefore, identifying older workers who may be at risk of work-related stress, and its physiological effects, is key to promoting their health and wellbeing in the workforce. The present study examined the relationship between perceived psychological resilience and work-related factors (work engagement and presenteeism) and the physiological response to acute psychological stress in older manual workers in the UK. Thirty-one participants, mean (SD) age 54.9 (3.78)years reported perceived levels of resilience, work engagement, and presenteeism using standardized questionnaires. Cardiovascular measurements (heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) and salivary cortisol were used to assess their physiological response to an acute psychological stress task. Resilience was not associated with work-related factors or reactivity. However, workers with higher work engagement showed lower SBP (p=0.02) and HR (p=0.001) reactivity than those with lower work engagement. Further, those with higher sickness presenteeism also had higher HR reactivity (p=0.03). This suggests a potential pathway by which higher work stress might contribute to the risk of future cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: Julie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Black
authors.affiliation: School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Balanos
authors.affiliation: School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address: a.c.phillips@bham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Anna C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Whittaker Previously Phillips
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000073397:Occupational Stress / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D000074824:Work Engagement
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Cardiovascular reactivity; Cortisol; Older workers; Resilience