title: Evaluation of die trim morphology made by CAD-CAM technology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The die contour can affect the emergence profile of prosthetic restorations. However, little information is available regarding the congruency between a stereolithographic (SLA) die and its corresponding natural tooth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this vitro study was to evaluate the shapes of SLA die in comparison with the subgingival contour of a prepared tooth to be restored with a ceramic crown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty extracted human teeth, 10 incisors, and 10 molars, were disinfected and mounted in a typodont model. The teeth were prepared for a ceramic restoration. Definitive impressions were made using an intraoral scanner from which 20 SLA casts with removable dies were fabricated. The removable dies and corresponding human teeth were digitized using a 3-dimensional desktop scanner and evaluated with computer-aided design software. The subgingival morphology with regard to angle, length, and volume at the buccolingual and mesiodistal surfaces and at zones A, B, C, and D were compared. Data were first analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), using locations (buccolingual and mesiodistal), zones (A, B, C, and D), and model type (SLA and Natural) as within-subject factors and tooth type (molar and incisor) as the between-subject factor. Post hoc analyses were performed to investigate the difference between natural teeth and corresponding SLA models, depending upon the interaction effect from the repeated measures ANOVA (α=.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For angle analysis, the incisor group demonstrated a significant difference between the natural tooth and SLA die on the buccolingual surfaces (P<.05), whereas the molar group demonstrated a significant difference at the mesiodistal surfaces (P<.05). For the evaluation of length and volume, the incisor group showed significant differences in zone D on both the buccolingual (P<.05) and the mesiodistal (P<.05) surfaces. However, significant differences in zones C (P<.05) and D (P<.05) on the buccolingual surfaces and in all zones on the mesiodistal surfaces were observed in the molar group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the comparison of angles, SLA dies did not replicate the subgingival contour of natural teeth on the buccolingual surfaces of the incisal groups. For the comparison of length and volume, SLA dies were more concave and did not replicate the subgingival contour of natural teeth in the incisal and molar groups.
authors.affiliation: Resident, Graduate Prosthodontics, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wis.
authors.forename: Pratiksha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor and Program Director, Postgraduate Program in Prosthodontics, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wis.
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor and Director, Predoctoral Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Department of General Dental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wis. Electronic address: seokhwan.cho@marquette.edu.
authors.forename: Seok-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Professor and Assistant Program Director, Postgraduate Program in Prosthodontics, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wis.
authors.forename: Gerald J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ziebert
mesh_terms: D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar; D000076227:Stereolithography; D019231:Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic / Q000379:methods*