title: Coumarins scaffolds as COX inhibitors.
abstract: The discovery of COX enzymes has led to a better understanding of inflammation and its related biological pathways. Apart from being related to inflammation and pain, it has also been associated with cancer and neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Proverbially speaking, study of these enzymes has been crucial as they happen to "have fingers in many pies". Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) that act specifically as COX-2 inhibitors have been known for a while; however these are also associated with severe side effects such as cardiac problems. Several heterocylic molecules have been tested for their anti-inflammatory activity specifically as COX-inhibitors. Coumarins also known as benzopyrans are widely found in nature, and are routinely employed as herbal remedies since early days. Over 1300 coumarins have been identified, principally as secondary metabolites in green plants, fungi and bacteria. Recently the use of natural and synthetic coumarins has garnered a lot of attention for their anti-inflammatory activities. In this review we delve further into the study of natural and synthetic coumarins as COX-inhibitors. Although the study is still in its nascent stage, we believe there is scope for a lot of development.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Hrishikesh Mohan
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Revankar
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Aljouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: snab_hussaini@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Syed Nasir Abbas
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Bukhari
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Gajjela Bharath
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: qinhuali@whut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hua-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003374:Coumarins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003374:Coumarins; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Anti-inflammatory; COX-1 enzymes; COX-2 enzymes; Coumarins; NSAID