title: Human capital gaps in vaccine development: an issue for global vaccine development and global health.
abstract: Despite the success of vaccines in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with infectious diseases, many infectious diseases, both newly emerging and well known, lack vaccines. The global capability for beginning-to-end vaccine development has become limited, primarily owing to a scarcity of human capital necessary to guide the development of novel vaccines from the laboratory to the marketplace. Here, we identify and discuss the gaps in human capital necessary for robust vaccine development and make recommendations to begin to address these deficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, New York.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cawein
authors.affiliation: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Emini
authors.affiliation: Valera LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dailey
authors.affiliation: Vaccinology Consulting, Morage, California.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tresnan
authors.affiliation: Aeras, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Vaxconsult, LLC.
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Plotkin
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Inc., Pearl River, New York.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics*; D002202:Capital Financing / Q000191:economics*; D014943:Global Health / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D014612:Vaccines / Q000191:economics*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: development; human capital; public health; training; vaccine; vaccinology