title: Assessing upper-extremity motion: An innovative method to quantify functional capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Assessment of functional capacity is important in directing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care (e.g., rehabilitation and discharge readiness), and in predicting outcomes (e.g., exacerbation, hospitalization, and mortality). The 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) test for functional capacity assessment, may be time-consuming and burdensome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the current study was to evaluate an upper-extremity function (UEF) test for assessing functional capacity in older adults with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 49 older adults (≥55 years) with diagnosed COPD were recruited, and pulmonary function measures and 6MWD were obtained. Participants wore wireless sensors on forearm and upper-arm and performed rapid elbow flexion for 20 seconds (the UEF test). Slowness was assessed by measuring elbow speed, and acceleration and weakness (muscle strength) were assessed by measuring power of movement and elbow moment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Speed, power, and moment UEF parameters were independently associated with 6MWD, when controlling for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.78, p < .001). Elbow moment showed significant Pearson correlations with all pulmonary function measures and maximal inspiratory/expiratory pressure measures (r = 0.35-0.69, p<0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results show promise of a quick upper-extremity measure of functional capacity in patients with COPD, and as an outcome measure in clinical COPD trials.
authors.affiliation: Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.|Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toosizadeh
authors.affiliation: Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.|Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cristine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bime
authors.affiliation: Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.|Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.|Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.affiliation: Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.|Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohler
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000070857:Walk Test / Q000379:methods*