title: The profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and association with disease activity.
abstract: We investigated the association between dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), serum profiles, and immune and inflammatory markers in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in relation to onset, activity, and duration. A total of 66 JIA patients and 42 controls were included. Serum PUFA levels were assessed by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, a dietary intake by 7-day dietary record method, and IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A levels using ELISA. Dietary PUFA intake did not differ between the JIA group and controls. Intakes of n-6 and n-3 PUFA and serum levels were not associated. Levels of total n-6 PUFA and linoleic acid (LA) were higher in inactive JIA than in active JIA. Patients with active and short-lasting disease (less than 3 months from diagnosis) had significantly lower levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) than the control. Serum α-linolenic acid (ALA) levels were significantly higher in poly-JIA than in oligo-JIA and in controls. We found significantly higher serum IL-10 levels in JIA than in controls. Serum n-6 and n-3 levels were significantly negatively correlated with active joint count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein and positively with platelet count. Our study presents the low levels of AA and DHA in the active phase of short-lasting JIA, particularly poly-JIA, and the relationship between n-6 and n-3 PUFA and classic markers of inflammation. PUFAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of JIA and support a necessity to identify new targets suitable for successful interventional studies in JIA patients.
authors.affiliation: Third Department and Clinic of Paediatrics, Immunology and Rheumatology of Developmental Age, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. daiva.gorczyca@am.wroc.pl.
authors.forename: Daiva
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gorczyca
authors.affiliation: First Department of Paediatrics Pulmonology and Rheumatology, University of Medicine in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Postępski
authors.affiliation: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czajkowska
authors.affiliation: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paściak
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prescha
authors.affiliation: First Department of Paediatrics Pulmonology and Rheumatology, University of Medicine in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Olesińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, John Paul II Paediatric Centre, Sosnowiec, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gruenpeter
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, John Paul II Paediatric Centre, Sosnowiec, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lachór-Motyka
authors.affiliation: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Bogumiła
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Szponar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D007378:Interleukins
keywords: Dietary intake; Disease activity; Inflammatory markers; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; n-3 PUFA; n-6 PUFA