title: Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a rare and possibly underdiagnosed disorder.
abstract: METHODS
  Series of cases collected from Brazilian centers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 13 cases of patients presenting with progressive histories of neurological dysfunction caused by SS-CNS. The most frequent clinical findings in these patients were progressive gait ataxia, hearing loss, hyperreflexia and cognitive dysfunction. The diagnoses of SS-CNS were made seven months to 30 years after the disease onset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SS-CNS is a rare disease that may remain undiagnosed for long periods. Awareness of this condition is essential for the clinician.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Departamento de Neurologia, Santos SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Yara Dadalti
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Fragoso
authors.affiliation: Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Tarso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adoni
authors.affiliation: Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Departamento de Neurologia, Santos SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Joseph Bruno Bidin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa e.
authors.forename: Sidney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Centro Hospitalar Unimed, Departamento de Neurologia, Joinville SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinicius Magno
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Goncalves
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, Departamento de Radiologia, Brasília DF, Brasil.
authors.forename: Cassio Lemos
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Jovem
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Neurologia, Niterói RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Andre Palma da Cunha
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Matta
authors.affiliation: Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Departamento de Neurologia, Blumenau SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Joao Filipe
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Departamento de Neurologia, Blumenau SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Siquinelli
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, Departamento de Neurologia, Brasília DF, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carlos Bernardo
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Tauil
authors.affiliation: Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Departamento de Neurologia, Santos SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Navarro
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Troiani
authors.affiliation: IdHera, Departamento de Neurorradiologia, Joinville SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Wille
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012806:Siderosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*