title: Synthesis of novel monomeric graphene quantum dots and corresponding nanocomposite with molecularly imprinted polymer for electrochemical detection of an anticancerous ifosfamide drug.
abstract: This paper reports a typical synthesis of a nanocomposite of functionalized graphene quantum dots and imprinted polymer at the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode using N-acryloyl-4-aminobenzamide, as a functional monomer, and an anticancerous drug, ifosfamide, as a print molecule (test analyte). Herein, graphene quantum dots in nanocomposite practically induced the electrocatalytic activity by lowering the oxidation overpotential of test analyte and thereby amplifying electronic transmission, without any interfacial barrier in between the film and the electrode surface. The differential pulse anodic stripping signal at functionalized graphene quantum dots based imprinted sensor was realized to be about 3- and 7-fold higher as compared to the traditionally made imprinted polymers prepared in the presence and the absence of graphene quantum dots (un-functionalized), respectively. This may be attributed to a pertinent synergism in between the positively charged functionalized graphene quantum dots in the film and the target analyte toward the enhancement of electro-conductivity of the film and thereby the electrode kinetics. In fact, the covalent attachment of graphene quantum dots with N-acryloyl-4-aminobenzamide molecules might exert an extended conjugation at their interface facilitating electro conducting to render the channelized pathways for the electron transport. The proposed sensor is practically applicable to the ultratrace evaluation of ifosfamide in real (biological/pharmaceutical) samples with detection limit as low as 0.11ngmL-1(S/N=3), without any matrix effect, cross-reactivity, and false-positives.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Division, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Electronic address: prof.bbpd@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Bhim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bali Prasad
authors.affiliation: Analytical Division, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Analytical Division, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: Ragini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D006108:Graphite / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057230:Limit of Detection; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D006108:Graphite; D007069:Ifosfamide
keywords: Electrochemical sensor; Ifosfamide; Molecularly imprinted polymer; Monomeric graphene quantum dots