title: Younger Age and Health Beliefs Associated with Being Overdue for Pap Testing among Utah Latinas who were Non-Adherent to Cancer Screening Guidelines.
abstract: Factors associated with being overdue for Papanicoloau (Pap) testing in a Latina community were examined. Female participants aged ≥ 21 years, who were overdue for one or more cancer screenings (N = 206), were purposively recruited. Descriptive statistics, Fisher's Exact Tests for count data, and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted. Participants overdue for cancer screening, aged 38-47 years demonstrated lower odds of being overdue for Pap testing compared with those 21-37 years old (OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.01-0.49, p = 0.01). Lower perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer (OR = 3.21, p = 0.02), and poorer perceived health (OR = 3.74, p < 0.01) was associated with being overdue for Pap testing. Cost/lack of insurance was the most common barrier reported among those overdue for Pap testing. Among an underserved population of Latinas, cost or a lack of health insurance persist as barriers to Pap testing. Evaluation of systematic barriers to accessing Pap testing for lower-income, uninsured individuals is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. djin.lai@hci.utah.edu.|College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. djin.lai@hci.utah.edu.|Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Room 4127, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. djin.lai@hci.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Djin
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5247-0010
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bodson
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.|College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Echo L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Shauna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayres
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.|College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Deanna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kepka
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D065006:Papanicolaou Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010465:Perception; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014589:Utah; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cancer screening; Healthcare disparities; Latinas; Papanicolaou test; Women’s health