title: Glucose capped silver nanoparticles induce cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells.
abstract: This study aims to determine the interaction (uptake and biological effects on cell viability and cell cycle progression) of glucose capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-G) on human epithelioid cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cells, in relation to amount, 2×103or 2×104NPs/cell, and exposure time, up to 48h. The spherical and well dispersed AgNPs (30±5nm) were obtained by using glucose as reducing agent in a green synthesis method that ensures to stabilize AgNPs avoiding cytotoxic soluble silver ions Ag+release. HeLa cells take up abundantly and rapidly AgNPs-G resulting toxic to cells in amount and incubation time dependent manner. HeLa cells were arrested at S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle and subG1 population increased when incubated with 2×104AgNPs-G/cell. Mitotic index decreased accordingly. The dissolution experiments demonstrated that the observed effects were due only to AgNPs-G since glucose capping prevents Ag+release. The AgNPs-G influence on HeLa cells viability and cell cycle progression suggest that AgNPs-G, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics, may be exploited for the development of novel antiproliferative treatment in cancer therapy. However, the possible influence of the cell cycle on cellular uptake of AgNPs-G and the mechanism of AgNPs entry in cells need further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: elisa.panzarini@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Panzarini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: stefania.mariano@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mariano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: cristian.vergallo@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vergallo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: elisabetta.carata@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carata
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: gianmaria.fimia@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Gian Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Fimia
authors.affiliation: Department of Base and Applied Science to Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: francesco.mura@uniromal.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mura
authors.affiliation: Department of Base and Applied Science to Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: marco.rossi@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vergaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Institute of Nanotechnology - CNR (CNR-NANOTEC) Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciccarella
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: marco.corazzari@uniroma2.it.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corazzari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; CNR Nanotec, Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: luciana.dini@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dini
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012834:Silver; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Cell cycle; Cytotoxicity; HeLa cells; Nanoparticles uptake; Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)