title: Presenting features and imaging in childhood acute myeloid leukemia with central nervous system involvement.
abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can manifest as leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid, a solid CNS tumor, or as neurological symptoms. We evaluated the presenting symptoms and neuroimaging findings in 33 of 34 children with AML and CNS involvement at diagnosis in the period 2000-2012 in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. Imaging was performed in 22 patients, of whom 16 had CNS-related symptoms. Seven patients, including all but two with facial palsy, had mastoid cell opacification, considered an incidental finding. The frequent involvement of the mastoid bone with facial palsy warrants evaluation in larger series.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ranta
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Maarit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palomäki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levinsen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: Mervi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taskinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abrahamsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasle
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: Kirsi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jahnukainen
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heyman
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harila-Saari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: CNS; MRI; acute myeloid leukemia; pediatric