title: Metacognitive beliefs and rumination as predictors of anger: A prospective study.
abstract: The metacognitive approach conceptualizes the relationship between anger and rumination as driven by metacognitive beliefs, which are information individuals hold about their own cognition and about coping strategies that impact on it. The present study aimed to test the prospective predictive impact of metacognitive beliefs and rumination on anger in a community sample. Seventy-six participants were recruited and engaged in a 2-week anger, rumination, and metacognitive beliefs monitoring protocol. A multi-wave panel design was employed to test whether metacognitive beliefs and rumination have a prospective impact on anger. Metacognitive beliefs and rumination were found to have a significant prospective impact on anger that was independent from the number of triggering events. Metacognitive beliefs about the need to control thoughts were shown to have a direct impact on subsequent anger, independently from rumination. These findings provide support for the potential value for applying metacognitive theory and therapy to anger-related problems. Aggr. Behav. 43:421-429, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy.|Studi Cognitivi, Milan, Italy.|London South Bank University, London, UK.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caselli
authors.affiliation: Studi Cognitivi, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Offredi
authors.affiliation: Studi Cognitivi, Milan, Italy.|DIMEC University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.affiliation: Universityof Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Varalli
authors.affiliation: Studi Cognitivi, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ruggiero
authors.affiliation: Studi Cognitivi, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sassaroli
authors.affiliation: London South Bank University, London, UK.
authors.forename: Marcantonio M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Spada
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.|Manchester Mental Health and Social Care NHS Trust, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000067489:Metacognition / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000074222:Rumination, Cognitive / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anger; metacognitive beliefs; metacognitive therapy; prospective study; rumination