title: Designing 3-D Adipospheres for Quantitative Metabolic Study.
abstract: Quantitative assessment of adipose mitochondrial activity is critical for better understanding of adipose tissue function in obesity and diabetes. While the two-dimensional (2-D) tissue culture method has been sufficient to discover key molecules that regulate adipocyte differentiation and function, the method is insufficient to determine the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and their modifiers, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), in regulating adipocyte function in three-dimensional (3-D) in vivo-like microenvironments. By using a 3-D hanging drop tissue culture system, we are able to produce scalable 3-D adipospheres that are suitable for quantitative metabolic study in 3-D microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine,, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC B10-A186, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.|Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akama
authors.affiliation: Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Brendan M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labuz
authors.affiliation: Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine,, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC B10-A186, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. taehwa@umich.edu.|Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. taehwa@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Tae-Hwa
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Chun
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
keywords: Adipocyte; Drop culture; Mitochondria; Spheroid