title: 2-DE Mapping of the Blue Mussel Gill Proteome: The Usual Suspects Revisited.
abstract: The Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis, L. 1758) is an ecologically important and commercially relevant bivalve. Because of its ability to bioconcentrate xenobiotics, it is also a widespread sentinel species for environmental pollution, which has been used in ecotoxicological studies for biomarker assessment. Consequently, numerous proteomics studies have been carried out in various research contexts using mussels of the genusMytilus, which intended to improve our understanding of complex physiological processes related to reproduction, adaptation to physical stressors or shell formation and for biomarker discovery. Differential-display 2-DE proteomics relies on an extensive knowledge of the proteome with as many proteoforms identified as possible. To this end, extensive characterization of proteins was performed in order to increase our knowledge of theMytilusgill proteome. On average, 700 spots were detected on 2-DE gels by colloidal blue staining, of which 122 different, non-redundant proteins comprising 203 proteoforms could be identified by tandem mass spectrometry. These proteins could be attributed to four major categories: (i) "metabolism", including antioxidant defence and degradation of xenobiotics; (ii) "genetic information processing", comprising transcription and translation as well as folding, sorting, repair and degradation; (iii) "cellular processes", such as cell motility, transport and catabolism; (iv) "environmental information processing", including signal transduction and signalling molecules and interaction. The role of cytoskeleton proteins, energetic metabolism, chaperones/stress proteins, protein trafficking and the proteasome are discussed in the light of the exigencies of the intertidal environment, leading to an enhanced stress response, as well as the structural and physiological particularities of the bivalve gill tissue.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. beatrice.rocher@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rocher
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. florence.bultelle@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bultelle
authors.affiliation: PISSARO Proteomic Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France. philippe.chan@univ-rouen.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. frank.lefoll@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Frank Le
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Foll
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. julie.letendre@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Letendre
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. tiphaine.monsinjon@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Tiphaine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Monsinjon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. stephanie.olivier@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. romain.peden@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Péden
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. agnes.poret@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poret
authors.affiliation: Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Inserm U982, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France. david.vaudry@univ-rouen.fr.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vaudry
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology-Aquatic Environments, UMR I-02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, 76063 Le Havre, France. thomas.knigge@univ-lehavre.fr.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knigge
keywords: 2-DE; bivalve mollusc; ecotoxicology; environmental stress; mass spectrometry; post-translational modifications; proteoforms