title: A Comparison of the Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride on Ocular Surfaces between C57BL/6 and BALB/c Mice.
abstract: Models of benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced ocular disruption have been created and are widely used in various animals. This study aimed to compare the effects of BAC on the ocular surfaces of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were treated separately with BAC eye-drops at different concentrations. Eyes were evaluated by scoring epithelial disruption, corneal opacity and neovascularization in vivo, and by histological assays with hematoxylin/eosin (H/E) and periodic acid-Schiff stainings and by determining the expression of inflammatory factors in vitro on Days 7 and 14. The in vivo corneal epithelial disruption, corneal edema/opacity and neovascularization, which were in accordance with the results of the H/E staining and peaked at Day 7, were observed in a dose-dependent manner in the BAC-treated mice, with more severe signs in the C57BL/6 mice than the BALB/c mice. The loss of conjunctival goblet cells in the conjunctivas and the increasing expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), growth-regulated protein alpha (GROa) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1a) in the corneas were found in a dose-dependent manner in both strains of mice. Topical application of BAC can dramatically disrupt the ocular surfaces of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, and the disruptions were much more severe in the C57BL/6 mice that received high doses of BAC.
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China. muyangmay@126.com.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China. zhangyafang709@163.com.
authors.forename: Yafang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China. LXP__2171@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China. yankewangnan@126.com.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China. songzhenyu08@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhenyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China. wukaili@mail.sysu.edu.cn.|Department of Ophthalmology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China. wukaili@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Kaili
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014985:Xerophthalmia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions
keywords: BALB/c; C57BL/6; benzalkonium chloride; conjunctiva; cornea; mouse