title: MicroRNAs as Master Regulators of Glomerular Function in Health and Disease.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression, and the dysregulation of miRNAs is a common feature of several diseases. More miRNAs are identified almost daily, revealing the complexity of these transcripts in eukaryotic cellular networks. The study of renal miRNAs, using genetically modified mice or by perturbing endogenous miRNA levels, has revealed the important biologic roles miRNAs have in the major cell lineages that compose the glomerulus. Here, we provide an overview of miRNA biogenesis and function in regulating key genes and cellular pathways in glomerular cells during development and homeostasis. Moreover, we focus on the emerging mechanisms through which miRNAs contribute to different diseases affecting the glomerulus, such as FSGS, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and diabetic nephropathy. In-depth knowledge of miRNA-based gene regulation has made it possible to unravel pathomechanisms, enabling the design of new therapeutic strategies for glomerular diseases for which available therapies are not fully efficacious.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Trionfini
authors.affiliation: IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy ariela.benigni@marionegri.it.
authors.forename: Ariela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benigni
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000502:physiology*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: glomerular disease; mesangial cells; miRNA; parietal epithelial cells; podocyte