title: Extraction, Identification and Photo-Physical Characterization of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) Carotenoids.
abstract: Carotenoid pigments were extracted and purified from persimmon fruits using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). Eleven pigments were isolated and five of them were clearly identified as all-trans-violaxanthine, all-trans-lutein, all-trans-zeaxanthin all-trans-cryptoxanthin and all-trans-β-carotene. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded. To evaluate the potential of ¹O₂ quenching of the purified carotenoids, we used a monocarboxylic porphyrin (P1COOH) as the photosensitizer to produce ¹O₂. The rate constants of singlet oxygen quenching (Kq) were determined by monitoring the near-infrared (1270 nm) luminescence of ¹O₂ produced by photosensitizer excitation. The lifetime of singlet oxygen was measured in the presence of increasing concentrations of carotenoids in hexane. Recorded Kq values show that all-trans-β-cryptoxanthin, all-trans-β-carotene, all-trans-lycopene and all-trans-zeaxanthin quench singlet oxygen in hexane efficiently (associated Kq values of 1.6 × 10⁸, 1.3 × 10⁸, 1.1 × 10⁸ and 1.1 × 10⁸ M-1·s-1, respectively). The efficiency of singlet oxygen quenching of β-cryptoxanthin can thus change the consideration that β-carotene and lycopene are the most efficient singlet oxygen quenchers acting as catalysts for deactivation of the harmful ¹O₂.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7274, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. khalilo.zg@gmail.com.|Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7375, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. khalilo.zg@gmail.com.|Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles et à l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Carthage 1054, Tunisie. khalilo.zg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Khalil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zaghdoudi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7274, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. orleansn@yahoo.fr.|Laboratoire des Matériaux et Chimie Industrielle Inorganique, ENSAI-University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroun. orleansn@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Orleans
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ngomo
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7375, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. regis.vanderesse@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vanderesse
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7274, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. philippe.arnoux@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arnoux
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7274, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. baur_86_86@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Bauyrzhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Myrzakhmetov
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7274, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. celine.frochot@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frochot
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, UMR 7274, 1 Rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. yann.guivarch@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guiavarc'h
keywords: carotenoids; persimmon; porphyrin; purification; quenching; singlet oxygen