title: Prevalence of sleep duration among Saudi adults.
abstract: To examine the associations between sleep duration and a variety of demographic and clinical variables in a sample of Saudi adults.  Methods: A cross-sectional study among 2,095 participants was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between May and October 2014. A questionnaire was administered to collect data related to clinical health outcomes and demographic characteristics. Participants were asked to report their average sleep duration per night in hours.  Results: One-third (33.8%) reported short sleep duration of less than 7 hours/night. Short sleep duration was more prevalent in females (37.3% versus 31.4%, p=0.004). The most common medical problems reported were obesity with body mass index of greater than 30 Kg/m2 (39.1%), hypertension (33.9%), diabetes mellitus (20.8%), depression (4.3%), asthma (17.3%), COPD (6.6%), and hyperlipidemia (2.7%). Diabetes mellitus was associated with long sleep of more than 9 hours/night (25.4%, p=0.011) and hypertension (54.2%, p=0.001). The linear regression model tend to reduce their sleep duration by roughly 22 minutes in female gender, 66 minutes in participants with hyperlipidemia, and 70 minutes in participants with poor sleep quality.  Conclusions: Short sleep duration per night was prevalent, it affects one in every 3 Saudi adults. Long sleep duration of more than 9 hours was associated with increased comorbid conditions.
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail. ahmeda5@vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Anwar E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Fares
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Jahdali
authors.forename: Abdulaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: AlALwan
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abuabat
authors.forename: Salih A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bin Salih
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Harbi
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baharoon
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Yosra Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Hamdan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Jahdali
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012890:Sleep; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult