title: The spectrum of traumatic injuries at the craniocervical junction: a review of imaging findings and management.
abstract: The craniocervical junction is an area with unique biomechanical properties and injuries conferred often represent high-impact trauma. The vital structures traversing this region are susceptible to injury with frequent, only subtle findings identified on unenhanced CT, with MRI and CT angiography often revealing the full extent of injuries. This article reviews the osseous and ligamentous anatomy of the region and common injury patterns. Endovascular and neurosurgical management will also be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 3BB, UK. juveria@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Juveria
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 3BB, UK.
authors.forename: Hegoda Levansri
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Makalanda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 3BB, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Campion
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 3BB, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bull
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 3BB, UK.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D001269:Atlanto-Occipital Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D053783:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Craniocervical trauma; Diagnostic; Interventional; Neurosurgery; Radiology; Spinal surgery