title: Effects of Allergic Sensitization on Antiviral Immunity: Allergen, Virus, and Host Cell Mechanisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple clinical and epidemiological studies demonstrate links between allergic sensitization and virus-induced atopic disease exacerbations. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding allergen, viral, and host cellular mechanisms relevant to these observations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent studies have focused on the molecular pathways and genetic influences involved in allergen-mediated inhibition of innate antiviral immune responses. Multiple tissue and cell types from atopic individuals across the atopy spectrum exhibit deficient interferon responses to a variety of virus infections. Impairment in barrier function, viral RNA and DNA recognition by intracellular sensing molecules, and dysregulation of signaling components are broadly affected by allergic sensitization. Finally, genetic predisposition by numerous nucleotide polymorphisms also impacts immune pathways and potentially contributes to virus-associated atopic disease pathogenesis. Allergen-virus interactions in the setting of atopy involve complex tissue and cellular mechanisms. Future studies defining the pathways underlying these interactions could uncover potential therapeutic targets. Available data suggest that therapies tailored to restore specific components of antiviral responses will likely lead to improved clinical outcomes in allergic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9063, USA.
authors.forename: Regina K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9063, USA. Michelle.Gill@UTSouthwestern.edu.|Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Michelle.Gill@UTSouthwestern.edu.|Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Michelle.Gill@UTSouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens
keywords: Allergic asthma; Allergic sensitization; Antiviral response; Atopic dermatitis; Atopy; Viral infection