title: One-step immunochromatographic visual assay for anti-transglutaminase detection in organ culture system: An easy and prompt method to simplify the in vitro diagnosis of celiac disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) and endomysium antibodies (EMA) are detectable in duodenal culture media of celiac disease (CD) patients. To improve the management of this organ culture system, we evaluated the anti-tTG occurrence by immunochromatographic assay (ICA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 103 CD patients and 41 disease controls underwent duodenal biopsy for the organ culture. In culture supernatants, IgA anti-tTG were tested by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and ICA, IgA EMA were searched by indirect immunofluorescence analysis (iIFA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endomysium antibodies and anti-tTG measured by ELISA were positive in culture media of all CD patients, while anti-tTG detected by ICA were positive in culture media of 87/103 CD patients. Anti-tTG ICA scores significantly correlated with anti-tTG ELISA values (r=.71, P<.0001). Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of anti-tTG detected by ICA were 84.5%, 100% and 88.9%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using ICA, anti-tTG are detectable in duodenal culture media of most CD patients and the intensity of indicative lines depends on the anti-tTG concentration. Sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy achieved with ICA are lower than those obtained with ELISA but, given that the first is a more easy and prompt method, data suggest the possibility of utilizing it in the in vitro diagnosis of CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.|Department of Biomedical Services-UOC Laboratory Analysis Marsica/Peligno/Sangrina Area, ASL 1 Avezzano Sulmona L'Aquila, Avezzano AQ, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7111-0974
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Tola
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariacatia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casale
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borghini
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiberti
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Donato
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Services-UOC Laboratory Analysis Marsica/Peligno/Sangrina Area, ASL 1 Avezzano Sulmona L'Aquila, Avezzano AQ, Italy.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Occhiuzzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picarelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D011503:Transglutaminases
keywords: anti-transglutaminase; celiac disease; diagnosis; immunochromatographic assay; organ culture system