title: [Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults using virtual reality through a mindfulness programme].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, which presents a high comorbidity with anxiety and affective signs and symptoms. It has repercussions on the functioning of those suffering from it, who also have low therapy compliance and generate a significant cost both at a personal level and for society. Mindfulness is a psychological treatment that has proved to be effective for ADHD. Virtual reality is widely used as treatment in cases of phobias and other pathologies, with positive results.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop the first treatment for ADHD in adults based on virtual reality and mindfulness, while also resulting in increased treatment adherence and reduced costs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a pilot study with 25 patients treated by means of virtual reality, in four 30-minute sessions, and 25 treated with psychostimulants. Measures will be taken pre-treatment, post-treatment and at 3 and 12 months post-treatment, to evaluate both ADHD and also depression, anxiety, functionality and quality of life. Data will be later analysed with the SPSS v. 20 statistical program. An ANOVA of independent groups will be performed to see the differences between treatments and also a test-retest to detect whether the changes will be maintained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is necessary to use treatments that are effective, reduce costs and increase therapy adherence. Treatment with virtual reality is an interesting alternative to the classical treatments, and is shorter and more attractive for patients.
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Serra-Pla
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pozuelo
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Richarte
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corrales
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ibanez
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bellina
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.|Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. Facultat de Medicina. Unitat docent de l'Hospital Vall d'Heb, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.|Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. Facultat de Medicina. Unitat docent de l'Hospital Vall d'Heb, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.|CIBERSAM, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ramos-Quiroga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D064866:Mindfulness; D010865:Pilot Projects; D063367:Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy