title: The science of salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (December 2015-March 2016).
abstract: The purpose of this review was to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary salt relating to health outcomes that were published from December 2015 to March 2016. The search strategy was adapted from a previous systematic review on dietary salt and health. Overall, 13 studies were included in the review: one study assessed cardiovascular events, nine studies assessed prevalence or incidence of blood pressure or hypertension, one study assessed kidney disease, and two studies assessed other health outcomes (obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease). Four studies were selected for detailed appraisal and commentary. One study met the minimum methodologic criteria and found an increased risk associated with lower sodium intake in patients with heart failure. All other studies identified in this review demonstrated positive associations between dietary salt and adverse health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Michelle M Y
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: JoAnne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arcand
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health India, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Sudhir Raj
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thout
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology and Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Norm R C
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Jacqui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Webster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015994:Incidence; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D012965:Sodium Chloride
keywords: diet/nutrition/hypertension; hypertension-general; outcomes of care; sodium