title: Updated list of bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from the Spanish Pyrenees with notes on their decline and conservation status.
abstract: The Pyrenees, where Euro-Siberian, Mediterranean and alpine faunas join together, have a large biodiversity of bumblebees. We compiled historical literature records of bumblebee species from the Spanish Pyrenees, and then compared these to contemporary surveys to assess trends in elevational distribution. Twenty-eight species (including thirty-five subspecies) were found in the contemporary survey. Nine species and two subspecies previously present were not detected, some included on the Spanish Red List. With the exception of a few species, a reduction of the altitudinal range and an orophilous tendency was observed at both upper and lower elevational levels, suggesting an upward trend towards better-preserved high areas. Our results reinforce the need to develop new protection programs and more restrictive conservation measures for bumblebee populations, species and their habitats.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física. Facultad de Biología. Universidad Complutense. c/ José Antonio Nováis, 12. 28040 Madrid, Spain.. paddy@bio.ucm.es.
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ornosa
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Pilar DE LA
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rúa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D044822:Biodiversity; D017753:Ecosystem; D006927:Hymenoptera
keywords: Hymenoptera, Biodiversity, Bombus, decline, habitat loss, pollinators, Spain