title: Identifying topological motif patterns of human brain functional networks.
abstract: Recent imaging connectome studies demonstrated that the human functional brain network follows an efficient small-world topology with cohesive functional modules and highly connected hubs. However, the functional motif patterns that represent the underlying information flow remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated motif patterns within directed human functional brain networks, which were derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data with controlled confounding hemodynamic latencies. We found several significantly recurring motifs within the network, including the two-node reciprocal motif and five classes of three-node motifs. These recurring motifs were distributed in distinct patterns to support intra- and inter-module functional connectivity, which also promoted integration and segregation in network organization. Moreover, the significant participation of several functional hubs in the recurring motifs exhibited their critical role in global integration. Collectively, our findings highlight the basic architecture governing brain network organization and provide insight into the information flow mechanism underlying intrinsic brain activities. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2734-2750, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yongbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.|Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chaogan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Mingrui
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4615-9132
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: breath-holding; connectome; directed network; magnetic resonance imaging; resting-state