title: Performance of packed bed column using Chara aculeolata biomass for removal of Pb and Cd ions from wastewater.
abstract: Biosorption of Pb and Cd from aqueous solution by biomass of Chara aculeolata was studied in a continuous packed bed column. C. aculeolata in the fixed bed column is capable of decreasing Pb and Cd concentrations from 10 mg/L to a value below the detection limit of 0.02 mg/L. Selective uptake of Pb and Cd in a binary solution resulted in Pb having much higher relative affinity than Cd. The experiments were conducted to study the effects of column design parameters, bed depth, and flow rate on the metal biosorption. Pb uptake capacity of C. aculeolata increased with increased bed depth and decreased flow rate, while Cd uptake capacity increased with increased bed depth but remained constant at any flow rate. The Thomas model was found in a suitable fitness with the experiment data for Pb and Cd (R2> 0.90). The efficiency of biosorbent regeneration achieved by 0.1 M HCl was very high, that was, 98% for Pb and 100% for Cd in the third reused cycle. It can be concluded that C. aculeolata is a good biosorbent for treating wastewater having low concentrations of Pb and Cd contamination.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technology , Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok , Bangpra, Chonburi , Thailand.|b Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Najjapak
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sooksawat
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.|c Center of Excellent on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Metha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meetam
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.|c Center of Excellent on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Maleeya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kruatrachue
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.|c Center of Excellent on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Prayad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pokethitiyook
authors.affiliation: c Center of Excellent on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand.|d Department of Environmental Health Sciences , Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Duangrat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inthorn
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D018533:Biomass; D002104:Cadmium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D044784:Chara / Q000737:chemistry*; D007477:Ions; D007854:Lead / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D007477:Ions; D007854:Lead; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Cadmium; Chara aculeolata; Nitella opaca; lead; packed bed column; wastewater