title: Association of body mass index, waist circumference, and metabolic syndrome with serum cystatin C in a Chinese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with serum cystatin C (CysC) in a Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The population was composed of 5866 subjects. MetS was diagnosed using the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 2005 (NCEP-R) criteria. Covariates were analyzed using logistic regression and Spearman partial correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this population, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), BMI, WC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum creatinine (Scr), and CysC were significantly higher, and HDL-C and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) (eGFRCKD-EPI) were significantly lower in the MetS than in the non-MetS group. TG, LDL-C, FPG, hs-CRP, BMI, WC, SBP, DBP, and Scr were significantly higher, and HDL-C and eGFRCKD-EPI were significantly lower in the 4th quartile than in the 1st quartile of CysC. Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, hs-CRP, and CysC were independently associated with the presence of MetS (OR = 3.732, 1.028, 1.051, and 3.334, respectively; P < 0.05). No significant association between the presence of MetS and either Scr or eGFRCKD-EPI was observed. After adjustment for age and sex, BMI, WC, hs-CRP, and Scr were all positively correlated, whereas eGFRCKD-EPI was negatively correlated with CysC (r = 0.029, 0.061, 0.189, 0.227, and -0.210, respectively; P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study revealed that the CysC was more closely associated with the presence of MetS, as compared Scr or eGFRCKD-EPI. CysC was positively correlated with BMI, and more strongly, positively correlated with WC and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: International Health Care Center Department of Clinical Laboratory MOE Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Cancer Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yafang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Xiaoru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Zhenyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Zhenya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C