title: Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp stem cells in pulpitis: a pilot clinical study.
abstract: Experiments have previously demonstrated the therapeutic potential of mobilized dental pulp stem cells (MDPSCs) for complete pulp regeneration. The aim of the present pilot clinical study is to assess the safety, potential efficacy, and feasibility of autologous transplantation of MDPSCs in pulpectomized teeth.
  
  
  
  Five patients with irreversible pulpitis were enrolled and monitored for up to 24 weeks following MDPSC transplantation. The MDPSCs were isolated from discarded teeth and expanded based on good manufacturing practice (GMP). The quality of the MDPSCs at passages 9 or 10 was ascertained by karyotype analyses. The MDPSCs were transplanted with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in atelocollagen into pulpectomized teeth.
  
  
  
  The clinical and laboratory evaluations demonstrated no adverse events or toxicity. The electric pulp test (EPT) of the pulp at 4 weeks demonstrated a robust positive response. The signal intensity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the regenerated tissue in the root canal after 24 weeks was similar to that of normal dental pulp in the untreated control. Finally, cone beam computed tomography demonstrated functional dentin formation in three of the five patients.
  
  
  
  Human MDPSCs are safe and efficacious for complete pulp regeneration in humans in this pilot clinical study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. misako@ncgg.go.jp.
authors.forename: Misako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Innovation Center for Clinical Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ariji
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental and Oral Infrastructure Development, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D014070:Tooth / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Autologous cell transplantation; Clinical study; Good manufacturing practice (GMP); Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF); Mobilized dental pulp stem cells (Mobilized DPSCs); Pulp regeneration; Pulpectomy