title: Serum endothelin-1 and placental alkaline phosphatase levels in placenta percreta and normal pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the circulatory levels of endothelin 1 (ET-1) and the placental alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in pregnant women with placenta percreta (PP) and a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology and in the Biochemistry Departments of Harran University Medical School. Forty-four women who underwent cesarean section (CS) due to PP and 44 women who underwent CS for other obstetric reasons were included in this study. The PP diagnosis was made by a pathologic examination that showed an extreme trophoblastic invasion involving the uterine serosa.The levels of circulating ET-1 and placental ALP were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with PP more frequently received antenatal steroids and blood transfusions and they delivered at an earlier gestational age compared to controls. In women with PP, preoperative circulating ET-1 and placental ALP levels were lower than in the controls (p < .05 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that a decrease in ET-1 and placental ALP levels might play a role in the pathogenesis of PP.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Harran University Medical Faculty , Sanliurfa , Turkey.
authors.forename: Hacer
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-4900
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uyanikoglu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Harran University Medical Faculty , Sanliurfa , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet Berkiz
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Turp
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Harran University Medical Faculty , Sanliurfa , Turkey.
authors.forename: Nese Gul
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Hilali
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Harran University Medical Faculty , Sanliurfa , Turkey.
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Incebiyik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Endothelin 1; invasion; placenta percreta; placental ALP