title: Evaluating Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake after Receiving Personal FADS1 Genetic Information: A Randomized Nutrigenetic Intervention.
abstract: Nutrigenetics research is anticipated to lay the foundation for personalized dietary recommendations; however, it remains unclear if providing individuals with their personal genetic information changes dietary behaviors. Our objective was to evaluate if providing information for a common variant in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene changed omega-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and blood levels in young female adults (18-25 years). Participants were randomized into Genetic (intervention) and Non-Genetic (control) groups, with measurements taken at Baseline and Final (12 weeks). Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was assessed using an omega-3 food frequency questionnaire. Red blood cell (RBC) FA content was quantified by gas chromatography. Implications of participation in a nutrigenetics study and awareness of omega-3 FAs were assessed with online questionnaires. Upon completion of the study, EPA and DHA intake increased significantly (p= 1.0 × 10-4) in all participants. This change was reflected by small increases in RBC %EPA. Participants in the Genetic group showed increased awareness of omega-3 terminology by the end of the study, reported that the dietary recommendations were more useful, and rated cost as a barrier to omega-3 consumption less often than those in the Non-Genetic group. Providing participantsFADS1genetic information did not appear to influence omega-3 intake during the 12 weeks, but did change perceptions and behaviors related to omega-3 FAs in this timeframe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. kroke@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Kaitlin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roke
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. kwalton@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. sklingel@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Shannon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Klingel
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. aharnett@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harnett
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. sdang@binghamton.edu.
authors.forename: Sanjeena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. jhaines@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Jess
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. dmutch@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mutch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004032:Diet; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D054647:Nutrigenomics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C000716847:FADS1 protein, human
keywords: DHA; EPA; SNPs; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; fatty acid desaturase 1; nutrigenomics; omega-3 fats; personalized nutrition; single nucleotide polymorphisms