title: Achyranthes aspera Attenuates epilepsy in experimental animals: possible involvement of GABAergic mechanism.
abstract: The present study was aimed to examine the possible anticonvulsant property of aerial parts of Achyranthes aspera using various experimental models of epilepsy in mice. Petroleum ether extract of aerial parts of A. aspera (PeAA), methanolic eAA (MeAA) and aqueous eAA (AeAA) was initially evaluated against six-hertz seizure model in mice, based on the outcomes the effective extract was further evaluated against maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) models in mice. In addition, the potent extract was evaluated against the PTZ model by co-administering with flumazenil (FMZ), and also evaluated for its effect on GABA levels in brain and NMDA-induced lethality in mice. Furthermore, the probable locomotor deficit-inducing property of the extract was evaluated by actophotometer test in mice. In results, only MeAA showed protection against six-hertz-induced seizures in mice, based on these outcomes only MeAA was evaluated in MES and PTZ models. Notably, the MeAA (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) has offered mild and dose dependent protection against MES and PTZ-induced seizures in mice. Alongside, the MeAA (400 mg/kg) showed a significant increase in GABA levels in the brain compared to control, and in line with these findings the anti-PTZ effect of MeAA (400 mg/kg, p.o.) was blocked when co-administered with flumazenil (5 mg/kg, i.p.). However, the MeAA has not shown significant protection against NMDA-induced mortality and also did not cause significant change in locomotor activity compared to before treatment. These findings suggest that MeAA possess mild anticonvulsant activity and the outcomes further confirmed the involvement of GABAergic mechanism behind the anticonvulsant activity of MeAA.
authors.affiliation: Radiant Research Services Pvt Ltd, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560058, India. glv_000@yahoo.com.|, No.387/511/A, Megalabeedi, Kengeri, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 060, India. glv_000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Gollapalle Lakshminarayanashastry
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Viswanatha
authors.affiliation: Connexios Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, Basavanagudi, Bangalore, 560 004, India.
authors.forename: Marikunte V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Venkataranganna
authors.affiliation: Oil Technological and Pharmaceutical Research Institute (OTPRI), JNT University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu, 515 002, India.
authors.forename: Nunna Bheema Lingeswara
authors.initials: NBL
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: Radiant Research Services Pvt Ltd, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560058, India.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Godavarthi
mesh_terms: D029044:Achyranthes; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D059330:GABAergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
keywords: Achyranthes aspera; Anticonvulsant; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Gamma-amino butyric acid; Herbal medicine; MES –induced seizures; PTZ-induced seizures; Six-hertz seizures