title: Arsenic uptake by lettuce from As-contaminated soil remediated with Pteris vittata and organic amendment.
abstract: Leaching of inorganic arsenic (As) from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood may elevate soil As levels. Thus, an environmental concern arises regarding As accumulation in vegetables grown in these soils. In this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the ability of As-hyperaccumulator P. vittata and organic amendments in reducing As uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa) from a soil contaminated from CCA-treated wood (63.9 mg kg-1As). P. vittata was grown for 150 d in a CCA-contaminated soil amended with biochar, activated carbon or coffee grounds at 1%, followed by lettuce for another 55 d. After harvest, plant biomass and As concentrations in plant and soil were determined. The presence of P. vittata reduced As content in lettuce by 21% from 27.3 to 21.5 mg kg-1while amendment further reduced As in lettuce by 5.6-18%, with activated C being most effective. Our data showed that both P. vittata and organic amendments were effective in reducing As concentration in lettuce. Though no health-based standard for As in vegetables exists in USA, care should be taken when growing lettuce in contaminated soils. Our data showed that application of organic amendments with P. vittata reduced As hazards in CCA-contaminated soils.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Letuzia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
authors.forename: Das
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suchismita
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gress
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Bala
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rathinasabapathi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China. Electronic address: chenyanshan@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yanshan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Electronic address: lqma@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Lena Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D001149:Arsenates; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D018545:Lactuca / Q000378:metabolism*; D032495:Pteris / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000378:metabolism; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001149:Arsenates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C040890:chromated copper arsenate; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Biochar; CCA-treated woods; Phytoremediation; Plant uptake; Soil amendments