title: Preparation of orthophosphate glasses in the MgO-CaO-SiO2-Nb2O5-P2O5 system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Niobia/magnesia-containing orthophosphate invert glasses were successfully prepared in our earlier work. Orthophosphate groups in the glasses were cross-linked by tetrahedral niobia (NbO4) and magnesia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to prepare calcium orthophosphate invert glasses containing magnesia and niobia, incorporating silica, and to evaluate their structures and releasing behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The glasses were prepared by melt-quenching, and their structures and ion-releasing behaviors were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  31P solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Raman spectroscopies showed the glasses consist of orthophosphate (PO4), orthosilicate (SiO4), and NbO4 tetrahedra. NbO4 and MgO in the glasses act as network formers. By incorporating SiO2 into the glasses, the chemical durability of the glasses was slightly improved. The glasses reheated at 800°C formed the orthophosphate crystalline phases, such as β-Ca3(PO4)2, Mg3(PO4)2 and Mg3Ca3(PO4)4 in the glasses. The chemical durability of the crystallized glasses was slightly improved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthosilicate groups and NbO4 in the glasses coordinated with each other to form Si-O-Nb bonds. The chemical durability of the glasses was slightly improved by addition of SiO2, since the field strength of Si is larger than that of Ca or Mg.
authors.affiliation: Division of Advanced Ceramics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.|Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Sungho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy, Materials Science and Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy, Materials Science and Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Narushima
authors.affiliation: Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Division of Advanced Ceramics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasuga
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006361:Heating; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008422:Materials Testing; D009556:Niobium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D017553:Phosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013499:Surface Properties; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D010710:Phosphates; D017553:Phosphorus Compounds; D009556:Niobium; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; C012500:phosphorus pentoxide; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C016538:lime; C073337:niobium pentoxide
keywords: Biomaterials; magnesium; niobium; orthophosphate; phosphate invert glass; silicate