title: The effect of combined photobiomodulation and metformin on open skin wound healing in a non-genetic model of type II diabetes.
abstract: This study intended to examine the combined influences of photobiomodulation (PBM) and metformin on the microbial flora and biomechanical parameters of wounds in a non-genetic model of type II diabetes mellitus (TII DM). We induced a non-genetic model of TII DM in 20 rats by feeding them a 10% fructose solution for 2weeks followed by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 40mg/kg). After 21days from the injection of STZ, we induced one full-thickness skin wound in each of the diabetic rats. We randomly divided the rats into four groups: i) placebo; ii) pulsed wave laser (890nm, 80Hz, 0.324J/cm2); iii) metformin; and iv) laser+metformin. Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of metformin (50mg/kg). On days 7and 15 we inspected the microbial flora of each wound. On day 15 we obtained a standard sample from each healing wound for biomechanical analyses. PBM significantly decreased colony-forming units (CFUs) 7days after wound infliction compared to the placebo group (LSD test, p=0.012). Metformin significantly enhanced the biomechanical property (stress high load) of the wounds compared to the placebo group (LSD test, p=0.028). We observed the same significant result for PBM compared to the placebo group (LSD test, p=0.047). PBM significantly accelerated the wound healing process and significantly reduced CFUs of bacteria in a non-genetic rat model of TII DM.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mohammad.a.asghari@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammadali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asghari
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: alikanoonisabet@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanonisabet
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mandanasafakhahmd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mandanad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Safakhah
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: zahahraazimzadehmd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Azimzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: a.mostafavinia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ataroalsadat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostafavinia
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: so_taheri@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Soudabeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: d.amini2008@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdollah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Qom University, Qom, Iran. Electronic address: atty_ghoreishi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Seyed Kamran
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ghorishi
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: reza.jalali.7082@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: JalaliFiroozkohi
authors.affiliation: Nicholas Senn High School, Chicago IL, USA. Electronic address: sbayat1@cps.edu.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayat
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mohbayat@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries / Q000382:microbiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D008687:Metformin
keywords: Biomechanical properties; Low-level laser therapy; Microbial flora; Non-genetic model of type II diabetes mellitus; Photobiomodulation; Rat; Type II diabetes mellitus; Wound healing