title: Lifetime drinking history in patients with alcoholic liver disease and patients with alcohol use disorder without liver disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the differences in lifetime alcohol intake (LAI) and drinking patterns between patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) without notable liver injury and between males and females with ALD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alcohol drinking patterns were assessed using the Lifetime Drinking History (LDH) a validated questionnaire, during an outpatient visit. Patients with AUD, currently in addiction treatment, were matched for gender and age (±5 years) with the ALD group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 39 patients with ALD (26 males and 13 females; median age 58) and equal number of AUD patients were included (median age 56 years). The onset age for alcohol drinking and duration of alcohol consumption was similar in ALD and AUD. The number of drinking days was higher in women with ALD than in women with AUD: 4075 [(3224-6504) versus 2092 (1296-3661), p = .0253]. The LAI and drinks per drinking day (DDD) were not significantly different between patients with ALD and AUD. Females with ALD had lower LAI than males with ALD: 32,934 (3224-6504) versus 50,923 (30,360-82,195), p = .0385, fewer DDD (p = .0112), and lower proportion of binge drinking as compared to males with ALD (p = .0274).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The total LAI was similar in patients with ALD and AUD. The number of drinking days over the lifetime was associated with the development of ALD in females. Females with ALD had significantly lower alcohol consumption than men with ALD despite similar duration in years of alcohol intake which supports the concept of female propensity of ALD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , The National University Hospital of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Jon Kristinn
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Landspitali University Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Sigurdur
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olafsson
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Landspitali University Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Ottar M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.affiliation: d Department of Internal Medicine , The National Center for Addiction Medicine, Vogur Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Valgerdur
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Runarsdottir
authors.affiliation: d Department of Internal Medicine , The National Center for Addiction Medicine, Vogur Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland.|e Department of Psychology , The National University Hospital of Iceland, University of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Ingunn
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hansdottir
authors.affiliation: c Department of Internal Medicine , The National University Hospital of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Ragna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sigurdardottir
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Landspitali University Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland.|c Department of Internal Medicine , The National University Hospital of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland.
authors.forename: Einar S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Björnsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Alcoholic liver disease; alcohol misuse; alcohol use disorder; lifetime alcohol use