title: The Protective Effect ofChrysanthemum indicumExtract against Ankylosing Spondylitis in Mouse Models.
abstract: In traditional Chinese and Korean homeopathic medicine,Chrysanthemum indicumLinné (Asteraceae) is a time-honored herb, prescribed for the resolution of symptoms associated with inflammatory and hypertensive conditions as well as those affecting the lungs and its associated structures. The goal of this work is to investigate the defensive role ofChrysanthemum indicumextract in fighting ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using mouse models, through which the manifestation and extent of the disease progression were measured with quantitative analysis of the intervertebral joints. Markers of inflammation as well as oxidative stress were also analysed. Western blot was used to quantify the levels of Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), and sclerostin (SOST). Consequently, the findings of this experiment demonstrated that AS in mice that were givenChrysanthemum indicumextract had lower level of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (P< 0.05) and increased level of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P< 0.05). The results also revealed thatChrysanthemum indicumsupplemented with diet contributed to a decrease in Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein expression (P< 0.05) and higher levels of DKK-1 and SOST proteins (P< 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that the beneficial role ofChrysanthemum indicumin AS is manifested through downregulating oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory mediators and NF-κB, and increasing DKK-1 and SOST levels.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Immune Department of Rheumatism, Tianjin Hospital, Jiefangnan Road 406, Tianjin 300211, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2944-6853
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9069-2407
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Veeramuthu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4136-2003
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duraipandiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2663-6328
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdullah Al-Dhabi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D031202:Chrysanthemum / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007249:Inflammation; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000187:drug effects*; D007596:Joints / Q000187:drug effects*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051153:Wnt Proteins