title: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery and Dementia Risk in the Cardiovascular Health Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and dementia risk remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective cohort analysis using data on 3155 elderly adults free from prevalent dementia from the US population-based Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) with adjudicated incident all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and mixed dementia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the CHS, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause dementia was 1.93 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36-2.74] for those with CABG history compared with those with no CABG history after adjustment for potential confounders. Similar HRs were observed for AD (HR=1.71; 95% CI, 0.98-2.98), VaD (HR=1.42; 95% CI, 0.56-3.65), and mixed dementia (HR=2.73; 95% CI, 1.55-4.80). The same pattern of results was observed when these CHS findings were pooled with a prior prospective study, the pooled HRs were 1.96 (95% CI, 1.42-2.69) for all-cause dementia, 1.71 (95% CI, 1.04-2.79) for AD and 2.20 (95% CI, 0.78-6.19) for VaD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest CABG history is associated with long-term dementia risk. Further investigation is warranted to examine the causal mechanisms which may explain this relationship or whether the association reflects differences in coronary artery disease severity.
authors.affiliation: *Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter †School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff ‡Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK §Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT Departments of ∥Epidemiology **Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Departments of ¶Epidemiology #Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuźma
authors.forename: Jac
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Airdrie
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Littlejohns
authors.forename: Ilianna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lourida
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson-Coon
authors.forename: Iain A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scrobotovici
authors.forename: Evan L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Thacker
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: Lewis H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Kuller
authors.forename: Oscar L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Longstreth
authors.forename: Obioha C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Ukoumunne
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Llewellyn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States