title: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of 3-MCPD 1-Monopalmitate after Oral Administration in Rats.
abstract: Fatty acid esters of monochloropropane 1,2-diol (3-MCPD) are processing-induced toxicants and have been detected in several food categories. This study investigated the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of 3-MCPD esters in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate as the probe compound. The kinetics of 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate in plasma was investigated using SD rats, and the results indicated that 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate was absorbed directly in vivo and metabolized. Its primary metabolites in the liver, kidney, testis, brain, plasma, and urine were tentatively identified and measured at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after oral administration. Structures were proposed for eight metabolites. 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate was converted to free 3-MCPD, which formed the phase II metabolites. All of the metabolites were chlorine-related chemical components; most of them existed in urine, reflecting the excretion pattern of 3-MCPD esters. Understanding the metabolism of 3-MCPD esters in vivo is critical for assessing their toxicities.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048, China.|Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
authors.forename: Boyan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Guoren
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Zhongfei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), USDA , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States.
authors.forename: Thomas T Y
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yaqiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
authors.forename: Liangli
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6497-0864
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004952:Esters / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010168:Palmitates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010168:Palmitates; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin
keywords: 3-MCPD ester; UPLC-MS; absorption; distribution; metabolism and excretion (ADME); toxic kinetics