title: HIV-Associated Kaposi's Sarcoma.
abstract: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is still one of the most common malignancies in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Large randomized clinical trials have shown a protective effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) against the development of KS, even in patients with a relatively preserved immune system. In patients with sufficient cART, KS has become a rarity. In most patients with HIV-associated KS who initiate cART, the KS lesions stabilize with decreasing HIV plasma viremia and immune reconstitution, or even resolve completely without any specific treatment. In patients with advanced or rapidly progressive disease, especially in the setting of an immune reconstitution syndrome, cART should be combined with cytotoxic chemotherapies. With regard to the KS pathogenesis, several new therapies have been suggested, such as antiviral agents, cytokines, and inhibitors of angiogenesis.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabranski
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esser
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents