title: Zinc oxide 3D microstructures as an antimicrobial filler content for composite resins.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a composite resin modified by 3D zinc oxide (ZnO) microstructures and to verify possible alterations on its mechanical properties. ZnO was synthesized by hydrothermal approach and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ZnO against Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans were determinated. The composite resin FiltekTMZ350XT (3M of Brazil) was blended with 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% in weight of ZnO and submitted to antibacterial assay by direct contact test against S. mutans, the leading cause of dental caries and the most cariogenic oral streptococci. Additionally, it was performed compressive and diametral tensile strength tests of the modified composite resin. Microrods and hollow microrods of ZnO were obtained and its MIC values were found to be 125 μg/mL for S. mutans, 500 μg/mL for C. albicans and 62.5 μg/mL for S. aureus. For the tested concentrations, it was not found MIC against E. coli. The direct contact test showed a significant antibacterial capacity of modified composite resin (p > 0.05 for all concentrations). The compressive and diametral tensile strength remains no changed after inclusion of microparticles (p > 0.05 for all concentrations). The modification of the composite resin with small amounts of ZnO microparticles significantly inhibited the S. mutans growth on resin surface without significant alterations of its mechanical strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.|Physics Institute of São Carlos - IFSC, University of São - USP, São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hércules Bezerra
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Physics Institute of São Carlos - IFSC, University of São - USP, São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Inês Basso
authors.initials: MIB
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Aparecido Dos Santos
authors.initials: MADS
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tamara Carolina
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Trevisan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taís Maria
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bauab
authors.affiliation: Physics Institute of São Carlos - IFSC, University of São - USP, São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hernandes
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Nara
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: de Souza Rastelli
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D013718:Tensile Strength; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Streptococcus mutans; composite resins; oxides; products with antimicrobial action