title: Chemical characterisation and biological activity of leaf essential oils obtained from Pistacia terebinthus growing wild in Tunisia and Sardinia Island.
abstract: In the present work the chemical compositions, measured by GC and GC-MS, of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves of Pistacia terebinthus collected in Bizerte (Tunisia) and Baunei (Italy) are reported. Both essential oils possessed high content of monoterpene hydrocarbons (86.3% and 90.9%, respectively), being α-pinene (62.4 vs. 35.0)%, camphene (3.0 vs. 2.4)%, β-pinene (12.1 vs. 4.5)%, terpinolene (1.7 vs. 35.2)% and β-phellandrene (3.8 vs. 4.5)% the main components. The Tunisian essential oil exhibited higher antifungal activity than the Italian one. Cryptococcus neoformans and the majority of dermatophyte strains showed more sensitivity to the Tunisian oil, when compared to Candida strains, in particular Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton floccosum, with MIC and MLC values in the range (0.16-0.32) μL/mL. The results obtained support the use of the oil from Tunisia for the treatment of dermatophytosis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical and Geological Science , University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria , Monserrato , Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piras
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia.
authors.forename: Hanen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marzouki
authors.affiliation: c Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maxia
authors.affiliation: c Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marengo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical and Geological Science , University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria , Monserrato , Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1441-3979
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Porcedda
authors.affiliation: c Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy.|d State Institute of Higher Education "Michele Giua" , Cagliari , Italy.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Falconieri
authors.affiliation: e CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: e CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavaleiro
authors.affiliation: e CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.
authors.forename: Ligia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salgueiro
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003883:Arthrodermataceae / Q000187:drug effects; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000032:analysis; D007558:Italy; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008864:Microsporum / Q000187:drug effects; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027927:Pistacia / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects; D014416:Tunisia
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013729:Terpenes; C058582:beta-phellandrene; C010789:beta-pinene; C019286:camphene; C005451:alpha-pinene; C027009:terpinolene
keywords: Essential oil; Pistacia terebinthus; antifungal activity; chemical composition