title: A lipidomic study on the regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress targeted by marine ω-3 PUFA and polyphenols in high-fat high-sucrose diets.
abstract: The ability of polyphenols to ameliorate potential oxidative damage of ω-3 PUFAs when they are consumed together and then, to enhance their potentially individual effects on metabolic health is discussed through the modulation of fatty acids profiling and the production of lipid mediators. For that, the effects of the combined consumption of fish oils and grape seed procyanidins on the inflammatory response and redox unbalance triggered by high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diets were studied in an animal model of Wistar rats. A standard diet was used as control. Results suggested that fish oils produced a replacement of ω-6 by ω-3 PUFAs in membranes and tissues, and consequently they improved inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters: favored the activity of 12/15-lipoxygenases on ω-3 PUFAs, enhanced glutathione peroxidases activity, modulated proinflammatory lipid mediators synthesis through the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways and down-regulated the synthesis de novo of ARA leaded by Δ5 desaturase. Although polyphenols exerted an antioxidative and antiinflammatory effect in the standard diet, they were less effective to reduce inflammation in the HFHS dietary model. Contrary to the effect observed in the standard diet, polyphenols up-regulated COX pathways toward ω-6 proinflammatory eicosanoids as PGE2and 11-HETE and decreased the detoxification of ω-3 hydroperoxides in the HFHS diet. As a result, additive effects between fish oils and polyphenols were found in the standard diet in terms of reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, in the HFHS diets, fish oils seem to be the one responsible for the positive effects found in the combined group.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology and Research Institute for Food Analysis (I.I.A.A.), University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. Electronic address: gabrieldasilvaalonso@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dasilva
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pazos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Egido
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gallardo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramos-Romero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep Lluís
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romeu
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: María-Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nogués
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Medina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013395:Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D015777:Eicosanoids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D059808:Polyphenols; D013395:Sucrose
keywords: Docosanoids; Eicosanoids; Fish oils; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Polyphenols