title: Planar Cell Polarity Effector Fritz Interacts with Dishevelled and Has Multiple Functions in Regulating PCP.
abstract: The Planar cell Polarity Effector (PPE) genesinturned,fuzzy, andfritzare downstream components in thefrizzled/starry nightsignaling pathway, and their function is instructed by upstream Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) core genes such asfrizzledanddishevelledPPE proteins accumulate asymmetrically in wing cells and function in a protein complex mediated by direct interactions between In and Frtz and In and Fy. How the PCP proteins instruct the accumulation of PPE protein is unknown. We found a likely direct interaction between Dishevelled and Fritz and Dishevelled and Fuzzy that could play a role in this. We previously found that mild overexpression offrtzrescued a weakinallele. To determine if this was due to extra Frtz stabilizing mutant In or due to Frtz being able to bypass the need for In we generate a precise deletion of theinturnedgene (inPD). We found that mild overexpression of Fritz partially rescuedinPD, indicating thatfritzhas In independent activity in PCP. Previous studies of PPE proteins used fixed tissues, and did not provide any insights into the dynamic properties of PPE proteins. We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology to edit thefritzgene to add a green fluorescent protein tag.fritzmNeonGreenprovides complete rescue activity and works well forin vivoimaging. Our data showed that Fritz is very dynamic in epidermal cells and preferentially distributed to discrete membrane subdomains ("puncta"). Surprisingly, we found it in stripes in developing bristles.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903.|Cell Biology Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1948-5741
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903.|Cell Biology Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903.
authors.forename: Victor F
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2244-6700
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Naturale
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903 pna@virginia.edu.|Cell Biology Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903 pna@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Paul N
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8547-8040
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics; D016764:Cell Polarity; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D049750:Genome, Insect; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006197:Hair / Q000378:metabolism; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010641:Phenotype; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D055550:Protein Stability; D017393:RNA Editing / Q000235:genetics; D019076:Transgenes; D000099274:Frizzled-Related Proteins
chemical_list: D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000099274:Frizzled-Related Proteins; C000606588:dsh protein, Drosophila
keywords: Drosophila; Planar Cell Polarity; Planar Polarity Effector; fritz; inturned