title: Robust Identification of Alzheimer's Disease subtypes based on cortical atrophy patterns.
abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is heterogenous and can be classified into several subtypes. Here, we propose a robust subtyping method for AD based on cortical atrophy patterns and graph theory. We calculated similarities between subjects in their atrophy patterns throughout the whole brain, and clustered subjects with similar atrophy patterns using the Louvain method for modular organization extraction. We applied our method to AD patients recruited at Samsung Medical Center and externally validated our method by using the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset. Our method categorized very mild AD into three clinically distinct subtypes with high reproducibility (>90%); the parietal-predominant (P), medial temporal-predominant (MT), and diffuse (D) atrophy subtype. The P subtype showed the worst clinical presentation throughout the cognitive domains, while the MT and D subtypes exhibited relatively mild presentation. The MT subtype revealed more impaired language and executive function compared to the D subtype.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungsoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunwook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Duk L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Seong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D001284:Atrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged