title: Cancer genomics guide clinical practice in personalized medicine.
abstract: Targeted therapies have revolutionized the treatment of many cancers. Widely developed over the last decade, this new concept of precision medicine relies on the use of genomic technologies to analyze tumor samples in order to identify actionable targets and biomarkers of resistance. The goal is to optimize treatment by identifying which therapeutic approach is best for each patient, i.e. the treatment that is effective, has minimal adverse effects, and avoids unnecessary intervention and cost. The purpose of this review is to highlight, using a few seminal examples of therapeutic targets, the important contribution of appropriate analysis of key oncogenes or driver genes in making clinical decisions. Cancer genomics is now an indispensable part of clinical management. Furthermore, the development of next generation sequencing (NGS) will enable exploration of more and more genes of interest, leading to new treatment options for personalized medicine.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'oncologie moléculaire, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux 75475 Paris cedex 10, France; Unité CNRS UMR7212/U944, équipe de recherche translationnelle en oncologie, bâtiment Jean-Bernard, 75475 Paris, France. Electronic address: jacqueline.lehmann-che@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lehmann-Che
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'oncologie moléculaire, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux 75475 Paris cedex 10, France; Unité CNRS UMR7212/U944, équipe de recherche translationnelle en oncologie, bâtiment Jean-Bernard, 75475 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Poirot
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de biochimie, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, 30029 Nîmes, France; EA 2415, « Aide à la décision médicale personnalisée : aspects méthodologiques » IURC, faculté de médecine de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de biochimie, CHU de Nîmes Carémeau, 30029 Nîmes, France; Unité Inserm U1194, Institut de recherche en cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), 34298 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evrard
mesh_terms: D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D057285:Precision Medicine
keywords: Personalized medicine; Targeted therapy; Theranostic biomarkers