title: Role of structural barriers in the in vitro bioaccessibility of anthocyanins in comparison with carotenoids.
abstract: Although natural structural barriers are factors limiting nutrient bioaccessibility, their specific role in anthocyanin bioaccessibility is still unknown. To better understand how natural barriers govern bioactive compound bioaccessibility, an experimental approach comparing anthocyanins and carotenoids was designed, using a single plant matrix. Initial results revealed increased anthocyanin bioaccessibility in masticated black carrot. To explain this observation, samples with increasing levels of bioencapsulation (free-compound, homogenized-puree, puree) were examined. While carotenoid bioaccessibility was inversely proportional to the level of bioencapsulation, barrier disruption did not increase anthocyanin bioaccessibility. This means that mechanical processing is of particular importance in the case of carotenoid bioaccessibility. While micelle incorporation is the limiting factor for carotenoid bioaccessibility, anthocyanin degradation under alkaline conditions in the gastrointestinal tract dominates. In the absence of structural barriers, anthocyanin bioaccessibility is greater than that of carotenoids.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain. Electronic address: ccarrillo@ubu.es.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Carolien
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buvé
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Agnese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panozzo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grauwet
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: Marc.Hendrickx@biw.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hendrickx
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008823:Micelles; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D008823:Micelles; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: Anthocyanins; Bioaccessibility; Black carrot; Carotenoids; Natural structural barriers