title: Endocrine-related genes are altered by antibacterial agent triclosan in Chironomus riparius aquatic larvae.
abstract: Triclosan (TCS) is an antibacterial agent widely used in personal care and consumer products and commonly detected in aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the effects of TCS on endocrine-related genes of Chironomus riparius aquatic larvae, a reference organism in aquatic toxicology, were evaluated. Twenty-four-hour in vivo exposures at 10µg/L, 100µg/L, and 1000µg/L TCS revealed that this xenobiotic was able to alter the transcriptional activity of ecdysone receptor gene (EcR), the ultraspiracle gene (usp), the estrogen-related receptor gene (ERR), and the E74 early ecdysone-inducible gene, as measured by real-time RT-PCR. Moreover, the hsp70 gene, a heat shock protein gene, was upregulated after exposure to TCS. The results of the present work provide the first evidence of the potential disruptive effects of TCS in endocrine-related genes suggesting a mode of action that mimics ecdysteroid hormones in insects.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental. Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), C/ Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: pjdepaz@ccia.uned.es.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez-Paz
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental. Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), C/ Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental. Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), C/ Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Josune
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Urien
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental. Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), C/ Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morcillo
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental. Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), C/ Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martínez-Guitarte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D002683:Chironomidae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004440:Ecdysone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000235:genetics*; D014260:Triclosan / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; C055469:ecdysone receptor; D004440:Ecdysone; D014260:Triclosan
keywords: Ecdysone-responsive genes; Endocrine disruptor; Hsp70 gene; Insects