title: The response of human osteoblasts, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages and oral bacteria to nanostructured titanium surfaces: a systematic study.
abstract: Nanotopography modification is a major focus of interest in current titanium surface design; however, the influence of the nanostructured surface on human cell/bacterium behavior has rarely been systematically evaluated. In this study, a homogeneous nanofiber structure was prepared on a titanium surface (Nano) by alkali-hydrothermal treatment, and the effects of this Nano surface on the behaviors of human MG-63 osteoblasts, human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were evaluated in comparison with a smooth titanium surface (Smooth) by polishing and a micro-rough titanium surface (Micro) by sandblasting and acid etching. In addition, the impacts of these different surface morphologies on human THP-1 macrophage polarization andStreptococcus mutansattachment were also assessed. Our findings showed that the nanostructured surface enhanced the osteogenic activity of MG-63 cells (Nano=Micro>Smooth) at the same time that it improved the attachment of HGECs (Nano>Smooth>Micro) and HGFs (Nano=Micro>Smooth). Furthermore, the surface with nanotexture did not affect macrophage polarization (Nano=Micro=Smooth), but did reduce initial bacterial adhesion (Nano<Smooth<Micro). These results suggest that the nanostructured titanium surface may promote bone and soft tissue healing, and thereby increase the success and survival of dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology.
authors.forename: Xinchao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology.
authors.forename: Lianyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology.
authors.forename: Deliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology.
authors.forename: Shuxian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
authors.forename: Xuanyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology.
authors.forename: Xinquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium
keywords: antimicrobial effect; macrophage polarization; nanotopography; osteogenic differentiation; soft tissue barrier