title: A clinical study of the coronal plane deformity in Parkinson disease.
abstract: Postural deformities in the coronal plane were frequent and disabling complications of PD, which reduces the quality of life of patients. This study aimed to garner greater attention to the Parkinson disease (PD)-related postural trunk deviations in the coronal plane by exploring a method for diagnosis because of the lack of any uniform diagnostic criteria and epidemiological studies. It also aimed to provide correlation data in the Chinese PD patients.
  
  
  
  In this cross-sectional study, 503 consecutive outpatients with PD were enrolled who underwent standardized clinical evaluation. The study recruited 83 PD patients diagnosed with Pisa syndrome (PS). Scoliosis and coronal imbalance were diagnosed accurately by radiographic data. The PD patients were compared based on the Cobb angle and coronal balance for several demographic and clinical variables.
  
  
  
  PD patients with PS had a prevalence of 16.5%. The prevalence of coronal imbalance and scoliosis was 10.34 and 7.75%, respectively. PD patients with PS were older and had a more severe disease, significantly longer disease duration and treatment duration, and reduced quality of life. The most important finding was that the different morphology of the spinal level had an effect on the severity of coronal balance or Cobb angle.
  
  
  
  The present study indicated that the postural deformities in the coronal plane were related to the morphology of the spinal level, especially the position of the Cobb angle. To benefit the PD patients with PS, the full-length standing spine radiographs should be performed as early as possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Danning
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Neurology, Haining People's Hospital, Jiaxing, China.
authors.forename: Xueping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Neurology, Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, China.
authors.forename: Chaoyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
authors.forename: Jixiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
authors.forename: Yuxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Pharmacy, Fenghua Hospital, Fenghua, Ningbo, China.
authors.forename: Qianzhuang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.|Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
authors.forename: Xiaosheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, No. 117 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China. Fangcairich@qq.com.
authors.forename: Fangcai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China. luoweirock@126.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012307:Risk Factors; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Cobb angle; Coronal imbalance; Parkinson disease; Pisa syndrome; Scoliosis