title: A Case of Disseminated Infection with Skin Manifestation due to Non-neoformans and Non-gattii Cryptococcus in a Patient with Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
abstract: Cryptococcus spp. other than Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii were previously considered saprophytes and thought to be non-pathogenic to humans. However, opportunistic infections associated with non-neoformans and non-gattii species, such as Cryptococcus laurentii and Cryptococcus albidus, have increased over the past four decades. We experienced a case of cryptococcosis caused by non-neoformans and non-gattii spp. in a 47-year-old female with refractory acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The patient underwent salvage chemotherapy with fluconazole prophylaxis and subsequently developed neutropenic fever with multiple erythematous umbilicated papules. A skin biopsy revealed fungal hyphae and repetitive blood cultures showed yeast microorganisms that were identified later as C. laurentii by Vitek-II®. Skin lesions and fever began to improve with conventional amphotericin B therapy. The treatment regimen was continued for 21 days until the disseminated cryptococcosis was completely controlled.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Seob
authors.identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6091-4873
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Hematologic Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyewon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Weon Seo
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Hong
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Si Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Hematologic Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea. hseom@ncc.re.kr.
authors.forename: Hyeon Seok
authors.identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0484-2067
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Eom
keywords: Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus laurentii; non-gattii cryptococci; non-neoformans