title: ZnO nanostructure fabrication in different solvents transforms physio-chemical, biological and photodegradable properties.
abstract: Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures are synthesized in various organic solvents (acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol) and water via coprecipitation process using zinc acetate as precursor. The resultant ZnO nanoparticles, nano rods and nano sheets are characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The variable size and geometry of nanoparticles depend upon medium used for synthesis. The synthesized ZnO nanostructures exhibit minor to moderate antioxidative (DPPH based free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidative potential and total reducing power) response. Mild to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activities, excellent antileishmanial potential (IC50 up to 3.76), and good cytotoxic perspective (LD50 up to 49.4) is also observed by the synthesized ZnO NPs. The nanoparticles also exhibit moderate α-amylase inhibition response. Furthermore the nanostructures are evaluated for methylene blue photodegradation response within 60min time period. It is found that organic solvent alters shape, size and other physio-chemical properties of ZnO that ultimately modulate the biological, chemical, and environmental properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Attarad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sidra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ambreen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Rabia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabassum
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ul Haq
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan. Electronic address: ziachaudhary@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001156:Artemia / Q000254:growth & development; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000187:drug effects; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010316:Particle Size; D010782:Photolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D012997:Solvents; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D008751:Methylene Blue
keywords: Antibacterial; Antileishmanial; Antioxidative; DPPH; Nanoparticles; Organic solvent; Scanning electron microscopy