title: Analysis of antiproliferative effect of Chamerion angustifolium water extract and its fractions on several breast cancer cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antiproliferative effect of the aerial part of Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub. (Onagraceae) extract and its fractions in vitro. This is the first study on the anti-proliferative effect of C. angustifolium on 3 distinct breast cancer cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Breast cancer cell lines MCF7, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 were exposed to different concentrations of the water extract of C. angustifolium, where DPPH radical scavenging activity was 0.018-0.443mg/ml, expressed in rutin equivalents. Cell growth was analyzed after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation. Solid-phase extraction was applied for the fractionation of C. angustifolium water extract and MDA-MB-468 cell line growth was tested using different fractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentrations corresponding to radical scavenging activity of 0.117 and 0.266mg/ml caused MCF7 cells growth inhibition, while in the samples exposed to the highest concentration (0.355 and 0.443mg/ml) no proliferation was register, suggesting cell death. MDA-MB-468 cell analysis showed similar responses. MDA-MB-231 demonstrated cell growth inhibition following the exposure to all analyzed high extract doses (0.117-0.443mg/ml). MDA-MB-468 cells were selected to evaluate the effect of fractions. In the samples exposed to the fraction containing the highest amount (91%) of oenothein B, at the concentration of 0.117mg/ml a pronounced cell growth inhibition while at higher concentrations (0.266 and 0.443mg/ml) no cell proliferation was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The consumption of C. angustifolium herb can be advantageous, alongside with conventional breast cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address: a.maruska@gmf.vdu.lt.
authors.forename: Audrius
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maruška
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Rasa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ugenskienė
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Danguolė
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raulinaitytė
authors.affiliation: Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Elona
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Juozaitytė
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Vilma
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kaškonienė
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drevinskas
authors.affiliation: Sector of Medicinal Plants, Kaunas Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Ada
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stelmakienė
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Ieva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akuneca
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makaravičius
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tiso
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bartkuvienė
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kornyšova
authors.affiliation: Sector of Medicinal Plants, Kaunas Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Ona
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ragažinskienė
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramanauskienė
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Vitalis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Briedis
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D029594:Onagraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Fractionation; MCF7 cells; MDA-MB-231 cells; MDA-MB-468 cells; Oenothein B