title: Anisotropy in the thermal hysteresis of resistivity and charge density wave nature of single crystal SrFeO3-δ: X-ray absorption and photoemission studies.
abstract: The local electronic and atomic structures of the high-quality single crystal of SrFeO3-δ(δ~0.19) were studied using temperature-dependent x-ray absorption and valence-band photoemission spectroscopy (VB-PES) to investigate the origin of anisotropic resistivity in the ab-plane and along the c-axis close to the region of thermal hysteresis (near temperature for susceptibility maximum, Tm~78 K). All experiments herein were conducted during warming and cooling processes. The Fe L3,2-edge X-ray linear dichroism results show that during cooling from room temperature to below the transition temperature, the unoccupied Fe 3d egstates remain in persistently out-of-plane 3d3z2-r2orbitals. In contrast, in the warming process below the transition temperature, they change from 3d3z2-r2to in-plane 3dx2-y2orbitals. The nearest-neighbor (NN) Fe-O bond lengths also exhibit anisotropic behavior in the ab-plane and along the c-axis below Tm. The anisotropic NN Fe-O bond lengths and Debye-Waller factors stabilize the in-plane Fe 3dx2-y2and out-of-plane 3d3z2-r2orbitals during warming and cooling, respectively. Additionally, a VB-PES study further confirms that a relative band gap opens at low temperature in both the ab-plane and along the c-axis, providing the clear evidence of the charge-density-wave nature of SrFeO3-δ(δ~0.19) single crystal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S H
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8475-7486
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.|Centre of Material Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Pao
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C-M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: W-C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251, Taiwan. wfpong@mail.tku.edu.tw.
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Pong