title: A new malaria vector mosquito in South Africa.
abstract: South Africa aims to eliminate malaria within its borders by 2018. Despite well-coordinated provincial vector control programmes that are based on indoor residual insecticide spraying, low-level residual malaria transmission continues in the low-altitude border regions of the north-eastern sector of the country. In order to identify the underlying causes of residual transmission, an enhanced vector surveillance system has been implemented at selected sites in the Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) provinces. The collection periods for the data presented are March 2015 to April 2016 for Mpumalanga and January 2014 to December 2015 for KZN. The mosquito collection methods used included indoor and outdoor traps based on the use of traditional ceramic pots, modified plastic buckets and exit window traps (KZN only). All Anopheles funestus species group mosquitoes collected were identified to species and all females were screened for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Two An. vaneedeni females, one from each surveillance site, tested positive for P. falciparum sporozoites. These are the first records of natural populations of An. vaneedeni being infective with P. falciparum. As both specimens were collected from outdoor-placed ceramic pots, these data show that An. vaneedeni likely contributes to residual malaria transmission in South Africa.
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dandalo
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Givemore
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Munhenga
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dahan-Moss
authors.affiliation: Malaria Elimination Programme, Mpumalanga Department of Health, Ehlanzeni District, South Africa.
authors.forename: Frans
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mbokazi
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health, Malaria and Communicable Disease Control, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, South Africa.
authors.forename: Sifiso
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ngxongo
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coetzee
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Lizette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koekemoer
authors.affiliation: Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.|Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical &Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Basil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brooke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D000072138:Mosquito Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016053:RNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D013019:South Africa; D013045:Species Specificity; D034101:Sporozoites / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D016053:RNA, Protozoan