title: Reverse the Resistance to PARP Inhibitors.
abstract: One of the DNA repair machineries is activated by Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) enzyme. Particularly, this enzyme is involved in repair of damages to single-strand DNA, thus decreasing the chances of generating double-strand breaks in the genome. Therefore, the concept to block PARP enzymes by PARP inhibitor (PARPi) was appreciated in cancer treatment. PARPi has been designed and tested for many years and became a potential supplement for the conventional chemotherapy. However, increasing evidence indicates the appearance of the resistance to this treatment. Specifically, cancer cells may acquire new mutations or events that overcome the positive effect of these drugs. This paper describes several molecular mechanisms of PARPi resistance which were reported most recently, and summarizes some strategies to reverse this type of drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Yevgeniy
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Aleksei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Ainur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharip
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Aigul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharip
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Juhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Yingqiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein; D035683:MicroRNAs; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
keywords: DNA repair; PARP; PARP inhibitor; drug resistance