title: The prevalence and morphological types of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) in a contemporary sample of people.
abstract: Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) were examined in 6541 extracted human teeth and classified based on the morphology of the lesions. As a result, NCCLs were found on 38.7% of teeth (41.6% on maxillary teeth and 36.0% on mandibular teeth), and were most frequent on canines and first premolars. According to the new method of classification, the morphology of NCCLs was classified both by the surface contour (SC) and by the cross-sectional contour (CC). Three types of NCCLs appeared to be dominant. The causes of these NCCLs were discussed based on their morphologies, positions where these NCCLs were frequently found, and the results of previous studies. NCCLs with a horizontal oval SC and a round CC (Type I), which were frequent on the labial surfaces of maxillary canines and buccal surfaces of maxillary first premolars, may be associated with wear by friction and chemical degradation. NCCLs with a vertical oval SC and a round CC (Type II), which were frequent on the lingual surfaces of mandibular incisors and canines, might be mainly related to chemical degradation. NCCLs with a horizontal oval SC and a wedge shape CC (Type III), which were extensively found on the buccal surfaces of maxillary premolars, had formed most probably due to wear by friction and microstructural loss by stress. This new method can classify the morphology of NCCLs more precisely and deduce the mechanisms of the formation of NCCLs more clearly than former methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy I, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matudo-Shi, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan. igarashi.yuriko@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0825-9696
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy I, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matudo-Shi, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy I, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matudo-Shi, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan.
authors.forename: Eisaku
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Canine; Mechanism; Morphology; Non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL); Position; Premolar