title: Fabrication of bulk nanostructured permanent magnets with high energy density: challenges and approaches.
abstract: Nanostructured permanent magnetic materials, including exchange-coupled nanocomposite permanent magnets, are considered as the next generation of high-strength magnets for future applications in energy-saving and renewable energy technologies. However, fabrication of bulk nanostructured magnets remains very challenging because conventional compaction and sintering techniques cannot be used for nanostructured bulk material processing. In this paper we review recent efforts at producing bulk nanostructured single-phase and composite magnetic materials with emphasis on grain size control, anisotropy generation and interface modification.
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. yueming@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7978-6357
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China. xyzh66@ysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiangyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA. pliu@uta.edu.
authors.forename: J Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Liu