title: Regulatory Eosinophils in Inflammation and Metabolic Disorders.
abstract: Eosinophils are potent effector cells implicated in allergic responses and helminth infections. Responding to stimuli, they release their granule-derived cytotoxic proteins and are involved in inflammatory processes. However, under homeostatic conditions, eosinophils are abundantly present in the intestine and are constantly in contact with the gut microbiota and maintain the balance of immune responses without inflammation. This situation indicates that intestinal eosinophils have an anti-inflammatory function unlike allergic eosinophils. In support of this notion, some papers have shown that eosinophils have different phenotypes depending on the site of residence and are a heterogeneous cell population. Recently, it was reported that eosinophils in the small intestine and adipose tissue, respectively, contribute to homeostasis of intestinal immune responses and metabolism. Accordingly, in this review, we summarize new functions of eosinophils demonstrated in recent studies and discuss their homeostatic functions.
authors.affiliation: Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-Gie
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Raduate School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Seoh
authors.affiliation: WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Myoung Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jang
keywords: Anti-inflammation; Eosinophils; IL-1R antagonist; IL-4; IgA; Th17 cells