title: Cardiac failure detection in 30 minutes: new approach based on gold nanoparticles.
abstract: Cardiac failure occurs when heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The aim of this work is to detect highly expressed genes: follistatin-related protein 1 (FSTL1) in heart failure within 30 minutes, using gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles were prepared by citrate reduction of HAuCl43H2O; probe sequence was designed based on the FSTL1 gene region. Preparation of gold nanoprobes (AuNPs) proceeded by treating all the containers with DEPC-treated water, followed by reduction and conjugation. Transmission electron microscopy shows that AuNPs were 10-15 nm in size. The concentration of the nanoprobes was 2.1 nM, and they bind to target. Real-time PCR shows an over-expression of FSTL1 and FSTL3 in heart failure (p < .05). Our data showed that elevated expression of the FSTL1 and FSTL3 is a marker of heart failure as detected within 30 minutes by the synthesised AuNPs; the method is accurate and fast.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namdari
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Biotechnology , School of Advance Science in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Negahdari
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cheraghi
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medical Biotechnology , School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Hammed T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Aiyelabegan
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Biotechnology , School of Advance Science in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.|d Department of Medical Biotechnology , School of Advance Science in Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eatmadi
mesh_terms: D038702:Follistatin-Related Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006046:Gold; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D038702:Follistatin-Related Proteins; C448799:FSTL1 protein, human; D006046:Gold
keywords: Cardiac failure; FSTL1; gold nanoparticles; nanoprobes