title: Formation and evolution of orientation-specific CO2chains on nonpolar ZnO(10͞10) surfaces.
abstract: Clarifying the fundamental adsorption and diffusion process of CO2on single crystal ZnO surfaces is critical in understanding CO2activation and transformation over ZnO-based catalysts. By using ultrahigh vacuum-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (UHV-FTIRS), we observed the fine structures of CO2vibrational bands on ZnO(100) surfaces, which are the combinations of different vibrational frequencies, originated from CO2monomer, dimer, trimer and longer polymer chains along [0001] direction according to the density functional theory calculations. Such novel chain adsorption mode results from the relatively large attractive interaction between CO2and Zn3catoms in [0001] direction. Further experiments indicate that the short chains at low coverage evolve into long chains through Ostwald ripening by annealing. At higher CO2coverage (0.7 ML), the as-grown local (2 × 1) phase of chains first evolve into an unstable local (1 × 1) phase below 150 K, and then into a stable well-defined (2 × 1) phase above 150 K.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shandong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shiming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shujun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mingchun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shishen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yan