title: Antibacterial activity of microstructured sacrificial anode thin films by combination of silver with platinum group elements (platinum, palladium, iridium).
abstract: Five different Ag dots arrays (16 to 400dots/mm2) were fabricated on a continuous platinum, palladium, or iridium thin film and for comparison also on titanium film by sputter deposition and photolithographic patterning. To analyze the antibacterial activity of these microstructured films Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were placed onto the array surfaces and cultivated overnight. To analyze the viability of planktonic as well as surface adherent bacteria, the applied bacterial fluid was subsequently aspirated, plated on blood agar plates and adherent bacteria were detected by fluorescence microscopy. A particular antibacterial effect towards S. aureus was induced by Ag dot arrays on each of the platinum group thin film (sacrificial anode system for Ag) in contrast to Ag dot arrays fabricated on the Ti thin films (non-sacrificial anode system for Ag). Among platinum group elements the Ir-Ag system exerted the highest antibacterial activity which was accompanied by most advanced dissolution of the Ag dots and Ag ion release compared to Ag dots on Pt or Pd.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany. Electronic address: Manfred.Koeller@rub.de.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köller
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bellova
authors.affiliation: Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr-University, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Siyamak Memar
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Javid
authors.affiliation: Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr-University, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Motemani
authors.affiliation: Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr-University, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Chinmay
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Khare
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sengstock
authors.affiliation: Micro- & Nano-Electrochemistry and Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tschulik
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Schildhauer
authors.affiliation: Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr-University, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ludwig
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D004566:Electrodes; D007495:Iridium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010984:Platinum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012834:Silver; D007495:Iridium; D010984:Platinum; D010165:Palladium
keywords: Antibacterial surface; Iridium; Palladium; Platinum; Sacrificial anode; Silver; Thin film; Titanium