title: Maternal and infant genetic variants, maternal periconceptional use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: population based study.
abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the association between maternal periconceptional use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and increased risk of congenital heart defects in offspring is modified by maternal or infant genetic variants in folate, homocysteine, or transsulfuration pathways.DesignPopulation based study. DNA from mothers, fathers, and infants was genotyped with an Illumina GoldenGate custom single nucleotide polymorphism panel. A hybrid design based on a log linear model was used to calculate relative risks and Bayesian false discovery probabilities (BFDP) to identify polymorphisms associated with congenital heart defects modified by SSRI use.Data sourcesData from the US National Birth Defects Prevention Study on 1180 liveborn infants with congenital heart defects and 1644 controls, born 1997-2008.Main outcome measuresCases included infants with selected congenital heart defects and control infants had no major defects. SSRI use was obtained from telephone interviews with mothers.ResultsFor women who reported taking SSRIs periconceptionally, maternal SHMT1 (rs9909104) GG and AGgenotypes were associated with a 5.9 and 2.4 increased risk of select congenital heart defects in offspring, respectively, versus the AA genotype (BFDP=0.69). Compared with the AA genotype, BHMT (rs492842 and rs542852) GG and AG genotypes were associated with twice the riskof congenital heart defects (BFDP=0.74 and 0.79, respectively). MGST1 (rs2075237) CC and ACgenotypes were associated with an increased risk compared with the GG genotype (8.0 and 2.8, respectively; BFDP=0.79). Single nucleotide polymorphism in infant genes in the folate (MTHFS rs12438477), homocysteine (TRDMT1 rs6602178 and GNMT rs11752813) and transsulfuration (GSTP1 rs7941395 and MGST1 rs7294985) pathways were also associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects.ConclusionsCommon maternal or infant genetic variants in folate, homocysteine, or transsulfuration pathways are associated with an increased risk of certain congenital heart defects among children of women taking SSRIs during cardiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Birth Defects Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA wnnembhard@uams.edu.
authors.forename: Wendy N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Nembhard
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202 USA.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202 USA.
authors.forename: Zhuopei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Division of Birth Defects Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA.
authors.forename: Stewart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacLeod
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Stowe
authors.affiliation: Division of Birth Defects Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Webber
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors