title: Green Tea Induced Cellular Proliferation and the Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in the Jejunal Mucosa of Fasting Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to understand whether or not the protective effect of green tea after fasting-induced damage in the jejunal mucosa of rat is dependent on cell proliferation and the stimulation of specific growth factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. The animals were divided randomly into 5 groups, with 12 in each group (G1-5). The animals in G1 (control group) were fed a rat chow diet and water ad libitum. The animals in G2 (fasting group) were fasted for 3 days. The animals in the G3, G4, and G5 groups were fasted for 3 days as G2, but were given water (G3), green tea (G4), or a vitamin E (G5) solution, respectively, for another 7 days. The animals were euthanized, and the jejunum was removed and processed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the G3 group, the jejunal mucosa of G4 rats showed a 70.6% higher level (p < 0.001) of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and 98% higher level (p = 0.0001) of the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), whereas the level of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression was 22 and 11% lower, respectively, in G4 animals as compared to G3 rats. These differences in the expression of FGF-1 and IGF-1 in G4 animals were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, green tea repaired the fasting-induced damage in the jejunal mucosa of rats, mainly by inducing a significant expression of TGF-β1 in the jejunal mucosa.
authors.forename: Thazhumpal C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Suad M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Abdeen
authors.forename: Hussain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dashti
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asfar
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D037901:Euthanasia, Animal; D005215:Fasting; D007120:Immunochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D013662:Tea / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D013662:Tea; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C496350:Fgfr1 protein, rat; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1
keywords: Cell proliferation; Fasting; Growth factors; Jejunal mucosa