title: Structural characterization of immunostimulating protein-sulfated fucan complex extracted from the body wall of a sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus.
abstract: The water soluble protein-sulfated fucan (PSF) complex isolated from the body wall of Stichopus japonicus was fractionated using an anion-exchange chromatography to obtain four purified fractions (F1, F2, F3, and F4) and to investigate their structural characteristics and immuno-enhancing activities. The crude PSF and fractions mostly consisted of neutral sugars, proteins and sulfates in various proportions. Fucose was their major monosaccharide unit with small portion of mannose, glucose and galactose. The molecular weight (Mw) of the crude PSF and fractions ranged from 323.6×103to 3630.0×103g/mol. The crude PSF, F2, and F3were potent stimulator of RAW264.7 cells inducing marked nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines production. The glycosidic linkage of polysaccharides was evaluated using GC-MS and confirmed by 2D-NMR. The main backbone of highly immunostimulating F3fraction was (1→3)-α-l-linked fucosyl residue with sulfation at C-2 and/or C-4.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China; Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 GangneungDaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Rong-An
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 GangneungDaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Utoomporn
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Surayot
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 GangneungDaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-702, South Korea. Electronic address: umyousg@gwnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: SangGuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012616:Sea Cucumbers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011506:Proteins; C007789:fucoidan
keywords: Cytokines; Glycosidic linkages; Immunostimulation; Nitric oxide; Protein-sulfated fucan; Stichopus japonicus