title: Application of the expanded Creme RIFM consumer exposure model to fragrance ingredients in cosmetic, personal care and air care products.
abstract: As part of a joint project between the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM) and Creme Global, a Monte Carlo model (here named the Creme RIFM model) has been developed to estimate consumer exposure to ingredients in personal care products. Details of the model produced in Phase 1 of the project have already been published. Further data on habits and practises have been collected which enable the model to estimate consumer exposure from dermal, oral and inhalation routes for 25 product types. . In addition, more accurate concentration data have been obtained which allow levels of fragrance ingredients in these product types to be modelled. Described is the use of this expanded model to estimate aggregate systemic exposure for eight fragrance ingredients. Results are shown for simulated systemic exposure (expressed as μg/kg bw/day) for each fragrance ingredient in each product type, along with simulated aggregate exposure. Highest fragrance exposure generally occurred from use of body lotions, body sprays and hydroalcoholic products. For the fragrances investigated, aggregate exposure calculated using this model was 11.5-25 fold lower than that calculated using deterministic methodology. The Creme RIFM model offers a very comprehensive and powerful tool for estimating aggregate exposure to fragrance ingredients.
authors.affiliation: B-Safe Toxicology Consulting, 31 Hayway, Rushden, Northants, NN10 6AG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Safford
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, United States of America. Electronic address: amapi@rifm.org.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Api
authors.affiliation: Unilever, Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Beds, MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barratt
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Comiskey
authors.affiliation: Givaudan International S.A., 5 chemin de la parfumerie, CH1214, Vernier, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.affiliation: Creme Global Ltd, The Tower, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Mahony
authors.affiliation: SH Robison Consulting, LLC, P.O. Box 688, Milford, OH 45150, United States.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robison
authors.affiliation: The Procter and Gamble Company, Sharon Woods Innovation Center, 11530 Reed Hartman Hwy, Cincinnati, OH 45241, United States.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: Firmenich Inc., P.O. Box 5880, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Procter&Gamble, Surrey, TW20 9NW, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tozer
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis*; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D010476:Perfume / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D010476:Perfume
keywords: Aggregate exposure; Air care products; Cosmetic products; Fragrance ingredient; Monte Carlo exposure model; Personal care products