title: 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan-assisted BMP-2 immobilization of PCL scaffolds for enhanced osteoinduction.
abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) modified electrospun fibrous PCL scaffold for bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) delivery to improve osteoinduction. The PCL scaffold was modified by an aminolysis reaction using ethylenediamine (ED) and 26SCS was immobilized via electrostatic interactions (PCL-N-S). Scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. In vitro BMP-2 adsorption and release kinetics indicated that modified PCL-N-S scaffolds showed higher levels of binding of BMP-2 (about 30-100 times), moderative burst release (about one third), and prolonged releasing time compared to the unmodified PCL scaffold. The bioactivity of released BMP-2 determined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was maintained and improved 8-12 times with increasing concentration of immobilized 26SCS on the scaffolds. In vitro studies demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) attached more readily to the PCL-N-S scaffolds with increased spreading. In conclusion, 26SCS modified PCL scaffolds can be a potent system for the sustained and bioactive delivery of BMP-2.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
authors.forename: Lingyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuanman
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China. Electronic address: biomatwj@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
authors.forename: Jerome A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Werkmeister
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. Electronic address: Keith.McLean@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Keith M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China. Electronic address: liucs@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Changsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C539268:2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Bioactivity; Bmp-2; Electrospun; Release; Sulfated chitosan