title: Peptidoglycan sensing by octopaminergic neurons modulatesDrosophilaoviposition.
abstract: As infectious diseases pose a threat to host integrity, eukaryotes have evolved mechanisms to eliminate pathogens. In addition to develop strategies reducing infection, animals can engage in behaviors that lower the impact of the infection. The molecular mechanisms by which microbes impact host behavior are not well understood. We demonstrate that bacterial infection ofDrosophilafemales reduces oviposition and that peptidoglycan, the component that activatesDrosophilaantibacterial response, is also the elicitor of this behavioral change. We show that peptidoglycan regulates egg-laying rate by activating NF-κB signaling pathway in octopaminergic neurons and that, a dedicated peptidoglycan degrading enzyme acts in these neurons to buffer this behavioral response. This study shows that a unique ligand and signaling cascade are used in immune cells to mount an immune response and in neurons to control fly behavior following infection. This may represent a case of behavioral immunity.
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7288, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: C Leopold
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kurz
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7288, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3359-4066
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charroux
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7288, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chaduli
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7288, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Annelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viallat-Lieutaud
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7288, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5671-4833
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Royet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D010058:Oviposition; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017982:Receptors, Biogenic Amine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D017982:Receptors, Biogenic Amine; C027604:norsynephrine receptor
keywords: D. melanogaster; IMD; NF-kB; behaviour; drosophila; immunology; innate immunity; neuroscience; octopaminergic neurons