title: Determination of pesticide residues in globe artichoke leaves and fruits by GC-MS and LC-MS/MS using the same QuEChERS procedure.
abstract: Aiming to select the most suitable sample preparation for the multiresidue analysis of pesticides in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L.), a modified QuEChERS, a matrix solid phase dispersion and a dispersive ethyl acetate extraction were compared. Trueness and precision were determined at 0.2mgkg-1for the three methods. The modified QuEChERS showed the best performance. The scope of the method was enlarged to 35 GC and 63 LC amenable pesticides, its overall performance was evaluated and validated to artichoke leaves and fruits according to DG-SANTE Guidelines. Different matrix effects were observed for most of the pesticides which were higher for leaves than fruits. Difenoconazole and flutriafol suffered signal suppression in leaves extracts but showed positive matrix effects in fruits. All pesticides were analyzed at or below their Maximum Residue Levels fixed for globe artichoke by the European Union. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of commercial samples.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Av. Gral. Flores 2124, P.O. Box 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Análisis de Contaminantes Trazas, Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Av. Gral. Flores 2124, P.O. Box 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gérez
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Av. Gral. Flores 2124, P.O. Box 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Mariela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pistón
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Análisis de Contaminantes Trazas, Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Av. Gral. Flores 2124, P.O. Box 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay; Grupo de Análisis de Contaminantes Trazas, DQL, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Ruta 3 km.363, Paysandú, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heinzen
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Análisis de Contaminantes Trazas, Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Av. Gral. Flores 2124, P.O. Box 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay; Grupo de Análisis de Contaminantes Trazas, DQL, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Ruta 3 km.363, Paysandú, Uruguay. Electronic address: cs@fq.edu.uy.
authors.forename: María Verónica
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cesio
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D031943:Cynara scolymus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues
keywords: GC–MS; Globe artichoke; LC–MS/MS; Multiresidue dispersive methods; Pesticide residues