title: Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) for upper airway obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Improvements in the antenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations have led to increased detection of fetal airway obstructing lesions, and pediatric ear, nose, and throat surgeons are increasingly involved in these cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This article outlines the typical range of pathology seen, the logistics in providing support for anticipated deliveries and the multidisciplinary management of complex airway cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traditionally, difficulty in obtaining a patent airway at delivery was a major factor in the dismal prognosis of these pregnancies. The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure, which involves controlled partial delivery of the fetus whilst maintaining placental circulation, allows various airway maneuvers to be performed to secure the airway in a controlled fashion.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Otolaryngology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation TrustbFetal Medicine Unit, University College London Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Colin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Elizabeth F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Maughan
authors.forename: Pranav
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandya
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hewitt
mesh_terms: D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D013513:Obstetric Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis