title: Effects and Mechanisms of Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Sympathetic Nerve on Anti-Hypertension in Canine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radiofrequency ablation of renal sympathetic nerve (RDN) shows effective BP reduction in hypertensive patients while the specific mechanisms remain unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that abnormal levels of norepinephrine (NE) and changes in NE-related enzymes and angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) and Mas receptor mediate the anti-hypertensive effects of RDN.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mean values of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Plasma and renal norepinephrine (NE) concentrations were determined using highperformance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, and levels of NE-related enzyme and ACE2-Ang(1-7)- Mas were measured using real time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry or Elisa in a hypertensive canine model fed with high-fat diet and treated with RDN. The parameters were also determined in a sham group treated with renal arteriography and a control group fed with normal diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RDN decreased SBP, DBP, MAP, plasma and renal NE. Compared with the sham group, renal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression was lower and renalase expression was higher in the RDN group. Compared with the control group, renal TH and catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) were higher and renalase was lower in the sham group. Moreover, renal ACE2, Ang-(1-7) and Mas levels of the RDN group were higher than those of the sham group, which were lower than those of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RDN shows anti-hypertensive effect with reduced NE and activation of ACE2-Ang(1-7)-Mas, indicating that it may contribute to the anti-hypertensive effect of RDN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000803:Angiotensin I / Q000032:analysis; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000032:analysis; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004285:Dogs; D006973:Hypertension / Q000601:surgery*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000294:innervation* / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000032:analysis; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D012016:Reference Values; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000601:surgery; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013562:Sympathectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D000803:Angiotensin I; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; C521557:renalase; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; C118790:angiotensin I (1-7)