title: Zedoary Guaiane-Type Sesquiterpenes-Eluting Stents Accelerate Endothelial Healing Without Neointimal Hyperplasia in a Porcine Coronary Artery Model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of zedoary guaiane-type sesquiterpenes (ZGS)-based eluting stent (ZES) in accelerating reendothelialization and inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia were examined in a porcine coronary artery model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ZES was prepared by polymer-free 316L stainless metal stents. Sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and bare metal stents (BMS) with identical platforms were used as controls. Stents with 15 mm in length and 2.0 to 3.5 mm in diameter were implanted in porcine coronary arteries. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histopathology were performed to assess the reendothelialization and neointimal hyperplasia. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the influence of ZGS on human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 7 days, SEM showed that percentage of endothelial coverage area was 94.04% ± 5.01% for ZES, 47.59% ± 19.91% for SES ( P < .01 for ZES vs SES), and 59.58% ± 19.61% for BMS ( P < .05 for ZES vs BMS). At 28 days, the percentage of coverage area was 98.51% ± 1.86% for ZES, 86.18% ± 8.16% for SES ( P < .05 for ZES vs SES), and 94.26% ± 5.58% for BMS. Neointimal area and stenosis were significantly lower in ZES (1.07 ± 0.48 mm2, 27.66% ± 12.20%) compared to BMS (1.73 ± 0.69 mm2, 44.08% ± 15.03%, both P < .01, respectively), with no difference in SES (0.94 ± 0.12 mm2, 28.87% ± 6.00%, both P > .05, respectively). The ZGS also promoted HUVECs viability and improved HUVECs proliferation compared to sirolimus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ZES accelerated reendothelialization and suppressed neointimal hyperplasia in a porcine coronary artery model, with beneficial effects on HUVECs.
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Fuhai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jiangang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jianpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Dazhuo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: 1 Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|2 China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Keji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D023421:Models, Animal; D058426:Neointima / Q000473:pathology*; D045789:Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D045789:Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane
keywords: neointimal hyperplasia; reendothelialization; stents; zedoary guaiane-type sesquiterpenes