title: Neonatal dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: Cardiomyopathies are rare diseases of the heart muscle, of multiple causes, that manifest with various structural and functional phenotypes but are invariably associated with cardiac dysfunction. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the commonest cardiomyopathy in children, and the majority present before one year of age. Its etiology may be acquired or genetic. Myocarditis is an important cause and is responsible for the majority of acquired cases. Inherited (familial) forms of dilated cardiomyopathy may occur in 25-50% of patients. Echocardiographic and tissue Doppler studies are the basis for diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy in most patients. Marked dilatation of the left ventricle with global hypokinesis is the hallmark of the disease. This review will cover the classification, epidemiology and management of newborns with dilated cardiomyopathy. In particular, a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the genetic study of dilated cardiomyopathy and of detailed echocardiographic assessment of these patients will be presented.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: paulojosoares@sapo.pt.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pissarra
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Flôr-de-Lima
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dória
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Hercília
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn
keywords: Abordagem; Avaliação ecocardiográfica; Cardiomiopatia dilatada; Dilated cardiomyopathy; Echocardiographic evaluation; Estudo genético; Genetic studies; Management; Neonatal