title: The Concentration of Vanadium in Pathologically Altered Human Kidneys.
abstract: Vanadium has a unique and beneficial effect on both humans and animal organisms; however, excessive amount of the above-mentioned metal can cause many alterations in tissues and organs, including the kidneys. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of vanadium (V) in the kidneys removed from patients due to lesions of various etiologies, including the rejection of the transplanted kidneys. Additionally, we determined the influence of selected biological and environmental factors on the V concentration. The study material consisted of the kidneys with tumor lesions (n = 27) and extracted kidney grafts (n = 10) obtained from patients from the north-western Poland. The V concentrations were assessed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry emission in inductively coupled argon plasma and expressed in concentrations in dry weight (dw). Statistically significant differences were observed for V concentrations in the renal medulla between the kidneys with tumors and renal grafts, where the lowest concentration of V was observed. The kidneys in more advanced stages of the tumor (T3 + T4) contained more vanadium than the kidneys of T1 + T2 stages and medians were 2.07 and 1.51, respectively. We also compared the V concentration in the kidneys between the renal grafts (K2) and the kidneys with tumor (K1) in two stages of advancement: T1 with T2 (K11 + 2) and T3 with T4 (K13 + 4). Statistically significant differences were noted between the renal medullae of the above-mentioned groups of kidneys.According to the previous studies on the concentrations of other heavy metals, renal grafts accumulate less vanadium than cancerous kidneys, what can be associated with the immunosuppressive drugs taken by patients after the transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland. aleksandra.wilk@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilk
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiszniewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szypulska-Koziarska
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romanowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Różański
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Słojewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ciechanowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchelek-Myśliwiec
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kalisińska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014639:Vanadium / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014639:Vanadium
keywords: Kidney; Kidney cortex; Kidney graft; Kidney medulla; Renal cell carcinoma; Vanadium