title: Metered Cryospray™: a novel uniform, controlled, and consistent in vivo application of liquid nitrogen cryogenic spray.
abstract: In this article, a novel cryotherapy approach using a uniform, controlled, and consistent in vivo application of liquid nitrogen (LN2) spray as a Metered Cryospray™(MCS) process is described. Although MCS may be used for many potential clinical applications, this paper focuses on the development that led to the controlled and consistent delivery of radial LN2cryogen spray in order to generate a uniform circumferential effect and how the amount of MCS can be adapted to specifically ablate targeted diseases within a patient's lumen such as an airway or esophagus.
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Thomas I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Mulcahey
authors.affiliation: Pathology Laboratory for Translational Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Coad
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Wei Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Heather V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Hawkes
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Sean A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Ellen E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Sheets
authors.affiliation: CSA Medical Inc., Lexington, MA.
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Vadala
keywords: LN2 spray cryotherapy; Metered Cryospray™; cryoablation; rejuvenative healing