title: Follicle stimulating hormone, its novel association with sex hormone binding globulin in men and postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Follicle stimulating hormone plays direct roles in a variety of nongonadal tissues and sex hormone binding globulin is becoming the convergence of the crosstalk among metabolic diseases. However, no studies have explored the association between follicle stimulating hormone and sex hormone binding globulin. We aimed to study this association among men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  SPECT-China is a population-based study conducted since 2014. This study included 4206 men and 2842 postmenopausal women. Collected serum was assayed for gonadotropins, sex hormone binding globulin, sex hormones etc. Regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between sex hormone binding globulin and follicle stimulating hormone and other variables including metabolic factors, thyroid function and sex hormones. Treatment with follicle stimulating hormone at different concentrations of 0, 5, 50 and 100 IU/L for 24 h was performed in HepG2 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Spearman correlation, sex hormone binding globulin was significantly correlated with FSH, triglycerides, thyroxins, body mass index and blood pressure in men and postmenopausal women (all P < 0.05). In regression analyses, follicle stimulating hormone was a significant predictor of sex hormone binding globulin in men and postmenopausal women (P < 0.05), independent of above variables. Follicle stimulating hormone induced sex hormone binding globulin expression in a dose-dependent fashion in HepG2 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum follicle stimulating hormone levels were positively associated with circulating sex hormone binding globulin levels in men and postmenopausal women. This association is independent of age, insulin resistance, hepatic function, lipid profile, thyroid function, adiposity, blood pressure, and endogenous sex hormones.
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Ningjian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Yingchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Fangzhen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Hualing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Boren
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Andrology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. shenzj6@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhoujun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. luyingli2008@126.com.
authors.forename: Yingli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D008055:Lipids; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: Follicle stimulating hormone; Men; Postmenopausal women; Sex hormone binding globulin