title: Morning symptoms in COPD: a treatable yet often overlooked factor.
abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients experience the morning as the worst period of the day. Nevertheless, morning symptoms are not mentioned in COPD guidelines. Areas covered: Different topics on morning symptoms are covered in this review to underline their importance: occurrence, tools for assessment and therapies to limit morning symptoms. Expert commentary: Morning symptoms are common and have a negative influence on a patient's life. Pharmacotherapy seems to be effective in decreasing morning symptoms. A validated tool to assess morning symptoms is lacking. Therefore, more research should focus on assessing morning symptoms with a validated tool to further prove the effect of (pharmaco-) therapy. This will hopefully result in inclusion of morning symptoms in future guidelines.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pulmonology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Amanda R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: van Buul
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pulmonology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marise J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kasteleyn
authors.affiliation: b Department of Public Health and Primary Care , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Niels H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Chavannes
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pulmonology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taube
mesh_terms: D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: COPD; impact; morning symptoms; pharmacotherapy; questionnaires; review; symptoms; tools