title: Bioenergetic Changes during Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells along the Hepatic Lineage.
abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been demonstrated to result in premature aging due to its effects on stem cells. Nevertheless, a full understanding of the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics through differentiation is still lacking. Here we show the bioenergetics profile of human stem cells of embryonic origin differentiating along the hepatic lineage. Our study reveals especially the transition between hepatic specification and hepatic maturation as dependent on mitochondrial respiration and demonstrates that even though differentiating cells are primarily dependent on glycolysis until induction of hepatocyte maturation, oxidative phosphorylation is essential at all stages of differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Branden M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hopkinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0125-004X
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Desler
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Hagedorn Research Institute, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalisz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter Siig
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Vestentoft
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Juel Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hanne Cathrine
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bisgaard
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D000066449:Human Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction