title: Preliminary study of a teaching model for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blockade and effects on the learning curve in veterinary anesthesia residents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of an experimental colloid model for teaching veterinary anesthesia residents ultrasound-guided technique for nerve blockade.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, blinded and randomized.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colloid models were constructed for practice in ultrasound-guided needle location. Nine veterinary anesthesia residents with no prior experience of ultrasound-guided technique for nerve blocks were randomly divided into three groups. Each group received theoretical orientation. Two groups were assigned to practical training using the experimental model: group 1 (G1) received 2 hours of training and group 2 (G2) received 1 hour of training prior to testing with specific tasks. Group 3 (G3) received no practical training. During testing, the time required for task completion (e.g., display of structures and positioning a needle) and the number of failures were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average times to completion of the tasks and the number of technical failures were: G1, 47 seconds and 1 failure; G2, 68 seconds and 2 failures; G3, 187 seconds and 7 failures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In residents with no prior experience of ultrasound-guided needle placement, using an experimental colloid model and a longer training period was associated with increased accuracy and decreased time to task completion. Based on the results of this study, training with an experimental model can be recommended to improve the speed and accuracy of needle manipulation using ultrasound in clinicians with no prior experience of ultrasound-guided technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil; Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: luciano_cacciari@usp.br.
authors.forename: Luciano C B A
authors.initials: LCBA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Sellera
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ronaldo G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Gargano
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Rossetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giancarlo B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiano T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Miyahira
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Futema
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia R G
authors.initials: SRG
authors.lastname: Cortopassi
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education*; D000818:Animals; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004520:Education, Veterinary; D007396:Internship and Residency; D059032:Learning Curve; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: anesthesia; regional; teaching model; ultrasound