title: Influence of oral contraceptives on lipid profile and paraoxonase and commonly hepatic enzymes activities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to verify the influence of oral contraceptives (OCs) on lipid profile and the arylesterase, lactonase and phosphotriesterase activities of paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Also commonly hepatic enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltranspherase (GGT) were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lipid profile and hepatic enzymes were determined using commercial available reagents. Paraoxonase activities were estimated using earlier published procedures. Blood samples were collected from 120 women of similar age (22.6±1.0 years) with similar BMI (20.71±2.20 kg/m2). Participations were divided into two groups: 74 females do not take (group A) and 46 women taking OCs (group B).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher triglycerides and lower low-density lipoproteins levels were observed in group B than in group A) (56.9±19.7 mg/dL. Castelli risk index I was significantly higher in group B when compared to group A (P<.0001), whereas we did not observe any statistically significant differences in Castelli risk index II value between studied groups. In group B, increase in ALT, AST and GGT activities were found, while the de Ritis ratio was lower in group B than in group A. In group B, lower phosphotriesterase activity and higher arylesterase and lactonase activities were found when compared to group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher ALT, AST and GGT activities in serum as well as changes in lipid profile and PON activities can indicate that OCs usage can cause disorder in these parameters in the serum of women taking OCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kowalska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ściskalska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4693-6878
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bizoń
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Śliwińska-Mossoń
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Milnerowicz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D008055:Lipids; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase
keywords: hepatic enzymes; lipid profile; oral contraceptives; paraoxonase