title: Aberrant expression of deubiquitylating enzyme USP9X predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9, X-linked (USP9X), a member of deubiquitylating enzymes family, has recently been reported to be associated with a variety of cancer progression. While it functions as either oncogene or tumor suppressor in a context-dependent manner, the expression and role of USP9X in gastric cancer is largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight cases of patients with gastric cancer were enrolled in this study. The expression of USP9X and MCL1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. USP9X expression was further analyzed by Western blot. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between USP9X and MCL1 expression, as well as USP9X expression and clinicopathologic parameters of gastric cancer. Finally, the significance of USP9X expression in gastric cancer was analyzed by both Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  USP9X expression significantly increased in gastric cancer tissues compared to matched normal tissues. Moreover, expression of USP9X was positive correlated with MCL1 expression (P=0.006) and significant associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.016), distant metastasis (P=0.001) and tumor staging (P=0.013) in gastric cancer. Importantly, the increasing expression of USP9X in gastric cancer reduces overall survival rate and was an independent factor predicts poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, deubiquitylating enzyme USP9X was overexpressed in gastric cancer, suggesting a potential implication as an oncogene, and was significantly associated with a poorer survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xiewei8997@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Linkang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yongqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, 400013 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C579095:MCL1 protein, human; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; C506234:USP9X protein, human; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase