title: Trace elements and rare earth elements in wet deposition of Lijiang, Mt. Yulong region, southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.
abstract: In order to investigate the compositions and wet deposition fluxes of trace elements and rare earth elements (REEs) in the precipitation of the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, 38 precipitation samples were collected from March to August in 2012 in an urban site of Lijiang city in the Mt. Yulong region. The concentrations of most trace elements and REEs were higher during the non-monsoon season than during the monsoon season, indicating that the lower concentrations of trace elements and REEs observed during monsoon had been influenced by the dilution effect of increased precipitation. The concentrations of trace elements in the precipitation of Lijiang city were slightly higher than those observed in remote sites of the Tibetan Plateau but much lower than those observed in the metropolises of China, indicating that the atmospheric environment of Lijiang city was less influenced by anthropogenic emissions, and, as a consequence, the air quality was still relatively good. However, the results of enrichment factor and principal component analysis revealed that some anthropogenic activities (e.g., the increasing traffic emissions from the rapid development of tourism) were most likely important contributors to trace elements, while the regional/local crustal sources rather than anthropogenic activities were the predominant contributors to the REEs in the wet deposition of Lijiang city. Our study was relevant not only for assessing the current status of the atmospheric environment in the Mt. Yulong region, but also for specific management actions to be implemented for the control of atmospheric inputs and the health of the environment for the future.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Mikkeli 50130, Finland; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: guojm@itpcas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Junming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering of Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. Electronic address: shichang.kang@lzb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Shichang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Mikkeli 50130, Finland.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Mikkeli 50130, Finland.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sillanpää
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering of Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Hewen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering of Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Yuanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering of Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Shijing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering of Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China; Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Mikkeli 50130, Finland.
authors.forename: Lekhendra
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tripathee
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008674:Metals, Rare Earth / Q000032:analysis*; D012914:Snow / Q000737:chemistry*; D018609:Tibet; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D008674:Metals, Rare Earth; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Lijiang city; Rare earth elements; Seasonal variation; Tibetan Plateau; Trace elements; Wet deposition