title: Biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg3 by endophytic bacterium Burkholderia sp. GE 17-7 isolated from Panax ginseng.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To isolate a novel endophytic bacterium from Panax ginseng that could have excellent properties in converting ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on a 16S rDNA gene sequence, the strain named GE 17-7 was identified as Burkholderia sp. This strain has shown the highest activity in converting ginsenoside Rb1 to 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3. During the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1, the final metabolite was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and the transformation pathway of ginsenoside Rb1 was also identified by thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography analysis in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have successfully isolated a β-glucosidase-producing endophytic bacterium GE 17-7 from P. ginseng. Ginsenoside Rg3 was produced by strain GE 17-7 from ginsenoside Rb1 via ginsenoside Rd.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of the conversion of major ginsenoside Rb1 into minor ginsenoside Rg3 by fermentation with Burkholderia sp. endophytic bacteria in P. ginseng. These results suggest a new preparation method for ginsenoside Rg3 using strain GE 17-7 in the pharmaceutical industry.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.
authors.forename: Z-H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.
authors.forename: C-Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D001711:Biotransformation; D019117:Burkholderia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005285:Fermentation; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D005894:Panax / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; C097367:ginsenoside Rg3; C442759:ginsenoside Rb1
keywords: 
  Panax ginseng
  ; biotransformation; endophytic bacteria; ginsenoside Rb1; ginsenoside Rg3