title: Resection and reconstruction following recurrent malignant phyllodes-Case report and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phyllodes tumors are uncommon biphasic fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast of varying malignant potential occurring in middle aged women. They exhibit diverse biological behavior. Margin free excision is the mainstay of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 27 year-old lady was referred with a painless ulceroproliferative right breast lesion which had rapidly progressed over six months. Three years back, she had been diagnosed with a borderline phyllodes tumor and underwent a wide local excision followed by a right mastectomy for recurrence. The resection margins were positive hence she underwent postoperative radiation. We performed a radical resection of the chest wall and reconstruction using a composite mesh (inner PTFE and outer vypro), pedicled latissimus dorsi flap and a split skin graft for the recurrent malignant tumor. She recovered uneventfully thereafter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Malignant phyllodes tumor is uncommon and treatment principles are from case reports and retrospective studies. Aggressive resection of the lesion and reconstruction of the chest wall with bone cement and two meshes-a composite mesh (inner layer -polytetrafluroethylene and outer layer of polypropylene) and a Vypro mesh is a possibility. This case highlights the challenges encountered in managing these patients and presents a radical solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of phyllodes tumor necessitates adequate excision of the tumor and adjacent tissues to ensure tumor free margins. Pathological evolution from intermediate to malignant histology may be exhibited. A full-thickness chest wall resection and reconstruction although radical is a feasible option as these tumors rarely respond to other modalities of cancer management.
authors.affiliation: Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, No. 3 EVR Periyar Salai, Chennai, 600003, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Aashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajesh
authors.affiliation: Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, No. 3 EVR Periyar Salai, Chennai, 600003, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farooq
keywords: Case report; Chest wall resection; Composite mesh; Latissimus dorsi flap; Malignant phyllodes; Recurrent phyllodes