title: Penetration of Filled and Unfilled Resin Sealants on Different Enamel Substrates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the penetration ratio of filled and unfilled resin-based sealants on different enamel substrates and pit and fissure morphologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight occlusal enamel blocks obtained from impacted human third molars were randomly divided (n equals eight) according to enamel substrates (sound; caries-like lesion; caries-like lesion plus topical fluoride application) and sealant material (FluroShield; Helioseal Clear Chroma). Sealants were applied on the enamel surface. The specimens were stored in 100 percent humidity for 24 hours at 37 degrees Celsius, sectioned in a buccal-lingual direction (at approximately 50 μm), and examined to determine the sealant penetration ratio (b x 100/a; a equals total fissure length and b equals sealant penetration length) and pit and fissure morphology (V-, U-, or Y-shaped). Statistical analysis was performed using Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests (P<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enamel substrate and sealant material did not affect the sealant penetration ratio, with no interactions between these factors. Moreover, the morphology significantly affected the sealant penetration, with the "Y"-shaped fissures presenting the lowest sealant penetration ratio compared to "U-"shaped (P=0.0001) and "V-" shaped fissures (P=0.0018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pit and fissure morphology was a critical factor on sealant's penetration capacity; however, enamel substrate and sealant type did not affect sealant's penetration ratio.
authors.affiliation: Department Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kamila Rosamilia
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kantovitz
authors.affiliation: Department Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kelly Maria Silva
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Department Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Miori
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Pascon
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Humberto
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Nociti
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cinthia P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Machado Tabchoury
authors.affiliation: Department Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. rmpuppin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Regina Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Puppin-Rontani
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D008964:Molar, Third; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; C059908:Helioseal