title: Extraction of rapamycin (sirolimus) from Streptomyces rapamycinicus using ultrasound.
abstract: The study was designed to investigate the use of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of rapamycin (sirolimus) from bacterial strain of Streptomyces rapamycinicus NRRL 5491. To achieve the maximum extraction yield, various parameters were optimized which include S. rapamycinicus (10 g) of biomass in toluene (50 mL), temperature (20°C), acoustic intensity (35.67 W/cm2), and duty cycle (40%) for 4 min extraction time with probe tip length of 0.5 cm dipped into extraction solvent from the surface. The maximum extraction yield 60.15 ± 0.01 mg/L was attained under the mentioned optimum parameters. The use of ultrasound for the extraction of rapamycin shows about twofold increase in the yield as compared to the conventional solid-liquid extraction (29.7 ± 0.2 mg/L). The study provides the effective UAE technique to produce potential value-added products.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Institute of Chemical Technology , Matunga , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Amol S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: More
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Institute of Chemical Technology , Matunga , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Sagar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gadalkar
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Institute of Chemical Technology , Matunga , Mumbai , India.
authors.forename: Virendra K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Rathod
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013010:Sonication / Q000379:methods*; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: Optimization; Streptomyces rapamycinicus; rapamycin; ultrasound-assisted extraction