title: Differences in the Importance of Mast Cells, Basophils, IgE, and IgG versus That of CD4+T Cells and ILC2 Cells in Primary and Secondary Immunity to Strongyloides venezuelensis.
abstract: There is evidence that mast cells, basophils, and IgE can contribute to immune responses to parasites; however, the relative levels of importance of these effector elements in parasite immunity are not fully understood. Previous work inIl3-deficient and c-kitmutantKitW/W-vmice indicated that interleukin-3 and c-Kit contribute to expulsion of the intestinal nematodeStrongyloides venezuelensisduring primary infection. Our findings in mast cell-deficientKitW-sh/W-shmice and two types of mast cell-deficient mice that have normal c-kit("HelloKitty" and MasTRECK mice) confirmed prior work inKitW/W-vmice that suggested that mast cells play an important role inS. venezuelensisegg clearance in primary infections. We also assessed a possible contribution of basophils in immune responses toS. venezuelensisBy immunohistochemistry, we found that numbers of basophils and mast cells were markedly increased in the jejunal mucosa during primary infections withS. venezuelensisStudies in basophil-deficientMcpt8DTRmice revealed a small but significant contribution of basophils toS. venezuelensisegg clearance in primary infections. Studies in mice deficient in various components of immune responses showed that CD4+T cells and ILC2 cells, IgG, FcRγ, and, to a lesser extent, IgE and FcεRI contribute to effective immunity in primaryS. venezuelensisinfections. These findings support the conclusion that the hierarchy of importance of immune effector mechanisms in primaryS. venezuelensisinfection is as follows: CD4+T cells/ILC2 cells, IgG, and FcRγ>mast cells>IgE and FcεRI>basophils. In contrast, in secondaryS. venezuelensisinfection, our evidence indicates that the presence of CD4+T cells is of critical importance but mast cells, antibodies, and basophils have few or no nonredundant roles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.|Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.affiliation: Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karasuyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.|Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kabashima
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.|Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA sgalli@stanford.edu.|Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Galli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013321:Strongyloides / Q000276:immunology*; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: Immunoglobulin E; basophils; mast cells; parasites