title: Practical, economical, and eco-friendly starch-supported palladium catalyst for Suzuki coupling reactions.
abstract: In catalytic systems, the support materials need to be both eco friendly and low cost as well as having high thermal and chemical stability. In this paper, a novel starch supported palladium catalyst, which had these outstanding properties, was designed and its catalytic activity was evaluated in a Suzuki coupling reaction under microwave heating with solvent-free and mild reaction conditions. The starch supported catalyst gave remarkable reaction yields after only 5min as a result of the coupling reaction of the phenyl boronic acid with 23 different substrates, which are bearing aril bromide, iodide, and chloride. The longevity of the catalyst was also investigated, and the catalyst could be reused for 10 runs. The starch supported Pd(II) catalyst yielded remarkable TON (up to 25,000) and TOF (up to 312,500) values by using a simple, fast and eco-friendly method. In addition, the catalytic performance of the catalyst was tested against different commercial palladium catalysts, and the green starch supported catalyst had excellent selectivity. The catalytic tests showed that the novel starch based palladium catalyst proved to be an economical and practical catalyst for the synthesis of biaryl compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Aksaray University, Aksaray, 68100 Aksaray, Turkey. Electronic address: talatbaran_66@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baran
keywords: Biaryl; Heterogeneous catalyst; Polysaccharide; Solvent-free