title: Myoelectric intuitive control and transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the forearm for vibrotactile sensation feedback applied to a 3D printed prosthetic hand.
abstract: This paper presents the development of a myoelectric prosthetic hand based on a 3D printed model. A myoelectric control strategy based on artificial neural networks is implemented on a microcontroller for online position estimation. Position estimation performance achieves a correlation index of 0.78. Also a study involving transcutaneous electrical stimulation was performed to provide tactile feedback. A series of stimulations with controlled parameters were tested on five able-body subjects. A single channel stimulator was used, positioning the electrodes 8 cm on the wrist over the ulnar and median nerve. Controlling stimulation parameters such as intensity, frequency and pulse width, the subjects were capable of distinguishing different sensations over the palm of the hand. Three main sensations where achieved: tickling, pressure and pain. Tickling and pressure were discretized into low, moderate and high according to the magnitude of the feeling. The parameters at which each sensation was obtained are further discussed in this paper.
authors.forename: Enrique I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Germany
authors.forename: Esteban J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Pino
authors.forename: Pablo E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Aqueveque
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001186:Artificial Limbs; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology*; D005385:Fingers / Q000503:physiopathology; D005542:Forearm / Q000502:physiology*; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D013997:Time Factors; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult