title: Equinus and Lengthening Techniques.
abstract: Equinus is linked to most lower extremity biomechanically related disorders. Defining equinus as ankle joint dorsiflexion less than 5° of dorsiflexion with the knee extended is the basis for evaluation and management of the deformity. Consistent evaluation methodology using a goniometer with the subtalar joint in neutral position and midtarsal joint supinated while dorsiflexing the ankle with knee extended provides a consistent clinical examination. For equinus deformity with an associated disorder, comprehensive treatment mandates treatment of the equinus deformity. Surgical treatment of equinus offers multiple procedures but the Baumann gastrocnemius recession is preferred based on deformity correction without weakness.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Indiana University Health North Hospital, Carmel, IN, USA; Surgery Department, Johnson Memorial Hospital, Franklin, IN, USA; Department of Podiatric Medicine and Radiology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: padeheer@sbcglobal.net.
authors.forename: Patrick A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: DeHeer
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D004863:Equinus Deformity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D058971:Tenotomy / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Achilles; Baumann; Bracing; Equinus; Gastrocsoleal complex; Strayer; Stretching; Tendo-Achilles lengthening