title: Heparin binding chitosan derivatives for production of pro-angiogenic hydrogels for promoting tissue healing.
abstract: Our aim was to develop a biocompatible hydrogel that could be soaked in heparin and placed on wound beds to improve the vasculature of poorly vascularized wound beds. In the current study, a methodology was developed for the synthesis of a new chitosan derivative (CSD-1). Hydrogels were synthesized by blending CSD-1 for either 4 or 24h with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The porous nature of the hydrogels was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that these hydrogels have good thermal stability which was slightly increased as the blending time was increased. Hydrogels produced with 24h of blending supported cell attachment more and could be loaded with heparin to induce new blood vessel formation in a chick chorionic allantoic membrane assay.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan. Electronic address: drmyar@ciitlahore.edu.pk.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yar
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sohail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahzad
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Lubna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shahzadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sohail Anjum
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shahzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Allied Health Sciences and Chemical Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nasir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aqif Anwar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; Materials Science and Engineering, North Campus, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK.
authors.forename: Ihtesham Ur
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Engineering, North Campus, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK. Electronic address: s.macneil@sheffield.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacNeil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D006493:Heparin; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Angiogenesis; Chitosan; Heparin; Hydrogels; Poly vinyl alcohol