title: Effects of Resistance Training and Protein Supplementation in Breast Cancer Survivors.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate 12 wk of resistance training (RT; n = 16) and protein supplementation (RT + protein; n = 17) on muscular strength, body composition, and blood biomarkers of muscle (insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1]), fat (adiponectin), and inflammation (human C-reactive protein [CRP]) in breast cancer survivors (BCS).
  
  
  
  Thirty-three BCS (59 ± 8 yr) were measured pre- and posttraining for one-repetition maximum (1-RM) muscular strength (chest press and leg extension), body composition (lean mass [LM] and fat mass [FM]) via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and serum concentrations of IGF-1, adiponectin, and CRP. RT consisted of 2 d·wk using 10 exercises for two sets of 10-12 repetitions and a third set to failure at ~65%-85% of 1-RM. RT + protein consumed 20 g of protein twice a day. ANOVA was used for analyses. Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.
  
  
  
  Average RT intensity was 65%-81% of 1-RM and was not different between RT and RT + protein. There were no group-time interactions for strength, LM, FM, and biomarkers. Both groups significantly increased upper (+31 ± 18 kg) and lower (+19 ± 12 kg) body strength, LM (+0.9 ± 1.0 kg) and decreased FM (-0.5 ± 1.2 kg), and percent body fat (-1.0% ± 1.2%). Serum levels of IGF-1 significantly increased from baseline to 12 wk in both RT (102 ± 34 to 115 ± 33 ng·mL) and RT + protein (110 ± 40 to 119 ± 37 ng·mL); adiponectin and CRP did not change.
  
  
  
  Twelve weeks of RT at 65%-81% of 1-RM, 2 d·wk in BCS, was well tolerated and significantly improved strength, body composition, and IGF-1. Supplemental protein (40 g·d) did not induce a change in any variable. However, on the basis of food logs, reductions in total calories and dietary protein intake from whole foods resulted in only a net protein increase of 17 g·d for RT + protein, which may have influenced the results.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Exercise Science, Elon University, Elon, NC; 2Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL; 3Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL; 4Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, SOUTH AFRICA; and 5Institute of Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
authors.forename: Takudzwa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Madzima
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ormsbee
authors.forename: Erica A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Schleicher
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Moffatt
authors.forename: Lynn B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Panton
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000073116:Cancer Survivors; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D055070:Resistance Training
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D002097:C-Reactive Protein