title: Pyocystis: a systematic review.
abstract: Pyocystis, empyema cystis, vesical empyema are all terms that describe the purulent filled bladder that may develop in patients with defunctionalized bladders such as after supravesical urinary diversion without cystectomy or in patients with end-stage renal disease with anuria. It is a severe form of lower urinary tract infection. In addition to the local symptoms of suprapubic pain and malodorous discharge, the condition can be more serious with bacterial dissemination into the blood stream and ensuing sepsis and even mortality. The current review will discuss the pathogenesis, risk factors and management of this commonly forgotten complication of urinary diversion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA. mkamel@uams.edu.
authors.forename: Mohamed H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kamel
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Ramsey
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tourchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tart
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Raheem
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Houston
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine and The Michael E. Debakey VA Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bissada
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001002:Anuria / Q000150:complications; D015653:Cystectomy; D004653:Empyema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Bladder; Complications; Empyema; Pyocystis; Renal failure; Urine diversion