title: The effect of two grading systems on the performance of medical students during oral examinations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Either a pass/fail approach or a seven-point grading scale are used to evaluate students at the Danish universities. The aim of this study was to explore any effect of the assessment methods on student performances during oral exams.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study including 1,037 examinations in three medical subjects, we investigated the difference in the test scores between the spring- and autumn semester. In the spring semester, the students could either pass or fail the subject (pass/fail) while in the following autumn semester, the students were assessed by tiered grading (seven-point grading scale). Unknown to the students, the examiners assessed the students by the seven-point grading scale also in the spring semester. Students at the international classes who were officially assessed by the seven-point grading scale during both semesters served as control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The grading scores were significantly higher among students who were aware of being evaluated with the seven-point grading scores compared with the pass/fail group (p < 0.0001). In comparison, no significant difference between the exam results was observed from the spring- to the autumn semester for the control group (p = 0.45). Moreover, the average mark was higher among the international students (mean = 10.3, on the seven-point grading scale) than in the Danish speaking classes (mean = 9.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The seven-point grading scale seems to motivate students to yield a better performance; hence tiered-grading should probably be preferred to a simple pass/fail approach.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  none.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  not relevant.
authors.affiliation: shakoor@shakoor.dk.
authors.forename: Shakoor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ba-Ali
authors.forename: Gregor B E
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Jemec
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.forename: Preben
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Homøe
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lund-Andersen
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003718:Denmark; D003880:Dermatology / Q000193:education; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000193:education; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000193:education; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*