title: Microfluidics: innovative approaches for rapid diagnosis of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
abstract: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a major global health concern. Rapid and accurate diagnostic strategies to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile prior to antibiotic prescription and treatment are critical to control drug resistance. The standard diagnostic procedures for the detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which rely mostly on phenotypic characterization, are time consuming, insensitive and often require skilled personnel, making them unsuitable for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis. Various molecular techniques have therefore been implemented to help speed up the process and increase sensitivity. Over the past decade, microfluidic technology has gained great momentum in medical diagnosis as a series of fluid handling steps in a laboratory can be simplified and miniaturized on to a small platform, allowing marked reduction of sample amount, high portability and tremendous possibility for integration with other detection technologies. These advantages render the microfluidic system a great candidate to be developed into an easy-to-use sample-to-answer POC diagnosis suitable for application in remote clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the current development of microfluidic technologies for the nucleic acid based and phenotypic-based detections of antibiotic resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Amornrat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aroonnual
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Tavan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Janvilisri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Puey
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ounjai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand surang.cha@mahidol.ac.th.
authors.forename: Surang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chankhamhaengdecha
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D062069:Inventions; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000379:methods*; D010641:Phenotype
keywords: antibiotic resistant bacteria; antibiotic susceptibility; microfluidic