title: The prevention of musculoskeletal complaints: a randomized controlled trial on additional effects of a work-related psychosocial coaching intervention compared to physiotherapy alone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Research shows that psychosocial factors play a significant role on the emergence of musculoskeletal complaints (MSC). The aim of this study was to determine whether a coaching intervention which was focussed on enabling better strategies for coping with work stressors is superior to physiotherapy alone in the reduction of MSC.
  
  
  METHODS
  68 nurses were randomized to an intervention group (IG, n = 34) or a control group (CG, n = 34). The IG and CG completed a weekly individual physiotherapy unit (10 weeks). Additionally, the IG passed five coaching sessions (fortnightly), plus one opening and one closing session. The primary outcome was MSC, secondary outcomes were work ability and work-related wellbeing. Outcomes were obtained by physical examinations and questionnaires. Data were analyzed by t-test, Chi-Square test, ANOVA with repeated measurements, and multilevel analyzes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In respect of MSC, the IG compared to the CG showed a significant improvement in the pain severity of everyday movements, and trends towards an improvement of movement in the vertebral column as well as a reduction of the pain severity due to maximum degree movements. No effects were observed in respect to muscle strengths, and restrictions of everyday activities. The IG exhibited a significant improvement of work ability in reference to the physical working demands, and work-related wellbeing. Analysis indicates that improvements in the IG increased further in the 12 weeks after the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the coaching, beyond physiotherapy, can support the reduction of MSC, the improvement of work ability and work-related wellbeing.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Angerer
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. andreas.mueller@uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000071252:Mentoring; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D009726:Nurses; D016272:Occupational Health; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Coaching; Musculoskeletal complaints; Nurses; Selection, optimization, and compensation; Stress prevention