title: Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire in Postoperative Patients.
abstract: The American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire and the subsequent revised version are the most frequently reported measures of the quality of pain management. However, the reliability and validity of the revised questionnaire have not been reported in Chinese patients. This study sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the revised questionnaire in postoperative patients in China. The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional psychometric study. The revised questionnaire was translated into Chinese according to international guidelines and then administered to participants. The patients' present, average, and worst pain intensity were evaluated in face-to-face interviews. The Pain Management Index was calculated according to the worst pain intensity and the classification of analgesic drugs used by the patients. The continuous items in the revised questionnaire demonstrated excellent construct validity and acceptable internal consistency reliability (0.732). Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the following subscales were acceptable: pain severity and sleep interference (0.773), activity interference (0.812), affective (0.824), and adverse effects (0.636); the exception was for the perception of pain care subscale (0.492). Patients with different anticipated pain management outcomes were differentiated as expected. Satisfaction could be predicted (31.3% of the variance) using subscales and items in the questionnaire. Although our evidence supports the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the revised questionnaire when tested with postoperative patients, further study is needed, especially on the subscale perception of pain care.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Gwen D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Sherwood
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Operation Room, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Electronic address: huapingliu@vip.126.com.
authors.forename: Huaping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014175:Translating