title: Mitochondrial genomes of the hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus and Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Syrphidae), with a phylogenetic analysis of Muscomorpha.
abstract: The hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus and Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Muscomorpha: Syrphidae) are important natural aphid predators. We obtained mitochondrial genome sequences from these two species using methods of PCR amplification and sequencing. The complete Episyrphus mitochondrial genome is 16,175 bp long while the incomplete one of Eupeodes is 15,326 bp long. All 37 typical mitochondrial genes are present in both species and arranged in ancestral positions and directions. The two mitochondrial genomes showed a biased A/T usage versus G/C. The cox1, cox2, cox3, cob and nad1 showed relatively low level of nucleotide diversity among protein-coding genes, while the trnM was the most conserved one without any nucleotide variation in stem regions within Muscomorpha. Phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of Muscomorpha were reconstructed using a complete set of mitochondrial genes. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses generated congruent topologies. Our results supported the monophyly of five species within the Syrphidae (Syrphoidea). The Platypezoidea was sister to all other species of Muscomorpha in our phylogeny. Our study demonstrated the power of the complete mitochondrial gene set for phylogenetic analysis in Muscomorpha.
authors.affiliation: Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610300, China.
authors.forename: De-Qiang
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610300, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610300, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Cheng
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
authors.forename: Yue-Jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610300, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Sheng
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004175:Diptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins