title: Using Twitter to Understand Public Perceptions Regarding the #HPV Vaccine: Opportunities for Public Health Nurses to Engage in Social Marketing.
abstract: Given the degree of public mistrust and provider hesitation regarding the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, it is important to explore how information regarding the vaccine is shared online via social media outlets. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content of messaging regarding the HPV vaccine on the social media and microblogging site Twitter, and describe the sentiment of those messages.
  
  
  
  This study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive approach. Over a 2-week period, Twitter content was searched hourly using key terms "#HPV and #Gardasil," which yielded 1,794 Twitter posts for analysis. Each post was then analyzed individually using an a priori coding strategy and directed content analysis.
  
  
  
  The majority of Twitter posts were written by lay consumers and were sharing commentary about a media source. However, when actual URLs were shared, the most common form of share was linking back to a blog post written by lay users. The vast majority of content was presented as polarizing (either as a positive or negative tweet), with 51% of the Tweets representing a positive viewpoint.
  
  
  
  Using Twitter to understand public sentiment offers a novel perspective to explore the context of health communication surrounding certain controversial issues.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, Virginia.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7035-8556
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keim-Malpass
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Emma M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, Virginia.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D064689:Nurses, Public Health; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D011639:Public Opinion; D040241:Social Marketing; D061108:Social Media
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines
keywords: 
  HPV
  ; cancer; health communication; public health nursing practice