title: The relation between rumination and temporal features of emotion intensity.
abstract: Intensity profiles of emotional experience over time have been found to differ primarily in explosiveness (i.e. whether the profile has a steep vs. a gentle start) and accumulation (i.e. whether intensity increases over time vs. goes back to baseline). However, the determinants of these temporal features remain poorly understood. In two studies, we examined whether emotion regulation strategies are predictive of the degree of explosiveness and accumulation of negative emotional episodes. Participants were asked to draw profiles reflecting changes in the intensity of emotions elicited either by negative social feedback in the lab (Study 1) or by negative events in daily life (Study 2). In addition, trait (Study 1 & 2), and state (Study 2) usage of a set of emotion regulation strategies was assessed. Multilevel analyses revealed that trait rumination (especially the brooding component) was positively associated with emotion accumulation (Study 1 & 2). State rumination was also positively associated with emotion accumulation and, to a lesser extent, with emotion explosiveness (Study 2). These results provide support for emotion regulation theories, which hypothesise that rumination is a central mechanism underlying the maintenance of negative emotions.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5303-4795
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Résibois
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Elise K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kalokerinos
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Verleysen
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2363-2356
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuppens
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
authors.forename: Iven
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Van Mechelen
authors.affiliation: b Social & Affective Neuroscience Lab , ICM, UMR 7225/UMR_S 1127, UPMC/CNRS/INSERM , Paris , France.|c AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry , Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fossati
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.|d Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience , Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verduyn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001530:Belgium; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000074222:Rumination, Cognitive / Q000502:physiology*; D000068356:Self-Control / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Emotion dynamics; emotion regulation; intensity profiles; rumination