title: Analysis of Pelagia noctiluca proteome Reveals a Red Fluorescent Protein, a Zinc Metalloproteinase and a Peroxiredoxin.
abstract: Pelagia noctiluca is the most venomous jellyfish in the Mediterranean Sea where it forms dense blooms. Although there is several published research on this species, until now none of the works has been focused on a complete protein profile of the all body constituents of this organism. Here, we have performed a detailed proteomics characterization of the major protein components expressed by P. noctiluca. With that aim, we have considered the study of jellyfish proteins involved in defense, body constituents and metabolism, and furthered explore the significance and potential application of such bioactive molecules. P. noctiluca body proteins were separated by1D SDS-PAGE and 2DE followed by characterization by nanoLC-MS/MS and MALDI-TOF/TOF techniques. Altogether, both methods revealed 68 different proteins, including a Zinc Metalloproteinase, a Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) and a Peroxiredoxin. These three proteins were identified for the first time in P. noctiluca. Zinc Metalloproteinase was previously reported in the venom of other jellyfish species. Besides the proteins described above, the other 65 proteins found in P. noctiluca body content were identified and associated with its clinical significance. Among all the proteins identified in this work we highlight: Zinc metalloproteinase, which has a ShK toxin domain and therefore should be implicated in the sting toxicity of P. noctiluca.; the RFP which are a very important family of proteins due to its possible application as molecular markers; and last but not least the discovery of a Peroxiredoxin in this organism makes it a new natural resource of antioxidant and anti-UV radiation agents.
authors.affiliation: CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.|Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frazão
authors.affiliation: CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osório
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leandro
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal.|Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Human Molecular Genetics Research Center (CIGMH), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.|Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vitor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal. aantunes@ciimar.up.pt.|Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal. aantunes@ciimar.up.pt.
authors.forename: Agostinho
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antunes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004586:Electrophoresis; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D045726:Metalloproteases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000072417:Protein Domains; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D037401:Scyphozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D015032:Zinc; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D045726:Metalloproteases; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D020543:Proteome; D015032:Zinc; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein; C095391:ShK neurotoxin
keywords: Jellyfish; Pelagia noctiluca; Proteomic; Toxin