title: Correlation of Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography with Pathological Analysis in a Xenografic Tumour Model.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential value of ultrasound (US) shear wave elastography (SWE) in assessing the relative change in elastic modulus in colorectal adenocarcinoma xenograft models in vivo and investigate any correlation with histological analysis. We sought to test whether non-invasive evaluation of tissue stiffness is indicative of pathological tumour changes and can be used to monitor therapeutic efficacy. US-SWE was performed in tumour xenografts in 15 NCr nude immunodeficient mice, which were treated with either the cytotoxic drug, Irinotecan, or saline as control. Ten tumours were imaged 48 hours post-treatment and five tumours were imaged for up to five times after treatment. All tumours were harvested for histological analysis and comparison with elasticity measurements. Elastic (Young's) modulus prior to treatment was correlated with tumour volume (r = 0.37, p = 0.008). Irinotecan administration caused significant delay in the tumour growth (p = 0.02) when compared to control, but no significant difference in elastic modulus was detected. Histological analysis revealed a significant correlation between tumour necrosis and elastic modulus (r = -0.73, p = 0.026). SWE measurement provided complimentary information to other imaging modalities and could indicate potential changes in the mechanical properties of tumours, which in turn could be related to the stages of tumour development.
authors.affiliation: CRUK and EPSRC Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK. eli.elyas@liu.se.|Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK. eli.elyas@liu.se.|Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. eli.elyas@liu.se.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Elyas
authors.affiliation: CRUK and EPSRC Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.|MRC Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Guys Hospital, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Efthymia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papaevangelou
authors.affiliation: CRUK and EPSRC Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.|Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK.|MRC Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Guys Hospital, King's College London, London, UK.|Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Erwin J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Alles
authors.affiliation: Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Janine T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Erler
authors.affiliation: The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9294-1745
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: CRUK and EPSRC Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: Simon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: CRUK and EPSRC Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.|Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bamber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002166:Camptothecin