title: The 100-meter timed test: Normative data in healthy males and comparative pilot outcome data for use in Duchenne muscular dystrophy clinical trials.
abstract: Timed walking tests are often used to measure function in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Our objective was to evaluate the 100 meter timed test (100m), a fixed distance test of maximal performance, for use in DMD. To this end, we sought to establish normative 100m performance in healthy controls, compare DMD performance to controls, and evaluate the reliability of 100m. Seventy-two boys with DMD (18 steroid-naïve, 54 on steroids) and 599 controls (4-14 years) completed the 100m as speedily as possible on a 25-meter track. Repeat testing was completed between 1 and 42 days later and again at 1 year in a subgroup of 96 control boys. Additionally 35 DMD boys were followed longitudinally (5-19 months). Descriptive statistics are presented by age and cohort. There was a significant difference in performance between groups (p < 0.01). Age and body mass index (BMI) significantly influenced 100m (p < 0.0001) in the control cohort. Test-retest reliability was excellent for both cohorts (ICC > 0.90, p < 0.001). Normative data can be used to determine percent-predicted 100m times to quantify the severity of running impairment in children with a motor deficit. Performance of 100m follows the natural history established by other outcome measures in DMD.
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Alfano
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Natalie F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Rolf
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Neurology, The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Ave - 7th floor, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Flanigan
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Neurology, The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Ave - 7th floor, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Jerry R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mendell
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Neurology, The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Ave - 7th floor, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 700 Children's Dr, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. Electronic address: Linda.Lowes@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Linda P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Lowes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D054063:Superior Sagittal Sinus; D000070857:Walk Test; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: C484258:DMD protein, human; D016189:Dystrophin
keywords: 100 meter timed test; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Function; Outcome measures; Timed walking tests