title: Pharmacokinetic Considerations for Combining Antiretroviral Therapy, Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Virus, and Addiction Treatment Medications.
abstract: There are many factors that can affect the pharmacokinetics (PK) of drugs. Pathophysiological changes from disease states can alter the mechanisms that control the PK of antiretrovirals (ARVs), direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), and addiction treatment medications. Drug-drug interaction pathways of certain ARVs and DAAs can be very complex, with agents being substrates, inhibitors, or inducers of multiple metabolic and transporter pathways. Buprenorphine and methadone may be used in HIV- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients and may also be affected by drug interactions. Current research is focused on novel PK analyses, which aim to describe the PK of agents within organs that host the infection of interest, such as within hepatocytes during treatment for HCV. Modeling techniques allow for the prediction of drug PK in specific organs and the plasma compartment. This review will provide a summary of these areas while exploring PK considerations for ARVs, DAAs, and addiction treatment medications.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Pharmacology Specialty Laboratory, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Cindy J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Bednasz
authors.affiliation: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Pharmacology Specialty Laboratory, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.|Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Venuto
authors.affiliation: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Pharmacology Specialty Laboratory, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Pharmacology Specialty Laboratory, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Gene D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Morse
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: antiretroviral; direct-acting antiviral; drug-drug; interaction; pharmacokinetic; pharmacokinetic modeling