title: Development of a Survey to Explore Factors Influencing the Adoption of Best Practices for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Offloading.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary purpose of this study was to develop 2 survey tools to explore factors influencing adoption of best practices for diabetic foot ulcer offloading treatment in primary health care settings. One survey was intended for the patients receiving care for a diabetic foot ulcer in primary health care settings and the other was intended for the health professionals providing treatment. The second purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 2 surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Development and validation of survey instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two surveys were developed using a published guide. Following review of pertinent literature and identification of variables to be measured, a bank of items was developed and pretested to determine clarity of the item and responses. Psychometric testing comprised measurement of content validity index (CVI) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Only items obtaining satisfactory CVI and ICC scores were included in the final version of the surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final version of the patient survey contained 41 items and the final version of the survey for health care professionals contained 21 items. The patient-intended survey's items demonstrate high content validity scores and satisfactory test-retest reliability scores. The overall CVI score was 0.98. Forty of the 49 items eligible for testing obtain satisfactory ICC scores. One item's test-retest reliability could not be tested but it was retained based on its high CVI. The health professional-intended survey, an overall CVI score of 0.91 but items had lower ICC scores (63%, 31 of the 49 items), did not achieve a satisfactory ICC score for inclusion in the final instrument.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This project led to development of 2 instruments designed to identify and explore factors influencing adoption of best practices for diabetic foot ulcer offloading treatment in the primary health care setting. Future research and testing is required to translate these French surveys into English and additional languages, in order to reach a broader population.
authors.affiliation: Maude Bleau Lavigne, MScN, RN, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. Isabelle Reeves, PhD, RN, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. Marie-Josée Sasseville, PhD, Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. Christine Loignon, PhD, Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Maude
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bleau Lavigne
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: Marie-Josée
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sasseville
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loignon
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D061826:Foot Orthoses / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires