title: Phototaxis and chemotaxis of brown algal swarmers.
abstract: Brown algae exhibit three patterns of sexual reproduction: isogamy, anisogamy, and oogamy. Unicellular swarmers including gametes and zoospores bear two heterogenous flagella, an anterior flagellum with mastigonemes (fine tripartite hairs) and a posterior one. In seawater, these flagellates usually receive physico-chemical signals for finding partners and good habitats. It is well known that brown algal swarmers change their swimming direction depending on blue light (phototaxis), and male gametes do so, based on the sex pheromones from female gametes (chemotaxis). In recent years, the comparative analysis of chemotaxis in isogamy, anisogamy, and oogamy has been conducted. In this paper, we focused on the phototaxis and chemotaxis of brown algal gametes comparing the current knowledge with our recent studies.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.
authors.forename: Nana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, Hokkaido, 051-0013, Japan.
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagasato
authors.affiliation: Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, Hokkaido, 051-0013, Japan. motomura@fsc.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Taizo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Motomura
mesh_terms: D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000502:physiology*; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005453:Fluorescence; D008027:Light; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010675:Pheromones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D000071444:Phototaxis / Q000502:physiology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010675:Pheromones
keywords: Brown algae; Calcium; Chemotaxis; Flagella; Gametes; Phototaxis