title: In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of 6-hydroxyrubiadin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation.
abstract: Inflammation is a defensive response against a multitude of harmful stimuli and stress conditions such as tissue injury, and is one of the most common pathological processes of human diseases. 6-Hydroxyrubiadin, an anthraquinone isolated from Rubia cordifolia L., exhibits several bioactive properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether 6-hydroxyrubiadin can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ameliorate acute lung injury (ALI) in a mouse model. In this study, we demonstrated that 6-hydroxyrubiadin suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-kappa B activation as well as the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, we also showed that 6-hydroxyrubiadin inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-primed U937 and RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, 6-hydroxyrubiadin treatment reduced the production of these cytokines in vivo and attenuated the severity of LPS-induced ALI. Thus, these results suggested that 6-hydroxyrubiadin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammation and inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R, China.
authors.forename: Yanting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R, China.
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: b College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R, China.
authors.forename: Yiliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: b College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: a Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R, China.
authors.forename: Yifei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D045470:Rubia / Q000737:chemistry*; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides
keywords: 6-hydroxyrubiadin; Inflammation; acute lung injury; inflammatory disease; lipopolysaccharide