title: Angiogenic activity in vivo of the particulate matter (PM10).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Particulate matter (PM) is the most efficient vehicle for the inhalation and absorption of toxic substances into the body.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that PM10 samples collected on quartz filters exert an angiogenic activity in vivo in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When the low, medium, and high PM10 concentrations filters were tested in the CAM assay, an increasing number of microvessels was detectable after 4 days of applications of the filters. Moreover, at histological level, numerous microvessels and a dense inflammatory infiltrate were recognizable in the CAM mesenchyme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show a clear dose-response relationship between the dose variable (PM10 and Bap) and the outcome variable. So far, the PM10 target value is determined on the basis of regulatory agreements and is not health-based. In addition, the mere gravimetric measure of PM10 cannot be considered a fully reliable surrogate of the overall toxicity of the mixture.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Protection Agency - Apulia, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: s.catino@arpa.puglia.it.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Catino
authors.affiliation: Environmental Protection Agency - Apulia, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: m.tutino@arpa.puglia.it.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tutino
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: simona.ruggieri@alice.it.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruggieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: christian.marinaccio@alice.it.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marinaccio
authors.affiliation: Environmental Protection Agency - Apulia, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: r.giua@arpa.puglia.it.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giua
authors.affiliation: Environmental Protection Agency - Apulia, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: gianluigi.degennaro@uniba.it.
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Gennaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: patrizia.corsi@uniba.it.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corsi
authors.affiliation: Environmental Protection Agency - Apulia, Bari, Italy. Electronic address: assennatogiorgio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Assennato
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy; National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy. Electronic address: domenico.ribatti@uniba.it.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ribatti
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000737:chemistry; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D055806:Microvessels / Q000502:physiology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D002273:Carcinogens; D008670:Metals; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: Angiogenesis; Chorioallantoic membrane; PM; Toxicity