title: Realistic kinetic loading of the jaw system during single chewing cycles: a finite element study.
abstract: Although knowledge of short-range kinetic interactions between antagonistic teeth during mastication is of essential importance for ensuring interference-free fixed dental reconstructions, little information is available. In this study, the forces on and displacements of the teeth during kinetic molar biting simulating the power stroke of a chewing cycle were investigated by use of a finite-element model that included all the essential components of the human masticatory system, including an elastic food bolus. We hypothesised that the model can approximate the loading characteristics of the dentition found in previous experimental studies. The simulation was a transient analysis, that is, it considered the dynamic behaviour of the jaw. In particular, the reaction forces on the teeth and joints arose from contact, rather than nodal forces or constraints. To compute displacements of the teeth, the periodontal ligament (PDL) was modelled by use of an Ogden material model calibrated on the basis of results obtained in previous experiments. During the initial holding phase of the power stroke, bite forces were aligned with the roots of the molars until substantial deformation of the bolus occurred. The forces tilted the molars in the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal directions, but as the intrusive force increased the teeth returned to their initial configuration. The Ogden material model used for the PDL enabled accurate prediction of the displacements observed in experimental tests. In conclusion, the comprehensive kinetic finite element model reproduced the kinematic and loading characteristics of previous experimental investigations.
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biomechanics, Institute for Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: S E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-9441
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Martinez Choy
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biomechanics, Institute for Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biomechanics, Institute for Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schweizerhof
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmitter
authors.affiliation: Research Group Biomechanics, Institute for Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schindler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000344:Afferent Pathways; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001732:Bite Force; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003817:Dentition; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D019558:Occlusal Adjustment; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology
keywords: chewing cycle; finite element method; kinetic simulation; masticatory muscles; masticatory system; periodontal ligament