title: The Multifaceted Roles of B Cells in Solid Tumors: Emerging Treatment Opportunities.
abstract: The influence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes on tumor growth and response to therapy is becoming increasingly apparent. While much work has focused on the role of T cell responses in anti-tumor immunity, the role of B cells in solid tumors is much less understood. Tumor infiltrating B cells have been found in a variety of solid tumors, including breast, ovarian, prostate, melanoma, and colorectal cancer. The function of B cells in solid tumors is controversial, with many studies reporting a pro-tumor effect, while other studies demonstrate a role for B cells in the anti-tumor immune response. In this review, we discuss the prognostic ability of B cells in solid tumors as well as the mechanisms by which B cells can either promote or suppress anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, we review current therapeutic strategies that may target both pro- and anti-tumor B cells.
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., 4701 Ogletown Stanton Rd Suite 4300, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.|Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.affiliation: Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Rajasekharan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Somasundaram
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., 4701 Ogletown Stanton Rd Suite 4300, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.|Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., 4701 Ogletown Stanton Rd Suite 4300, Newark, DE, 19713, USA. jsimsmourtada@christianacare.org.|Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. jsimsmourtada@christianacare.org.|Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. jsimsmourtada@christianacare.org.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sims-Mourtada
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment