title: Survey of Nitrate Ion Concentrations in Vegetables Cultivated in Plant Factories: Comparison with Open-Culture Vegetables.
abstract: A survey of nitrate-ion concentrations in plant-factory-cultured leafy vegetables was conducted. 344 samples of twenty-one varieties of raw leafy vegetables were examined using HPLC. The nitrate-ion concentrations in plant-factory-cultured leafy vegetables were found to be LOD-6,800 mg/kg. Furthermore, the average concentration values varied among different leafy vegetables. The average values for plant-factory-cultured leafy vegetables were higher than those of open-cultured leafy vegetables reported in previous studies, such as the values listed in the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan- 2015 - (Seventh revised edition). For some plant-factory-cultured leafy vegetables, such as salad spinach, the average values were above the maximum permissible levels of nitrate concentration in EC No 1258/2011; however, even when these plant-factory-cultured vegetables were routinely eaten, the intake of nitrate ions in humans did not exceed the ADI.
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.forename: Mitsuhide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwakoshi
authors.forename: Ayana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: Yukino
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Segawa
authors.forename: Sonomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kukimoto
authors.forename: Humika
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasamoto
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D007477:Ions; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D009566:Nitrates