title: Evaluation of a serological test for the diagnosis of Borrelia miyamotoi disease in Europe.
abstract: Borrelia miyamotoi causes systemic febrile illness and is transmitted by the same tick species that transmits Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus. We describe a serological test using a fragment of glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GlpQ) as an antigen, and determined its performance in well-defined patient categories.
  
  
  
  Serum of patients with PCR-confirmed Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD), Lyme borreliosis (LB), tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), and healthy blood donors (HBD) were collected in Udmurt Republic, Russia. Sera of BMD and LB patients were collected at hospital admission, one week, one month and one year after admission.
  
  
  
  The levels of IgM and IgG anti-GlpQ antibodies, determined as optical density values in Luminex bead-based assays, were significantly higher in the BMD patient group than in LB patients, TBE patients or HBD group (all p<0.05).
  
  
  
  By using a strict cut-off value, it was possible to exclude B. miyamotoi infection in LB and TBE patients and to serologically confirm B. miyamotoi infection in 44% to 94% of the PCR-positive BMD patients (95% confidence interval). Thus, sensitive serological assays should not solely rely on rGlpQ, to support the diagnosis of acute BMD.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Electronic address: seta.Jahfari@rivm.nl.
authors.forename: Setareh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jahfari
authors.affiliation: Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Kommunarov 281, 426034 Izhevsk, Udmurtskaja Respublika, Russia. Electronic address: bizi1973@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Denis S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sarksyan
authors.affiliation: Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: kolyasnikova@cmd.su.
authors.forename: Nadezda M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kolyasnikova
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: J.W.Hovius@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Joppe W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hovius
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Electronic address: hein.Sprong@rivm.nl.
authors.forename: Hein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sprong
authors.affiliation: Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: platonov@pcr.ru.
authors.forename: Alexander E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Platonov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D001898:Borrelia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001899:Borrelia Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D060085:Coinfection; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D004669:Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004675:Encephalitis, Tick-Borne / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012426:Russia; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; C038133:glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase
keywords: Borrelia miyamotoi; Diagnosis; Human relapsing fever borreliosis; Tick-borne disease; Validation