title: Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbon from banana pseudo-stem using response surface methodology on removal of color and COD from landfill leachate.
abstract: This study determined the optimum conditions for preparation and adsorptive treatment of landfill leachate from banana pseudo-stem based activated carbon. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken was applied to optimize the combination effect of three important reaction variables, i.e. activation temperature (°C), activation time and impregnation ratio (IR). The reaction was performed via a single step activation with ZnCl2in a closed activation system. A series of 17 individual experiments were conducted and the results showed that the RSM based on BBD is very applicable for adsorptive removal of pollutants from landfill leachate treatment. The optimum conditions obtained by Design of Experiments (DOE) was at 761°C activation temperature, 87min activation time and 4.5g/g impregnation ratio with product yield (27%), iodine number (1101mg/g), color removal (91.2%) and COD removal (83.0%).
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. Electronic address: zaidi433@perlis.uitm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Zaidi Ab
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Ghani
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Suffian
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yusoff
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nastaein Qamaruz
authors.initials: NQ
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Faiz Muaz Ahmad
authors.initials: MFMA
authors.lastname: Zamri
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Jeyashelly
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andas
mesh_terms: D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D064091:Waste Disposal Facilities; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Activated carbon; Banana pseudo-stem; Biomass materials; Landfill leachate; Semi-closed pyrolysis system; Single-step activation