title: The effect of omeprazole treatment on the gut microflora and neutrophil function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk of Clostridium difficile infections. There are interactions between gut microbiota and innate immune cells including neutrophils. We evaluated the effect of treatment with omeprazole on the gut microflora and neutrophil function.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 50 patients, we evaluated the effect of 4-week omeprazole treatment (n=25 with 20mg per day and n=25 with 20mg twice daily) on intragastric pH, results of stool culture and lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT) and neutrophil function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment caused significant increase of the mean intragastric pH, especially in the group with 20mg omeprazole twice daily (from 2.05±0.59 to 5.06±1.6, P<0.001). In LHBT, the increase of hydrogen concentration was observed in higher percentage of patients with 20mg of omeprazole twice daily, compared to patients with the lower dose (42.1% vs 29.4%; ns). Four weeks of omeprazole treatment have caused considerable changes in stool culture results. Patients treated with higher dose of omeprazole have had some tendency to decrease diversity of colonic microflora in comparison with patients treated with the lower dose of omeprazole. Treatment with omeprazole did not result in C. difficile positive stool culture and had no significant effect on neutrophil function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Omeprazole treatment have caused considerable changes in stool culture results. Patients treated with the higher dose had some tendency to decreased diversity of colonic microflora and towards changes in fermenting bacteria of the gut. The potential effect of omeprazole on gut microflora does not depend on neutrophil function deterioration.
authors.affiliation: Department of gastroenterology and internal medicine, medical university of Bialystok, ul. Sklodowska-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland. Electronic address: maja_kost@poczta.onet.pl.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kostrzewska
authors.affiliation: Department of gastroenterology and internal medicine, medical university of Bialystok, ul. Sklodowska-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Świdnicka-Siergiejko
authors.affiliation: Department of microbiological diagnostics and infectious immunology, university hospital of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Olszańska
authors.affiliation: Department of gastroenterology and internal medicine, medical university of Bialystok, ul. Sklodowska-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jurkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of immunology, university hospital of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garley
authors.affiliation: Department of immunology, university hospital of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Wioletta
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ratajczak-Wrona
authors.affiliation: Department of immunology, university hospital of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jabłońska
authors.affiliation: Department of public health, university hospital of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jamiołkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of gastroenterology and internal medicine, medical university of Bialystok, ul. Sklodowska-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dabrowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D009853:Omeprazole