title: Prevalence and Associated Factors of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Brazilian Violin Players.
abstract: To investigate the prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) and associated factors among violinists from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study included 106 violinists from eight cities in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Sociodemographic and musical characteristic data, pain symptoms, and upper-limb functionality were collected using the DASH and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaires. The associations between musculoskeletal complaints and possible predictors were analyzed by binary logistic regression.
  
  
  
  Of the 106 surveyed violin players, 86.8% reported at least one painful area in the last 12 months and 77.4% in the last week. These symptoms were responsible for the temporary interruption of musical activity in 8.1% of musicians. More than 50% of violinists showed dysfunctional upper limbs according to the DASH optional module. Women were more likely to develop musculoskeletal disorders (OR 4.4, CI 1.9-10.0, p<0.001). In addition, older musicians were more likely to report pain in the last 7 days (OR 3.3, CI 5.1-10.97; p=0.04) and also had higher scores on the DASH (OR 1.8, CI 1.1-3.1; p=0.01). Other factors associated with the development of PRMD were body mass index, practice hours per week, and final DASH score.
  
  
  
  Violinists living and working in the state of Rio de Janeiro have a high prevalence of PRMD, especially women and older musicians.
authors.forename: Frederico B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Kochem
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Lab. of Human Movement Analysis, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta, Praças das Nações, no 34, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21041- 010, Brazil. Tel +55 21 98121-4557. jgsilva@hucff.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Julio G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009146:Music; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011187:Posture; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D034941:Upper Extremity; D055815:Young Adult