title: Fast bilateral breast coverage with high spectral and spatial resolution (HiSS) MRI at 3T.
abstract: To develop and assess a full-coverage, sensitivity encoding (SENSE)-accelerated breast high spatial and spectral resolution (HiSS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within clinically reasonable times as a potential nonenhanced MRI protocol for breast density measurement or breast cancer screening.
  
  
  
  Sixteen women with biopsy-proven cancer or suspicious lesions, and 13 women who were healthy volunteers or were screened for breast cancer, received 3T breast MRI exams, including SENSE-accelerated HiSS MRI, which was implemented as a submillimeter spatial resolution echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) sequence. In postprocessing, fat and water resonance peak height and integral images were generated from EPSI data. The postprocessing software was custom-designed, and new algorithms were developed to enable processing of whole-coverage axial HiSS datasets. Water peak height HiSS images were compared to pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted images. Fat suppression was quantified as parenchymal-to-suppressed-fat signal ratio in HiSS water peak height and nonenhanced T1-weighted images, and artifact levels were scored.
  
  
  
  Approximately a 4-fold decrease in acquisition speed, with a concurrent 2.5-fold decrease in voxel size, was achieved, with low artifact levels, and with spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 45:1. Fat suppression was 1.9 times more effective (P < 0.001) in HiSS images than in T1-weighted images (SPAIR), and HiSS images showed higher SNR in the axilla. HiSS MRI visualized 10 of 13 malignant lesions identified on dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, and did not require skin removal in postprocessing to generate maximum intensity projection images.
  
  
  
  We demonstrate full-coverage, SENSE-accelerated breast HiSS MRI within clinically reasonable times, as a potential protocol for breast density measurement or breast cancer screening.
  
  
  
  2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1341-1348.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Medved
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Deepa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Gillian M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Newstead
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Olufunmilayo I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Olopade
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Maryellen L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Giger
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Karczmar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001706:Biopsy; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000071060:Breast Density; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003287:Contrast Media; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: SENSE acceleration; breast cancer screening and diagnosis; breast density measurement; echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI); high spatial and spectral resolution (HiSS) MRI