title: The effect of bone morphogenetic protein-2 on osteosarcoma metastasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) may offer the potential to enhance allograft-host osseous union in limb-salvage surgery following osteosarcoma resection. However, there is concern regarding the effect of locally applied BMP-2 on tumor recurrence and metastasis. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effect of exogenous BMP-2 on osteosarcoma migration and invasion across a panel of tumor cell lines in vitro and to characterize the effect of BMP-2 on pulmonary osteosarcoma metastasis within a xenograft model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of BMP-2 on in vitro tumor growth and development was assessed across multiple standard and patient-derived xenograft osteosarcoma cell lines. Tumor migration capacity, invasion, and cell proliferation were characterized. In addition, the effect on metastasis was measured using a xenograft model following tail-vein injection. The effect of exogenous BMP-2 on the development of metastases was measured following both single and multiple BMP-2 administrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in migration capacity, invasion, or cell proliferation between the BMP-2 treated and the untreated osteosarcoma cell lines. There was no significant difference in pulmonary metastases between either the single-dose or multi-dose BMP-2 treated animals and the untreated control animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the model systems tested, the addition of BMP-2 does not increase osteosarcoma proliferation, migration, invasion, or metastasis to the lungs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood & Marrow Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood & Marrow Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood & Marrow Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: So Hak
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood & Marrow Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Wendong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood & Marrow Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sajida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piperdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Bang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Analytic Imaging Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Hillary
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guzik
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4610-1136
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.|Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gorlick
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood & Marrow Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, United States of America.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Geller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2