title: The effect of cycled lighting in the intensive care unit on sleep, activity and physiological parameters: A pilot study.
abstract: Patients in intensive care suffer from severe illnesses or injuries and from symptoms related to care and treatments. Environmental factors, such as lighting at night, can disturb patients' circadian rhythms. The aim was to investigate whether patients displayed circadian rhythms and whether a cycled lighting intervention would impact it. In this pilot study (N=60), a cycled lighting intervention in a two-bed patient room was conducted. An ordinary hospital room functioned as the control. Patient activity, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and body temperature were recorded. All data were collected during the patients' final 24h in the intensive care unit. There was a significant difference between day and night patient activity within but not between conditions. Heart rates differed between day and night significantly for patients in the ordinary room but not in the intervention room or between conditions. Body temperature was lowest at night for all patients with no significant difference between conditions. Patients in both conditions had a natural circadian rhythm; and the cycled lighting intervention showed no significant impact. As the sample size was small, a larger repeated measures study should be conducted to determine if other types of lighting or environmental factors can impact patients' well-being.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Caring Sciences, Work Life & Social Welfare, University of Borås, SE-50190 Borås, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University and the Institute of Health & Caring Sciences, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 1, SE 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: marie.engwall@hb.se.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engwall
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Caring Sciences, Work Life & Social Welfare, University of Borås, SE-50190 Borås, Sweden. Electronic address: isabell.fridh@hb.se.
authors.forename: Isabell
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fridh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Caring Sciences, Work Life & Social Welfare, University of Borås, SE-50190 Borås, Sweden. Electronic address: goran.jutengren@hb.se.
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jutengren
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Caring Sciences, Work Life & Social Welfare, University of Borås, SE-50190 Borås, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University and the Institute of Health & Caring Sciences, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 1, SE 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: ingegerd.bergbom@gu.se.
authors.forename: Ingegerd
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bergbom
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Caring Sciences, Work Life & Social Welfare, University of Borås, SE-50190 Borås, Sweden. Electronic address: anders.sterner@hb.se.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sterner
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Caring Sciences, Work Life & Social Welfare, University of Borås, SE-50190 Borås, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University and the Institute of Health & Caring Sciences, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 1, SE 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: berit.lindahl@hb.se.
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindahl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D008029:Lighting / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010829:Physiological Phenomena; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012890:Sleep; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Body temperature; Circadian rhythm; Critical care; Heart rate; Intensive care unit; Light; Mean arterial pressure; Motor activity; Sleep