title: Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance inaugural annual report, 2014.
abstract: The Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) network is a hospital-based active surveillance system employing prospective case ascertainment of selected uncommon vaccine preventable diseases and potential adverse events following immunisation (AEFI). PAEDS enhances other Australian surveillance systems by providing prospective detailed clinical and laboratory data for the same child.
  
  
  
  Specialist surveillance nurses screen hospital admissions, emergency department records, laboratory and other data, to prospectively identify hospitalised children aged under 15 years in 5 paediatric tertiary referral hospitals in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland. Standardised protocols and case definitions are used across all sites. Conditions under surveillance include vaccine preventable diseases: acute flaccid paralysis, varicella, pandemic and seasonal influenza and pertussis, and potential AEFIs: febrile seizures and intussusception. PAEDS also conducts surveillance for acute childhood encephalitis.
  
  
  
  Since August 2007, PAEDS has recruited a total of 6,227 hospitalised cases in total, for all conditions. From January to December 2014, there were 1,220 cases recruited across all conditions. Key outcomes include: enhanced acute flaccid paralysis surveillance to reach World Health Organization targets; supporting varicella and influenza vaccination in children; confirmation of a known low risk of febrile seizures following the 1st dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine but no increased risk of febrile seizures after measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine, and a slightly increased risk of developing intussusception 1-7 days after rotavirus vaccination in infants aged less than 3 months. Acute childhood encephalitis data facilitated rapid investigation and response to the enterovirus 71 outbreak in 2013-2014.
  
  
  
  PAEDS provides unique policy-relevant data. This is the first of planned PAEDS annual reports to Communicable Diseases Intelligence.
authors.affiliation: Deputy Director, Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Yvonne A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Zurynski
authors.affiliation: PAEDS Network Manager, Clinical Nurse Consultant, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Jocelynne E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McRae
authors.affiliation: Senior Research Fellow, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead; New South Wales.|Lecturer, Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Helen E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Fellow, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead; New South Wales.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: Deputy Director, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead; New South Wales.|Associate Professor, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales.|Staff Specialist, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales.
authors.forename: Kristine K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Macartney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D007443:Intussusception / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D009107:Mumps / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012409:Rubella / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control