title: Risk Factors for Mortality in 272 Patients With Lung Transplant: A Multicenter Analysis of 7 Intensive Care Units.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One-year survival in lung transplant is around 85%, but this figure has not increased in recent years, in spite of technical improvements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, multicenter cohort study. Data from 272 eligible adults with lung transplant were recorded at 7 intensive care units (ICU) in Spain in 2013. The objective was to identify variables that might help to guide future clinical interventions in order to reducethe risk of death in the postoperative period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient (0.3%) died in the operating room and 27 (10%) within 90 days. Twenty (7.4%) died within 28 days, after a median of 14 ICU days. Grade 3 pulmonary graft dysfunction was documented in 108 patients, of whom 21 died, compared with 6 out of 163 without pulmonary graft dysfunction (P<.001). At ICU admission, non-survivors had significantly lower (P=.03) median PaO2/FiO2 (200mmHg vs 280mmHg), and the difference increased after 24hours (178 vs 297mmHg, P<.001). Thirteen required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and 7(53.8%) died. A logistic regression model identified pulmonary graft dysfunction (OR: 6.77), donor age>60yr (OR: 2.91) and SOFA>8 (OR: 2.53) as independent predictors of 90-day mortality. At ICU admission, higher median procalcitonin (1.6 vs 0.6) and lower median PaO2/FiO2 (200 vs 280mmHg) were significantly associated with mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Graft dysfunction remains a significant problem in lung transplant. Early ICU interventions in patients with severe hypoxemia or high procalcitonin are crucial in order to lower mortality.
authors.affiliation: Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Lung Transplant Team, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain; Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: jrello@crips.es.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rello
authors.affiliation: Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Lung Transplant Team, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Surgical Department, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bello
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Vicente
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Department, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermira Anchuelo
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Dept, "Marqués de Valdecilla" University Hospital, Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Ángeles
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Ballesteros
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Department, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Reyes
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iranzo
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, Spain.
authors.forename: Luzdivina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rellán
authors.affiliation: Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Lung Transplant Team, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riera
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Department, Hospital Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Robles
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063305:Organ Dysfunction Scores; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D055031:Primary Graft Dysfunction / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002116:Calcitonin; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: COPD; Disfunción del injerto pulmonar; Donante pulmonar; EPOC; Postoperative critical care; Postoperatorio cuidados intensivos; Procalcitonin; Procalcitonina; Pulmonary graft dysfunction; Transplant donors