title: Primary Tumor Characteristics Are Important Prognostic Factors for Sorafenib-Treated Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.
abstract: We aimed to identify prognostic factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with sorafenib. We investigated 177 patients, including 116 who received sorafenib as first-line therapy, using the Cox regression model. During a median follow-up period of 19.2 months, the PFS and OS were 6.4 and 32.6 months among all patients and 7.4 months and undetermined for first-line sorafenib-treated patients, respectively. Clinical T3-4 stage (hazard ratio [HR] 2.56) and a primary tumor size >7 cm (HR 0.34) were significant prognostic factors for PFS among all patients, as were tumor size >7 cm (HR 0.12), collecting system invasion (HR 5.67), and tumor necrosis (HR 4.11) for OS (p< 0.05). In first-line sorafenib-treated patients, ≥4 metastatic lesions (HR 28.57), clinical T3-4 stage (HR 4.34), collecting system invasion (univariate analysis HR 2.11; multivariate analysis HR 0.07), lymphovascular invasion (HR 13.35), and tumor necrosis (HR 6.69) were significant prognosticators of PFS, as were bone metastasis (HR 5.49) and clinical T3-4 stages (HR 4.1) for OS (p< 0.05). Our study thus identified a number of primary tumor-related characteristics as important prognostic factors in sorafenib-treated mRCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology, Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Han
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1689-5203
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Biometric Research Branch, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sohee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Ho
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Choung-Soo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7464-3207
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ill Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Nam
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hoo
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Gyun
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwan Joong
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2352-4387
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kanghyon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology, Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jinsoo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2251-5331
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D003710:Demography; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077157:Sorafenib
chemical_list: D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib