title: Evidence of alterations in the expression of orphan receptors GPR26 and GPR39 due to the etiology of the metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome (MS) is composed of several metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Although there are treatments for the components of MS, this pathology maintains a high mortality, suggesting that there are other mechanisms in which orphan receptors such as GPR26 and GPR39 may be involved. For this reason, the aim of this work was to evaluate the expression of GPR26 and GPR39 orphan receptors in two models of MS (diet and genetics).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used male Wistar rats, which received 70% fructose in drinking water for 9 weeks, and obese Zucker rats. We measured weight, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol to determine the MS and the expression of the orphan receptors GPR26 and GPR39 in brain, heart, aorta, liver, and kidney by RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis of the expression of the orphan receptors GPR26 and GPR39 showed that the receptors are expressed in some tissues, but the expression of the GPR26 tends to decrease in the heart and aorta, whereas in the brain, no changes were observed, this receptor is not expressed in the liver and kidney of both strains. The expression of GPR39 isoforms depends on the tissue and MS model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the orphan receptors GPR26, GPR39v1, and GPR39v2 are expressed in different tissues and their profile expression is dependent on the etiology of the MS.
authors.affiliation: a Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Laboratorio de Señalización Intracelular, Sección de Posgrado , Mexico.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero-Nava
authors.affiliation: b Department of Histology and Embryology , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: De-Shan
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: c Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey , Monterrey , NL , Mexico.|d Centro de Investigación Básica y de Transferencia, Hospital Zambrano Hellio , Garza García , NL , Mexico.
authors.forename: Noemí
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: a Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Laboratorio de Señalización Intracelular, Sección de Posgrado , Mexico.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Hernández
authors.affiliation: e Department of Anatomy , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yin-Chu
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: f Departamento de Inmunología , Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez , Ciudad de México , Mexico.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: g Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología , Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG) , México , Mexico.
authors.forename: Fengyang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: h Departamento de Farmacobiología , Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados , Ciudad de México , México.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: a Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Laboratorio de Señalización Intracelular, Sección de Posgrado , Mexico.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villafaña
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C535178:GPR39 protein, rat; C408787:Gpr26 protein, rat; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014280:Triglycerides; D005947:Glucose
keywords: GPR26; GPR39V1; GPR39V2; Metabolic syndrome; orphan receptors