title: Cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of eight compounds isolated from Entada abyssinica (Fabaceae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Entada abyssinica is a plant traditionally used against gastrointestinal bacterial infections. Eight compounds including three flavonoids, three terpenoids, a monoglyceride and a phenolic compound isolated from E. abyssinica were investigated for their cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antioxidant activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compounds 7 and 2 had remarkable activity against Salmonella typhimurium with the lowest respective minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.56 and 3.12 µg/mL. The antioxidant assay gave IC50values varied from 0.48 to 2.87 μg/mL in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, from 2.53 to 17.04 μg/mL in the 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assay and from 1.43 to 103.98 µg/mL in the FRAP assay. Compounds had relatively low cytotoxicity (LC50values ranging from 22.42 to 80.55 µg/mL) towards Vero cells. Ursolic acid had the most potent cytotoxicity against THP-1 and RAW 264.7 cells with LC50values of 9.62 and 4.56 μg/mL respectively, and selectivity index values of 7.32 and 15.44 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that among the terpenoid and flavonoid compounds studied, entadanin (compound 7) possess tremendous antibacterial activity against S. typhimurium and could be developed for the treatment of bacterial diseases.
authors.affiliation: Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa. jpdzoyem@yahoo.fr.|Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. jpdzoyem@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Jean P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dzoyem
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.|Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Raduis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Melong
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Armelle T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Tsamo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Center of Medicinal Plants Studies and Traditional Medicine (CRPMT), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Alembert T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Tchinda
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Deccaux G W F
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kapche
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Bonaventure T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Ngadjui
authors.affiliation: Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa.
authors.forename: Lyndy J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: McGaw
authors.affiliation: Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa.
authors.forename: Jacobus N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Eloff
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000187:drug effects; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D007887:Fabaceae; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018547:Plant Stems; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D003603:Cytotoxins; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antibacterial; Cytotoxicity; Entada abyssinica; Free radical scavenging