title: Dynamic biochemical tissue analysis detects functional L-selectin ligands on colon cancer tissues.
abstract: A growing body of evidence suggests that L-selectin ligands presented on circulating tumor cells facilitate metastasis by binding L-selectin presented on leukocytes. Commonly used methods for detecting L-selectin ligands on tissues, e.g., immunostaining, are performed under static, no-flow conditions. However, such analysis does not assay for functional L-selectin ligands, specifically those ligands that promote adhesion under shear flow conditions. Recently our lab developed a method, termed dynamic biochemical tissue analysis (DBTA), to detect functional selectin ligands in situ by probing tissues with L-selectin-coated microspheres under hemodynamic flow conditions. In this investigation, DBTA was used to probe human colon tissues for L-selectin ligand activity. The detection of L-selectin ligands using DBTA was highly specific. Furthermore, DBTA reproducibly detected functional L-selectin ligands on diseased, e.g., cancerous or inflamed, tissues but not on noncancerous tissues. In addition, DBTA revealed a heterogeneous distribution of functional L-selectin ligands on colon cancer tissues. Most notably, detection of L-selectin ligands by immunostaining using HECA-452 antibody only partially correlated with functional L-selectin ligands detected by DBTA. In summation, the results of this study demonstrate that DBTA detects functional selectin ligands to provide a unique characterization of pathological tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.|Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Grady E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.|Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eric W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Venktesh S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Shirure
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.|Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malgor
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas-Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vicente A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Resto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.|Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.|Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.|Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Monica M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Burdick
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001671:Biochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D018279:Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005557:Formaldehyde; D006001:Glycoconjugates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008024:Ligands; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008863:Microspheres; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006001:Glycoconjugates; D008024:Ligands; D019041:L-Selectin; D005557:Formaldehyde