title: Bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in cold regions: Development of a pre-optimized biostimulation biopile-scale field assay in Antarctica.
abstract: Bioremediation proved to be an effective approach to deal with soil contamination, especially in isolated, cold environments such as Antarctica. Biostimulation, involving the addition of macronutrients -mainly nitrogen and phosphorous- is considered the simplest and cheapest bioremediation process. Optimizing the levels of these nutrients is a key step prior to the application of a biostimulation strategy. In this work, N and P levels, optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) at lab-scale, were applied to an Antarctic hydrocarbon contaminated soil. The process was performed on-site, using high density polyethylene geomembranes (800μm) to isolate treated soil from the surroundings and under environmental conditions at Carlini station (Antarctica) during 50days. Two 0.5ton biopiles were used as experimental units; a control biopile (CC), and a biostimulated system (BS), amended with N and P. At the end of the assay, hydrocarbon removal was significantly higher in BS system compared to CC (75.79% and 49.54% respectively), showing that the applied strategy was effective enough to perform a field-assay in Antarctica that significantly reduce soil contamination levels; and proving that RSM represents a fundamental tool for the optimization of nutrient levels to apply during bioremediation of fuel contaminated cold soils.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Antártico Argentino, Av. 25 de Mayo 1143, San Martín C1064AAF, Argentina; Instituto de Nanobiotecnología Conicet, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 6to piso, Caba C1113AAD, Argentina. Electronic address: lmartinez@ffyb.uba.ar.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Martínez Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Antártico Argentino, Av. 25 de Mayo 1143, San Martín C1064AAF, Argentina; Instituto de Nanobiotecnología Conicet, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 6to piso, Caba C1113AAD, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Av. Rivadavia 1917, Caba C1033AAJ, Argentina.
authors.forename: Lam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruberto
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Nanobiotecnología Conicet, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 6to piso, Caba C1113AAD, Argentina.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lo Balbo
authors.affiliation: Instituto Antártico Argentino, Av. 25 de Mayo 1143, San Martín C1064AAF, Argentina; Instituto de Nanobiotecnología Conicet, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 6to piso, Caba C1113AAD, Argentina.
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Mac Cormack
keywords: Antarctic soils; Geomembrane; Potter cove; Response-surface methodology; Soil pollution, diesel contamination