title: Influence of IL1B, IL6 and IL10 gene variants and plasma fatty acid interaction on metabolic syndrome risk in a cross-sectional population-based study.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interrelated risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease, with underlying inflammatory pathophysiology. Genetic variations and diet are well-known risk factor for MetS, but the interaction between these two factors is less explored. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of interaction between SNP of inflammatory genes (encoding interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and IL-10) and plasma fatty acids on the odds of MetS, in a population-based cross-sectional study.
  
  
  
  Among participants of the Health Survey - São Paulo, 301 adults (19-59 y) from whom a blood sample was collected were included. Individuals with and without MetS were compared according to their plasma inflammatory biomarkers, fatty acid profile, and genotype frequency of the IL1B (rs16944, rs1143623, rs1143627, rs1143634 and rs1143643), IL6 (rs1800795, rs1800796 and rs1800797) and IL10 (rs1554286, rs1800871, rs1800872, rs1800890 and rs3024490) genes SNP. The influence of gene-fatty acids interaction on MetS risk was investigated.
  
  
  
  IL6 gene SNP rs1800795 G allele was associated with higher odds for MetS (OR = 1.88; p = 0.017). Gene-fatty acid interaction was found between the IL1B gene SNP rs116944 and stearic acid (p inter = 0.043), and between rs1143634 and EPA (p inter = 0.017). For the IL10 gene SNP rs1800896, an interaction was found for arachidonic acid (p inter = 0.007) and estimated D5D activity (p inter = 0.019).
  
  
  
  The IL6 gene SNP rs1800795 G allele is associated with increased odds for MetS. Plasma fatty acid profile interacts with the IL1B and IL10 gene variants to modulate the odds for MetS. This and other interactions of risk factors can account for the unexplained heritability of MetS, and their elucidation can lead to new strategies for genome-customized prevention of MetS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maintinguer Norde
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Augusto
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ferreira Carioca
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nágila Raquel
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Teixeira Damasceno
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina Mara
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Fisberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dirce Maria
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lobo Marchioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil. Electronic address: mmrogero@usp.br.
authors.forename: Marcelo Macedo
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rogero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508585:IL1B protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Fatty-acid; Gene; Interleukin; Metabolic syndrome; Polymorphism