title: Human Development Domain of the Ontology of Craniofacial Development and Malformation.
abstract: In this paper we describe an ontological scheme for representing anatomical entities undergoing morphological transformation and changes in phenotype during prenatal development. This is a proposed component of the Anatomical Transformation Abstraction (ATA) of the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA) Ontology that was created to provide an ontological framework for capturing knowledge about human development from the zygote to postnatal life. It is designed to initially describe the structural properties of the anatomical entities that participate in human development and then enhance their description with developmental properties, such as temporal attributes and developmental processes. This approach facilitates the correlation and integration of the classical but static representation of embryology with the evolving novel concepts of developmental biology, which primarily deals with the experimental data on the mechanisms of embryogenesis and organogenesis. This is important for describing and understanding the underlying processes involved in structural malformations. In this study we focused on the development of the lips and the palate in conjunction with our work on the pathogenesis and classification of cleft lip and palate (CL/P) in the FaceBase program. Our aim here is to create the Craniofacial Human Development Ontology (CHDO) to support the Ontology of Craniofacial Development and Malformation (OCDM), which provides the infrastructure for integrating multiple and disparate craniofacial data generated by FaceBase researchers.
authors.affiliation: Structural Informatics Group, Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA.
authors.forename: Jose Lv
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mejino
authors.affiliation: Structural Informatics Group, Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA.
authors.forename: Ravensara S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Travillian
authors.affiliation: Division of Craniofacial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA; Center for Tissue and Cell Sciences, Seattle Children's Research Institute; Seattle, WA USA; Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Timothy C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: Structural Informatics Group, Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA; Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA.
authors.forename: Linda G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.affiliation: Structural Informatics Group, Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Brinkley