title: Assessing Fat Mass of Adolescent Swimmers Using Anthropometric Equations: A DXA Validation Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to determine which of the published anthropometric equations is the most appropriate to estimate body-fat percentage (BF%) in adolescent swimmers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight swimmers (45 boys, 43 girls) participated in this study. Following the recommendations of the International Society of the Advancement of Kinanthropometry, biceps, triceps, subscapular, iliac-crest, supraspinale, front-thigh, and medial calf skinfold thicknesses were measured. Waist, hip, midthigh, calf, relaxed arm, and arm flexed and tensed girths were also registered. BF%was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to obtain the reference value. Existing anthropometric equations were applied, and BF%results obtained from anthropometric equations were compared to DXA BF%results with the modified Bland-Altman.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Flavel, Durnin-Rahaman-Siri, and Durnin-Rahaman-Brozek were the only equations that did not demonstrate statistically significant differences when compared with DXA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that the best anthropometric equation from existing literature to estimate BF%in swimmers is that proposed by Durnin-Rahaman (independently of applying the Siri or Brozek equation).
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lozano-Berges
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Bruton
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Matute-Llorente
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Julián-Almárcegui
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|c Defense University Center.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Cabello
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Agüero
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Casajús
authors.affiliation: a University of Zaragoza.|b AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2).
authors.forename: Germán
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vicente-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Body composition; swimming; teenagers; water