title: Effects of tailoring ingredients in auditory persuasive health messages on fruit and vegetable intake.
abstract: Health messages can be tailored by applying different tailoring ingredients, among which personalisation, feedback and adaptation. This experiment investigated the separate effects of these tailoring ingredients on behaviour in auditory health persuasion. Furthermore, the moderating effect of self-efficacy was assessed.
  
  
  
  The between-participants design consisted of four conditions. A generic health message served as a control condition; personalisation was applied using the recipient's first name, feedback was given on the personal state, or the message was adapted to the recipient's value.
  
  
  
  The study consisted of a pre-test questionnaire (measuring fruit and vegetable intake and perceived difficulty of performing these behaviours, indicating self-efficacy), exposure to the auditory message and a follow-up questionnaire measuring fruit and vegetable intake two weeks after message exposure (n = 112).
  
  
  
  ANCOVAs showed no main effect of condition on either fruit or vegetable intake, but a moderation was found on vegetable intake: When self-efficacy was low, vegetable intake was higher after listening to the personalisation message. No significant differences between the conditions were found when self-efficacy was high.
  
  
  
  Individuals with low self-efficacy seemed to benefit from incorporating personalisation, but only regarding vegetable consumption. This finding warrants further investigation in tailoring research.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Social Psychology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sarah P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Elbert
authors.affiliation: a Department of Social Psychology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.affiliation: a Department of Social Psychology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrea D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Rozema
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D058015:Health Communication / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010565:Persuasive Communication; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013637:Tape Recording; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: auditory communication; behaviour change; fruit and vegetable intake; persuasion; self-efficacy; tailoring