title: High throughput quantitative analysis of the β-lyase sulfur mustard metabolite, 1,1'-sulfonylbis[2-(methylsulfinyl)ethane] in urine via high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: Sulfur Mustard (HD) has a 100year history of use as a chemical warfare agent and recent events in the Middle East are causing it to once again be a potential concern. We report a new high-throughput method for the determination of HD exposure by the analysis of the β-lyase metabolite 1,1'-sulfonylbis[2-(methylsulfinyl)ethane] (SBMSE) in human urine. This method features a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidative conversion of the β-lyase metabolites to SBMSE, followed by sample extraction and concentration using solid phase extraction in 96-well plate format. Subsequent high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis gave linear quantitation over a calibration range of 0.1-100ng/mL, with a method detection limit of 0.03ng/mL. Liquid chromatographic separation was achieved using a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column with an analyte retention time of 0.9min and method time of 1.5min (cycle time=2.0min). Users of this method could prepare and analyze approximately 650 samples in 24h which would be important for an emergency response.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Laboratory Division, Minnesota Department of Health, 601 Robert St. N, P.O. Box 64899, Saint Paul, MN, 55164, United States. Electronic address: martin.bevan@state.mn.us.
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bevan
authors.affiliation: Public Health Laboratory Division, Minnesota Department of Health, 601 Robert St. N, P.O. Box 64899, Saint Paul, MN, 55164, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wogen
authors.affiliation: Public Health Laboratory Division, Minnesota Department of Health, 601 Robert St. N, P.O. Box 64899, Saint Paul, MN, 55164, United States.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lunda
authors.affiliation: Public Health Laboratory Division, Minnesota Department of Health, 601 Robert St. N, P.O. Box 64899, Saint Paul, MN, 55164, United States.
authors.forename: Stefan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Saravia
mesh_terms: D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008190:Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D009151:Mustard Gas / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D013450:Sulfones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D013450:Sulfones; D013454:Sulfoxides; C073452:1,1'-sulfonylbis(2-(methylsulfinyl)ethane); D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008190:Lyases; D009151:Mustard Gas
keywords: Biomarker; Exposure; HPCL-MS/MS; High throughput; Oxidation; Sulfur mustards (HD)