title: Melanogenesis inhibitors from Coix lacryma-jobi seeds in B16-F10 melanoma cells.
abstract: An adenine derivative, 9-β-D-glucopyranosyl adenine, reported for the first time from a natural source, in addition to nine known compounds were isolated from the seeds of Coix lacryma-jobi. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic and chemical studies. The isolated compounds and the ethanol extract have been assayed for melanin inhibition using B16-F10 melanoma cell line. The results of our study suggested the potential use of Coix lacryma-jobi seeds as a skin whitening agent and reveal the seeds to be a rich source of important phytochemicals with melanogenesis inhibitory activity. Among the isolated compounds, coixol (2) and 2-O-β-glucopyranosyl-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (8) exhibited potent melanogenesis inhibitory activity with no obvious melanocytotoxicity. The rest of the compounds showed weak to moderate activity.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences , Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.|b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt.
authors.forename: Yhiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Amen
authors.affiliation: a Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences , Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.|c Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Product Technology , Mulawarman University , Samarinda , Indonesia.
authors.forename: Enos Tangke
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Arung
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Afifi
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Halim
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashour
authors.affiliation: d Shinnihonseiyaku Co., Ltd. , Fukuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: d Shinnihonseiyaku Co., Ltd. , Fukuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.affiliation: a Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences , Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D001583:Benzoxazoles / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D031742:Coix / Q000737:chemistry*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D008543:Melanins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D048588:Benzoxazines; D001583:Benzoxazoles; D008543:Melanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C031896:6-methoxybenzoxazolinone
keywords: 9-β-D-glucopyranosyl adenine; Coix lacryma-jobi; Poaceae; adlay; coixol; melanogenesis