title: Secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces pinophilus.
abstract: Endophytic fungi have a great influence on plant health and growth, and are an important source of bioactive natural compounds. Organic extracts obtained from the culture filtrate of an endophytic strain of Talaromyces pinophilus isolated from strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) were studied. Metabolomic analysis revealed the presence of three bioactive metabolites, the siderophore ferrirubin, the platelet-aggregation inhibitor herquline B and the antibiotic 3-O-methylfunicone. The latter was the major metabolite produced by this strain and displayed toxic effects against the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera Aphidiidae). This toxicity represents an additional indication that the widespread endophytic occurrence of T. pinophilus may be related to a possible role in defensive mutualism. Moreover, the toxic activity on aphids could promote further study on 3-O-methylfunicone, or its derivatives, as an alternative to synthetic chemicals in agriculture.
authors.affiliation: a Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Portici , Italy.|c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vinale
authors.affiliation: b Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria , Rome , Italy.|c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.affiliation: c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lacatena
authors.affiliation: a Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Portici , Italy.|c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.affiliation: c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.affiliation: a Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.affiliation: c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: d'Errico
authors.affiliation: c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Digilio
authors.affiliation: a Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Portici , Italy.|c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorito
authors.affiliation: a Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Portici , Italy.|c Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II' , Portici , Italy.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001042:Aphids / Q000187:drug effects*; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D029791:Ericaceae / Q000382:microbiology; D005291:Ferrichrome / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D011753:Pyrones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013559:Symbiosis; D032901:Talaromyces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C450900:3-O-methylfunicone; D000470:Alkaloids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D011753:Pyrones; C098363:herquline B; D005291:Ferrichrome; C067500:ferrirhodin
keywords: Secondary metabolites; Talaromyces pinophilus; aphids; endophytes; metabolomics