title: Supine Breast MRI Using Respiratory Triggering.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate if navigator-echo respiratory-triggered magnetic resonance acquisition can acquire supine high-quality breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  
  Supine respiratory-triggered magnetic resonance imaging (Trig-MRI) was compared to supine non-Trig-MRI to evaluate breathing-induced motion artifacts (group 1), and to conventional prone non-Trig-MRI (group 2, 16-channel breast coil), all at 3T. A 32-channel thorax coil was placed on top of a cover to prevent breast deformation. Ten volunteers were scanned in each group, including one patient. The acquisition time was recorded. Image quality was compared by visual examination and by calculation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and image sharpness (IS).
  
  
  
  Scan time increased from 56.5 seconds (non-Trig-MRI) to an average of 306 seconds with supine Trig-MRI (range: 120-540 seconds). In group 1, the median values (interquartile range) of SNR, CNR, and IS improved from 11.5 (6.0), 7.3 (3.1), and 0.23 (0.2) cm on supine non-Trig-MRI to 38.1 (29.1), 32.8 (29.7), and 0.12 (0) cm (all P < 0.01) on supine Trig-MRI. All qualitative image parameters in group 1 improved on supine Trig-MRI (all P < 0.01). In group 2, SNR and CNR improved from 14.7 (6.8) and 12.6 (5.6) on prone non-Trig-MRI to 36.2 (12.2) and 32.7 (12.1) (both P < 0.01) on supine Trig-MRI. IS was similar: 0.10 (0) cm vs 0.11 (0) cm (P = 0.88).
  
  
  
  Acquisition of high-quality supine breast MRI is possible when respiratory triggering is applied, in a similar setup as during subsequent treatment. Image quality improved when compared to supine non-triggered breast MRI and prone breast MRI, but at the cost of increased acquisition time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: n.janssen@nki.nl.
authors.forename: Natasja N Y
authors.initials: NNY
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Leon C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ter Beek
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Claudette E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gonneke
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Winter-Warnars
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Charlotte A H
authors.initials: CAH
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marjolein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Loveren
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alderliesten
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan-Jakob
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sonke
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jasper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nijkamp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D012119:Respiration; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D016683:Supine Position; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; breast; respiratory motion; supine position