title: Genetic Variation in the Renin-Angiotensin System and Diabetic Nephropathy in the Tunisian Population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of ACE, angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin II receptor type I (AGTR1) polymorphisms with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Tunisians.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 236 type 2 diabetic patients: with nephropathy (DN = 47) and without nephropathy (DM = 189). Genotyping of ACE-I/D-rs1799752, ACE-rs4343G>A, AGT-rs5050A>C, AGT-rs 4762C>T, AGT-rs699A>G, and AGTR1-rs5186A>C was performed by PCR-RFLP. Haplotype and statistical analysis were realized using SNP Analyzer2.0 and SPSS20, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. After adjustment for potential confounding factors (age, gender, diabetes duration, hypertension…), an increased risk for DN was associated with mutated alleles of rs4762 (OR = 10.25, p = 0.001), rs699 (OR = 22.21, p < 0.001), and rs5186 (OR = 11.25, p < 0.001). However, mutated alleles of rs1799752 seemed to be protector (OR = 0.41, p = 0.011). Adjusted ORs of DN associated with the ACE haplotype (DA) was (OR = 9.56, p = 0.047) and with the ACE-AGT haplotype (ATADAA) was (OR = 5.38, p = 0.032).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that common variants in ACE, AGT, and AGTR1 seem to play a role in genetic susceptibility to DN in Tunisian population and provides evidence for a disease haplotype: ATADAA.
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moussa
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Triki
authors.forename: Haithem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamdouni
authors.forename: Ons
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fekih
authors.forename: Marwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ajmi
authors.forename: Ibtihel B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: hajMbarek
authors.forename: Afifa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koubaa
authors.forename: Fadoua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Neffati
authors.forename: Asma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omezzine
authors.forename: Med-Fadhel
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Najjar
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouslama
mesh_terms: D000808:Angiotensinogen; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System
chemical_list: D000808:Angiotensinogen; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A