title: A Glycine max homolog of NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 (NDR1) alters defense gene expression while functioning during a resistance response to different root pathogens in different genetic backgrounds.
abstract: A Glycine max homolog of the Arabidopsis thaliana NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 (NDR1) coiled-coil nucleotide binding leucine rich repeat (CC-NB-LRR) defense signaling gene (Gm-NDR1-1) is expressed in root cells undergoing a defense response to the root pathogenic nematode, Heterodera glycines. Gm-NDR1-1 overexpression in the H. glycines-susceptible genotype G. max[Williams 82/PI 518671]impairs parasitism. In contrast, Gm-NDR1-1 RNA interference (RNAi) in the H. glycines-resistant genotype G. max[Peking/PI 548402]facilitates parasitism. The broad effectiveness of Gm-NDR1-1 in impairing parasitism has then been examined by engineering its heterologous expression in Gossypium hirsutum which is susceptible to the root pathogenic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. The heterologous expression of Gm-NDR1-1 in G. hirsutum effectively impairs M. incognita parasitism, reducing gall, egg mass, egg and juvenile numbers. In contrast to our prior experiments examining the effectiveness of the heterologous expression of a G. max homolog of the A. thaliana salicyclic acid signaling (SA) gene NONEXPRESSOR OF PR1 (Gm-NPR1-2), no cumulative negative effect on M. incognita parasitism has been observed in G. hirsutum expressing Gm-NDR1-1. The results indicate a common genetic basis exists for plant resistance to parasitic nematodes that involves Gm-NDR1. However, the Gm-NDR1-1 functions in ways that are measurably dissimilar to Gm-NPR1-2. Notably, Gm-NDR1-1 overexpression leads to increased relative transcript levels of its homologs of A. thaliana genes functioning in SA signaling, including NPR1-2, TGA2-1 and LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1-2) that is lost in Gm-NDR1-1 RNAi lines. Similar observations have been made regarding the expression of other defense genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States.
authors.forename: Brant T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: McNeece
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension, Texas A&M University, Weslaco, TX 78596, United States.
authors.forename: Shankar R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pant
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States.
authors.forename: Keshav
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niruala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States.
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States. Electronic address: heartwood27@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Vincent P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Klink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D060467:Disease Resistance; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D003368:Gossypium / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C109369:NDR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: 20 S particle; Glycine max; Gossypium hirsutum; NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE 1; NONEXPRESSOR OF PR1; Parasitic nematode; SNARE