title: Manipulation of Pluripotent Stem Cell Metabolism for Clinical Application.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and are promising cell sources for regenerative therapy and drug screening. However, to realize the clinical application of PSCs, a large number of highly qualified target cells must be stably prepared with low cost. To achieve this, great improvements in the reprogramming, differentiation, and elimination of residual PSCs will be necessary. In this review, we summarize the updated knowledge about metabolism in PSCs and its application.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent studies have shown that PSCs have distinct metabolic profiles compared to differentiated cells. The metabolic profiles of PSCs are indispensable for the maintenance of pluripotency, self-renewal, differentiation capacity, and cell survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic approaches show improved simplicity, scalability, and lower cost than conventional methods for differentiation and elimination of residual PSCs. Thus, manipulation of PSC metabolism will lead to new technologies to improve their efficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan.|Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan.
authors.forename: Shugo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tohyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan.
authors.forename: Sho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanosaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan.
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Someya
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
keywords: Differentiation; Embryonic stem cells; Induced pluripotent stem cells; Metabolism; Purification; Regenerative therapy