title: Peripheral and Cerebral Resistance Arteries in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure Rat: Effects of Stilbenoid Polyphenols.
abstract: Hypertension is associated with aberrant structure and mechanical properties of resistance arteries. We determined the effects of resveratrol, a non-flavonoid polyphenol found in foods such as red grapes, and structurally-similar analogues (pterostilbene and gnetol) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and resistance arteries from the spontaneously hypertensive heart failure (SHHF) rat. SBP was elevated in 17-week-old SHHF vs. Sprague-Dawley rats (normotensive control; 194 ± 3 vs. 142 ± 6 mmHg,p< 0.01) and was unaffected by resveratrol, pterostilbene, or gnetol (2.5 mg/kg/d). Geometry and mechanical properties of pressurized mesenteric resistance arteries and middle cerebral arteries were calculated from media and lumen dimensions measured at incremental intraluminal pressures. SHHF arteries exhibited remodeling which consisted of augmented media-to-lumen ratios, and this was attenuated by stilbenoid treatment. Compliance was significantly reduced in SHHF middle cerebral arteries but not mesenteric arteries vis-à-vis increased wall component stiffness; stilbenoid treatment failed to normalize compliance and wall component stiffness. Our data suggest that neither AMPK nor ERK mediate stilbenoid effects. In conclusion, we observed arterial bed-specific abnormalities, where mesenteric resistance arteries exhibited remodeling and cerebral arteries exhibited remodeling and stiffening. Resveratrol, pterostilbene, and gnetol exhibited similar abilities to attenuate vascular alterations.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada. dlee@sbrc.ca.|Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. dlee@sbrc.ca.
authors.forename: Danielle I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. cacosta@sbrc.ca.|Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada. cacosta@sbrc.ca.|Neuroscience Research Program, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0Z3, Canada. cacosta@sbrc.ca.
authors.forename: Crystal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada. chris.anderson@umanitoba.ca.|Neuroscience Research Program, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0Z3, Canada. chris.anderson@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada. handerson@sbrc.ca.|Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. handerson@sbrc.ca.|Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada. handerson@sbrc.ca.
authors.forename: Hope D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C476734:2,3',5',6-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene; D013267:Stilbenes; C107773:pterostilbene; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: compliance; polyphenol; remodeling; resistance arteries; resveratrol; stilbenoid