title: Improved performance of collagen scaffolds crosslinked by Traut's reagent and Sulfo-SMCC.
abstract: Collagen scaffolds are frequently employed for applications in regenerative medicine. In previous studies, we affirmed that Traut's reagent (2-Iminothiolane hydrochloride) and Sulfo-SMCC (4-(N-Maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 3-sulpho-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester sodium salt) could covalently bind growth factors on collagen scaffolds. We also observed that crosslinking formed within the collagen scaffolds with excess dosage of Sulfo-SMCC, which improved the biological performance of collagen scaffolds together with growth factors. In order to evaluate changes in capacity caused by crosslinking, Traut's reagent and adjusted different concentrations of Sulfo-SMCC (0.263, 1.315, 2.63 and 5.26 mM) were used to construct collagen scaffolds with differing extents of crosslinking in this study. The results demonstrated that resistance of collagen scaffolds to enzymatic digestion, cellularization and vascularization in vivo were enhanced by the crosslinking procedure. The cell culture studies indicated that the crosslinking procedure did not influence biocompatibility. Moreover, there were no statistical differences in the degradation rate, cellularization or vascularization among 1.315, 2.63 and 5.26 mM crosslinked groups. These results demonstrated that crosslinking collagen scaffolds with an appropriate amount of Traut's reagent and Sulfo-SMCC was an effective and safe method to modify naturally derived collagen scaffolds with notable potential uses in tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology , Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: b Department of Stomatology , The Fifth Afﬁliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qifen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology , Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiucheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology , Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology , Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology , Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiachen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology , Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feilong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007096:Imidoesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D008301:Maleimides / Q000737:chemistry*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D007096:Imidoesters; D008301:Maleimides; C071675:sulfosuccinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate; C005905:methyl 4-mercaptobutyrimidate; D003094:Collagen
keywords: Collagen scaffold; cellularization; crosslinking; cytocompatibility; degradation; vascularization