title: Is Intraoperative Use of QuikClot Combat Gauze Effective for Hemostasis after Total Knee Arthroplasty?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the hemostatic effect of QuikClot Combat Gauze (QCG) compared to that of standard gauze during cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty knees underwent TKA using a pneumatic tourniquet in this prospective randomized study. After implantation of the femoral and tibial components and hardening of the bone cement, the tourniquet was deflated and QCG (group 1) or standard gauze (group 2) was packed into the joint cavity for 5 minutes for hemostasis. Perioperative bleeding volume and blood transfusion volume were compared between two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean intraoperative bleeding volume was 64.7 ± 12.7 mL in group 1 and 63.9 ± 9.2 mL in group 2 (p= 0.808). The mean postoperative blood drainage was 349.0 ± 170.6 mL in group 1 and 270.1 ± 136.3 mL in group 2 (p= 0.057). The average postoperative blood transfusion volume was 323.7 ± 325.9 mL in group 1 and 403.6 ± 274.8 mL in group 2 (p= 0.314).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QCG was not significantly effective for reducing perioperative bleeding volume or the blood transfusion rate compared with standard gauze during TKA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D001458:Bandages; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D001810:Blood Volume; D005260:Female; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Arthroplasty; Hemostasis; Knee; QuikClot Combat Gauze; Replacement