title: Solid cation exchange phase to remove interfering anthocyanins in the analysis of other bioactive phenols in red wine.
abstract: Bioactive phenols (BPs) are often targets in red wine analysis. However, other compounds interfere in the liquid chromatography methods used for this analysis. Here, purification procedures were tested to eliminate anthocyanin interference during the determination of 19 red-wine BPs. Liquid chromatography, coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and a mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS), was used to compare the direct injection of the samples with solid-phase extractions: reversed-phase (C18) and strong cation-exchange (SCX). The HPLC-DAD method revealed that, out of 13BPs, only six are selectively analyzed with or without C18 treatment, whereas SCX enabled the detection of all BPs. The recovery with SCX was above 86.6% for eight BPs. Moreover, UPLC-MS demonstrated the potential of SCX sample preparation for the determination of 19BPs. The developed procedure may be extended to the analysis of other red wine molecules or to other analytical methods where anthocyanins may interfere.
authors.affiliation: LACEM - Laboratório de Cromatografia e Espectrometria de Massas, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Rua Livramento, 515, CEP 95701-008 Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, CEP 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: leticiaflores.lf@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Letícia Flores
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: LACEM - Laboratório de Cromatografia e Espectrometria de Massas, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Rua Livramento, 515, CEP 95701-008 Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celito Crivellaro
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: LACEM - Laboratório de Cromatografia e Espectrometria de Massas, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Rua Livramento, 515, CEP 95701-008 Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, CEP 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diandra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Química Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, CEP 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bergold
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007474:Ion Exchange; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D010636:Phenols
keywords: Bioactive phenols; Diode array detector; Kaempferol (PubChemCID: 5280863); Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Myricetin (PubChemCID: 5281672); Quercetin (PubChemCID: 5280343); Red wine; Sample purification; Taxifolin (PubChemCID: 439533); trans-Cinnamic acid (PubChemCID: 444539); trans-Piceid (PubChemCID: 5281718); trans-Resveratrol (PubChemCID: 445154); trans-ε-Viniferin (PubChemCID: 5315233)