title: Expression of AKT1 along with AKT2 in granulosa-lutein cells of hyperandrogenic PCOS patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  AKTs have a pivotal role in the granulosa-lutein cell (GC) proliferation and folliculogenesis, and there is a reciprocal feedback between AKT with androgen. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the role of AKTs in GCs of hyperandrogenic (+HA) PCOS cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were three groups: control, +HA PCOS and -HA (non-hyperandrogenic) PCOS. All groups were subjected to GnRH antagonist protocol for stimulation of ovulation. Follicular fluid was aspirated from large follicles, and GCs were isolated using cell strainer method. AKT1, AKT2, AKT3, and androgen receptor (AR) mRNA expressions were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and total-AKT and p-AKT (Ser473& Thr308) were investigated using western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were high levels of AKT1, AKT2, and AR mRNA expressions and high levels of p-AKT protein expression in the +HA PCOS group (p ≤ 0.05). There was a direct positive correlation between free testosterone (FT) and total testosterone (TT) with the levels of AKT1, AKT2, and p-AKT (Ser473), and also between FT with the levels of AR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High expressions of AKT1 and AKT2 through possible relation with androgen may cause GCs dysfunction in the +HA PCOS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour Sina St, Tehran, Postal code 1417613151, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nekoonam
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour Sina St, Tehran, Postal code 1417613151, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour Sina St, Tehran, Postal code 1417613151, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam Shabani
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nashtaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Keywan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mortezaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koruji
authors.affiliation: Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Leili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Safdarian
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour Sina St, Tehran, Postal code 1417613151, Iran. Famidi@sina.tums.ac.ir.|Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Famidi@sina.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Fardin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amidi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D016014:Linear Models; D008184:Luteal Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C494921:AKT2 protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: AKT; Granulosa-lutein cells; Hyperandrogenism; PCOS