title: Evaluation of 4% Sodium Hypochlorite in eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from the Root Canal when Used with Three Irrigation Methods: An in vitro Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endodontic treatment removes all pathogens, such as Enterococcus faecalis from pulp and root canals. The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of sodium hypo-chlorite (NaOCl) in removing E. faecalis from the root canal used with three different irrigation methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted on freshly extracted maxillary incisors. After biomechanical preparation, root canals were injected with E. faecalis. Three groups were made which contained 30 teeth in each group; 2 mL of NaOCl solution was used for irrigation followed by agitation with K-files in group I; 2 mL of NaOCl solution was used for irrigation and ultrasonic agitation was done in group II. In group III, an alternate irrigation with NaOCl and 3% hydrogen peroxide was done. The fourth group (control) was irrigated with sterile saline solution. E. fae-calis bacteria were sampled to the root canals with paper points and were transferred to tubes that contained 5 mL of brain heart infusion broth. Tubes were incubated and the presence of broth turbidity was suggestive of bacteria remaining in the root canal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three groups showed no statistically significant difference. However, difference existed between experimental groups and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The author concluded that all three methods of application of NaOCl were effective in disinfecting the root canal than the saline solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No single irrigant has 100% efficiency. Thus by this study, a best irrigating solution with maximum properties can be established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, Phone: +919501544877, e-mail: drharshpriyank@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Harsh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Priyank
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Studies & Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Vinisha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, S.M.B.T. Dental College & Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagul
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GSL Dental College & Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Kishore Kumar
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Majety
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Institute of Dental Sciences, Sehora, Jammu, India.
authors.forename: Parul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Science, Sum Hospital Rd, Shampur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Basanta Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Choudhury
mesh_terms: D004202:Disinfectants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
keywords: Endodontics; Enterococcus faecalis; Irrigation Sodium hypochlorite.