title: Emergence of Hemicryptophanes: From Synthesis to Applications for Recognition, Molecular Machines, and Supramolecular Catalysis.
abstract: In the wide area of host-guest chemistry, hemicryptophanes, combining a cyclotribenzylene (or cyclotriveratrylene CTV) unit with another different C3-symmetrical moiety, appears as a recent family of molecular cages. The synthesis and recognition properties of the first hemicryptophane were reported in 1982 by Collet and Lehn, but the very little attention received by this class of host compounds in the 20 years following this first promising result can account for their apparent novelty. Indeed, in the last 10 years hemicryptophanes have aroused growing interest, and new aspects have been developed. Thanks to the rigid shaping unit of the north part (CTV) and also the variable and easily functionalized south moiety, hemicryptophanes are revealed to be inherently chiral ditopic host compounds, able to encapsulate various guests, including charged and neutral species. They also enter the field of stimuli-responsive supramolecular systems exhibiting controlled functions. Moreover, endohedral functionalization of their inner cavity leads to supramolecular catalysts. The confinement of the catalytic center affords nanoreactors with improved catalytic activities or selectivities when compared to model systems without a cavity. The current trend shows that reactions in the confined space of synthetic hosts, mimicking enzyme behavior, will expand rapidly in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China.|Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UCBL , 46, Allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UCBL , 46, Allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France.|Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 , Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, F-13397 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UCBL , 46, Allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0948-6097
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dutasta