title: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of cardiovascular disease: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
abstract: Background:During the past decade, an increasing number of prospective studies have focused on the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the evidence on the relation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and the risk of overt CVD is inconclusive.Objective:We performed a dose-response meta-analysis to summarize and prospectively quantify the RR of low serum 25(OH)D concentration and total CVD (events and mortality).Design:We identified relevant studies by searching PubMed and EMBASE up to December 2015 and by hand-searching reference lists. Prospective studies based on the general population and reported RRs and 95% CIs were included. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled RRs. Nonlinear association was assessed by using restricted cubic spline analyses.Results:A total of 34 publications with 180,667 participants were eligible for the meta-analysis. We included 32 publications (27 independent studies) for total CVD events and 17 publications (17 independent studies) for CVD mortality. We observed an inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and total CVD events and CVD mortality, and the pooled RRs per 10-ng/mL increment were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.94) for total CVD events and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.96) for CVD mortality. A nonlinear association was detected for total CVD events (P-nonlinear < 0.001) and CVD mortality (P-nonlinear = 0.022).Conclusion:Serum 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with total CVD events and CVD mortality from the observed studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Runhua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bohong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Yuesong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Hongqiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Yilong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; liugaifen1997@163.com.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China; and.
authors.forename: Gaifen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; CVD mortality; cardiovascular disease; dose-response; meta-analysis