title: Combined UV-C/H2O2-VUV processes for the treatment of an actual slaughterhouse wastewater.
abstract: In this study, a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology were used to maximize the TOC removal and minimize the H2O2residual in the effluent of the combined UV-C/H2O2-VUV system for the treatment of an actual slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) collected from one of the meat processing plants in Ontario, Canada. The irradiation time and the initial concentrations of total organic carbon (TOCo) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2o) were the three predictors, as independent variables, studied in the design of experiments. The multiple response approach was used to obtain desirability response surfaces at the optimum factor settings. Subsequently, the optimum conditions to achieve the maximum percentage TOC removal of 46.19% and minimum H2O2residual of 1.05% were TOCoof 213 mg L-1, H2O2oof 450 mg L-1, and irradiation time of 9 min. The attained optimal operating conditions were validated with a complementary test. Consequently, the TOC removal of 45.68% and H2O2residual of 1.03% were achieved experimentally, confirming the statistical model reliability. Three individual processes, VUV alone, VUV/H2O2, and UV-C/H2O2, were also evaluated to compare their performance for the treatment of the actual SWW using the optimum parameters obtained in combined UV-C/H2O2-VUV processes. Results confirmed that an adequate combination of the UV-C/H2O2-VUV processes is essential for an optimized TOC removal and H2O2residual. Finally, respirometry analyses were also performed to evaluate the biodegradability of the SWW and the BOD removal efficiency of the combined UV-C/H2O2-VUV processes.
authors.affiliation: a Graduate Programs in Environmental Applied Science and Management , Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada.
authors.forename: Kambiz Vaezzadeh
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Naderi
authors.affiliation: b Department of Chemical Engineering , Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada.
authors.forename: Ciro Fernando
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Bustillo-Lecompte
authors.affiliation: b Department of Chemical Engineering , Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada.
authors.forename: Mehrab
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehrvar
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , Sharif University of Technology , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Jafar
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abdekhodaie
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D058433:Photobioreactors; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Actual slaughterhouse wastewater; advanced oxidation; combined processes; optimization; wastewater treatment