title: Orbital Fracture Repair.
abstract: Orbital fractures are very common after facial trauma. The assessment of a patient with a suspected orbital wall injury includes a detailed oculofacial examination as well as radiologic imaging. Surgical repair with or without an implant may be indicated for diplopia, enophthalmos, or both. Cicatricial eyelid malposition is an iatrogenic complication commonly due to poor orbitotomy technique. Optimal repair involves direct exposure of the perimeter of the fractures' site through surgical planes that minimally scar the eyelids. A wide variety of implant options exist; however, thin, pliable, nonadherent materials such as nylon foil may offer several advantages. The authors describe the evaluation and management of orbital wall fractures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California.
authors.forename: Seanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grob
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yonkers
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California.
authors.forename: Jeremiah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tao
keywords: blow-out; enophthalmos; entrapment; medial orbital wall; orbit fracture; orbit implant; orbital floor