title: Pediatric Brown Adipose Tissue on18F-FDG PET: Diazepam Intervention.
abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been widely reported to affect the efficacy of18F-FDG PET in oncology. Several small studies have found that warming the patient both before18F-FDG injection and during the uptake phase can reduce the frequency of BAT uptake. Pharmaceutical approaches such as propranolol and diazepam have also been used.Methods:We describe two case studies that demonstrated the impact of combined patient warming and diazepam administration on BAT uptake in pediatric18F-FDG PET images. To support these findings, we performed a retrospective analysis of 139 patients: 71 who received warming only and 68 who received warming combined with diazepam.Results:BAT uptake was significantly less frequent in patients who received diazepam (16.2%) than in those who did not (33.8%) (P= 0.0167), particularly in female patients (7.4% vs. 26.7%) (P= 0.0486).Conclusion:Although patient warming alone reduces the frequency of BAT uptake, the addition of diazepam to patient warming significantly furthers the reduction in young patients, particularly female patients.
authors.affiliation: Community College of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Justine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cousins
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czachowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muthukrishnan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia; and gcurrie@csu.edu.au.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Regis University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Geoff
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Currie
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D016477:Artifacts; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D003975:Diazepam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D003975:Diazepam
keywords: 18F-FDG PET; BAT; brown fat; diazepam