title: Imaging in the post-partum period: clinical challenges, normal findings, and common imaging pitfalls.
abstract: Complex physiological and biochemical changes occur in women during the post-partum period, many of which are incompletely understood. There are limited descriptions within the medical literature about expected imaging findings during this period and this review aims to illustrate 'normal' appearances following vaginal delivery and Cesarean section. We will also discuss some of the pertinent clinical challenges and imaging pitfalls encountered in assessing the post-partum female.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: Attor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Muzrakchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: Noorulhuda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jawad
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crofton
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: Shahla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
authors.forename: Wladyslaw
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gedroyc
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK. nishat.bharwani@imperial.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Nishat
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6236-1480
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bharwani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D049590:Postpartum Period
keywords: Cesarean section; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Post-partum; Ultrasound