title: Pharmacokinetics and outcome of tazobactam/piperacillin in Japanese patients undergoing low-flow continuous renal replacement therapy: dosage considerations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC), which is often combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), induces renal excretion and is thought to have a high component removal rate for blood purification. CRRT procedures vary depending on the country, region, and institution. It is not clear whether the dose of TAZ/PIPC for use in Japan can be determined based on studies conducted in other countries. Therefore, in this study, we examined the suitability of recommended dose in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects consisted of 10 patients who received TAZ/PIPC during CRRT in the intensive care unit of Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan. We used a one-compartment model to characterize and parameterize the pharmacokinetics of TAZ/PIPC because their blood levels were eliminated monoexponentially.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the data of healthy adults, the half-lives (t1/2) of both PIPC and TAZ were prolonged while their clearance rates decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the continuous hemodiafiltration procedure adopted in Japan, we concluded that the dose and frequency were appropriate because the patients who received PIPC/TAZ 2.25 g twice a day during continuous hemodiafiltration maintained appropriate blood levels of both PIPC and TAZ.
authors.affiliation: Division of Intensive Care Unit, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya.
authors.forename: Hanako
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kohama
authors.affiliation: Division of Intensive Care Unit, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Intensive Care Unit, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishi
keywords: antibiotics; dosage regimen; hemodiafiltration