title: Virulence of the zoonotic agent of leptospirosis: still terra incognita?
abstract: Pathogenic leptospires are the bacterial agents of leptospirosis, which is an emerging zoonotic disease that affects animals and humans worldwide. The success of leptospires as pathogens is explained by their spiral shape and endoflagellar motility (which enable these spirochetes to rapidly cross connective tissues and barriers), as well as by their ability to escape or hijack the host immune system. However, the basic biology and virulence factors of leptospires remain poorly characterized. In this Review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, taxonomy, genomics and the molecular basis of virulence in leptospires, and how these properties contribute to the mechanism of pathogenesis of leptospirosis.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Biology of Spirochetes Unit, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Center for Leptospirosis, 28 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picardeau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020285:Cryoelectron Microscopy; D055032:Electron Microscope Tomography; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007919:Leptospira / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission; D037521:Virulence Factors; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors