title: The important functionality of 14-3-3 isoforms in rice roots revealed by affinity chromatography.
abstract: Plant 14-3-3 proteins belong to a large family of proteins involved in numerous physiological processes, and function by binding to phosphorylated client proteins to regulate their function. However, little is known about their regulatory mechanisms in rice root growth. In this study, four 14-3-3 isoforms (GF14b, GF14c, GF14e, GF14f) exhibiting prominent expression profiles in rice roots, were selected for further investigation. Through a pull-down assay using four 14-3-3 isoforms in rice roots, 87 client proteins were identified that are involved in metabolism, protein synthesis and trafficking, energy metabolism, cell structure and growth, and other cellular processes. Importantly, we found that 14-3-3 proteins may play an important role in the root stress response through interactions with proteins functioning in oxidative stress, pathogenesis and secondary metabolism. By using real-time RT-PCR, it was found that 14-3-3 proteins exhibited diverse patterns of gene expression in response to salinity and drought stresses in rice root. The results revealed the isoform-specific functions of root 14-3-3 proteins. Our current study provides insight into understanding the functional roles of 14-3-3 proteins during rice root growth.
  
  
  
  Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world, as it is consumed by more than 3 billion people. Regulation of root growth plays an important role in rice adaption to biotic and abiotic, stress such as rhizosphere microbes and nutrient stress, and this process is directly related to the final yield. 14-3-3 proteins form a multi-gene family regulating developmental processes in plants. However, the correlation between the 14-3-3 protein family and its role in rice root growth has very little study. We applied an affinity chromatographic approach, in combination with LC-MS/MS, to explore the client proteins of four 14-3-3 isoforms that exhibit much more prominent gene expression than other members of the 14-3-3 family in rice roots. Assessments of the identified client proteins are able to obtain novel information toward understanding the functional mechanism of 14-3-3 proteins in rice root growth as expected.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Zhixing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Fenglian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Zefeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China. Electronic address: lwx@fafu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wenxiong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: 14-3-3 proteins; Affinity chromatography; Client proteins; Rice root