title: Measuring Participation of Children and Environmental Factors at Home, School, and in Community: Construct Validation of the Korean PEM-CY.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine construct validity of the Korean Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (KPEM-CY) in South Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 184 parents of children with (n = 80) and without disabilities (n = 104) aged 5 to 13 years completed the KPEM-CY. Construct validity was analyzed by assessing differences in the participation and environment scores for children with and without disabilities across age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Validity of the KPEM-CY was supported by significant differences in participation and environmental factors for subgroups (p < .05). Children with disabilities participated less in typical activities and had more environmental barriers than those without disabilities across all settings. Parents of children with disabilities reported a higher level of desire to change their children's participation patterns. Similar participation patterns and environmental factors, which were influenced by interaction effects between disability and age, were confirmed at home and in the community.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KPEM-CY is a valid measure to assess participation and environmental factors in home, school, and community settings for Korean children, aged 5-13 years, with and without disabilities.
authors.affiliation: a School of Rehabilitation Science , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Yunwha
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: a School of Rehabilitation Science , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Law
authors.affiliation: a School of Rehabilitation Science , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stratford
authors.affiliation: a School of Rehabilitation Science , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DeMatteo
authors.affiliation: a School of Rehabilitation Science , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Missiuna
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012574:Schools; D058992:Social Participation / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Children; Korean; environment; occupational therapy; participation