title: [The role of soft tissue transplantation in the reconstruction of gingival papilla].
abstract: Black triangle caused by gingival papilla loss is an ordinary clinical problem. Gingival recession and alveolar bone absorption in the area of gingival papilla lead to the increase of the vertical distance from the adjacent contact point to the alveolar ridge. Periodontal soft tissue grafts play a certain role in the gingival papilla reconstruction. This paper reviewed the effects of soft tissue grafts on the reconstruction of gingival papilla loss through following several aspects, summary of gingival papilla loss, gum soft tissue reconstruction, biological and chemical factors influencing gingival papilla reconstruction. The role of coronally advanced flap surgery, semilunar coronal repositioned flap surgery, subepithelial connective tissue graft, pedicle flap graft, envelop flap graft and tunnel technique were evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Stomatological Diseases of CPLA, 411 Hospital of CPLA, Shanghai 200081, China.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Stomatological Diseases of CPLA, 411 Hospital of CPLA, Shanghai 200081, China.
authors.forename: X H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000150:complications; D000539:Alveolar Process; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000601:surgery; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000601:surgery*; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D013524:Surgical Flaps
keywords: Gingiva; Loss of gingival papilla; Periodontal surgery; Soft tissue transplantation