title: Pharmacological Potential and Synthetic Approaches of Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine Derivatives.
abstract: The structural resemblance between the fused imidazopyridine heterocyclic ring system and purines has prompted biological investigations to assess their potential therapeutic significance. They are known to play a crucial role in numerous disease conditions. The discovery of their first bioactivity as GABAAreceptor positive allosteric modulators divulged their medicinal potential. Proton pump inhibitors, aromatase inhibitors, and NSAIDs were also found in this chemical group. Imidazopyridines have the ability to influence many cellular pathways necessary for the proper functioning of cancerous cells, pathogens, components of the immune system, enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, etc. The collective results of biochemical and biophysical properties foregrounded their medicinal significance in central nervous system, digestive system, cancer, inflammation, etc. In recent years, new preparative methods for the synthesis of imidazopyridines using various catalysts have been described. The present manuscript to the best of our knowledge is the complete compilation on the synthesis and medicinal aspects of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines reported from the year 2000 to date, including structure-activity relationships.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Gen. Hallera Ave., 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland. malwinakrause@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Malwina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Gen. Hallera Ave., 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland. hfoks@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Henryk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Foks
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Gen. Hallera Ave., 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland. kgobis@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gobis
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011725:Pyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D011725:Pyridines
keywords: SAR analysis; biological activity; imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine; imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine; synthesis