title: Sleep characteristics modify the association of genetic predisposition with obesity and anthropometric measurements in 119,679 UK Biobank participants.
abstract: Background:Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by genetics, lifestyle, and environment.Objective:We investigated whether the association of a validated genetic profile risk score for obesity (GPRS-obesity) with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) was modified by sleep characteristics.Design:This study included cross-sectional data from 119,859 white European adults, aged 37-73 y, participating in the UK Biobank. Interactions of GPRS-obesity and sleep characteristics (sleep duration, chronotype, day napping, and shift work) with their effects on BMI and WC were investigated.Results:β Values are expressed as the change in BMI (in kg/m2) or WC per 1-SD increase in GPRS-obesity. The GPRS-obesity was associated with BMI (β: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.60;P= 6.3 × 10-207) and WC (1.21 cm; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.28 cm;P= 4.2 × 10-289). There were significant interactions of GPRS-obesity and a variety of sleep characteristics with their relation with BMI (P-interaction < 0.05). In participants who slept <7 or >9 h daily, the effect of GPRS-obesity on BMI was stronger (β: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.65 and β: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.97, respectively) than in normal-length sleepers (7-9 h; β: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.55). A similar pattern was observed for shift workers (β: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.77 compared with β: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.58 for non-shift workers) and for night-shift workers (β: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.82 compared with β: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.58 for non-night-shift workers), for those taking naps during the day (β: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.78 compared with β: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.55 for those who never or rarely had naps), and for those with a self-reported evening chronotype (β: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.82 compared with β: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.57 for morning chronotype). Similar findings were obtained by using WC as the outcome.Conclusion:This study shows that the association between genetic risk for obesity and phenotypic adiposity measures is exacerbated by adverse sleeping characteristics.
authors.affiliation: BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Celis-Morales
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing.
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lyall
authors.affiliation: BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: Yibing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: Lewis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Steell
authors.affiliation: BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Llanas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing.
authors.forename: Joey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing.
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Mackay
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, and.
authors.forename: Stephany M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Biello
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark Es
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing.
authors.forename: Jill P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pell
authors.affiliation: BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, jason.gill@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Jason Mr
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep; D006113:United Kingdom; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People
keywords: chronotype; genes; genetic risk score; nap; night-shift workers; obesity; shift work; sleep