title: Reducing Virulence and Biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Potential Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Carotenoid: Zeaxanthin.
abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa can regulate its virulence gene expressions by using a signal system called quorum sensing. It is known that inhibition of quorum sensing can block biofilm formation and leave the bacteria defenseless. Therefore, it is necessary to determine natural sources to obtain potential quorum sensing inhibitors. This study aims to investigate an alternative treatment approach by utilizing the carotenoid zeaxanthin to reduce the expressions of P. aeruginosa virulence factors through quorum sensing inhibition. The inhibition potential of zeaxanthin was determined by in silico screening from a library of 638 lichen metabolites. Fluorescent monitor strains were utilized for quorum sensing inhibitor screens, and quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR assay was performed for evaluating gene expression. Results indicate that zeaxanthin is a better inhibitor than the lichen secondary metabolite evernic acid, which was previously shown to be capable of inhibiting P. aeruginosa quorum sensing systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Barış
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gökalsın
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Busecan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aksoydan
authors.affiliation: Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. csesal@marmara.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Nüzhet Cenk
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Sesal
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000187:drug effects*; D014774:Virulence / Q000187:drug effects*; D065146:Zeaxanthins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D065146:Zeaxanthins
keywords: Biofilm; Molecular docking; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Quorum sensing; Zeaxanthin