title: Pro-inflammatory cytokines involvement in the hesperidin antihyperalgesic effects at peripheral and central levels in a neuropathic pain model.
abstract: Emerging evidence proposes a link between immune changes and pain, which is consistent with the inflammation theory and the increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. Flavonoids have long been used because of their anti-inflammatory potential activity and they are considered a promising alternative to alleviate neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the antihyperalgesic effect of hesperidin and the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines evaluated at peripheral and central levels in the chronic constriction injury as model of neuropathic pain in rats. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were assessed in the aesthesiometer and plantar tests, respectively, as related to the presence of cytokines concentrations (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in sciatic nerve and segments of the spinal cord after 15 days chronic constriction injury model in rats receiving vehicle or hesperidin. Antihyperalgesic response of hesperidin (100 mg/kg) was associated to the presence of cytokines mainly at several sections of the spinal cord suggesting not only peripheral but also its involvement in central sensitization in the experimental neuropathic pain.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio No.7 "Dolor y Analgesia" del Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Sede Sur, Calz. de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, CP 14330, México, D.F., Mexico.|Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Av. México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370, México, D.F., Mexico.|Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, México, 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Carballo-Villalobos
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Av. México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370, México, D.F., Mexico. evag@imp.edu.mx.|Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, México, 04510, Mexico. evag@imp.edu.mx.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: González-Trujano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, CP 14080, México, D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alvarado-Vázquez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio No.7 "Dolor y Analgesia" del Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Sede Sur, Calz. de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, CP 14330, México, D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: López-Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D006569:Hesperidin
keywords: Central sensitization; Cytokines; Flavonoids; Hesperidin; Neuropathic pain; Peripheral sensitization