title: Psychological Variables for Identifying Susceptibility to Mental Disorders in Medical Students at the University of Barcelona.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study analyses some psychological variables related to susceptibility to mental disorders in medical students.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 209 first- and second-year medical students was evaluated using the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and three questionnaires: Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and UNCAHS scale of STRAIN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty percent of the students suffered from emotional distress as measured by de GHQ-28, and showed significantly higher scores on trait anxiety, sensitivity to punishment and reward scales, and had higher levels of strain both in the academic environment and their personal life. Women scored significantly higher than men on trait anxiety and sensitivity to reward. Logistical regression found that trait anxiety and strain in non-academic life were the best predictors of the development of a mental disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study confirms the usefulness of the STAI for detecting psychological distress and the validity of the SPSRQ for identifying subjects likely to present emotional distress when facing high environmental demands. Subjects most likely to present with mental illness are those who evaluate their personal (non-academic) lives as more stressful.
authors.affiliation: a Dept. of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology , University of Barcelona , Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sender
authors.affiliation: b Institut Clínic of Psychiatry and Psychology , IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona.
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salamero
authors.affiliation: c Dept. of Public Health , University of Barcelona.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vallés
authors.affiliation: a Dept. of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology , University of Barcelona , Spain.|b Institut Clínic of Psychiatry and Psychology , IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valdés