title: Angiogenic characteristics of human stromal vascular fraction in ischemic hindlimb.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we sought to characterize the angio-vasculogenic property of human adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and to determine the therapeutic potential of SVF in the context of experimental ischemia. Although human SVF is used for cell therapy, its angiogenic and vasculogenic characteristics have not been fully elucidated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We conducted flow cytometry, microarray, quantitative (q)-PCR, Matrigel tube formation assays and in vivo therapeutic assays using an ischemic hind limb mouse model. Gene/micro RNA microarray, quantitative (q)-PCR results revealed that the representative pro-angiogenic factors were highly upregulated in SVF compared with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). In addition, SVF exhibited high expression of endothelium-specific genes and showed robust in vitro micro-vascular formation. SVF was transplanted into ischemic mouse hind limbs and compared with ASC transplantation. SVF transplantation prevented limb loss and augmented blood perfusion, indicating that SVF promotes neovascularization in hind limb ischemia. Transplanted SVF showed high vasculogenic potential in vivo compared with transplanted ASCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that SVF has remarkable therapeutic effects on hind limb ischemia via robust angiogenic and vasculogenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Enze
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Sik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: swkim@cku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sung-Whan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents
keywords: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; Angiogenesis; Ischemic hindlimb; Stromal vascular fraction; Vasculogenesis