title: Liquid-state carbon-13 hyperpolarization generated in an MRI system for fast imaging.
abstract: Hyperpolarized (HP) tracers dramatically increase the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to monitor metabolism non-invasively and in vivo. Their production, however, requires an extra polarizing device (polarizer) whose complexity, operation and cost can exceed that of an MRI system itself. Furthermore, the lifetime of HP tracers is short and some of the enhancement is lost during transfer to the application site. Here, we present the production of HP tracers in water without an external polarizer: by Synthesis Amid the Magnet Bore, A Dramatically Enhanced Nuclear Alignment (SAMBADENA) is achieved within seconds, corresponding to a hyperpolarization of ∼20%. As transfer of the tracer is no longer required, SAMBADENA may permit a higher polarization at the time of detection at a fraction of the cost and complexity of external polarizers. This development is particularly promising in light of the recently extended portfolio of biomedically relevant para-hydrogen-tracers and may lead to new diagnostic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.|German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.|German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schimpf
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.|German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.|German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Division Hydrogen Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE), Heidenhofstraße 2, Freiburg 79110, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lickert
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schwaderlapp
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dost
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rovedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: von Elverfeldt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.|German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
authors.forename: J-B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hövener
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000737:chemistry*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D006865:Hydrogenation; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011422:Propionates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C551061:2-hydroxyethylpropionate; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003287:Contrast Media; D011422:Propionates; D014867:Water; D006859:Hydrogen; C000615229:Carbon-13