title: Effects of meal and incretins in the regulation of splanchnic blood flow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Meal ingestion is followed by a redistribution of blood flow (BF) within the splanchnic region contributing to nutrient absorption, insulin secretion and glucose disposal, but factors regulating this phenomenon in humans are poorly known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the organ-specific changes in BF during a mixed-meal and incretin infusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A non-randomized intervention study of 10 healthy adults to study splanchnic BF regulation was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Effects of glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) infusions and mixed-meal were tested in 10 healthy, glucose tolerant subjects using PET-MRI multimodal imaging technology. Intestinal and pancreatic BF and blood volume (BV) were measured with15O-water and15O-carbon monoxide, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ingestion of a mixed-meal led to an increase in pancreatic and jejunal BF, whereas duodenal BF was unchanged. Infusion of GIP and GLP-1 reduced BF in the pancreas. However, GIP infusion doubled blood flow in the jejunum with no effect of GLP-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together, our data suggest that meal ingestion leads to increases in pancreatic BF accompanied by a GIP-mediated increase in jejunal but not duodenal blood flow.
authors.affiliation: Department of GastroenterologyTurunmaa Hospital, Turku, Finland.|Turku PET CentreUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koffert
authors.affiliation: Turku PET CentreUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honka
authors.affiliation: Department of GastroenterologyTurunmaa Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jarmo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teuho
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery and UrologyTurku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Saila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kauhanen
authors.affiliation: Institute of BiostatisticsUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Saija
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hurme
authors.affiliation: Turku PET CentreUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland.|Department of RadiologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parkkola
authors.affiliation: Turku PET CentreUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Vesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Oikonen
authors.affiliation: Institute of NeuroscienceNational Research Council, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mari
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical SciencesLund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindqvist
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical SciencesLund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wierup
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical SciencesLund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.affiliation: Turku PET CentreUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland pirjo.nuutila@utu.fi.|Department of EndocrinologyTurku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nuutila
keywords: incretins; meal ingestion; splanchnic blood flow