title: Antigenic fingerprinting of diphtheria toxoid adsorbed to aluminium phosphate.
abstract: The antigenicity of alum-adsorbed diphtheria toxoid (DTd) was determined in combination vaccines, containing DTd, tetanus toxoid and inactivated poliovirus. A panel of monoclonal antibodies was used, covering five epitopes, distributed over the antigen. The resulting antigenic fingerprint of DTd demonstrates consistency of adsorption at antigen level in final product combination vaccines. The antigenic quality of DTd alone, adsorbed to aluminium phosphate, was also determined and compared with pre-adsorbed toxoid (starting material as well as toxoid desorbed from aluminium phosphate). Some epitopes became less accessible after adsorption, while others became relatively better exposed. Some epitopes disappeared almost completely upon adsorption, but were re-established after desorption of the antigen. The results indicate that DTd is adsorbed to aluminium phosphate in a preferred orientation and not randomly.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Electronic address: janny.westdijk@intravacc.nl.
authors.forename: Janny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Westdijk
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nanda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Spruit
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wichard
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tilstra
authors.affiliation: Bilthoven Biologicals, P.O. Box 457, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Gun
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Utrecht University, Department of Animals in Science and Society-3R Centre Utrecht Life Sciences, Yalelaan 2, P.O. Box 80.166, 3508TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Coenraad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Drug Delivery Technology, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kersten
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000737:chemistry*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000071497:Immunogenicity, Vaccine; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D010710:Phosphates; C012714:aluminum phosphate
keywords: Adsorption; Aluminium phosphate; Antigenic fingerprinting; Consistency; Diphtheria toxoid; ELISA