title: Layer-specific modulation of neocortical dendritic inhibition during active wakefulness.
abstract: γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inputs are strategically positioned to gate synaptic integration along the dendritic arbor of pyramidal cells. However, their spatiotemporal dynamics during behavior are poorly understood. Using an optical-tagging electrophysiological approach to record and label somatostatin-expressing (Sst) interneurons (GABAergic neurons specialized for dendritic inhibition), we discovered a layer-specific modulation of their activity in behaving mice. Sst interneuron subtypes, residing in different cortical layers and innervating complementary laminar domains, exhibited opposite activity changes during transitions to active wakefulness. The relative weight of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (Vip) interneuron-mediated inhibition of distinct Sst interneurons and cholinergic modulation determined their in vivo activity. These results reveal a state-dependent laminar influence of Sst interneuron-mediated inhibition, with implications for the compartmentalized regulation of dendritic signaling in the mammalian neocortex.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1354-3472
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3434-1201
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.|Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5507-9145
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levenstein
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. bernardo.rudy@nyumc.org.|Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1367-7136
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rudy
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001519:Behavior; D003712:Dendrites / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D059330:GABAergic Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007395:Interneurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019579:Neocortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009433:Neural Inhibition; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000502:physiology; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D013004:Somatostatin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine