title: Rapid Tranquilization for Psychiatric Patients with Psychomotor Agitation: What is Known About it?
abstract: Rapid tranquilization is an intervention used in control of agitation or aggression in patients with mental disorders. This study synthesized the available evidence regarding efficacy and safety of drugs used for rapid tranquilization in psychiatric patients with psychomotor agitation. It is an overview study of systematic reviews and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) identified in the database MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and LILACS until April 2015. A team of reviewers, in pairs and independently, identified eligible studies and assessed methodological quality using AMSTAR. Data were extracted from four studies (61 RCT, 8021 participants). The association of haloperidol with promethazine (H + P) promoted tranquilization and presented better safety profile, with moderate quality evidence. Olanzapine demonstrated benefit towards tranquilization and good safety profile, but needed additional administration to keep tranquilization. There was no benefit in the use of haloperidol alone or associated to another psychotropic to most outcomes evaluated. The evidence was of low quality to most of the interventions. H + P was considered a good option for rapid tranquilization, however, more RCT are necessary to confirm the efficacy and safety of the available interventions.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, State of São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clayton Gonçalves
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, State of São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Grossi Moura
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, State of São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barberato-Filho
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, State of São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Sá Del Fiol
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics Dental School and Research Center, Sorocaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogério Heládio Lopes
authors.initials: RHL
authors.lastname: Motta
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, State of São Paulo, 18023-000, Brazil. cristiane.motta@prof.uniso.br.
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Cássia Bergamaschi
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D014149:Tranquilizing Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014149:Tranquilizing Agents
keywords: Mental disorders; Psychomotor agitation; Tranquilizing agents