title: Update on targeted therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: nivolumab in context.
abstract: While the initial treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) usually relies on surgical resection followed by systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, recent advances in understanding of NSCLC biology and immunology have spurred the development of numerous targeted therapies. In particular, a class of immune modulatory drugs targeting the immune checkpoint pathways has demonstrated remarkable durable remissions in a select minority of advanced NSCLC patients, potentially heralding the elusive "cancer cure". This review focuses on the clinical evidence for one of these agents, nivolumab, and clarifies the role of this drug in the context of the other targeted therapies currently available for the treatment of NSCLC. We also discuss the impact of nivolumab on patient quality of life and health economics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene.
authors.forename: Alexander D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Saeed K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Alzghari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Jean
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene.
authors.forename: Ninh M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: La-Beck
keywords: immune checkpoint; lung cancer; nivolumab; targeted therapy