title: Age 4 Predictors of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Early Grammar School.
abstract: Our ability to predict which children will exhibit oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) at the time of entry into grammar school at age 6 lags behind our understanding of the risk factors for ODD. This study examined how well a set of multidomain risk factors for ODD assessed in 4-year-old children predicted age 6 ODD diagnostic status. Participants were a diverse sample of 796 4-year-old children (391 boys).The sample was 54% White, non-Hispanic; 16.8% African American, 20.4% Hispanic; 2.4% Asian; and 4.4% Other or mixed race. The classification accuracy of two models of multidomain risk factors, using either a measure of overall ODD symptoms or dimensions of ODD obtained at age 4, were compared to one another, to chance, and to a parsimonious model based solely on parent-reported ODD using Automated Classification Tree Analysis. Effect Strength for Sensitivity (ESS), a measure of classification accuracy, indicated a multidomain model including a general measure of ODD symptoms at age 4 yielded a large effect (56.29%), a 13.7% increase over the ESS for the parsimonious model (ESS = 42.9%). The ESS (51.23%) for a model including two ODD dimensions (behavior and negative affect) was smaller than that for the model including a measure of overall ODD symptoms. The Classification Tree Analysis approach showed a small but distinct advantage that would be useful in screening for which children would most likely meet criteria for age 6 ODD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.|b Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University.|c Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center.
authors.forename: John V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.affiliation: d Department of Psychology , Loyola University of Chicago.
authors.forename: Fred B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.affiliation: e College of Psychology , Illinois Institute of Technology.
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.affiliation: a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.|b Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University.
authors.forename: Karen R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Gouze
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools / Q000639:trends*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*