title: Electro persulphate oxidation for polishing of biologically treated palm oil mill effluent (POME).
abstract: Malaysia alone produces more than 49 million m3palm oil mill effluent per year. Biological treated palm oil mill effluent via ponding system often fails to fulfill the regulatory discharge standards. This is due to remaining of non-biodegradable organics in the treated effluent. Thus, the aim of this study was to resolve such issue by using electro persulphate oxidation process, for the first time, as a post treatment of palm oil mill effluent. Central composite design in response surface methodology was used to analyze and optimize the interaction of operational variables (i.e., current density, contact time, initial pH and persulphate dosage) targeted on maximum treatment efficiency. The significance of quadratic model of each response was determined by analysis of variance, where all models indicated sufficient significance with p-value < 0.0001. Optimum operational conditions with 45 mA/cm2of current density, 45 min of contact time, pH 4 and 0.892 g of S2O82-proved that 77.70% of Chemical Oxygen Demand, 97.96% of colour as well as 99.72% of Suspended Solids removal were achieved. The final pH of 5.88 of the effluent was obtained that fulfilled the limit and suitable for direct discharge to the natural environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology (FEGT), University Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia. Electronic address: jkbashir@utar.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mohammed J K
authors.initials: MJK
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology (FEGT), University Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Chong Jia
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology (FEGT), University Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ng Choon
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Aun
authors.affiliation: Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, (UniKL, MICET), Melaka 78000, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Salem S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Abu Amr
mesh_terms: D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010938:Plant Oils; D061005:Ponds; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Central composite design; Electro persulphate oxidation; Optimization; Palm oil mill effluent; Post treatment