title: Markers of implantation in ectopic and high-risk early eutopic pregnancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study focused on the assessment of HSP-10, HSP-27 and PSG-11 which are one of the first detectable serum pregnancy proteins. Contrary to ultrasound imaging, biochemical methods allow to clarify the pathogenesis and pathomechanism of high-risk pregnancies, fetal anomalies, and abnormal fetal implantation. Early serum concentration estimation of HSP-10, HSP-27 and PSG-11 may be very useful not only in prognosis of pregnancies of unknown localization (PUL), but also as markers of ectopic pregnancies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of HSP-10, HSP-27, PSG-11 implantation proteins in ectopic and eutopic pregnancies, and their mutual correlations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 42 healthy women who were hospitalized, due to symptoms of imminent miscarriage, risk of spontaneous abortion, or the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy. The subjects were subdivided into two equal groups of 21 women who consented to participate in this clinical trial. Biochemical assays were performed involving PSG-11, HSP-27, and HSP-10 serum concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum concentration levels of HSP-10, HSP-27, and PSG-11 were significantly higher in pregnancies at risk of spontaneous abortion as compared to ectopic pregnancies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study indicate high value of PSG-11, HSP-27 and HSP-10 serum concentrations as predictors of correct implantation site. This may be very useful in prognosis of pregnancies of unknown localization (PUL) and early conservative/surgical ectopic pregnancies treatment if necessary to preserve maximum fertility.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Gynecological Endocrynology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajtar-Ciosek
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Gynecological Endocrynology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 23, Kraków, Poland. kuba4u@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wyroba
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kacalska-Jansen
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zmaczyński
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Figuła
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Babczyk
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jach
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018835:Chaperonin 10 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000097:blood*; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011268:Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018835:Chaperonin 10; D006023:Glycoproteins; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D011268:Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins; C082668:pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 12
keywords: HSP-10; HSP-27; PSG-11; early pregnancy; pregnancy of unknown localization