title: Dietary quality changes in response to a sugar-sweetened beverage-reduction intervention: results from the Talking Health randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: Background:The reduction of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake may be beneficial for weight management and other related health conditions; however, to our knowledge, no data exist regarding the spontaneous changes in other dietary components or the overall dietary quality after an SSB-reduction intervention.Objectives:We explored longitudinal changes within and between an SSB-reduction intervention (SIPsmartER) and a physical activity intervention (MoveMore) with respect to spontaneous changes in1) energy intake and macronutrients and micronutrients,2) dietary quality [Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI)], and3) beverage categories.Design:Participants were enrolled in a 6-mo, community-based behavioral trial and randomly assigned into either the SIPsmartER (n= 149) intervention group or the MoveMore (n= 143) matched-contact comparison group. Dietary intake was assessed through a mean of three 24-h dietary recalls at baseline and 6 mo. Dietary recalls were analyzed with the use of nutritional analysis software. A multilevel, mixed-effects linear regression with intention-to-treat analyses is presented.Results:SIPsmartER participants showed a significant reduction in total SSBs (mean decrease: -366 mL;P≤ 0.001). Several spontaneous changes occurred within the SIPsmartER group and, compared with the MoveMore group, included significant HEI improvements for empty calorie, total vegetable, and total HEI scores (mean increases: 2.6, 0.3, and 2.6, respectively; allP≤ 0.01). Additional positive changes were shown, including significant decreases in total energy intake,transfat, added sugars, and total beverage energy (allP≤ 0.05). Few dietary changes were noted in the MoveMore group over the 6-mo intervention.Conclusions:Intervention of the single dietary component SSB resulted in additional spontaneous and beneficial dietary changes. Interventions that target a single dietary change, such as limiting SSB intake to <240 mL/d (<8 fl oz/d), may improve the overall dietary quality health and provide motivation to make additional dietary changes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02193009.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and vhedrick@vt.edu.
authors.forename: Valisa E
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1534-9198
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Hedrick
authors.affiliation: Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and.
authors.forename: Brenda M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Davy
authors.affiliation: Agricultural and Applied Economics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA; and.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and.
authors.forename: Kathleen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Estabrooks
authors.affiliation: Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and.
authors.forename: Jamie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zoellner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D004032:Diet; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D013549:Sweetening Agents
keywords: added sugar; beverages; dietary intervention; dietary quality; sugar-sweetened beverages