title: Evaluation of the Short-Term Cost-Effectiveness of IDegLira Versus Continued Up-Titration of Insulin Glargine U100 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the USA.
abstract: Effective glycemic control can reduce the risk of complications and their related costs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, many patients fail to reach glycemic targets, often because of adverse effects of treatment (including hypoglycemia or weight gain). The present analysis evaluated the short-term cost-effectiveness of IDegLira versus continued up-titration of insulin glargine U100 in patients with T2DM failing to achieve glycemic control on basal insulin in the US setting.
  
  
  
  The cost per patient achieving treatment target (cost of control) was assessed for various single and composite endpoints for the entire trial population and in patients with baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >8.0% and HbA1c >9.0%. The proportions of patients achieving treatment targets were analyzed using data obtained in the DUAL V study. Costs were accounted based on published wholesale acquisition costs.
  
  
  
  When assessing the full trial population, IDegLira was associated with lower annual cost of control than continued up-titration of insulin glargine U100 for patients achieving HbA1c ≤6.5% without confirmed hypoglycemia (by $10,608), HbA1c ≤6.5% without weight gain (by $29,215), and HbA1c ≤6.5% without confirmed hypoglycemia and weight gain (by $57,351). A similar pattern was observed when multifactorial treatment targets were based on achieving a glycemic target of 7.0%. When only HbA1c was considered, IDegLira was associated with a lower cost per patient achieving HbA1c ≤6.5% (by $3306) but cost of control was equivalent for a target of HbA1c <7.0%. In patients with baseline HbA1c >8.0% and HbA1c >9.0%, IDegLira was associated with a lower cost of control for all treatment targets.
  
  
  
  The significantly greater clinical efficacy in terms of bringing patients to treatment targets identified in the DUAL V study results in lower cost of control values for IDegLira versus continued up-titration of insulin glargine U100 in the USA. This suggests IDegLira is a cost-effective treatment option in the USA.
  
  
  
  Novo Nordisk A/S and Novo Nordisk Inc.
authors.affiliation: Ossian Health Economics and Communications, Basel, Switzerland. hunt@ossianconsulting.com.
authors.forename: Barnaby
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5420-279X
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.affiliation: Novo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mocarski
authors.affiliation: Ossian Health Economics and Communications, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Valentine
authors.affiliation: Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069036:Insulin Glargine / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069450:Liraglutide / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D000069450:Liraglutide; C000613158:IDegLira
keywords: Cost; Cost-effectiveness; Endocrinology; IDegLira; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; USA