title: Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin contamination in Bt and non-Bt maize cultivated in Brazil.
abstract: Fusarium verticillioides is one of the main pathogens of maize, causing ear and stalk rots. This fungus is also able to produce high levels of fumonisins, which have been linked to various illnesses in humans and animals. Previous studies have shown that maize hybrids genetically modified with the cry genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) presented lower incidence of F. verticillioides and fumonisin levels, presumably through the reduction of insects, which could act as vectors of fungi. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of F. verticillioides and the concentration of fumonisins in Bt and isogenic non-Bt hybrids (2B710Hx, 30F35YG, 2B710, and 30F35, respectively). The samples of 2B710Hx and 30F35YG presented lower F. verticillioides frequency than 2B710 and 30F35 samples. However, there was no statistical difference between fumonisin contamination when Bt and non-Bt samples were compared (P > 0.05). The results suggest that other environmental parameters could possibly trigger fumonisin production during plant development in the field; consequently, other management strategies should be applied to aid controlling fumonisin contamination in maize.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Laboratory 249, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Laboratory 249, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Liliana O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Laboratory 249, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Laboratory 249, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Centre of Grains and Fibres, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Agro-Business Agency of Sao Paulo (Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA)), Avenue Theodureto de Almeida Camargo, 1500, Campinas, SP, 13075-630, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aildson P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Centre of Grains and Fibres, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Agro-Business Agency of Sao Paulo (Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA)), Avenue Theodureto de Almeida Camargo, 1500, Campinas, SP, 13075-630, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Michelotto
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Laboratory 249, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil. correabe@usp.br.
authors.forename: Benedito
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Correa
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins
keywords: Corn; Fungi; Fusarium; Mycotoxins; Transgenic crops