title: Ano-Genital Warts and HIV Status- A Clinical Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ano-Genital Warts (AGW) like other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) is associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. This study of AGW was done in HIV positive and HIV negative patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the risk factors and clinical presentations of ano-genital warts in HIV positive and negative patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparative, cross-sectional, descriptive study of 25 HIV positive and 25 HIV negative (n=50) AGW patients between 15-60 years of both sex was conducted in Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital and Research Centre from July 2014 to July 2016.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant association of HIV positivity (p<0.05) was observed between age group of 15-30 years and HIV negative status (p<0.05) in age group of 31-45 years. HIV positive status significantly higher in patients with self-admitted multiple sexual partners (p<0.01), homosexuality (p<0.05) and presentation with anal warts (p<0.01). HIV negative status correlated significantly with single sexual partner admission (p<0.01) and hetero-sexuality (p<0.05). Gender did not show significant association with number of sexual partners or HIV positivity. Extra-genital or only genital warts had no association with HIV status. Co-STDs though more in number in ser-positive group, did not show any significant association with HIV positivity (p>0.05). No patient presented with changes of malignancy. Four were adolescents below 19 years. Two patients had atypical presentations of giant condylomata i.e., Buschke-Lowenstein Tumour (BLT).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV positivity was significantly associated with the risk factors of age below 30 years, homo sexuality and multiple sexual partners. Anal warts were significantly common in HIV positive patients. Four adolescents with AGW underline the need for high risk behaviour counselling. No patient had malignant ano-genital warts. Follow up of these patients with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) sub-typing is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, D.Y. Patil Medical College , Kolhapur, Maharastra, India .
authors.forename: Shashikant Balakrishana
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Dhumale
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Medicine, D.Y. Patil Medical College , Kolhapur, Maharastra, India .
authors.forename: Shimpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, D.Y. Patil University , Kolhapur, Maharastra, India .
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulbake
keywords: Comparison; Immunosuppression; Presentations; Venereal