title: Resilience Resources Moderate the Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Adulthood Inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) has been associated with elevated circulating inflammatory markers in adulthood. Despite the robust effect of ACE on later health outcomes, not all individuals exposed to ACE suffer from poor health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to evaluate whether current resilience resources may attenuate the impact of ACE on inflammatory markers among individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N = 174) completed one-time self-report questionnaires assessing ACE exposure within the first 18 years of life and current resilience resources, and provided blood samples for interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals who were exposed to multiple ACE had greater IL-6 than participants with lesser ACE exposure. However, current resilience resources significantly moderated this effect. Among individuals who reported multiple ACE, higher resilience resources were associated with lower IL-6 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that resilience resources might attenuate the association between ACE and later health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada. jp.gouin@concordia.ca.|PERFORM Center, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, PY 170-14, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada. jp.gouin@concordia.ca.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gouin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Robbie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.affiliation: Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.|Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Malarkey
mesh_terms: D000069586:Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events / Q000523:psychology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055500:Resilience, Psychological
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Adverse Childhood Experience; Early Life Adversity; Meaningful Engagement; Meso Scale Discovery; Perceive Stress Scale