title: Bioaccumulation and the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 genes in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) exposed to difenoconazole.
abstract: This study was conducted to assess the effects of difenoconazole (DFZ), a triazole fungicide, on the hepatic biotransformation system and its bioaccumulation in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Fish were exposed to DFZ (1, 10, 100, 1000ng/L) for 180days. The results showed that: (1) The mRNA levels of hepatic CYP1A1, CYP1B, CYP1C1, CYP27B and CYP3A40 were up-regulated, but those of CYP3A38 and CYP27A1 were down-regulated. (2) The activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the liver were increased in the DFZ-treated groups, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased in the 100 and 1000ng/L groups. (3) DFZ was accumulated in the muscle and the biological concentration factors in the 10, 100, and 1000ng/L groups were respectively 149, 81 and 25. These results suggested that long-term exposure to DFZ at low concentrations would result in a bioaccumulation of this compound and disturb the biotransformation system.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China. Electronic address: waterany@qq.com.
authors.forename: Lemeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
authors.forename: Xiaocui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
authors.forename: Chonggang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
authors.forename: Zhenghong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China. Electronic address: mengchen@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004148:Dioxolanes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009990:Oryzias / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014230:Triazoles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D004148:Dioxolanes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014230:Triazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C115058:difenoconazole; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Biotransformation system; Difenoconazole; Marine fish; Pesticide