title: Synthesis and enhanced bone regeneration of carbonate substituted octacalcium phosphate.
abstract: Using a wet method, we have synthesized octacalcium phosphate carbonate, in which HPO42- in octacalcium phosphate is replaced with CO32-. The physical, crystal, and chemical properties of this new material were compared to octacalcium phosphate, Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite, and Ca-deficient carbonate apatite using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Surface roughness and morphology were also characterized, along with the ability to support proliferation and differentiation of MG63 cells, as measured by MTT and alkaline phosphatase assay. We found that octacalcium phosphate carbonate enhanced osteoblast proliferation more strongly than all other materials tested. Similarly, Ca-deficient carbonate apatite, a hydrolysate of octacalcium phosphate carbonate, stimulated osteoblast differentiation to a better extent than Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite, a carbonate-free hydrolysate of octacalcium phosphate. These results indicate that octacalcium phosphate carbonate has good biocompatibility and osteoconduction, and incorporation of carbonate into octacalcium phosphate and apatite enhances bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Developmental Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.|Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Donghe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Sosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Developmental Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyashin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagai
mesh_terms: D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002254:Carbonates; C022045:octacalcium phosphate
keywords: Octacalcium phosphate; bone regeneration; calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite; carbonate substitution; osteoblast