title: Bone resorptive activity in symptomatic and asymptomatic apical lesions of endodontic origin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to assess the levels and diagnostic accuracy of a set of bone resorption biomarkers, including TRAP-5, RANKL, and OPG in symptomatic and asymptomatic apical lesions and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apical tissues from symptomatic and asymptomatic apical periodontitis patients and periodontal ligaments from healthy teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons were processed for tissue homogenization and the levels of TRAP-5, RANKL, and OPG were determined by multiplex assay. Marker levels were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test, and diagnostic accuracy was analyzed with ROC curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher levels of RANKL, OPG, and RANKL/OPG ratio were determined in both types of apical lesions compared to healthy periodontal ligament, whereas higher TRAP-5 levels were found only in symptomatic apical lesions (p < 0.05). OPG, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG ratio showed diagnostic potential to identify apical lesions versus healthy controls (AUC = 0.69, p < 0.05); while TRAP-5 showed a potential to discriminate symptomatic versus asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AUC = 0.71, p < 0.05) and healthy controls (AUC = 0.83, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apical lesions showed higher RANKL and OPG levels than healthy tissues. TRAP-5 levels were the highest in symptomatic apical lesions, suggesting that these represent a progressive state, and showed diagnostic potential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinically symptomatic apical periodontitis might represent biologically progressive apical lesions based on TRAP5 levels. TRAP5 has diagnostic potential to identify these lesions, representing a candidate prognostic biomarker.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salinas-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garrido-Flores
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baeza
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huamán-Chipana
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Sesnich
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bologna
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vernal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. mhernandezrios@gmail.com.|Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile. mhernandezrios@gmail.com.|Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Av. Sergio Livingstone 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile. mhernandezrios@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8289-7314
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis*; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000473:pathology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000032:analysis*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; C000605510:ACP5 protein, human; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: Asymptomatic periapical periodontitis; Biomarkers; Bone resorption; OPG; RANKL; Symptomatic; TRAP