title: A Novel Spore Wall Protein from Antonospora locustae (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) Contributes to Sporulation.
abstract: Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites, existing in a wide variety of animal hosts. Here, we reported AlocSWP2, a novel protein identified from the spore wall of Antonospora locustae (formerly, Nosema locustae, and synonym, Paranosema locustae), containing four cysteines that are conserved among the homologues of several Microspodian pathogens in insects and mammals. AlocSWP2 was detected in the wall of mature spores via indirect immunofluorescence assay. In addition, immunocytochemistry localization experiments showed that the protein was observed in the wall of sporoblasts, sporonts, and meronts during sporulation within the host body, also in the wall of mature spores. AlocSWP2 was not detected in the fat body of infected locust until the 9th day after inoculating spores via RT-PCR experiments. Furthermore, the survival percentage of infected locusts injected with dsRNA of AlocSWP2 on the 15th, 16th, and 17th days after inoculation with microsporidian were significantly higher than those of infected locusts without dsRNA treatment. Conversely, the amount of spores in locusts infected with A. locustae after treated with RNAi AlocSWP2 was significantly lower than those of infected locusts without RNAi of this gene. This novel spore wall protein from A. locustae may be involved in sporulation, thus contributing to host mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China.
authors.forename: Longxin
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4489-2234
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China.
authors.forename: Runting
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|Bio-tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Yinwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006110:Grasshoppers / Q000382:microbiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016814:Microsporidia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins
keywords: Locust; RNAi; SWP