title: The efficacy of modified luteal phase support with intramuscular progesterone in IVF/ICSI cycles: a retrospective observational study.
abstract: The use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for ovulation triggering has become an intriguing topic in the last few years. As long as adequate luteal phase support is provided, it may be a valuable alternative to standard hCG triggering, associated with a significant reduction in OHSS incidence. Several luteal phase support options have been proposed, but few studies have addressed the issue of the appropriate route for progesterone administration to women triggered with GnRHa. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of GnRHa triggering on IVF/ICSI outcomes, using modified luteal phase support with intramuscular progesterone.
  
  
  
  A retrospective study was carried out between January 2014 and December 2015, comparing the reproductive outcome in GnRHa triggered women given modified luteal phase support with intramuscular progesterone (Group A) with the outcome in women triggered with standard hCG (Group B) in IVF/ICSI cycles.
  
  
  
  200 (Group A n = 100; Group B n = 100) consecutive normoresponder women were included. No differences with respect to Age, BMI, basal FSH, basal Estradiol and infertility diagnosis were observed between groups. Increased numbers of retrieved oocytes (8.1 ± 3.3 versus 6.8 ± 3.5, p = 0.009) and mature oocytes (5.8 ± 2.6 versus 5.1 ± 2.7, p = 0.03) were detected in Group A compared with Group B. Implantation, biochemical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates were similar.
  
  
  
  Our findings confirmed that the GnRHa triggering strategy is associated with increased number of oocytes retrieved and of mature oocytes even in normoresponder women. Moreover, in these patients, the use of intramuscular progesterone during luteal phase support achieved satisfactory IVF outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. confale@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conforti
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Strina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mollo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amoroso
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marrone
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alviggi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Placido
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008183:Luteal Phase; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone