title: The Pain and Pride of 'Angel Mothers': Disappointments and Desires Around Reproductive Loss in Romania.
abstract: In this article, I highlight how Romanian women make sense of the losses of pregnancies and babies. Based on 15 months of fieldwork in a Transylvanian town, and on interviews with and observations among 'angel mothers' (women who have lost unborn or live-born children) in the Romanian capital Bucharest, I discuss the disappointments and desires that surface when reproduction goes awry. The criticisms of these 'angel mothers' throw into sharp relief wider disappointments with biomedical, political, and religious establishments, and continuing social struggles in postcommunist Romania. Although women's personal predicaments are thus deeply connected to broader structural shortcomings, their coping strategies are highly intimate and nonpolitical. Women focus on creating a spiritual bond between themselves and their lost babies-one that transcends the hardships of earthly life and makes women proud to be the mothers of little angels.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Anthropology , University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van der Sijpt
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D060432:Anthropology, Medical; D005260:Female; D006117:Grief; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality / Q000208:ethnology*; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D011057:Politics; D012067:Religion; D012383:Romania / Q000208:ethnology
keywords: Romania; grief; health care; politics; religion; reproductive loss