title: Supplementation of cow milk naturally enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols to growing rats.
abstract: This study investigated whether intake of cow milk, naturally enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, omega-3) and polyphenols (from propolis extract and vitamin E), from manipulation of cow's diet, would result in positive metabolic effects in rats from weaning until adulthood. Male Wistar rats were fed a standard chow diet or a hypercaloric diet (metabolically disturbed rats, obese) which was supplemented with either whole common milk, milk enriched with PUFA (PUFA-M) or milk enriched with PUFA and polyphenols (PUFA/P-M), at 5mL/kg body weight,having water as control. Whole milk supplementation increased initial weight gain and reduced gain in the adulthood of rats. Intake of common milk reduced cholesterol levels in non-obese rats and reduced insulin resistance in obese rats. PUFA-milk showed a decreasing effect on plasma triacylglycerol and VLDL concentrations, increasing plasma HDL concentration and reducing adipocyte size of non-obese rats, but no effect was observed in obese rats. PUFA/P-milk in obese rats resulted in greater deposition of muscle mass and mesenteric fat, with a tendency to lower LDL levels, and resulted a visceral fat accumulation in non-obese rats. Thus, whole common milk and PUFA-rich milk have shown to be beneficial in a normal metabolic condition, whereas common milk and milk enriched with PUFA and polyphenols improve metabolic effects of obesity.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nadine W
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0996-8213
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emerson H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cecília E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mareze-Costa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Agustinho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucelia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nilton A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zeoula
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001835:Body Weight; D002417:Cattle; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D059808:Polyphenols