title: An Assessment of the Impact of Multimedia, Technology-Based Learning Tools on the Cardiac Auscultation Skills of Third-Year Medical Students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have shown that medical students and post-graduate trainees need to improve their proficiency in cardiac auscultation. Technologic advances have created new learner-centered opportunities to enhance proficiency in this important physical examination skill.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine if technology-based, self-directed learning tools improved the cardiac auscultation skills of third-year medical students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen (16) third-year medical (M3) students were exposed to three educational inter-ventions: a one-hour cardiac auscultation lecture that featured computer-generated heart sounds, a PDA-based heart sounds/murmur form and a web-based cardiac auscultation program. Thirteen (13) internal medicine (IM) residents who served as a comparison group attended a cardiac auscultation lecture identical in content and format to the student lecture. At the end of the study period, we evaluated the ability of both groups to accurately identify heart sounds and cardiac murmurs via a twelve-item performance-based examination utilizing computer-generated heart sounds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following our teaching interventions, findingsM3 students correctly identified 80% of the computer-simulated heart sounds/murmurs while the comparison group of IM residents accurately detected 60% of the same cardiac findings (p<. 005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of traditional lecture and multi-media, technology-based, self-directed learning tools appears to be an effective and efficient strategy for teaching and reinforcing cardiac auscultation skills to third year medical students.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine Division of General Internal Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin.|c Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center Milwaukee , Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Dario M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Torre
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine Division of General Internal Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Kurt J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine Division of General Internal Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Geoffrey C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.affiliation: d Medical student Medical College of Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medicine Division of General Internal Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin.|c Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center Milwaukee , Wisconsin.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sebastian
authors.affiliation: b The Office of Educational Services Medical College of Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Deborah E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Simpson