title: Gestational age at diagnosis of early-onset fetal growth restriction and impact on management and survival: a population-based cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of gestational age (GA) at diagnosis of fetal growth restriction (FGR) on obstetric management and rates of live birth and survival for very preterm infants with early-onset FGR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All maternity units in 25 French regions in 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetuses diagnosed with FGR before 28 weeks of gestation among singleton births between 22 and 31 weeks of gestation without severe congenital anomalies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the effects of GA at diagnosis on perinatal management and outcomes. We used multivariable regression to identify antenatal factors (maternal characteristics, ultrasound measurements and sex) associated with the probability of live birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Live birth and survival to discharge from neonatal care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 436 of 3698 fetuses were diagnosed with FGR before 28 weeks (11.8%); 66.9% were live born and 54.4% survived to discharge. 50% were live born when diagnosis occurred before 25 weeks, 66% at 25 weeks and >90% at 26 and 27 weeks of gestation. In all, 94.1% of live births were by prelabour caesarean, principally for maternal indications before 26 weeks. Low GA at diagnosis, an estimated fetal weight or abdominal circumference below the third centile and male sex were adversely associated with live birth in adjusted models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gestational age at FGR diagnosis had an impact on the probability of live birth and survival, after consideration of other perinatal characteristics. Investigations of the outcomes of births with early-onset FGR need to include stillbirths and information on the GA at which FGR is diagnosed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluations of active management of pregnancies with early onset growth restriction should include stillbirths.
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Antoine Beclere Maternity Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Paris University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Monier
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: P-Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Ancel
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Clinical Research Centre (CICO3), Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ego
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guellec
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatal Medicine and Intensive Care Unit of Port-Royal, Cochin University Hospital, AP-HP, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris, France.
authors.forename: P-H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Jarreau
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.|Port-Royal Maternity Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cochin University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goffinet
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeitlin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D005602:France; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D050498:Live Birth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality
keywords: Diagnosis; fetal growth restriction; perinatal outcomes; very preterm birth