title: Role of the Health Department in Tuberculosis Prevention and Control-Legal and Public Health Considerations.
abstract: Because tuberculosis is caused by an infectious organism that is spread from person to person through the air, public health measures are essential to control the disease. There are three priority strategies for tuberculosis prevention and control in the United States: (i) identifying and treating persons who have tuberculosis disease; (ii) finding persons exposed to infectious tuberculosis patients, evaluating them for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease, and providing subsequent treatment, if appropriate; and (iii) testing populations at high risk for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and treating those persons who are infected to prevent progression to disease. These strategies for prevention and control of tuberculosis are discussed in a framework containing the following important topics: historical and epidemiological context of tuberculosis control, organization of public health tuberculosis control programs, legal basis for public health authority, conducting overall planning and development of policy, identifying persons who have clinically active tuberculosis, evaluation of immigrants, managing persons who have or who are suspected of having disease, medical consultation, interjurisdictional referrals, identifying and managing persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, providing laboratory and diagnostic services, collecting and analyzing data, and providing training and education. This chapter describes the role of the health department in the context of these components. This discussion is primarily applicable to tuberculosis prevention and control programs in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jeffries
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lobue
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: Terence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chorba
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: Beverly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Metchock
authors.affiliation: Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: Ijaz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kashef
mesh_terms: D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011635:Public Health Administration / Q000379:methods*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014483:United States Dept. of Health and Human Services