title: Effects of cafeteria diet and high fat diet intake on anxiety, learning and memory in adult male rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of cafeteria and high fat diets were investigated on animal models of behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were treated with Control (C), Cafeteria (CD) and High Fat (FD) diets and tested in the Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM) and Morris Water Maze (MWM) procedures. Body weight, length, abdominal circumference, retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissues were recorded. Physical parameters, weight of tissues, EPM, and MWM data were subjected to ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls test (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences on weight and length parameters between CD and C rats up to 98 days of age. However, abdominal circumferences were higher in CD as compared to C at 35 and 70 days of age, respectively, the 5th and the 7th weeks. FD presented lower measures of weight and abdominal circumference; nevertheless there was an increase on those parameters at the end of the nutritional treatment. Even without an apparent weight gain of CD and FD these animals presented a greater accumulation of retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissues. In addition, CD and FD demonstrated behaviors that can suggest lower anxiety. CD showed a better learning performance and FD showed better recall of previous learned information in the memory retention test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to those data it was concluded that hypercaloric diet ingestion was capable of triggering metabolic alterations and possibly lowering anxiety associated to learning or memory improvement on a spatial task.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Nutrition and behavior , FFLCLRP, University of São Paulo , Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto , SP 14040-901 , Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Tavares Beschizza
authors.initials: RTB
authors.lastname: Pini
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Nutrition and behavior , FFLCLRP, University of São Paulo , Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto , SP 14040-901 , Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas Duarte Manhas
authors.initials: LDM
authors.lastname: Ferreira do Vales
authors.affiliation: b Nutrition Course , UNAERP, University of Ribeirão Preto , Avenida Costabile Romano, 2201, Ribeirão Preto , SP 14096-900 , Brazil.
authors.forename: Telma Maria
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Braga Costa
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Nutrition and behavior , FFLCLRP, University of São Paulo , Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto , SP 14040-901 , Brazil.
authors.forename: Sebastião Sousa
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001835:Body Weight; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D008568:Memory; D009765:Obesity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015430:Weight Gain
keywords: Anxiety; Cafeteria diet; Fat diet; Learning; Memory