title: Disorders of serum omega-3 fatty acid composition in dialyzed patients, and their associations with fat mass.
abstract: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Lipid disorders, a constant feature of CKD, might contribute to this state. The aim of this study was to evaluate n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) composition in CKD patients treated with dialysis, in comparison to the general population and to assess possible associations between the n-3 PUFA profile and anthropometric variables. Thirty-three prevalent dialysis patients were studied and compared with an age- and sex-adjusted control group of 22 patients. Fatty acid composition in serum was analyzed by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS) and anthropometric measures were assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy. The fatty acid profile of dialyzed patients was characterized by a significantly lower percentage content of n-3 PUFA. For α-linolenic acid (ALA), it was 0.21 ± 0.09% in dialysis patients versus 0.33 ± 0.11% in the control group (p < .001). For eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), 0.59 ± 0.23% versus 1.15 ± 0.87% (p < .001), and for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1.11 ± 0.50% versus 1.75 ± 0.87% (p < .001), respectively. The amount of n-3 PUFA decreased with time on dialysis and it correlated positively with body fat mass. For DHA, this correlation was r = .48 (p < .01) and for EPA r = .40 (p < .05). Patients with CKD have a relatively low content of n-3 PUFA which may contribute to their high cardiovascular risk. Patients with a higher content of body fat are characterized by a favorable fatty acid composition.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sikorska-Wiśniewska
authors.affiliation: b Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mika
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Śledziński
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.|d Department of Clinical Nutrition , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Małgorzewicz
authors.affiliation: b Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stepnowski
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Bolesław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rutkowski
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chmielewski
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D001823:Body Composition; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; lipid disorders; peritoneal dialysis