title: Kinetic Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation Compared With Other Formulas for Evaluating Acute Kidney Injury Stage Early After Kidney Donation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Kinetic glomerular filtration rate estimation may have more power and versatility than the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease or Cockcroft-Gault formula for evaluating kidney function when plasma creatinine fluctuates rapidly. After kidney donation, glomerular filtration rate rapidly fluctuates in otherwise healthy patients. We compared 3 formulas for estimating glomerular filtration rate: kinetic, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, and Cockcroft-Gault, for determining stages of acute kidney injury early after kidney donation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 42 living kidney donors, we measured serum creatinine, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and glomerular filtration rates before uninephrectomy and 3 days afterward. To estimate glomerular filtration rate, we used Cockcroft-Gault, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, and kinetic equations. We sought the most accurate formula for staging acute kidney injury according to the risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The kinetic glomerular filtration rate model found more cases of stage 3 acute kidney injury than did the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease or Cockcroft-Gault formula. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the kinetic glomerular filtration rate model had more sensitivity and specificity than the Cockroft-Gault formula for discriminating among risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage criteria stages of acute kidney injury, based on serum creatinine changes. On day 2 after donation, a more sensitive marker with a shorter half-life (serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) was more significantly correlated with kinetic glomerular filtration rate estimation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The kinetic glomerular filtration rate model was able to discriminate stages of acute kidney injury early after kidney donation according to risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage criteria better than the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease or Cockcroft-Gault formulas. The kinetic model detected failure-stage acute kidney injury ≥ 1 to 2 days earlier than the MDRD formula, CG formula detected no failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hekmat
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eshraghi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esmailpour
authors.forename: Golnaz Ghayyem
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Hassankhani
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D007700:Kinetics; D000071068:Lipocalin-2 / Q000097:blood; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D003404:Creatinine