title: Hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increasing prevalence of hyperglycaemia implicates a state of oxidative stress and inflammation. Traditional and emerging biomarkers associated with increasing hyperglycaemia were assessed to clarify their role they play in hyperglycaemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  309 participants attending a rural diabetic screening program were categorised into control and quintile groups based upon glucose levels: 1st quintile - <4.5 mmol/L and 4th, 5th quintile - >6.1 mmol/L. Significant results were obtained for anthropometric data and biochemical markers - glucose, HbA1c and total cholesterol (P < 0.001); oxidative stress: glutathione (P < 0.001), glutathione:glutathione disulfide and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (P < 0.05). Interleukin -1β and inflammatory marker ratios IL-6/IL-10, IL-1β/IL-10, MCP-1/IL-10, IGF-1/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-1β were significant (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provided further evidence that inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers may contribute to diagnostic information associated with preclinical increases in BGL. Further we have provided a unique study in the analysis of ratios of inflammatory biomarkers and correlations with increasing BGL.
authors.affiliation: a School of Community Health , Charles Sturt University , Albury , Australia.
authors.forename: Eugene G
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4308-0843
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Butkowski
authors.affiliation: a School of Community Health , Charles Sturt University , Albury , Australia.|b School of Medicine , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.|c Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.
authors.forename: Herbert F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Jelinek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D016753:Interleukin-10; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; C583557:IGF1 protein, human
keywords: 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; body mass index; cardiovascular disease; glutathione; glutathione disulphide; impaired fasting glucose; insulin like growth factor 1; interleukin 10; interleukin 1β; interleukin-6; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; oxidative stress; prediabetes; risk factors