title: Efficacy of Natural and Allopathic Antimicrobial Agents Incorporated onto Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane Against Periodontal Pathogens: An in vitro Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent afflictions worldwide. It is an infection of the periodontium as a result of subgingival colonization of the specific microbiota, leading to loss of attachment, which requires optimal care for regeneration to its pre-disease state. Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) is one of the successful treatment modalities in Periodontal Regenerative Therapy, but is vulnerable to bacterial colonization. The conflict between usage of classical antibiotics and plant origin antimicrobial agents has recently been in the limelight.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of amoxicillin, metronidazole and green coffee extract loaded onto GTR membrane against periodonto-pathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pure form of amoxicillin, metronidazole and green coffee extract were obtained. One percent concentration of each antimicrobial agent was prepared by appropriate dilution with distilled water. GTR membrane was cut into a size of 1x0.5 cm under sterile conditions and was coated with the antimicrobial agents respectively and with distilled water as the negative control. Antimicrobial activity was checked againstAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans)andPorphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)using agar disc diffusion method. The statistical analysis was done using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One percent amoxicillin showed level of significance (p>0.05) against bothA. actinomycetemcomitansandP. gingivalis.Green coffee extract showed no zone of inhibition against both the bacterial species.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Loading of commercially available antimicrobial agents onto GTR membrane can prevent its bacterial colonization leading to better treatment outcomes for periodontal regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences , Secunderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mehrotra
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Periodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences , Secunderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reddy Palle
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Periodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences , Secunderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Rajani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar Gedela
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Periodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences , Secunderabad, Telangana, India .
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasudevan
keywords: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Amoxicillin; Green Coffee extract; Metronidazole; Porphyromonas gingivalis