title: Sulfated glycosaminoglycans in bladder tissue and urine of rats after acute exposure to paraoxon and cyclophosphamide.
abstract: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the urine of Wistar rats, and on the surface of the epithelium and lamina propria of the bladder, were quantitatively assessed before and after acute intoxication with paraoxon or cyclophosphamide. Paraoxon was administered subcutaneously (s.c.) twice with an interval of 1h to a final dose of 275mg/kg; cyclophosphamide was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a single dose of 100mg/kg or to a final dose of 240mg/kg (three times per 80mg/kg every 12h). GAGs on the surface of the epithelium and lamina propria of the urinary bladder of rats were quantitatively determined by Alcian blue dye staining. GAGs in the urine were determined spectrophotometrically with 1-9-dimethyl methylene blue. By 48-96h after intoxication with either paraoxon or cyclophosphamide, statistically significant increases in the concentration of GAGs were obtained both for the tissues of the bladder and the urine of rats. Cyclophosphamide, in contrast to paraoxon, caused the development of hemorrhagic cystitis in the animals. The synthesis of GAGs is considered to be compensatory response to the toxic xenobiotics.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Vladislav E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Sobolev
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
authors.forename: Richard O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia. Electronic address: ngoncharov@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nikolay V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Goncharov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D009153:Mutagens; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D010261:Paraoxon
keywords: Cyclophosphamide; Cystitis; Glycosaminoglycans; Paraoxon; Urinary bladder