title: Chemically induced hypoxia promotes differential outcomes over preadipocyte- or adipocyte-macrophage communication.
abstract: Expansion of white adipose tissue induce insufficient vascularization, driving hypoxia and low-grade inflammation. Resident preadipocytes are thought to be involved. We evaluated the effects of hypoxia over preadipocytes and adipocytes, to determine which cellular type impacts the most over macrophages activation. 3T3-L1 cells were either differentiated, or maintained undifferentiated. Each group was subjected to the presence or absence of chemical hypoxia (200 μM CoCl2) for 24 h. Conditioned media were used as treatment for murine RAW264.7 macrophages for 24 h. Gene expression of HIF-1α and TNF-α, and the release of several markers were assessed. It was observed that culture media from hypoxic preadipocytes induced greater expression of inflammatory markers and NO release than culture media from hypoxic adipocytes, by macrophages. Gene expression correlated closer with inflammatory markers release specially on macrophages treated with conditioned media from preadipocytes. Hence, the present work highlights the importance of preadipocytes on inflammatory conditions in vitro.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Avila-George
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramos-Olivares
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vasquez-Munoz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Villanueva-Morales
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reyes-Farias
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gastroenterology , Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile , Santiago , Chile , and.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.affiliation: c Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Garcia-Diaz
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003035:Cobalt / Q000494:pharmacology; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; C497443:Hif1a protein, mouse; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D003035:Cobalt; C018021:cobaltous chloride
keywords: HIF-1α; inflammation; obesity