title: An injectable, biodegradable calcium phosphate cement containing poly lactic-co-glycolic acid as a bone substitute in ex vivo human vertebral compression fracture and rabbit bone defect models.
abstract: Purpose/Aim of the study: To evaluate the biomechanical characteristics and biocompatibility of an injectable, biodegradable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) containing poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA).
  
  
  
  A vertebral compression fracture model was established using 20 human cadaveric vertebrae (T11-L3) divided into CPC/PLGA composite versus PMMA groups for biomechanical testing. In addition, 35 New Zealand rabbits were used to evaluate biodegradability and osteoconductive properties of CPC/PLGA using a bone defect model. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by culturing with L929 cells.
  
  
  
  The CPC/PLGA composite effectively restored vertebral biomechanical properties. Compared with controls, the maximum load and compression strength of the CPC/PLGA group were lower, and stiffness was lower after kyphoplasty (all p <.05). Degradation was much slower in the control CPC compared with CPC/PLGA group. The bone tissue percentage in the CPC/PLGA group (44.9 ± 23.7%) was significantly higher compared with control CPC group (25.7 ± 10.9%) (p <.05). The viability of cells cultured on CPC/PLGA was greater than 70% compared with the blanks.
  
  
  
  Our biodegradable CPC/PLGA composite showed good biomechanical properties, cytocompatibility, and osteoconductivity and may represent an ideal bone substitute for future applications.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China.|b Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5775-9670
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: c Division of Joint Surgery, Orthopedics Department , The Meizhou People's Hospital , Meizhou , China.
authors.forename: Hong-Xing
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: d Gangwang Hospital , Guangzhou Medical College , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Hua-Zhang
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Zi-Ji
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: e Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Jian-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Wei-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D050815:Fractures, Compression / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; C020243:calcium phosphate
keywords: Biomechanics; calcium phosphate cement; cytocompatibility; degradation; experimental study