title: ADHD and nonsuicidal self-injury in male veterans with and without PTSD.
abstract: The objective of the present research was to examine the association between ADHD symptoms and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in male Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans with and without PTSD. Approximately 25% of veterans screened positive for clinically-significant levels of ADHD. Male veterans with PTSD were significantly more likely to report ADHD symptoms than male veterans without PTSD. In addition, as expected, ADHD was strongly associated with NSSI, even after accounting for the effects of demographic variables, PTSD, depression, and alcohol use disorder. Future work aimed at replicating and extending these findings in longitudinal studies of veterans is needed.
authors.affiliation: VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: Nathan.Kimbrel@va.gov.
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kimbrel
authors.affiliation: University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Laura C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, USA; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA; Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, USA; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA; Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Bryann B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: DeBeer
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Silvia
authors.affiliation: University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Kim L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Gratz
authors.affiliation: VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; VA Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.affiliation: VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Beckham
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Morissette
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; NSSI; Nonsuicidal self-injury; Posttraumatic stress disorder