title: Memory Alterations and White Matter Hyperintensities in Elderly Patients With Hypertension: The ADELAHYDE-2 Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The longitudinal ADELAHYDE-2 study aims to identify the factors associated with cognitive impairment/decline and white matter hyperintensities burden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal single-center study comprising two visits separated by approximately 7 years. A total of 131 patients completed the two visits. The primary outcome was global memory composite scale, while the secondary outcome was white matter hyperintensities (WMH/Fazekas scale) load.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Global memory at visit 2 (V2) was largely influenced by age, smoking status, glycated hemoglobin, and history of stroke already present at visit 1 (V1). These variables accounted for ∼51% of the memory alterations at V2. WMH at V2 was likely influenced by age, left ventricular hypertrophy, diabetes mellitus, carotid intima-media thickness, and body mass index at V1. These findings accounted for ∼37% of the WMH changes at V2. Increase in pulse wave velocity from V1 to V2 showed a trend for association with memory deterioration (adjusted estimates = 0.06; P = .067), whereas smoking and increase in systolic blood pressure (trend) were associated with an increment in WMH (adjusted estimates = 0.49; P = .047 and adjusted estimates = 0.01; P = .08, respectively). On the other hand, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers and statins (trend) were likely to be protective (adjusted estimates for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers = -0.49; P = .049, and adjusted estimates for statins = -0.46; P = .055).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several readily identifiable factors are associated with memory deterioration and WMH, many of which are potentially modifiable. Interventions aimed to control these risk factors need to be tested prospectively in order to assess their cognitive protective value.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: João Pedro
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; Service de Gériatrie, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kearney Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Service de Gériatrie, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Ghassan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watfa
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Lamiral
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zohra
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; INSERM, U947, IADI, Nancy, F-54000, France, Département de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Interventionnelle, Pôle Imagerie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Felblinger
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; Département de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Interventionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bracard
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; U947, INSERM, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hossu
authors.affiliation: CHRU Nancy, Nuclear Medicine & Nancyclotep Experimental Imaging Platform, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verger
authors.affiliation: Service de Gériatrie, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France; INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Faiez
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zannad
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rossignol
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; Service de Gériatrie, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France; INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France. Electronic address: a.benetos@chru-nancy.fr.
authors.forename: Athanase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benetos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D066127:White Matter / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: Memory alterations; predictors and associations; risk factors; white matter hyperintensities