title: Dietary Patterns Among Overweight and Obese African-American Women Living in the Rural South.
abstract: Obesity and chronic diseases disproportionately affect African-American women in the rural South (US) and may be influenced by adherence to a typical Southern-style diet. There is a need to examine dietary patterns of this population and to determine if consumption of nutritionally rich foods like nuts is associated with consumption of other nutritious foods. The objectives of this study were to identify (1) dietary patterns of overweight/obese African-American women in the rural South; (2) the role that nuts play in the diet; (3) and adherence to federal food group recommendations across dietary patterns.
  
  
  
  Secondary data analysis of two baseline 24-h dietary recalls was performed on 383 overweight/obese African-American women enrolled in a weight loss intervention in Alabama and Mississippi between 2011 and 2013. Cluster analysis identified dietary patterns. t tests and chi-square tests tested demographic and dietary differences across clusters. The proportion of women in each cluster who met federal recommendations for fruit, vegetable, nuts, added sugar, and sodium intake was calculated.
  
  
  
  Two dietary patterns were found. Nut intake frequency was higher in cluster 2 (P < .001), which was characterized by a higher intake frequency of fruits and vegetables, but high mean daily intake of added sugar (12.26 ± 7.67 tsp) and sodium (2800 ± 881 mg). Ninety-two percent of participants in this cluster consumed red/processed meats daily.
  
  
  
  Even among women in this population who consume a more plant-based dietary pattern containing nuts, there is still a need to decrease intake of added sugar, sodium, and red meat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb 449 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3361, USA. sterlins@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Samara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, RPHB 327, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Judd
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb 534 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MT 639 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-4410, USA.
authors.forename: Tiffany L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb 413 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chandler-Laney
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MT 618 1717 11th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-4410, USA.
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Baskin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009754:Nuts; D050177:Overweight; D012424:Rural Population; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: African-American; Diet patterns; Nuts; Rural health; Women