title: Circulating syndecans during critical illness.
abstract: Circulating syndecans are proposed to be markers of glycocalyx degradation and previous investigations have found higher plasma levels of syndecan-1 among patients with different pathological conditions. We wanted to investigate if levels of other syndecans (-2,-3 and -4) are altered during critical illness and compare the levels to syndecan-1. In 137 consecutive intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis, cardiac arrest, gastrointestinal bleeding, intoxication or trauma, plasma levels of syndecan-1, -2, -3 and -4 were measured using ELISA. Syndecan-1 and syndecan-3 levels were similar among the different ICU patient groups but higher than controls. No differences in plasma levels of syndecan-2 or syndecan-4 were found neither among the different ICU patient groups nor compared to controls. All syndecans showed an association with mortality and the levels of syndecan-1 and -3 and correlated with each other. The results indicate that syndecan release is triggered by the physiological stress of critical illness in general and involves several subtypes such as syndecan-1 and syndecan-3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Halland Hospital Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Unit of Research, Education and Development - Östersund, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Unit of Research, Education and Development - Östersund, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tydén
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bodelsson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016638:Critical Illness; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D053667:Syndecans / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D053667:Syndecans
keywords: Syndecan; critical illness; glycocalyx