title: Glucose Metabolism in the Progression of Prostate Cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in western country males but the mechanisms involved in the transformation processes have not been clearly elucidated. Alteration in cellular metabolism in cancer cells is recognized as a hallmark of malignant transformation, although it is becoming clear that the biological features of metabolic reprogramming not only differ in different cancers, but also among different cells in a type of cancer. Normal prostate epithelial cells have a peculiar and very inefficient energy metabolism as they use glucose to synthesize citrate that is secreted as part of the seminal liquid. During the transformation process, prostate cancer cells modify their energy metabolism from inefficient to highly efficient, often taking advantage of the interaction with other cell types in the tumor microenvironment that are corrupted to produce and secrete metabolic intermediates used by cancer cells in catabolic and anabolic processes. We recapitulate the metabolic transformations occurring in the prostate from the normal cell to the metastasis, highlighting the role of the microenvironment and summarizing what is known on the molecular mechanisms involved in the process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cutruzzolà
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giardina
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macone
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paiardini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rinaldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paone
keywords: Warburg effect; inflammation; metabolism; microenvironment; prostate cancer