title: Unilateral absence of an external jugular vein in two English bulldogs with pulmonary valve stenosis.
abstract: Two English bulldogs referred for interventional palliation of severe pulmonary valve stenosis were incidentally diagnosed with unilateral absence of an external jugular vein (left in one case, right in the other) by computed tomography and Doppler ultrasound. The right internal jugular vein also could not be visualized in the dog with absence of the left external jugular vein. Cervical venous anomalies can impact diagnostic or interventional venous catheterization procedures such as balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty. Additionally, absence of an external jugular vein may impact central venous catheter placement. Absence of an external jugular vein should be considered in dogs when the external jugular vein cannot be easily palpated. Ultrasound or computed tomography may help identify jugular venous anatomy and confirm anomalies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 601 Vernon L Tharp St., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Chapel
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 601 Vernon L Tharp St., Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Electronic address: Brian.Scansen@colostate.edu.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Scansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004285:Dogs; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000662:veterinary
keywords: Canine; Catheterization; Interventional radiology; Truncular aplasia; Vascular anomaly