title: Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in a Turkish community.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, enzyme types, and risk factors affecting colonization.
  
  
  
  A total of 576 stool samples from outpatients were examined between October 2012 and May 2013. Screening was done with selective EMB plates. ESBL were detected by double-disk synergy and confirmed agar strip gradient methods. Enzyme types were determined by PCR.
  
  
  
  The prevalence of fecal carriage was found as 30% (173 of 576). Recent use of antibiotics, hospitalization and surgical operation, diabetes, crowded household populations, and old age were associated with higher carriage rates. Of the ESBL-producing bacteria, 87.5% were positive for blaCTX-Mgenes. Of the blaCTX-Mgene-positive isolates, 95.2% were positive for blaCTX-M-1genes; among these, 82.2% were positive for blaCTX-M-3and 67.7% were positive for blaCTX-M-15genes while 62.5% isolates were positive for both blaCTX-M-3and blaCTX-M-15genes Conclusions: A high rate (30%) of fecal carriage of ESBL bacteria was found in an adult population. The predominant beta-lactamase enzyme types were CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Çakir Erdoğan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Füsun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cömert
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Şişli Etfal Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aktaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fürüzan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Köktürk
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Külah
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007709:Klebsiella / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D001618:beta-Lactamases