title: Use of electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation in reproductive medicine: a group consensus.
abstract: With the rapid development of assisted reproductive technology, various reproductive disorders have been effectively addressed. Acupuncture-like therapies, including electroacupuncture (EA) and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), become more popular world-wide. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that EA and TEAS are effective in treating gynecological disorders, especially infertility. This present paper describes how to select acupoints for the treatment of infertility from the view of theories of traditional Chinese medicine and how to determine critical parameters of electric pulses of EA/TEAS based on results from animal and clinical studies. It summarizes the principles of clinical application of EA/TEAS in treating various kinds of reproductive disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pain induced by oocyte retrieval, diminished ovarian reserve, embryo transfer, and oligospermia/ asthenospermia. The possible underlying mechanisms mediating the therapeutic effects of EA/TEAS in reproductive medicine are also examined.
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital / Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education / Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, the Second Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, CITIC Xiangya Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University / Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences / Peking University Health Science Center / Key Lab for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University / Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences / Peking University Health Science Center / Key Lab for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Gang
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital / Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education / Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, CITIC Xiangya Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510655, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Yin
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Li-Ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital / Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education / Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.|Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University / Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences / Peking University Health Science Center / Key Lab for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, Beijing 100083, China.|Center of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.|Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.|Wuxi HANS Therapy Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214092, China.
authors.forename: Song-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University / Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences / Peking University Health Science Center / Key Lab for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000698:Analgesia; D000818:Animals; D053627:Asthenozoospermia / Q000628:therapy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015671:Electroacupuncture / Q000379:methods*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy; D007668:Kidney; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000628:therapy; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology; D065851:Ovarian Reserve; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D018456:Reproductive Medicine; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D014599:Uterus
keywords: Electroacupuncture (EA); Group consensus; Reproductive medicine; Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS)