title: Hepatoprotective effect of Maytenus robusta Reiss extract on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and HepG2 cells.
abstract: We investigated the hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract from Maytenus robusta leaves in mice and HepG2 cells. The administration of CCl4in mice promoted a deep destruction of the histological lobular structure and increased the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum levels by 46.25% compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The M. robusta extract reduced the hepatic histological changes and normalization the ALT levels. The antioxidant effect of M. robusta in liver tissue promoted the reduction in 31.5% on lipoperoxides levels (p < 0.05), increased by 101.5% the reduced glutathione content (p < 0.05) and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase by 21.3% (p < 0.05), 49.3% (p < 0.05), and 27.6% (p < 0.05), respectively, compared with the vehicle group. Moreover, the extract reduced hepatic inflammation by diminishing myeloperoxidase activity, TNF and interleukin-6 levels by 29.4% (p < 0.05), 46.1% (p < 0.01), and 59.5% (p < 0.0001), respectively, compared with the vehicle group. The viability of HepG2 cells after incubation with CCl4was 29.56± 3.07%, whereas the extract (300 μg/mL) restored the viability to 65.27± 8.75% and aspartate aminotransferase levels to 41.82 ± 4.41 U/L. The extract scavenged DPPH (IC50= 14.44 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50= 3.00 μg/mL) radicals and did not produce acute toxicity in mice at 2000 mg/kg. In conclusion, was confirmed the hepatoprotective potential of M. robusta by its antioxidant effects.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Liliani Carolini
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Thiesen
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, SC, Brazil; Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: lu.isamota@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Luisa Mota
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, SC, Brazil; Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Santin
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, SC, Brazil; Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tania Mari Bellé
authors.initials: TMB
authors.lastname: Bresolin
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, SC, Brazil; Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Faloni
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarissa de Medeiros
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Merlin
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rilton Alves
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, SC, Brazil; Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rivaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niero
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daisy Janice Aguilar
authors.initials: DJA
authors.lastname: Netz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D029755:Maytenus / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride
keywords: Acute toxicity; Hepatoprotective effect; Maytenus robusta leaves