title: The Antidiabetic Activity ofNigella sativaand Propolis on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats.
abstract: This study was conducted to compare the ameliorative effect ofNigella sativaand propolis methanol extract onstreptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats and treating diabetic nephropathy. Forty male Albino rats were divided into four groups; the first group was the negative control fed standard diet. The other 30 rats were injected withstreptozotocin to inducediabetes by a single intravenous injection and then divided equally into three groups; the second group was the positive diabetic control; the third and the fourth groups were treated orally with 20% w/wNigella sativaseeds methanol extract and propolis methanol extract (20% w/w), respectively. The rats of the second group showed increased glucose levels and lipid peroxide accompanied with reduction in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activities compared with the negative control. Carboxymethyl lysine, interleukin-6, and immunoglobulins were also increased as a result of diabetes. Kidney function parameters were also elevated, while potassium and sodium levels were decreased. Moreover, tissues of kidney and pancreas showed severe histopathological changes. Treating the diabetic rats withNigella sativaand propolis methanol extract in the third and fourth groups, respectively, ameliorated all altered biochemical and pathological examinations approaching the negative control. Propolis was more effective thanNigella sativa.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Monufia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Haddad A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4347-6864
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: El Rabey
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Madeha N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Al-Seeni
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Amal S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bakhashwain