title: Noninvasive Imaging in Adult Congenital Heart Disease.
abstract: Multimodality cardiovascular imaging plays a central role in caring for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). CHD clinicians and scientists are interested not only in cardiac morphology but also in the maladaptive ventricular responses and extracellular changes predisposing to adverse outcomes in this population. Expertise in the applications, strengths, and pitfalls of these cardiovascular imaging techniques as they relate to CHD is essential. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of cardiovascular imaging in CHD. We focus on the role of 3 widely used noninvasive imaging techniques in CHD-echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiac computed tomography. Consideration is given to the common goals of cardiac imaging in CHD, including assessment of structural and residual heart disease before and after surgery, quantification of ventricular volume and function, stress imaging, shunt quantification, and tissue characterization. Extracardiac imaging is highlighted as an increasingly important aspect of CHD care.
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada. burchilu@ohsu.edu.
authors.forename: Luke J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Burchill
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Justin T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Tretter
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Abigail M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Crean
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Gruschen R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Veldtman
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Sanjiv
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.affiliation: From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (L.J.B., A.M.K., S.K., C.S.B.), Doernbecher Children's Hospital (J.H.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (J.T.T., G.R.V.); Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, OH (A.M.C.); Department of Cardiology (A.M.C.) and Joint Department of Medical Imaging (A.M.C.), Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Broberg
mesh_terms: D057791:Cardiac Imaging Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans
keywords: echocardiography; goals magnetic resonance imaging; heart failure