title: Sampling Strategies for Three-Dimensional Spatial Community Structures in IBD Microbiota Research.
abstract: Identifying intestinal microbiota is arguably an important task that is performed to determine the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); thus, it is crucial to collect and analyze intestinally-associated microbiota. Analyzing a single niche to categorize individuals does not enable researchers to comprehensively study the spatial variations of the microbiota. Therefore, characterizing the spatial community structures of the inflammatory bowel disease microbiome is critical for advancing our understanding of the inflammatory landscape of IBD. However, at present there is no universally accepted consensus regarding the use of specific sampling strategies in different biogeographic locations. In this review, we discuss the spatial distribution when screening sample collections in IBD microbiota research. Here, we propose a novel model, a three-dimensional spatial community structure, which encompasses the x-, y-, and z-axis distributions; it can be used in some sampling sites, such as feces, colonoscopic biopsy, the mucus gel layer, and oral cavity. On the basis of this spatial model, this article also summarizes various sampling and processing strategies prior to and after DNA extraction and recommends guidelines for practical application in future research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin, China.
authors.forename: Shaocun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xiaocang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin, China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D064307:Microbiota; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*
keywords: IBD microbiota research; colonoscopic biopsy; community structure; feces; mucus gel layer; oral cavity; sampling strategies