title: SYNAPTIC DEPRESSION IN DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING.
abstract: A characteristic property of biological neurons is their ability to dynamically change the synaptic efficacy in response to variable input conditions. This mechanism, known as synaptic depression, significantly contributes to the formation of normalized representation of speech features. Synaptic depression also contributes to the robust performance of biological systems. In this paper, we describe how synaptic depression can be modeled and incorporated into deep neural network architectures to improve their generalization ability. We observed that when synaptic depression is added to the hidden layers of a neural network, it reduces the effect of changing background activity in the node activations. In addition, we show that when synaptic depression is included in a deep neural network trained for phoneme classification, the performance of the network improves under noisy conditions not included in the training phase. Our results suggest that more complete neuron models may further reduce the gap between the biological performance and artificial computing, resulting in networks that better generalize to novel signal conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027.
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027.
authors.forename: Hanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027.
authors.forename: Minda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027.
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mesgarani
keywords: deep learning; neural network; phoneme recognition; synaptic depression