title: Performance of two Picea abies (L.) Karst. stands at different stages of decline : VIII. Photosynthesis and nutrition under polluted and clean air conditions of Germany and New Zealand.
abstract: Photosynthetic rates and nutrient contents of spruce needles were measured in a region with high levels of air pollution in NE Bavaria, Germany (FRG), and compared to spruce grown under clean air conditions at Craigieburn, in the South Island of New Zealand (NZ). The absolute rates of CO2uptake, the slope of the CO2response curve at 240 μl l-1internal CO2concentration, and the change of photosynthetic rates with needle age at ambient and saturated CO2concentrations were virtually identical at both measuring sites. These results confirm an earlier conclusion, that there is no long-term effect of atmospheric pollutants directly on photosynthetic CO2uptake rates with persistent exposure at the FRG site to high levels of anthropogenic air pollution. Photosynthetic capacity at saturating CO2concentration was three times higher in the NZ spruce. Needles with high photosynthetic capacity in NZ had lower nitrogen and higher calcium concentrations per unit dry weight but higher concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium per unit leaf area, and twice the specific leaf weight.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl Pflanzenökologie, Universität Bayreuth, Postfach 101251, 8580, Bayreuth, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: E -D
authors.initials: E-
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.affiliation: Forest Research Institute, PO Box 31-011, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McCracken
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl Pflanzenökologie, Universität Bayreuth, Postfach 101251, 8580, Bayreuth, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.affiliation: Forest Research Institute, PO Box 31-011, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Benecke
keywords: Acid rain; Air pollution; Nutrition; Photosynthesis; Picea abies