title: National and State Trends in Sales of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes, U.S., 2011-2015.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, self-reported cigarette smoking has declined among youth and adults, while electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased. However, sales trends for these products are less certain. This study assessed national and state patterns of U.S. cigarette and e-cigarette unit sales.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trends in cigarette and e-cigarette unit sales were analyzed using retail scanner data from September 25, 2011 through January 9, 2016 for: (1) convenience stores; and (2) all other outlets combined, including supermarkets, mass merchandisers, drug, dollar, and club stores, and military commissaries (online, tobacco-only, and "vape" shops were not available). Data by store type were available for the total contiguous U.S. and 29 states; combined data were available for the remaining states, except Alaska, Hawaii, and DC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 2011-2015, cigarette sales exhibited a small, significant decrease; however, positive year-over-year growth occurred in convenience stores throughout most of 2015. E-cigarette unit sales significantly increased during 2011-2015, but year-over-year growth slowed and was occasionally negative. Cigarette unit sales exceeded e-cigarettes by 64:1 during the last 4-week period. During 2014-2015, cigarette sales increases occurred in 15 of 48 assessed states; e-cigarette sales increased in 18 states.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite overall declines during 2011-2015, cigarette sales in 2015 grew for the first time in a decade. E-cigarette sales growth was positive, but slowed over the study period in assessed stores. Cigarette sales continued to exceed e-cigarette sales, reinforcing the importance of efforts to reduce the appeal and accessibility of cigarettes and other combusted tobacco products.
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: vhy4@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Kristy L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Marynak
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Policy Science and Tobacco Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Doris G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Gammon
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Policy Science and Tobacco Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Brett R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Loomis
authors.affiliation: Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Erika B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Fulmer
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Teresa W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Policy Science and Tobacco Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003132:Commerce / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D040541:Marketing / Q000639:trends*; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States