title: Germ cell neoplasia in situ: The precursor cell for invasive germ cell tumors of the testis.
abstract: Germ cell neoplasia in situ is the non-invasive precursor cell of origin for type II testicular germ cell tumors. It has long been postulated that germ cell neoplasia in situ is derived from defective germ cell development during embryonic life, and although it is impossible to trace in vivo the progression from fetal germ cell to germ cell neoplasia in situ to tumor, there is a large volume of evidence supporting this theory. Current studies focus on understanding how germ cell neoplasia in situ forms, how these cells are activated at puberty and how they transform to invasive tumors of various subtypes. Such information is informing novel diagnostic and therapeutic options.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
authors.forename: Cassy M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Spiller
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. Electronic address: jo.bowles@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Josephine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bowles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Germ cell neoplasia in situ; Testicular germ cell tumor; Testis