title: Fundamental Limitation on Cooling under Classical Noise.
abstract: We prove a general theorem that the action of arbitrary classical noise or random unitary channels can not increase the maximum population of any eigenstate of an open quantum system, assuming initial system-environment factorization. Such factorization is the conventional starting point for descriptions of open system dynamics. In particular, our theorem implies that a system can not be ideally cooled down unless it is initially prepared as a pure state. The resultant inequality rigorously constrains the possibility of cooling the system solely through temporal manipulation, i.e., dynamical control over the system Hamiltonian without resorting to measurement based cooling methods. It is a substantial generalization of the no-go theorem claiming that the exact ground state cooling is forbidden given initial system-thermal bath factorization, while here we prove even cooling is impossible under classical noise.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.|Department of Theoretical Physics and History of Science, The Basque Country University (EHU/UPV), PO Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.|Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Ravindra W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Chhajlany
authors.affiliation: Department of Theoretical Physics and History of Science, The Basque Country University (EHU/UPV), PO Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain. lianao.wu@ehu.es.|Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain. lianao.wu@ehu.es.
authors.forename: Lian-Ao
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003080:Cold Temperature; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D044367:Phase Transition; D011789:Quantum Theory