title: Genome Engineering and Modification Toward Synthetic Biology for the Production of Antibiotics.
abstract: Antibiotic production is often governed by large gene clusters composed of genes related to antibiotic scaffold synthesis, tailoring, regulation, and resistance. With the expansion of genome sequencing, a considerable number of antibiotic gene clusters has been isolated and characterized. The emerging genome engineering techniques make it possible towards more efficient engineering of antibiotics. In addition to genomic editing, multiple synthetic biology approaches have been developed for the exploration and improvement of antibiotic natural products. Here, we review the progress in the development of these genome editing techniques used to engineer new antibiotics, focusing on three aspects of genome engineering: direct cloning of large genomic fragments, genome engineering of gene clusters, and regulation of gene cluster expression. This review will not only summarize the current uses of genomic engineering techniques for cloning and assembly of antibiotic gene clusters or for altering antibiotic synthetic pathways but will also provide perspectives on the future directions of rebuilding biological systems for the design of novel antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.|Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Lianrong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Yunfu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Zixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Shiming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Zhongnan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.|Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D058615:Synthetic Biology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: antibiotics; genome engineering; genome modification; synthetic biology