title: Electrophysiologic and Ultrasonographic Assessment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Wheelchair Basketball Athletes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the contributing factors of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), electrodiagnostic and ultrasonographic findings of median nerve, and median nerve change after exercise in wheelchair basketball (WCB) players.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen WCB players with manual wheelchairs were enrolled in the study. Medical history of the subjects was taken. Electrodiagnosis and ultrasonography of both median nerves were performed to assess CTS in WCB players. Ultrasonographic median nerves evaluation was conducted after wheelchair propulsion for 20 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average body mass index (BMI) and period of wheelchair use of CTS subjects were greater than those of normal subjects. Electrodiagnosis revealed CTS in 14 of 30 hands (47%). Cross-sectional area (CSA) of median nerve was greater in CTS subjects than in normal subjects at 0.5 cm and 1 cm proximal to distal wrist crease (DWC), DWC, 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, and 3.5 cm distal to DWC. After exercising, median nerve CSAs at 0.5 cm and 1 cm proximal to DWC, DWC, and 3 cm and 3.5 cm distal to DWC were greater than baseline CSAs in CTS subjects; and median nerve CSAs at 1 cm proximal to DWC and DWC were greater than baseline CSAs in normal subjects. The changes in median nerve CSA after exercise in CTS subjects were greater than in normal subjects at 0.5 cm proximal to DWC and 3 cm and 3.5 cm distal to DWC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI and total period of wheelchair use contributed to developing CTS in WCB players. The experimental exercise might be related to the median nerve swelling around the inlet and outlet of carpal tunnel in WCB athletes with CTS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Kyun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3257-6683
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Army Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Beom Suk
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4972-9508
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Je
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3794-2192
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7257-3858
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Kyu
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8445-7099
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hwee
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8116-0078
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Carpal tunnel syndrome; Electromyography; Ultrasonography; Wheelchair basketball