title: Characterization of the Genetic Environment of the blaVEB-4Gene, Associated with a Transposable Region in a Proteus mirabilis Clinical Isolate.
abstract: Proteus mirabilis is the second most common cause of urinary tract infections and is also an important cause of nosocomial infections. TEM-type and CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are the most widely distributed in this bacterial species, but minor ESBLs such as the VEB-type have also been identified. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic environment of the blaVEB-4gene found in a P. mirabilis clinical isolate recovered in Spain. P. mirabilis N2231 showed resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides, remaining susceptible to imipenem, cefoxitin, β-lactamases inhibitors, and quinolones. Southern blot analysis revealed that blaVEB-4was located in the chromosome. Analysis of the blaVEB-4genetic context revealed a 15 kb segment 98% identical to the multidrug resistance (MDR) region of a Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), which included a class 1 integron belonging to the In104 family, previously described in blaVEB-6-producing P. mirabilis VB1248. blaVEB-4was surrounded by repeat elements, transposon Tn1721, and located on a class 1 integron containing aacA4-aadB-dfrA1-orfC genes. The blaVEB-4gene was inserted in a complex structure of a class 1 integron, which is part of an MDR region of an SGI1, possibly involved in the mobilization of the gene and homologous recombination.
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Espinal
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Elisenda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miró
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .|2 Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Laia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramoneda
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .|2 Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coll
authors.affiliation: 1 Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) , Barcelona, Spain .|2 Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .
authors.forename: Ferran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Navarro
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D032023:Integrons; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D011512:Proteus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D011513:Proteus mirabilis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013030:Spain; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: VEB enzymes; class A β-lactamases; transposon Tn1721