title: The Michigan Trauma Quality Improvement Program: Results from a collaborative quality initiative.
abstract: American College of Surgeons verified trauma centers and a third-party payer within the state of Michigan built a regional collaborative quality initiative (CQI). The Michigan Trauma Quality Improvement Program began as a pilot in 2008 and expanded to a formal program in 2011. Here, we examine the performance of the collaborative over time with regard to patient outcomes, resource utilization, and process measures.
  
  
  
  Data from the initial 23 hospitals that joined the CQI in 2011 were analyzed. Performance trends from 2011 to 2015 were evaluated for outcomes, resource utilization, and process measures using univariate analysis. Risk-adjustment was performed to confirm results observed in the unadjusted data. To calculate the potential number of patients impacted by the CQI program, the maximum absolute change was multiplied by the number of trauma patients treated in the 23 hospitals during 2015.
  
  
  
  Membership in a CQI program significantly reduced serious complications (8.5 vs. 7.3%, p = 0.002), decreased resource utilization, and improved process measure execution in trauma patients over 5 years time. Similar results were obtained in unadjusted and risk-adjusted analyses. The CQI program potentially avoided inferior vena cava filter placement in 167 patients annually. Decreased venous thromboembolism rates mirrored increased compliance with venous thromboembolism pharmacologic prophylaxis.
  
  
  
  This study confirms our hypothesis that participation in a regional CQI improves patient outcomes and decreases resource utilization while promoting compliance with processes of care.
  
  
  
  Economic/therapeutic care, level V.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Surgery (M.R.H., J.L.J., A.H.C-N., J.N.M.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Department of Surgery (J.P.K.), Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Lansing; Department of Surgery (W.E.V.K.), Mercy Health St. Mary's, Grand Rapids; Department of Surgery (W.L.W.), St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Mark Richard
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hemmila
authors.forename: Jill L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jakubus
authors.forename: Anne H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Cain-Nielsen
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kepros
authors.forename: Wayne E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Vander Kolk
authors.forename: Wendy L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.forename: Judy N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Mikhail
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D008875:Middle Aged; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D058996:Quality Improvement / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult