title: E-cadherin-mediated impairment increases anti-apoptotic mechanism through upregulation of Bcl-2: An immunohistochemical study in various patterns of invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bcl-2 and E-cadherin proteins are known to be involved in the control of apoptotic cell death and invasive potential, respectively, which is an important hallmark of tumor regulation that influences their biologic behavior.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the relationship of Bcl-2 and E-cadherin immunoexpression in various Bryne's patterns of invasion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical analyses for Bcl-2 and E-cadherin were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections on 40 cases (32 cases of Oral squamous cell carcinoma and eight cases of controls) and were scored using qualitative and quantitative (percentage positive) analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19. Correlation between patterns of invasion and qualitative scores of Bcl-2 and E-cadherin was calculated using Spearman rho correlation. Difference of mean percentage of positive cells of Bcl-2 and E-cadherin in different patterns of invasion was tested by ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bcl-2 and E-cadherin immunoreactivity was positively correlated with Bryne's pattern of invasion (P value<.05). An inverse relation was found between Bcl-2 and E-cadherin expression with Bryne's patterns 1-5 of invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results pointed to the antagonistic role of E-cadherin and Bcl-2 and thus provide the opportunity for cell survival along with increased invasive potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Center for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad (U.P), India.
authors.forename: Nikita
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0324-4751
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Center for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad (U.P), India.
authors.forename: Devi Charan
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Center for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad (U.P), India.
authors.forename: Ajit Singh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rathore
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Center for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad (U.P), India.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Juneja
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Center for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad (U.P), India.
authors.forename: Anshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D015820:Cadherins / Q000502:physiology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C513384:CDH1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
keywords: Bcl-2; E-cadherin; pattern of invasion