title: Temporal mechanisms influencing gender expression and pollen flow within a self-incompatible perennial, Amianthium muscaetoxicum (Liliaceae).
abstract: Temporal mechanisms that influence the synchrony of gender expression and the patterns of withinplant pollen flow were examined in Amianthium muscatoxicum. In this species self-incompatible pollinations can clog stigmas, interfere with the growth of outcrossed pollen tubes, and reduce fecundity. The majority of flowers have partial dichogamy: a two-day period of pollen dehiscence and a four-day period of pollen viability are nested in a six-day period of pistil viability. An indeterminate flowering sequence among flowers on the same plant and partial dichogamy within flowers help reduce pollen flow within the whole plant. The combined effects at both of these levels should reduce pollen wastage and lower the incidence of stigma clogging by incompatible self pollen.
authors.affiliation: Mountain Lake Biological Station, University of Virginia, 22901, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Mountain Lake Biological Station, University of Virginia, 22901, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Travis
authors.affiliation: Mountain Lake Biological Station, University of Virginia, 22901, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Janis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Antonovics
keywords: Dichogamy; Gender expression; Pollen interference; Pollen longevity; Stigma receptivity