title: Facial intramuscular lipoma occurrence following topical cosmetic injection with a mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor: A report of two cases.
abstract: Growth factors and cytokines control cell growth, proliferation and differentiation via a network of inter- and intracellular signalling pathways, and are involved in skin self-renewing and wound healing. In recent years, topical and injectable growth factors and cytokines have emerged as an intriguing therapeutic modality that can be harnessed for aesthetic purposes. However, very little data are available on their long-term safety and tolerability. In this report, we describe two cases of patients, who developed intramuscular lipoma of the chin following topical injection with a mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor as the main ingredients for chin augmentation. Biopsies in the two cases were performed at our department, and revealed intramuscular lipoma. Our report indicates that the topical injection of growth factors can lead to tumorigenesis, so health care providers need to be aware of its potential consequences.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Dan
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Qiang
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education , Guangzhou , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002680:Chin; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008067:Lipoma / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019042:Muscle Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2
keywords: Facial rejuvenation; growth factor; intramuscular lipoma; tumorigenesis