title: Relationship between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, abdominal aortic calcification and associated metabolic disorders: Data from the Camargo Cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) are related to an increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to analyse a possible relationship between both entities and also the association between metabolic disorders and DISH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytic cross-sectional study in a population-based cohort. DISH (with Resnick-Niwayama criteria) and AAC (with AAC-24 scale) were assessed on plain x-ray images. Interaction terms between DISH and forty clinical covariates were also investigated, through correlation analysis and multivariate regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine hundred eighty-seven males aged≥50 years, with a mean age=65,5±9 years, were evaluated. Prevalence rates of DISH and AAC were 21.6% and 58.7%, respectively. DISH+ subjects were older (68.1±9 vs. 63.8±9 years; P=.0001) and more likely to be affected by metabolic syndrome (MS) (55.6% vs. 36.6%; P=.0001). In DISH+ subjects, the AAC was 3.7±5 points, whereas in DISH- subjects it was 3.3±5 (P=.25). AAC was associated with an increased risk of prevalent DISH (unadjusted OR=1.4 [CI95%: 1.01-1.9]; P=.04), that disappeared when it was adjusted for age (adjusted OR=1.1 [CI95%: 0.8-1.5];P=.47]. No association was found between DISH and hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidaemia; however, age (OR=2.2 [CI95%: 1.6-3]; P=.0001), BMI (OR=1.5 [CI95%: 1.1-2]; P=.007), waist circumference (OR=1.5 [CI95%: 1.04-2,3]; P=.03) and MS (OR=1.7 [CI95%: 1.1-2.4]; P=.005) showed a significant relationship with DISH after adjusting for confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study was not able to demonstrate a consistent association between DISH and AAC, proving only a weak and age-dependent relationship between them. DISH proved to be significantly associated with age, BMI, waist circumference and MS.
authors.affiliation: Medicina de Familia, EAP Camargo-Interior, Servicio Cántabro de Salud-Observatorio de Salud Pública de Cantabria, Muriedas, Cantabria, España. Electronic address: emilio.pariente@scsalud.es.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pariente-Rodrigo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Hospitalización Domiciliaria, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, España.
authors.forename: Giusi Alessia
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Sgaramella
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Metabolismo Óseo, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, RETICEF, Santander, Cantabria, España.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Olmos-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Medicina de Familia, EAP Camargo-Interior, Servicio Cántabro de Salud-Observatorio de Salud Pública de Cantabria, Muriedas, Cantabria, España.
authors.forename: Stefanie Francesca
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Pini-Valdivieso
authors.affiliation: Sección de Radiología Ósea, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, España.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landeras-Alvaro
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Metabolismo Óseo, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, RETICEF, Santander, Cantabria, España.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hernández-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D004057:Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal / Q000150:complications*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000150:complications*; D055105:Waist Circumference
keywords: Calcificación vascular; Cardiovascular diseases; Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis; Enfermedades cardiovasculares; Epidemiologic studies; Estudios epidemiológicos; Hiperostosis esquelética idiopática difusa; Hombres; Males; Metabolic cardiovascular syndrome; Síndrome X metabólico; Vascular calcification