title: Homemade-device-induced negative pressure promotes wound healing more efficiently than VSD-induced positive pressure by regulating inflammation, proliferation and remodeling.
abstract: Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) is an effective technique used to promote wound healing. However, recent studies have shown that it exerts positive pressure (PP) rather than negative pressure (NP) on skin. In this study, we created a homemade device that could maintain NP on the wound, and compared the therapeutic effects of VSD-induced PP to those of our homemade device which induced NP on wound healing. The NP induced by our device required less time for wound healing and decreased the wound area more efficiently than the PP induced by VSD. NP and PP both promoted the inflammatory response by upregulating neutrophil infiltration and interleukin (IL)‑1β expression, and downregulating IL‑10 expression. Higher levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and lower levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were observed in the wound tissue treated with NP compared to the wound tissue exposed to PP. Proliferation in the wound tissue exposed to NP on day 10 was significantly higher than that in wound tissue exposed to PP. NP generated more fibroblasts, keratinized stratified epithelium, and less epithelia with stemness than PP. The levels of ccollagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ were both decreased in both the NP and PP groups. NP induced a statistically significant increase in the expression of fibronectin (FN) on days 3 and 10 compared to PP. Furthermore, the level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑13 increased in the NP group, but decreased in the PP group on day 3. NP also induced a decrease in the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‑1 and TIMP‑2 during the early stages of wound healing, which was significantly different from the increasing effect of PP on TIMP‑1 and TIMP‑2 levels at the corresponding time points. On the whole, our data indicate that our homemade device which induced NP, was more efficient than VSD‑induced PP on wound healing by regulating inflammation, secretion, proliferation and the distribution of different cells in wound tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Physics and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jintian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shijie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chaoqi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Quanyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011312:Pressure; D011817:Rabbits; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014618:Vacuum; D014945:Wound Healing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D016207:Cytokines