title: [Spanish adaptation of the 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice].
abstract: The VI European Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention recommend combining population and high-risk strategies with lifestyle changes as a cornerstone of prevention, and propose the SCORE function to quantify cardiovascular risk. The guidelines highlight disease specific interventions, and conditions as women, young people and ethnic minorities. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis with noninvasive imaging techniques is not recommended. The guidelines distinguish four risk levels (very high, high, moderate and low) with therapeutic objectives for lipid control according to risk. Diabetes mellitus confers a high risk, except for subjects with type 2 diabetes with less than <10 years of evolution, without other risk factors or complications, or type 1 diabetes of short evolution without complications. The decision to start pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension will depend on the blood pressure level and the cardiovascular risk, taking into account the lesion of target organs. The guidelines don't recommend antiplatelet drugs in primary prevention because of the increased bleeding risk. The low adherence to the medication requires simplified therapeutic regimes and to identify and combat its causes. The guidelines highlight the responsibility of health professionals to take an active role in advocating evidence-based interventions at the population level, and propose effective interventions, at individual and population level, to promote a healthy diet, the practice of physical activity, the cessation of smoking and the protection against alcohol abuse.
authors.affiliation: Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España. Electronic address: mroyo@isciii.es.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Royo-Bordonada
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Hipertensión-Liga Española de la Lucha Contra la HTA.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Armario
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lobos Bejarano
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedro-Botet
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villar Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Epidemiología.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elosua
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brotons Cuixart
authors.affiliation: Asociación Española de Pediatría de Atención Primaria.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Medicina y Seguridad en el Trabajo.
authors.forename: Benilde
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camafort Babkowski
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Neurología.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil Núñez
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Diabetes.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maiques
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria-Semergen.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Santiago Nocito
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Cardiología.
authors.forename: Almudena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Cardiología.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alegría
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular.
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baeza
authors.affiliation: Federación de Asociaciones de Enfermería Comunitaria y Atención Primaria.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herranz
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sans
authors.affiliation: Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Campos
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010819:Physician's Role; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Alcohol drinking; Cardiovascular diseases; Cholesterol; Colesterol; Consumo de alcohol; Diabetes mellitus; Enfermedades cardiovasculares; Grasas trans; Guías de práctica clínica; Hipertensión arterial; Hypertension; Practice Guidelines [Publication Type]; Prevención y control; Prevention and control; Tabaco; Tobacco; Trans fatty acids