title: Isolation and characterization of exosomes derived from fertile sheep hydatid cysts.
abstract: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic and complex zoonotic disease. Information on the mechanisms involved in parasite establishment, growth and persistence remain limited. These may be modulated by a crosstalk between extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs including exosomes and microvesicles are able to carry developmental signaling proteins which coordinate growth and establishment of several parasites. Here, an exosome enriched EV fraction was isolated from hydatid fluid (HF) of fertile sheep cysts. A proteomic analysis of this fraction identified a number of parasite-derived vesicle-membrane associated proteins as well as cytosolic proteins. Additionally, the exosomal enriched fraction contained proteins of host origin. Specific proteins -antigen B2 and TSPAN14- in the exosomal fraction were further assayed by immunoblot and transmission electron microscopy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of parasite exosomes in fertile hydatid cyst fluid. Further characterization of the exosome cargo will allow the discovery of new markers for the detection of CE in humans and animals, and the treatment of CE patients, and provide new insights regarding the role of these EVs in the establishment and persistence of hydatid cysts.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain. Electronic address: mmar.siles@irnasa.csic.es.
authors.forename: Mar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siles-Lucas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Ovejero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exosomes, Metabolomics Unit. CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Derio, Spain.
authors.forename: Esperanza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exosomes, Metabolomics Unit. CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Falcón-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis (in Animals and Humans), Italy.
authors.forename: Belgees
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boufana
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fratini
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis (in Animals and Humans), Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casulli
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manzano-Román
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005298:Fertility; D015151:Immunoblotting / Q000662:veterinary; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015800:Protozoan Proteins
keywords: Cystic echinococcosis; Echinococcus granulosus; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Proteomics; Virulence factors