title: Schooling diabetes: Use of continuous glucose monitoring and remote monitors in the home and school settings.
abstract: Despite significant advances in type 1 diabetes (T1D) management, achieving targeted glycemic control in pediatric patients remains a struggle. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with remote access holds the promise to address this challenge by allowing caregivers to monitor glucose, even when the child is not directly under their supervision.
  
  
  
  To explore real-time and remote CGM practices in homes and schools, including caregiver expectations regarding this technology.
  
  
  
  Parents and daytime caregivers.
  
  
  
  Respondents answered an anonymous survey assessing characteristics of CGM use. Cross-sectional data were collected and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods.
  
  
  
  Thirty-three parents and 17 daytime caregivers responded. Threshold alerts (alerts when patients reached certain pre-set high or low limits) were used most frequently, followed by rate of change alerts. Most parents and daytime caregivers responded to low- and high-threshold CGM alerts by confirming with a glucose meter prior to treatment; while about one-third endorsed treating lows without a confirmatory test. Most parents expected their child's daytime caregiver to respond to CGM alerts and daytime caregivers felt the parent's expectations of them were reasonable. All parents and most caregivers reported decreased overall worry/stress. Parents felt positive about CGM use and daytime caregivers felt comfortable with CGM.
  
  
  
  The positive and collaborative management reported by parents and daytime caregivers sets the stage for CGM to play an important role in the management of children with T1D both in the home and in the school settings.
authors.affiliation: Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erie
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Van Name
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weyman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Stuart A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Weinzimer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finnegan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sikes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: William V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Tamborlane
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sherr
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D056902:Clinical Alarms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D012572:School Health Services; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: continuous glucose monitor; school; type 1 diabetes