title: Genital Mycoplasma infection among Mexican women with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of genital Mycoplasma spp. among women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to identify factors associated with such infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with SLE and healthy women who attended a hospital in Puebla, Mexico, between July 29, 2014, and January 4, 2015. All participants were aged 18 years or older and sexually active. A structured interview assessed sociodemographic, obstetric, gynecologic, and clinical characteristics. Disease activity was evaluated using the Mexican SLE Disease Activity Index. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of Mycoplasma spp. in genital samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ureaplasma urealyticum was the only genital mycoplasma detected; it was present in 32 (24.6%) of 130 patients with SLE and 12 (12.8%) of 94 healthy women. Patients with SLE had increased odds of infection (odds ratio 2.120, 95% confidence interval 1.046-4.296). Among patients with SLE, multiparity was more common in those with U. urealyticum infection (P=0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One-quarter of women with SLE had genital infection with U. urealyticum. An association was found between infection and multiparity among women with SLE.
authors.affiliation: Coordination Research, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.|Science Institute, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Socorro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Méndez-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Regional General Hospital #36, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.|Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Carrasco
authors.affiliation: Centre of Biomolecular Detection and Research of Microbiological Sciences, Science Institute, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: María L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cedillo-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Regional General Hospital #36, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.|Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Pinto
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Regional General Hospital #36, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ivet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Etchegaray-Morales
authors.affiliation: Centre of Biomolecular Detection and Research of Microbiological Sciences, Science Institute, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Constantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gil-Juárez
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Research, High Specialty Medical Unit, Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Álvaro J
authors.initials: ÁJ
authors.lastname: Montiel-Jarquín
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional General Hospital #36, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taboada-Cole
authors.affiliation: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Regional General Hospital #36, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Erick A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Herrera
authors.affiliation: Medicine School, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñóz-Guarneros
authors.affiliation: Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cervera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D015995:Prevalence; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 
  Mycoplasma
  ; 
  Ureaplasma
  ; Infection; Systemic lupus erythematosus