title: Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction induced by single- and multiwall carbon nanotubes: A comparative study.
abstract: With the ever-increasing use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in health-related and engineering applications, the hazardous risks of this material have become a major concern. It is well known that CNTs accumulate with cytotoxic and genotoxic levels within vital organs. It has also been shown that treating cell cultures with CNTs resulted in cell-cycle arrest and increased apoptosis/necrosis. The goal of this pilot study is to perform a comprehensive comparative study on the toxicity of single-wall (SW) and multiwall (MW) CNTs in rat skin cells. Our results confirm a dose-dependent toxicity of SWCNTs and MWCNTs due to the loss of mitochondrial activity, increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse before mitochondrial swelling. Moreover, disturbance in the oxidative phosphorylation is observed by a decrease in ATP level. These events induced the release of cytochrome c via outer membrane rupture or MPT pore opening and subsequently programmed cell death of all doses compared to control group. Our results demonstrate that although MWCNTs can be very toxic, SWCNTs cause more mitochondrial damage to the cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2047-2055, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran.|Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghanbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Parvaneh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nasarzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment (RCHSE), Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Enayatollah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seydi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taghi Joghataei
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Khadijeh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashtari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.|Center for Biomedical Research (CBR), University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.|Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), Victoria, Canada.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
keywords: mitochondria; mitochondrial dysfunction; multiwalled carbon nanotubes; oxidative stress; single-wall nanotube