title: Serum S100 protein could predict altered consciousness in glyphosate or glufosinate poisoning patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Central nervous system (CNS) complications such as seizures and reduced consciousness are important in glufosinate and may occur in severe glyphosate poisoning. The aim of this study was to assess the possible role of serum S100B protein as a biochemical marker of CNS complications associated with glyphosate or glufosinate poisoning.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study enrolled 40 patients (23 glyphosate poisoning and 17 glufosinate poisoning). Altered consciousness and seizure were observed during hospitalization. S100B level was measured with fully automated modular analytic E170 system using electrochemoluminometric immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 40 patients, neurologic features were observed in 12 patients with a median time to onset of 21.5 (IQR 8.25-24.75) h. Serum S100B concentrations measured on admission were higher in the group with neurologic features than in the group without neurologic features [0.148 μg/L (IQR 0.128-0.248) vs. 0.072 μg/L (IQR 0.047-0.084), p < .001]. Univariate analysis of measured patient raw parameters using a ROC curve showed that S100B was a significant predictor of neurologic features in glyphosate and glufosinate poisoning. The area under the ROC curve was 0.894 (95% confidential interval 0.791-0.998). When S100B was set at 0.0965, its sensitivity and specificity for predicting neurologic features in glyphosate and glufosinate poisoning were 92% and 82%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our pilot study, S100B was a significant predictor of neurologic complications in patients with glyphosate and glufosinate poisoning. Large prospective cohorts are needed to confirm this finding.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Emergency Medicine , Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital , Cheonan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital , Cheonan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: c Department of Internal Medicine , Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital , Cheonan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Samel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: c Department of Internal Medicine , Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital , Cheonan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: d Department of Microbiology , College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: c Department of Internal Medicine , Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital , Cheonan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sae-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003243:Consciousness / Q000187:drug effects*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011041:Poisoning / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D012640:Seizures / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D000613:Aminobutyrates; D015415:Biomarkers; D005998:Glycine; D009418:S100 Proteins; D000097797:Glyphosate; C003121:phosphinothricin
keywords: S100 protein; consciousness disorders; poisoning