title: Child survival revolutions revisited - lessons learned from Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Rwanda and Vietnam.
abstract: Analysing child mortality may enhance our perspective on global achievements in child survival. We used data from surveillance sites in Bangladesh, Nicaragua and Vietnam and Demographic Health Surveys in Rwanda to explore the development of neonatal and under-five mortality. The mortality curves showed dramatic reductions over time, but child mortality in the four countries peaked during wars and catastrophes and was rapidly reduced by targeted interventions, multisectorial development efforts and community engagement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lessons learned from these countries may be useful when tackling future challenges, including persistent neonatal deaths, survival inequalities and the consequences of climate change and migration.
authors.affiliation: International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Lars Åke
authors.initials: LÅ
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Anisur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Pan American Health Organization, San Salvador, El Salvador.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.affiliation: International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Wilton
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Pediatric and Child Health Department, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: Aimable
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musafili
authors.affiliation: Hanoi School of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Dinh Phuong
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Hoa
mesh_terms: D046688:Child Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003150:Community Health Workers; D003906:Developing Countries; D019981:Health Care Sector; D006801:Humans; D014857:Warfare
keywords: Child mortality; Migration; Natural catastrophes; Sustainable Development Goals; War