title: The polymorphic CAG repeat in exon 1 of androgen receptor is associated with level of HDL cholesterol and hypertension in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The length of the CAG repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene has been shown to be inversely correlated with AR transcriptional activity. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between the length of CAG repeat in AR and serum lipids and hypertension in Chinese men.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relationship between length of the CAG repeat in exon 1 of AR with prevalence of hypertension and the levels of serum lipids among Chinese men (aged ≥40 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  The physical condition of the subjects was examined and recorded. The concentrations of blood lipids and sex hormones were measured, and the CAG repeat lengths of the AR gene were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The length of the AR CAG repeats was associated with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration, and the stepwise multiple regression model showed that this association was independent of body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), although these factors influence HDL-C concentration. Furthermore, men with <22 vs men with ≥22 CAG repeats showed higher blood pressure and higher prevalence of hypertension. Shorter CAG repeat numbers were associated with the increased risk of hypertension in a multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 0·715; 95% confidence interval, 0·517-0·989; P = 0·043). No significant correlation of AR CAG repeat polymorphism with sex hormone levels, TG, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or TC was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that men carrying shorter (<22) AR CAG repeats have lower HDL-C level and increased risk of hypertension. The androgenic activity may differ due to the polymorphic length of CAG repeats of the AR gene.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Deyu
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-1723
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Jinhai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Shuya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Zhizhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Health Examination Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Yuying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Sub-center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-0997
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D008055:Lipids; D011944:Receptors, Androgen