title: Cephalic phase of insulin secretion in response to a meal is unrelated to family history of type 2 diabetes.
abstract: The pre-absorptive cephalic phase of insulin secretion is elicited during the first ten min of a meal and before glucose levels rise. Its importance for insulin release during the post-absorptive phase has been well documented in animals but its presence or importance in man has become increasingly controversial. We here examined the presence of an early cephalic phase of insulin release in 31 well matched individuals without (n = 15) or with (n = 16) a known family history of type 2 diabetes (first-degree relatives; FDR). We also examined the potential differences in individuals with or without impaired fasting (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). We here demonstrate that a cephalic phase of insulin secretion was present in all individuals examined and without any differences between control persons and FDR or IFG/IGT. However, the overall importance of the cephalic phase is conjectural since it was unrelated to the subsequent post-absorptive insulin release or glucose tolerance. One of the best predictors of the incremental cephalic phase of insulin release was fasting insulin level and, thus, a relation to degree of insulin sensitivity is likely. In conclusion, an early pre-absorptive and cephalic phase of insulin release is robustly present in man. However, we could not document any relation to family history of Type 2 diabetes nor to the post-absorptive phase and, thus, confirm its importance for subsequent degree of insulin release or glucose tolerance.
authors.affiliation: The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Björn
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-4160
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eliasson
authors.affiliation: The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Araz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rawshani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine; Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Axelsen
authors.affiliation: The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hammarstedt
authors.affiliation: The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D004435:Eating; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology; D018149:Glucose Intolerance; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin