title: Pain Experience and Behavior Management in Pediatric Dentistry: A Comparison between Traditional Local Anesthesia and the Wand Computerized Delivery System.
abstract: Aim.To evaluate the pain experience and behavior during dental injection, using the Wand computerized delivery system versus conventional local anesthesia in children and adolescents.Methods.An observational crossover split mouth study was performed on 67 patients (aged 7 to 15 years), requiring local anesthesia for dental treatments in both sides of the dental arch. Patients received both types of injections in two separate appointments, one with the use of a Computer Delivery System (the Wand STA system) and one with the traditional syringe. The following data were recorded: pain rating; changes in heart rate; level of collaboration; patient satisfaction. The data were analyzed using ANOVA for quantitative outcomes and nonparametric analysis (Kruskal-Wallis) for qualitative parameters.Results.The use of the Wand system determined significantly lower pain ratings and lower increase of heart rate than the traditional syringe. During injection, the number of patients showing a relaxed behavior was higher with the Wand than with the traditional local anesthesia. The patient level of satisfaction was higher with the Wand compared to the conventional local anesthesia.Conclusions.The Wand system may provide a less painful injection when compared to the conventional local anesthesia and it seemed to be better tolerated with respect to a traditional syringe.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Annelyse
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6560-6175
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garret-Bernardin
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2648-175X
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cantile
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: D'Antò
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alexandros
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5964-671X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galanakis
authors.affiliation: Clinique Saint Nicolas, 55 allée Charles de Fitte, 31300 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fauxpoint
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Oral Sciences, Section of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Naples, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianmaria Fabrizio
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1723-106X
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Ferrazzano
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vallogini
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00196 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2439-2187
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.affiliation: Unit of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6433-4788
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galeotti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004360:Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010377:Pediatric Dentistry
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local