title: Glial scar-modulation as therapeutic tool in spinal cord injury in animal models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spinal Cord injury represents, in veterinary medicine, most of the neurological attendances and may result in permanent disability, death or euthanasia. Due to inflammation resulting from trauma, it originates the glial scar, which is a cell interaction complex system. Its function is to preserve the healthy circuits, however, it creates a physical and molecular barrier that prevents cell migration and restricts the neuroregeneration ability.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review aims to present innovations in the scene of treatment of spinal cord injury, approaching cell therapy, administration of enzyme, anti-inflammatory, and other active principles capable of modulating the inflammatory response, resulting in glial scar reduction and subsequent functional improvement of animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Some innovative therapies as cell therapy, administration of enzymes, immunosuppressant or other drugs cause the modulation of inflammatory response proved to be a promising tool for the reduction of gliosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Those tools promise to reduce gliosis and promote locomotor recovery in animals with spinal cord injury.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine Department, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jéssica Rodrigues
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Orlandin
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine Department, FZEA, USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Ambrósio
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine Department, FZEA, USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valéria Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Lara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005911:Gliosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D013234:Stem Cells; D014730:Veterinary Medicine