title: Redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and its role in the vascular system.
abstract: The actin cytoskeleton is critical for form and function of vascular cells, serving mechanical, organizational and signaling roles. Because many cytoskeletal proteins are sensitive to reactive oxygen species, redox regulation has emerged as a pivotal modulator of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated proteins. Here, we summarize work implicating oxidants in altering actin cytoskeletal proteins and focus on how these alterations affect cell migration, proliferation and contraction of vascular cells. Finally, we discuss the role of oxidative modification of the actin cytoskeleton in vivo and highlight its importance for vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, 308a WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, 308a WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
authors.forename: Lauren P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan.
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, 308a WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States. Electronic address: kgriend@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Kathy K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Griendling
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D002465:Cell Movement; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D009218:Myosins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C517657:CAMK2A protein, human; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D009218:Myosins
keywords: Actin cytoskeleton; Redox regulation; Vascular disease