title: Crosstalk of cell polarity signaling pathways.
abstract: Cell polarity, the asymmetric organization of cellular components along one or multiple axes, is present in most cells. From budding yeast cell polarization induced by pheromone signaling, oocyte polarization at fertilization to polarized epithelia and neuronal cells in multicellular organisms, similar mechanisms are used to determine cell polarity. Crucial role in this process is played by signaling lipid molecules, small Rho family GTPases and Par proteins. All these signaling circuits finally govern the cytoskeleton, which is responsible for oriented cell migration, cell shape changes, and polarized membrane and organelle trafficking. Thus, typically in the process of cell polarization, most cellular constituents become polarized, including plasma membrane lipid composition, ion concentrations, membrane receptors, and proteins in general, mRNA, vesicle trafficking, or intracellular organelles. This review gives a brief overview how these systems talk to each other both during initial symmetry breaking and within the signaling feedback loop mechanisms used to preserve the polarized state.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic. tomasmazel@seznam.cz.|State Institute for Drug Control, Šrobárova 48, 100 41, Prague 10, Czech Republic. tomasmazel@seznam.cz.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1837-2518
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mazel
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C407989:JTB protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: Cell polarization; Cell signaling; Chemotaxis; Neurite initiation; Par proteins; Rho GTPases