title: Infection of Oligochaetes,Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri(Annelida: Oligochaeta), in the Nasal Cavity of a Chinese Man.
abstract: The infection byLimnodrilus hoffmeisteriClaparède, 1862 (Oligochaeta: Tubificinae) in humans is relatively uncommon. The present report is to describe an incidental human infection with oligochaetes in the nasal cavity of a Chinese man, a 25-year-old man residing in Zhangjiakou city, Hebei province, China presenting with nose bleed, severe itching, continuous sneezing, and rhinorrhea. A lot of oligochaete worms were found in the nasal discharge of the patient. The detected worms were identified asLimnodrilus hoffmeisteri(Annelida: Oligochaeta) based on morphological and molecular characteristics. This incidentalL. hoffmeisterinasal infection is the first case in China and indicates that oligochaete worms can be encountered in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China.
authors.forename: Zhenming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Guangping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.|College of Animal Science & Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: College of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China.
authors.forename: Chunmiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000469:parasitology*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D010272:Parasitic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
keywords: China; Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri; case report; nasal infection; oligochaete