title: Mechanism of deoxynivalenol effects on the reproductive system and fetus malformation: Current status and future challenges.
abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic fungal secondary metabolite produced by molds of the Fusarium genus, and it is known to cause a spectrum of diseases both in humans and animals, such as emesis, diarrhea, anorexia, immunotoxicity, hematological disorders, impairment of maternal reproduction, and fetal development. The recently revealed teratogenic potential of DON has received much attention. In various animal models, it has been shown that DON led to skeletal deformities of the fetus. However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood, and toxicological data are also scarce. Several animal research studies highlight the potential link between morphological abnormalities and changes of autophagy in the reproductive system. Because autophagy is involved in fetal development, maintenance of placental function, and bone remodeling, this mechanism has become a high priority for future research. The general aim of the present review is to deliver a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge of DON-induced reproductive toxicity in different animal models and to provide some prospective ideas for further research. The focus of the current review is to summarize toxic and negative effects of DON exposure on the reproductive system and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in various animal models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Liangkai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Center, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nüssler
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China; Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Liegang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, 430030 Wuhan, China. Electronic address: outwithstanding@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects; D005333:Fetus / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects*; D005835:Genitalia / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Autophagy; Deoxynivalenol; Fetal development; Oxidative stress; Reproductive toxicity