title: Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Probiotic Mixture on Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemic Rats.
abstract: Growing evidence has indicated that supplementation with probiotics improves lipid metabolism. We aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of a probiotics mixture (PM) of three strains belonging to the speciesBifidobacterium(B. longum,B. lactis, andB. breve) and two strains belonging to the speciesLactobacillus(L. reuteriandL. plantarum) on cholesterol-lowering efficacy in hypercholesterolemic rats. A hypercholesterolemic rat model was established by feeding a high-cholesterol diet for eight weeks. To test the effects of PM on hypercholesterolemia, hypercholesterolemic rats were assigned to four groups, which were treated daily with low (1.65 × 10⁸ cfu/kg), medium (5.5 × 10⁸ cfu/kg), or high (1.65 × 1010cfu/kg) doses of probiotic mixture or simvastatin for eight weeks. Significant reductions of serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels, but increases of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol were observed after supplementation of PM in hypercholesterolemic rats. In PM-supplemented hypercholesterolemic rats, hepatic tissue contents of TC and TG also significantly decreased. Notably, the histological evaluation of liver tissues demonstrated that PM dramatically decreased lipid accumulation. For their underlying mechanisms, we demonstrated that PM reduced expressions of cholesterol synthesis-related proteins such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in the liver. Taken together, these findings suggest that PM has beneficial effects against hypercholesterolemia. Accordingly, our PM might be utilized as a novel therapeutic agent for the management of hypercholesterolemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute and Korea Zoonosis Research Institue, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea. abbasj@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Shang-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Huvet Co. Ltd., Iksan 54541, Korea. hyunmu123@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Chebigen Co. Ltd., Jeonju 54853, Korea. shsdo@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Hong-Sig
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sin
authors.affiliation: Chebigen Co. Ltd., Jeonju 54853, Korea. sampo999@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Seung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Chebigen Co. Ltd., Jeonju 54853, Korea. cbg31@chebigen.com.
authors.forename: Sang-Wang
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Jeonju Agro-Biomaterials Institute, Jeonju 54810, Korea. seon02@jami.re.kr.
authors.forename: Seon-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Jeonju Agro-Biomaterials Institute, Jeonju 54810, Korea. jasmin0207@jami.re.kr.
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Jeonju Agro-Biomaterials Institute, Jeonju 54810, Korea. kangyu@jami.re.kr.
authors.forename: Kang-Yeol
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Jeonju Agro-Biomaterials Institute, Jeonju 54810, Korea. zcbmmnn@jami.re.kr.
authors.forename: Su Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute and Korea Zoonosis Research Institue, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea. dkyang0502@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dong Kwon
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver; D008297:Male; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; C497389:Srebf1 protein, rat; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014280:Triglycerides; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
keywords: Bifidobacterium breve; Bifidobacterium lactis; Bifidobacterium longum; Lactobacillus plantarum; Lactobacillus reuteri; high-cholesterol diet; hypercholesterolemia; liver steatosis; probiotics mixture