title: Investigation on the thermal effects of NaYF4:Er under 1550 nm irradiation.
abstract: The thermal effects of NaYF4:Er microcrystals under 1550 nm laser diode irradiation were investigated using an infrared thermal imaging method. The results revealed that the temperature of the LD irradiation beam area was non-uniform. The NaYF4:Er sample exhibits a rapid temperature increase within 5-10 s, and the heating process reaches its steady state after 60 s of irradiation when exposed to 1550 nm LD. The response time, temperature increase, and emission intensity of the samples depend on the excitation power density and concentration of doped Er3+ions. Low excitation power density is required to avoid the influence of thermal effects on the up-conversion emission spectra measurement. Rapid scanning in up-conversion emission spectra measurement is not effective in preventing the heating effect under high excitation power pumping. In addition, a relative deviation of temperature, existing in fluorescence intensity ratio technique, decreased with the increasing irradiation time.
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China. tianying15@hotmail.com luoxixiandl@126.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiumei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Mingming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xixian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo