title: Mineral supply for sustainable development requires resource governance.
abstract: Successful delivery of the United Nations sustainable development goals and implementation of the Paris Agreement requires technologies that utilize a wide range of minerals in vast quantities. Metal recycling and technological change will contribute to sustaining supply, but mining must continue and grow for the foreseeable future to ensure that such minerals remain available to industry. New links are needed between existing institutional frameworks to oversee responsible sourcing of minerals, trajectories for mineral exploration, environmental practices, and consumer awareness of the effects of consumption. Here we present, through analysis of a comprehensive set of data and demand forecasts, an interdisciplinary perspective on how best to ensure ecologically viable continuity of global mineral supply over the coming decades.
authors.affiliation: University of Delaware, College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, Newark, Delaware, USA.|University of Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|University of Vermont, Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
authors.forename: Saleem H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: University of Technology Sydney, Institute for Sustainable Futures, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giurco
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Terre, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.affiliation: Geological Society of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nickless
authors.affiliation: Graham Brown Consulting, Buckland, Buckinghamshire, UK.
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: IUGS/IAGC Commission on Global Geochemical Baselines and EuroGeoSurveys, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Alecos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demetriades
authors.affiliation: University of Para, Belem, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Durrheim
authors.affiliation: University of Para, Belem, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Amélia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Enriquez
authors.affiliation: University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kinnaird
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Littleboy
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Meinert
authors.affiliation: Potsdam University and International Union for Geological Sciences, Potsdam, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oberhänsli
authors.affiliation: United Nations Environment Programme, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.affiliation: MinEx Consulting, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.|University of Western Australia, Centre for Exploration Targeting, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schodde
authors.affiliation: Namibian Uranium Institute, Swakopmund, Namibia.
authors.forename: Gabi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Terre, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Newcastle University, London Campus, London, UK.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yakovleva