title: RGO/AuNR/HA-5FU nanocomposite with multi-stage release behavior and efficient antitumor activity for synergistic therapy.
abstract: A reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/gold nanorod (AuNR)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposite was designed and successfully synthesized for the first time. An anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (5FU), was chosen as a model drug to be loaded in RGO/AuNR/HA. The fabricated RGO/AuNR/HA-5FU showed robust, selective targeting and penetrating efficiency against HeLa cells due to the good compatibility and nontoxicity of HA, and showed excellent synergetic antitumor effects through combined chemotherapy (CT) by 5FU and photothermal therapy (PTT) by both RGO and AuNRs under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. More importantly, this synergistic dual therapy based on RGO/AuNR/HA can also minimize side effects in normal cells and exhibits greater antitumor activity because of a multi-stage drug release ability triggered by the pH sensitivity of HA in the first stage and the combined photothermal conversion capabilities of RGO and AuNRs by means of the NIR laser irradiation in the second stage. This study suggests that the novel RGO/AuNR/HA multi-stage drug delivery system may represent a promising potential application of multifunctional composite materials in the biomedical field.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Manzhou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yazhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Anjian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D010087:Oxides; D006046:Gold; D006108:Graphite; D017886:Durapatite; D005472:Fluorouracil