title: Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide inhibits subgroup J avian leucosis virus infection by directly blocking virus infection and improving immunity.
abstract: Subgroup J avian leucosis virus (ALV-J) generally causes neoplastic diseases, immunosuppression and subsequently increases susceptibility to secondary infection in birds. The spread of ALV-J mainly depends on congenital infection and horizontal contact. Although ALV-J infection causes enormous losses yearly in the poultry industry worldwide, effective measures to control ALV-J remain lacking. In this study, we demonstrated that Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide (TPPPS), a natural polysaccharide extracted from Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen, can significantly inhibit ALV-J replication in vitro by blocking viral adsorption to host cells. Electron microscopy and blocking ELISA tests revealed that TPPPS possibly blocks viral adsorption to host cells by interacting with the glycoprotein 85 protein of ALV-J. Furthermore, we artificially established a congenitally ALV-J-infected chicken model to examine the anti-viral effects of TPPPS in vivo. TPPPS significantly inhibited viral shedding and viral loads in immune organs and largely eliminated the immunosuppression caused by congenital ALV-J infection. Additionally, pre-administration of TPPPS obviously reduced the size and delayed the occurrence of tumors induced by acute oncogenic ALV-J infection. This study revealed the prominent effects and feasible mechanisms of TPPPS in inhibiting ALV-J infection, thereby providing a novel prospect to control ALV-J spread.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Cuilian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, Shandong, 250023, China.
authors.forename: Shifa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Taishan Polytechnic, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Xiuyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Mingxu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Chuanwen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
authors.forename: Ruiliang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000187:drug effects; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects; D017201:Virus Shedding / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides