title: Telesurgery With Miniature Robots to Leverage Surgical Expertise in Distributed Expeditionary Environments.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the capability of performing telesurgery via radio transmission for military arenas where wired internet connections may not be practical. Most existing robotic surgery systems are too large to effectively deploy with first responders. The miniature surgical platform in this study consists of a multifunctional robot suite that can fit easily into a briefcase.
  
  
  
  The focus of this study is to explore the implications of radio control of the robot. The hypothesis is that an in vivo robot and its control boards can be controlled using off-the-shelf wireless components. An experiment was designed with off-the-shelf wireless components to test the capability of our newest generation of miniature surgical robot to become battery-operated and wireless.
  
  
  
  Wireless transmission of control signals has provided proof of concept and has exposed areas of the software that can be built upon to improve responsiveness. Wireless transmission of the video feed can be adequately performed with basic off-the-shelf components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, W342 NH 900 North 16th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reichenbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, W342 NH 900 North 16th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frederick
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, W342 NH 900 North 16th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526.
authors.forename: Lou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cubrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, 10 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06520-8267.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bircher
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Surgical Technology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986245 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6245.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bills
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Surgical Technology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986245 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6245.
authors.forename: Marsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morien
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, W342 NH 900 North 16th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526.
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farritor
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Surgical Technology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986245 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6245.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oleynikov
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D004867:Equipment Design / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D066231:Surgeons / Q000592:standards*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014857:Warfare