title: Whole-embryo culture of Drosophila : development of embryonic tissues in vitro.
abstract: We have devised techniques to culture whole, dissected embryos of Drosophila melanogaster. We examine multiple aspects of the morphological and physiological development of the epidermis, musculature, nervous system, and internal organs in this cultured preparation, and show that in vitro development closely parallels normal embryogenesis. These techniques permit a wide range of experimental manipulations during embryogenesis and allow us to extend observations through late embryonic stages, after cuticle deposition. Applications of this technique are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Kendal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Broadie
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Skaer
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bate
keywords: Drosophila; In vitro; Invertebrate embryogenesis; Tissue culture