title: Metabolomic-guided discovery of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers from body fluid.
abstract: The rapid increase in the older population has made age-related diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) a global concern. Given that there is still no cure for this neurodegenerative disease, the drastic growth in the number of susceptible individuals represents a major emerging threat to public health. The poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying AD is deemed the greatest stumbling block against progress in definitive diagnosis and management of this disease. There is a dire need for biomarkers that can facilitate early diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and treatment response. Efforts have been directed toward discovery of reliable and distinctive AD biomarkers but with very little success. With the recent emergence of high-throughput technology that is able to collect and catalogue vast datasets of small metabolites, metabolomics offers hope for a better understanding of AD and subsequent identification of biomarkers. This review article highlights the potential of using multiple metabolomics platforms as useful means in uncovering AD biomarkers from body fluids. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.|Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Che Nor Adlia
authors.initials: CNA
authors.lastname: Enche Ady
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.|Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siong Meng
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lay Kek
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Teh
authors.affiliation: Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Zaki
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Salleh
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ai-Vyrn
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Maw Pin
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Philip Jun Hua
authors.initials: PJH
authors.lastname: Poi
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shahrul Bahyah
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kamaruzzaman
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.|Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abu Bakar
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abdul Majeed
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.|Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kalavathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; biomarker; dementia; metabolites; metabolomics; multiplatforms