title: Simultaneous Determination of Multi-Mycotoxins in Cereal Grains Collected from South Korea by LC/MS/MS.
abstract: An improved analytical method compared with conventional ones was developed for simultaneous determination of 13 mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3-acetylnivalenol, aflatoxin B₁, aflatoxin B₂, aflatoxin G₁, aflatoxin G₂, fumonisin B₁, fumonisin B₂, T-2, HT-2, zearalenone, and ochratoxin A) in cereal grains by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) after a single immunoaffinity column clean-up. The method showed a good linearity, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in mycotoxin determination by LC/MS/MS. The levels of 13 mycotoxins in 5 types of commercial grains (brown rice, maize, millet, sorghum, and mixed cereal) from South Korea were determined in a total of 507 cereal grains. Mycotoxins produced fromFusariumsp. (fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone) were more frequently (more than 5%) and concurrently detected in all cereal grains along with higher mean levels (4.3-161.0 ng/g) in positive samples than other toxins such as aflatoxins and ochratoxin A (less than 9% and below 5.2 ng/g in positive samples) from other fungal species.
authors.affiliation: National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 5-3 Gimcheon innocity, Nam-myeon, Gimcheon City Gyeongsangbuk-do Province 39660, Korea. anoldmu@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Dong-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea. lunohong@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sung-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea. wodn5000@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jea Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea. gangnangie@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea. leekr0511@naver.com.
authors.forename: Kyu Ri
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea. cobyatk@naver.com.
authors.forename: Tae Kyung
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea. chanlee@cau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea. chungs59@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Soo Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D000066928:Millets; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza; D056910:Republic of Korea; D045868:Sorghum; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins
keywords: HT-2; LC/MS/MS; T-2; aflatoxins; deoxynivalenol; fumonisins; grains; nivalenol; ochratoxin A; zearalenone