title: Human rotavirus strain Wa downregulates NHE1 and NHE6 expressions in rotavirus-infected Caco-2 cells.
abstract: Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis and fatal dehydration in human infants and neonates of different species. However, the pathogenesis of rotavirus-induced diarrhea is poorly understood. Secretory diarrhea caused by rotavirus may lead to a combination of excessive secretion of fluid and electrolytes into the intestinal lumen. Fluid absorption in the small intestine is driven by Na+-coupled transport mechanisms at the luminal membrane, including Na+/H+exchanger (NHE). Here, we performed qRT-PCR to detect the transcription of NHEs. Western blotting was employed for protein detection. Furthermore, immunocytochemistry was used to validate the NHE's protein expression. Finally, intracellular Ca2+concentration was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results demonstrated that the NHE6 mRNA and protein expressed in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). Furthermore, RV-Wa induced decreased expression of the NHE1 and NHE6 in Caco-2 cell in a time-dependent manner. In addition, intracellular Ca2+concentration in RV-Wa-infected Caco-2 cells was higher than that in the mock-infected cells. Furthermore, RV-Wa also can downregulate the expression of calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) in Caco-2 cells. These findings provides important insights into the mechanisms of rotavirus-induced diarrhea. Further studies on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that downregulate NHEs in RV-induced diarrhea are required.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Honglang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guixian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Wenfeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Shumin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Ruoxia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhenying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1, Xincheng Road of Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industry Park, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China. zhaowenchang@126.com.|Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, China. zhaowenchang@126.com.
authors.forename: Wenchang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000821:virology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D000074082:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C490998:SLC9A1 protein, human; C445316:SLC9A6 protein, human; C486775:SLC9A8 protein, human; D000074082:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Mechanism; NHE1; NHE6; NHEs; Rotavirus; Rotavirus-induced diarrhea