title: Effect of pesticides on microbial communities in container aquatic habitats.
abstract: Container aquatic habitats support a specialized community of macroinvertebrates (e.g. mosquitoes) that feed on microbial communities associated with decaying organic matter. These aquatic habitats are often embedded within and around agricultural lands and are frequently exposed to pesticides. We used a microcosm approach to examine the single and combined effects of two herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate), and three insecticides (malathion, carbaryl, permethrin) on microbial communities of container aquatic habitats. MiSeq sequencing of the V4 region of both bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the microbial communities of indoor microcosms that were either exposed to each pesticide alone, a mix of herbicides, a mix of insecticides, or a mix of all five insecticides. Individual insecticides but not herbicides reduced the microbial diversity and richness and two insecticides, carbaryl and permethrin, also altered the microbial community structure. A mixture of herbicides had no effect on microbial diversity or structure but a mixture of insecticides or all five pesticides reduced microbial diversity and altered the community structure. These findings suggest that exposure of aquatic ecosystems to individual pesticides or their mixtures can disrupt aquatic microbial communities and there is need to decipher how these changes affect resident macroinvertebrate communities.
authors.affiliation: Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, USDA, ARS, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL. 61604, USA.
authors.forename: Ephantus J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Muturi
authors.affiliation: High Performance Biological Computing (HPCBio), Roy J Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr. Urbana, IL. 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Ravi Kiran
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Donthu
authors.affiliation: High Performance Biological Computing (HPCBio), Roy J Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr. Urbana, IL. 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Miami, 1300 Campo Sano Ave., Coral Gables, FL. 33146, USA.|Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA.
authors.forename: Imelda K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Moise
authors.affiliation: Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign IL 61820, USA.
authors.forename: Chang-Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity; D012721:Carbaryl / Q000633:toxicity; D009033:Culicidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D017753:Ecosystem; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008294:Malathion / Q000633:toxicity; D026023:Permethrin / Q000633:toxicity; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D001280:Atrazine; D012721:Carbaryl; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D008294:Malathion; D026023:Permethrin; D010575:Pesticides; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate