title: Short Dental Implants Retaining Two-Implant Mandibular Overdentures in Very Old, Dependent Patients: Radiologic and Clinical Observation Up to 5 Years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the survival rate and peri-implant bone loss in very old patients dependent for their activities of daily living (ADL), treated with mandibular two-implant overdentures (IODs) in the context of a previously reported randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 19 patients received two interforaminal Straumann implants (Regular Neck, 4.1 mm diameter, 8 mm length) that were subsequently loaded with Locator attachments, transforming their preexisting inferior conventional denture into an IOD. The primary outcome measures were implant survival rate and radiographically assessed peri-implant bone loss. Secondary outcome measures included peri-implant probing depth and Plaque Index scores, as well as implant mobility. Nutritional state (body mass index and blood markers) and cognitive state (Mini-Mental State Examination) were also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient cohort comprised eight men and 11 women with a mean age of 85.7 ± 6.6 years. The implant survival rate up to 5 years was 94.7%, with one early and one late implant failure. The mean loss of peri-implant bone height was 0.17 mm per year (95% confidence interval: 0.09 to 0.24; P < .001). Peri-implant probing depth and Plaque Index scores were low and stable during the first 2 years, and thereafter increased continuously. Correlation analysis suggests that a reduced cognitive function and nutritional state are not a particular risk factor for accelerated peri-implant bone loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high implant survival and acceptable peri-implant health suggest that neither age nor dependency for the ADLs is a contraindication for the placement of implants. Nevertheless, close monitoring of the patients concerning a potential further functional decline precluding denture management and performing oral hygiene measures is advised.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maniewicz
authors.forename: Ramona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duvernay
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loup
authors.forename: Thomas V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Perneger
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schimmel
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016321:Dental Care for Aged / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D003828:Denture, Overlay; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants