title: Clinical Scoring Systems in Predicting the Outcome of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding; a Narrative Review.
abstract: Prediction of the outcome and severity of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) has significant importance in patient care, disposition, and determining the need for emergent endoscopy. Recent international recommendations endorse using scoring systems for management of non-variceal UGIB patients. To date, different scoring systems have been developed for predicting the risk of 30-day mortality and re-bleeding. We have discussed the screening performance characteristics of Baylor bleeding score, the Rockall risk scoring score, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center predictive index, Glasgow Blatchford score, T-score, and AIMS65 systems, in the present review. Based on the results of this survey, there are only 3 clinical decision rules that can predict the outcome of UGIB patients, independent from endoscopy. Among these, only Glasgow Blatchford score was highly sensitive for predicting the risk of 30-day mortality and re-bleeding, simultaneously.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hanieh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi Bakhtavar
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Morteza Bagi
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rahmani
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Kavous
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shahsavari Nia
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Arezu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ettehadi
keywords: Hemorrhage; decision support techniques; mortality; prognosis; upper gastrointestinal tract