title: Acute Heart Failure: Alternatives to Hospitalization.
abstract: Acute heart failure (HF) is a major public health problem with substantial associated economic costs. Because most patients who present to hospitals are admitted irrespective of their level of risk, novel approaches to manage acute HF are needed, such as the use of same-day access clinics for outpatient diuresis and observation units from the emergency department. Current published data lacks a comprehensive overview of the present state of acute HF management in various clinical settings. This review summarizes the strengths and limitations of acute HF care in the outpatient and emergency department settings. Finally, a variety of innovative technologies that have the potential to improve acute HF management are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Reka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zsilinszka
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mentz
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Adam D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: DeVore
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Zubin J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Eapen
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine and the Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address: adrian.hernandez@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Adrian F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hernandez
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002423:Cause of Death; D019468:Disease Management; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011634:Public Health; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States
keywords: acute heart failure care; management in different clinical settings