title: Exosomes-mediated transfer of long noncoding RNA ZFAS1 promotes gastric cancer progression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  ZFAS1 is a newly identified long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Exosomes mediate cellular communications in cancer by transmitting active molecules. The presence of ZFAS1 in the circulating exosomes and the roles of exosomal ZFAS1 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential roles of exosomal ZFAS1 in GC.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of ZFAS1 was examined in the tumor tissues, serum samples, serum exosomes of GC patients and cell lines using qRT-PCR. The correlation between ZFAS1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The characteristics of exosomes were identified using transmission electron microscope (TEM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), and western blot. The biological roles of ZFAS1 in GC cell growth and mobility were investigated using cell counting, cell colony formation, and transwell migration assay. The potential mechanism of ZFAS1 was demonstrated using flow cytometry, western blot, and qRT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ZFAS1 expression was elevated in GC cells, tumor tissues, serum and serum exosomes of GC patients. The increased ZFAS1 expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage. ZFAS1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells by suppressing cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). On the contrary, ZFAS1 overexpression promoted the proliferation and migration of GC cells. Moreover, ZFAS1 was present in exosomes and could be transmitted by exosomes to enhance GC cell proliferation and migration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ZFAS1 could be delivered by exosomes to promote GC progression, which suggests that ZFAS1 may serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for GC.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.|Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China.|Zhenjiang Emergency Medical Rescuing Center, 1-19 Dingmao Bridge Road, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.|Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.|Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China. pc_jiang@126.com.|Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China. pc_jiang@126.com.
authors.forename: Peng-Cheng
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China. icls@ujs.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wen-Rong
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China. xuzhang@ujs.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D034443:RNA Transport / Q000502:physiology; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; C000611949:ZFAS1 long non-coding RNA, human
keywords: Biomarker; Exosomes; Gastric cancer; LncRNA; ZFAS1