title: The University of Michigan Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery Program.
abstract: In 1928, the University of Michigan opened its thoracic surgery residency under the leadership of Dr John Alexander. Initially tasked with providing surgical care for patients with thoracic diseases such as tuberculosis, thoracic surgery subspecialties now provide surgical treatment for a spectrum of diseases, ranging from congenital cardiopulmonary abnormalities to thoracic malignancy to acquired heart and great vessel diseases. Both the residency and the medical center have evolved to mirror the changing practice of thoracic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: rprager@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Prager
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Bove
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Mark B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Orringer
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000266:history; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education / Q000266:history; D002309:Cardiology / Q000193:education / Q000266:history; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008824:Michigan; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000193:education / Q000266:history
keywords: Cardiac surgery; Cardiovascular center; Congenital cardiac surgery; Resident education; Thoracic surgery