title: Input-Specific Plasticity and Homeostasis at the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction.
abstract: Synaptic connections undergo activity-dependent plasticity during development and learning, as well as homeostatic re-adjustment to ensure stability. Little is known about the relationship between these processes, particularly in vivo. We addressed this with novel quantal resolution imaging of transmission during locomotive behavior at glutamatergic synapses of the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction. We find that two motor input types, Ib and Is, provide distinct forms of excitatory drive during crawling and differ in key transmission properties. Although both inputs vary in transmission probability, active Is synapses are more reliable. High-frequency firing "wakes up" silent Ib synapses and depresses Is synapses. Strikingly, homeostatic compensation in presynaptic strength only occurs at Ib synapses. This specialization is associated with distinct regulation of postsynaptic CaMKII. Thus, basal synaptic strength, short-term plasticity, and homeostasis are determined input-specifically, generating a functional diversity that sculpts excitatory transmission and behavioral function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoagland
authors.affiliation: Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Krishan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Kurtresha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Worden
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Sabrina L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Jun Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Luke P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: ehud@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Ehud Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Isacoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
chemical_list: D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
keywords: CaMKII; Drosophila melanogaster; homeostatic plasticity; input-specific plasticity; neuromuscular junction; optical quantal analysis; release probability; short-term plasticity