title: Parecoxib sodium pretreatment reduces myoclonus after etomidate: A prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial .
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myoclonus induced by etomidate during induction of general anesthesia is a common phenomenon. This prospective, randomized, saline-controlled clinical study was performed to evaluate the effect of parecoxib sodium pretreatment on the incidence and severity of etomidate-induced myoclonus.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II, aged 20 to 60 years, who were scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia, were allocated randomly into one of two groups to receive parecoxib sodium 40 mg intravenous (group P, n = 30) or the same volume of saline (group S, n = 30) 30 minutes before administration of etomidate (0.3 mg/kg). Myoclonus was assessed on a scale of 0 - 3. Postoperative side effects were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups were comparable with regard to baseline characteristics. The incidence of myoclonus was significantly lower in the parecoxib sodium group (11/30; 37%) than in the saline group (21/30; 70%) (p < 0.05). The severity of myoclonic movements was also significantly reduced by parecoxib sodium (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to postoperative side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pretreatment with intravenous injection of parecoxib sodium 40 mg significantly reduced the incidence and severity of etomidate-induced myoclonus without significant side effects. .
authors.forename: Xiuze
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mengjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Chaojing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002681:China; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005045:Etomidate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D007555:Isoxazoles; C409945:parecoxib; D005045:Etomidate