title: Metabolic syndrome components and estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine and/or cystatin C in young adults: A gender issue?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work aims to identify correlations between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine and/or cystatin C (Cr, CysC) with metabolic syndrome (MS) components in young adults, according to gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross sectional study, where young adults aged between 18 and 30 were matched by gender, age and body mass index. All subjects underwent clinical evaluation and blood sampling for laboratory measurements. MS was determined according to the JIS criteria. The eGFR was estimated using CKD-EPI equations (eGFRCr; eGFRCysC; eGFRCr-CysC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated 78 subjects with a mean age of 24.5 years. 10.2% had MS, with higher incidence among males (15.4% ♂ vs. 5.1% ♀). Elevated waist circumference was the MS component most observed. Significant correlations (Pearson; p<0.05) between eGFR and metabolic markers were observed only in males. In addition, we observed a significant association between the increase of MS components and the decay of eGFRCrand eGFRCr-CysC(zero vs. two or more components, ANOVA, p<0.05) only among males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  eGFR decay associated with components of MS and insulin resistance in young male adults could represent a worrying specific risk and indicate that further studies are needed to better understand these findings.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: thaliamedeiros@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Thalia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: nataliarosario@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Natalia Fonseca
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: do Rosário
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: nycoleabreu@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Nycole Abreu
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gama
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: lyrisdemetriomerida@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lyris Anunciata Demétrio
authors.initials: LAD
authors.lastname: Mérida
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: amandasstorch@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amanda Sampaio
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Storch
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: ledaferraz@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Leda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: patricialopes@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Fátima Lopes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: aasilva@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Andrea Alice
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multiusuário de Apoio à Pesquisa em Nefrologia e Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Serviço de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, UFF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: jorgereis@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Jorge Reis
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D055316:Cystatin C; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Glomerular filtration rate; Metabolic syndrome; Young adult