title: Pharmacogenomic Advances in the Prediction and Prevention of Cutaneous Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions.
abstract: Cutaneous idiosyncratic drug reactions (CIDRs) are usually unpredictable, ranging from mild maculopapular exanthema (MPE) to severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) such as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Increasing evidence suggests that HLA alleles are strongly associated with drug-induced-CIDRs. The pathomechanisms for CIDRs include genetic polymorphisms affecting complex immune-specific HLA/drug antigen/T-cell receptor interactions and drug metabolism. Pharmacogenomic tests to prevent CIDRs have been widely implemented in clinical practice in recent years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou, Taiwan.|Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: R-Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou, Taiwan.
authors.forename: R-L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S-I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou, Taiwan.|Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.|Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, China.|College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: W-H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D000071184:Pharmacogenomic Variants; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013262:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens