title: Relationship between Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Intrinsic Corticostriatal Connectivity in Patients with Early Phase Schizophrenia.
abstract: Patients with first-episode psychosis experience psychotic symptoms for a mean of up to 2 years prior to initiation of treatment, and long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Meanwhile, evidence compiled from numerous studies suggests that longer DUP is not associated with structural brain abnormalities. To date, few studies have examined the relationship between DUP and functional neuroimaging measures. In the present study, we used seed-based resting-state functional connectivity to examine the impact of DUP on corticostriatal circuitry. We included 83 patients with early phase schizophrenia and minimal exposure to antipsychotic drugs (<2 years), who underwent resting state scanning while entering 12 weeks of prospective treatment with second-generation antipsychotic drugs. Functional connectivity maps of the striatum were generated and examined in relation to DUP as a covariate. Mediation analyses were performed on a composite measure of corticostriatal connectivity derived from the significant results of our DUP analysis. We found that longer DUP correlated with worse response to treatment as well as overall decreased functional connectivity between striatal nodes and specific regions within frontal and parietal cortices. Moreover, the relationship between DUP and treatment response was significantly mediated by corticostriatal connectivity. Our results indicate that variation in corticostriatal circuitry may play a role in the relationship between longer DUP and worsened response to treatment. Future prospective studies are necessary to further characterize potential causal links between DUP, striatal circuitry and clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Deepak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sarpal
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.|Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Delbert G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fales
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.|Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lencz
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.|Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Miklos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Argyelan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Karlsgodt
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gallego
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Majnu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.|Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.|James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Szeszko
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.|Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Malhotra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen