title: Advances in heart failure: a review of biomarkers, emerging pharmacological therapies, durable mechanical support and telemonitoring.
abstract: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of diagnosis, prognosis and management of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Specifically, this review is divided into three sections. The first section will address biomarkers. The discovery of biomarkers has allowed further understanding of the pathophysiology of HF and provides insight into potential therapeutic targets. This review will focus on novel applications of natriuretic peptides (NPs) in clinical trials. Next, emerging biomarkers of HF, such as ST2, galectin-3 and copeptin, will be discussed. The second section aims to highlight HF therapies, including novel drugs and durable devices. The last section will review home haemodynamic monitoring and mobile health. We aim to provide context for the understanding of novel diagnostic and therapeutic advances in HF that are still in phase II or III trials, and have yet to become widely available.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Yasbanoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moayedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada heather.ross@uhn.ca.|Director of Cardiac Transplant Program, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D015415:Biomarkers; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents
keywords: biomarker; emerging therapies; heart failure; personalized medicine; telemonitoring