title: Catching up with wonderful women: The women-are-wonderful effect is smaller in more gender egalitarian societies.
abstract: Inequalities between men and women are common and well-documented. Objective indexes show that men are better positioned than women in societal hierarchies-there is no single country in the world without a gender gap. In contrast, researchers have found that the women-are-wonderful effect-that women are evaluated more positively than men overall-is also common. Cross-cultural studies on gender equality reveal that the more gender egalitarian the society is, the less prevalent explicit gender stereotypes are. Yet, because self-reported gender stereotypes may differ from implicit attitudes towards each gender, we reanalysed data collected across 44 cultures, and (a) confirmed that societal gender egalitarianism reduces the women-are-wonderful effect when it is measured more implicitly (i.e. rating the personality of men and women presented in images) and (b) documented that the social perception of men benefits more from gender egalitarianism than that of women.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Management Sciences, DHA SUFFA University, Karachi, Pakistan.
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authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Colombia.
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authors.affiliation: Social Sciences Research Center, University of New York Tirana, Tirana, Albania.
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authors.forename: Eleonora
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mesh_terms: D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D012938:Social Perception; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Culture; Gender egalitarianism; Gender stereotypes; Implicit attitudes; Social cognition