title: Two Triacylglycerol Pathway Genes, CTDNEP1 and LPIN1, are Down-Regulated by hsa-miR-122-5p in Hepatocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expression of miR-122 is highly specific to hepatocytes of the liver.  This miRNA is involved in lipid hemostasis of the tissue; however, there is no comprehensive understanding of its function in lipid hemostasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since hepatocytes are responsible for part of Triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis in the body, we hypothesized that miR-122, as the most abundant miRNA in the tissue, might regulate TAG metabolism by targeting key enzymes that are involved in its production pathway. A systematic computational analysis of putative targets of miR-122 identified CTDNEP1 and LPIN1 genes in the TAG pathway. We used dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR as well as western blot to confirm the repressive effect of miR-122 on CTDNEP1 and LPIN1 in TAG pathway.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Real time PCR on liver needle biopsies with hepatosteatosis showed that miR-122 is up-regulated in hepatosteatosis. Surprisingly, the protein and RNA level of identified targets of miR-122 are also up-regulated in clinical samples, probably as a disproportionate feedback response to the high level of miR-122.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that up-regulation of miR-122 can trigger the compensatory response of LPIN1 and CTDNEP1 in hepatosteatosis.
authors.affiliation: Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naderi
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pazouki
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arefian
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mahmoud
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jamshidi-Adegani
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gholamalamdari
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Kayhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Azadmanesh
authors.affiliation: Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Siamak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirab Samiee
authors.affiliation: Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merat
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gholami Fesharaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mondanizadeh
authors.affiliation: Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vasei
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soleimani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010711:Phosphatidate Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C531907:MIRN122 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; C499225:CTDNEP1 protein, human; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; C485999:LPIN1 protein, human; D010711:Phosphatidate Phosphatase