title: Protective effects of Zn2+against cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt chloride-induced cytotoxicity of RAW 264.7cells via ROS pathway.
abstract: Recent concerns have emerged surrounding the toxicity that cobalt may represent when used in MOM implants. Owing to corrosion and wear of MOM implants, the subsequent released cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) or Co ions (Co2+) can cause adverse reactions, such as the generation of pseudotumors, extensive necrosis, early osteolysis, and implants failure. The present study confirmed that CoNPs and Co2+can induce dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity with increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, using metallothionein (MT), a heavy metal-binding protein, the present study assessed the protective effects of Zn2+against CoNPs and Co2+-induced cytotoxicity of RAW 264.7 cells through ROS pathway. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying protective mechanisms in vitro. However, the current findings indicate that the ROS pathway may be a potential target for therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Yake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: liufannt57@163.com.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003035:Cobalt / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003035:Cobalt; D008668:Metallothionein; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Cobalt; Cytotoxicity; Metallothionein; Radical oxygen species; Zn(2+)