title: Consumption of Bt Maize Pollen Containing Cry1Ie Does Not Negatively Affect Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
abstract: Propylea japonica(Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are prevalent predators and pollen feeders in East Asian maize fields. They are therefore indirectly (via prey) and directly (via pollen) exposed to Cry proteins withinBt-transgenic maize fields. The effects of Cry1Ie-producing transgenic maize pollen on the fitness ofP. japonicawas assessed using two dietary-exposure experiments in the laboratory. In the first experiment, survival, larval developmental time, adult fresh weight, and fecundity did not differ between ladybirds consumingBtor non-Btmaize pollen. In the second experiment, none of the tested lethal and sublethal parameters ofP. japonicawere negatively affected when fed a rapeseed pollen-based diet containing Cry1Ie protein at 200 μg/g dry weight of diet. In contrast, the larval developmental time, adult fresh weight, and fecundity ofP. japonicawere significantly adversely affected when fed diet containing the positive control compound E-64. In both experiments, the bioactivity of the Cry1Ie protein in the food sources was confirmed by bioassays with a Cry1Ie-sensitive lepidopteran species. These results indicated thatP. japonicaare not affected by the consumption of Cry1Ie-expressing maize pollen and are not sensitive to the Cry1Ie protein, suggesting that the growing ofBtmaize expressing Cry1Ie protein will pose a negligible risk toP. japonica.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. liyonghuind@126.com.|State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. liyonghuind@126.com.
authors.forename: Yonghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. liuyanmin2017@163.com.
authors.forename: Yanmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China. xinmingyin@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xinming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. joerg.romeis@agroscope.admin.ch.|Agroscope, Biosafety Research Group, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland. joerg.romeis@agroscope.admin.ch.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Romeis
authors.affiliation: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130124, China. songxinyuan1980@163.com.
authors.forename: Xinyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. xpchen@ippcaas.cn.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. llgeng@ippcaas.cn.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. yfpeng@ippcaas.cn.
authors.forename: Yufa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. liyunhe@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Yunhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000633:toxicity*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011058:Pollen; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins
keywords: Bt maize; Cry1Ie; environmental risk assessment; ladybirds; non-target effects