title: Toxicological features of maleilated polyflavonoids from Pinus radiata (D. Don.) as potential functional additives for biomaterials design.
abstract: Polyflavonoids from Pinus radiata (D. Don.) are an abundant natural oligomers highly desirable as renewable chemicals. However, structural modification of polyflavonoids is a viable strategy in order to use such polyphenols as macrobuilding-blocks for biomaterial design. Polyflavonoids were esterified with three five-member cyclic anhydrides (maleic, itaconic, and citraconic) at 20 °C during 24 h in order to diversify physicochemical-, and biological-properties for agricultural, and food-packaging applications. In addition, the influence of the chemical modification, as well as the chemical structure of the grafting on toxicological features was evaluated. Structural features of derivatives were analyzed by spectroscopy (FT-IR and1H-NMR), and the degree of substitution was calculated. Toxicological profile was assessed by using three target species in a wide range of concentration (0.01-100 mgL-1). Effect of polyflavonoids on the growth rate (Selenastrum capricornutum), mortality (Daphnia magna), and germination and radicle length (Lactuca sativa) was determined. Chemical modification affects the toxicological profile on the derivatives in a high extent. Results described remarkable differences in function of the target specie. The bioassays indicate differences of the polyflavonoids toxicological profile associated to the chemical structure of the grafting. Results allowed conclude that polyflavonoids from pine bark show slight toxic properties.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (UCSC), Concepción, Biobío, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), UCSC, Biobío, Chile; Investigador Asociado Área de Productos Químicos, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Biobío, Chile. Electronic address: dgarcia@ucsc.cl.
authors.forename: Danny E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Toxicología, Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, UCSC, Concepción, Biobío, Chile.
authors.forename: Paulina A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Toxicología, Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, UCSC, Concepción, Biobío, Chile.
authors.forename: Valentina I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D001681:Biological Assay; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Daphnia; Lactuca; Polyflavonoids; Selenastrum; Toxicology assay