title: Amorphous Hole-Transporting Material based on 2,2'-Bis-substituted 1,1'-Biphenyl Scaffold for Application in Perovskite Solar Cells.
abstract: Perovskite solar cells are considered a promising technology for solar-energy conversion, with power conversion efficiencies currently exceeding 20 %. In most of the reported devices, Spiro-OMeTAD is used for positive-charge extraction and transport layer. Although a number of alternative hole-transporting materials with different aromatic or heteroaromatic fragments have already been synthesized, a cheap and well-performing hole-transporting material is still in high demand. In this work, a two-step synthesis of a carbazole-based hole-transporting material is presented. Synthesized compounds exhibited amorphous nature, good solubility and thermal stability. The perovskite solar cells employing the newly synthesized material generated a power conversion efficiency of 16.5 % which is slightly lower than that obtained with Spiro-OMeTAD (17.5 %). The low-cost synthesis and high performance makes our hole-transport material promising for applications in perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas, 50254, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Artiom
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magomedov
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, Vilnius, 10222, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Egidijus
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kamarauskas
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas, 50254, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Gabrielė
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jokubauskaitė
authors.affiliation: M. Franckevičius, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanorių Ave. 231, Vilnius, LT-, 02300, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franckevičius
authors.affiliation: Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, Vilnius, 10222, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Vygintas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jankauskas
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
authors.forename: Henry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Snaith
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas, 50254, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Vytautas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Getautis
keywords: carbazoles; materials science; perovskites; semiconductors; solar cells