title: Lipid response patterns in acute phase paediatricPlasmodium falciparummalaria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have observed serum lipid changes during malaria infection in humans. All of them were focused at analysis of lipoproteins, not specific lipid molecules. The aim of our study was to identify novel patterns of lipid species in malaria infected patients using lipidomics profiling, to enhance diagnosis of malaria and to evaluate biochemical pathways activated during parasite infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a multivariate characterization approach, 60 samples were representatively selected, 20 from each category (mild, severe and controls) of the 690 study participants between age of 0.5-6 years. Lipids from patient's plasma were extracted with chloroform/methanol mixture and subjected to lipid profiling with application of the LCMS-QTOF method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed a structured plasma lipid response among the malaria-infected patients as compared to healthy controls, demonstrated by higher levels of a majority of plasma lipids with the exception of even-chain length lysophosphatidylcholines and triglycerides with lower mass and higher saturation of the fatty acid chains. An inverse lipid profile relationship was observed when plasma lipids were correlated to parasitaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates how mapping the full physiological lipid response in plasma from malaria-infected individuals can be used to understand biochemical processes during infection. It also gives insights to how the levels of these molecules relate to acute immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda.|Department of Immunology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, 8 Ireland.|Rwanda Military Hospital, P.O. Box: 3377, Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orikiiriza
authors.affiliation: Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Izabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Surowiec
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lindquist
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonde
authors.affiliation: Rwanda Military Hospital, P.O. Box: 3377, Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Magambo
authors.affiliation: Rwanda Military Hospital, P.O. Box: 3377, Kigali, Rwanda.|Department of Immmunology and Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muhinda
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.|Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.|Umeå Center for Microbial Research, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bergström
authors.affiliation: Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trygg
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.|Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.|Umeå Center for Microbial Research, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.|Division of Infectious Diseases, Department Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Normark
keywords: Lipidomics profiling; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; Triacylglycerides