title: [Management of Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors].
abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab, the anti-PD-1 antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab, and the anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab had produced long-lasting tumor responses in several malignancies. Immune-related Adverse Events(irAEs)which are different from adverse events of conventional chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy, occur as a consequence of impaired self-tolerance from loss of T-cell inhibition. The main irAEs of immune checkpoint inhibitors include dermatological, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, hepatic, endocrine, renal toxicities. Every organ system can be potentially involved, but nivolumab, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab have a different toxicity profile with fewer high grade events compared with ipilimumab. In this article, we provide an approach to appropriate management for each class of irAEs.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Outpatient Services, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital.
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horio
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents