title: Microwave-enhanced pyrolysis of macroalgae and microalgae for syngas production.
abstract: In this study, three different marine biomasses, i.e., microalgae-spirulina, chlorella and macroalgae-porphyra, were pyrolyzed in a laboratory-scale multimode-microwave cavity at 400, 550 and 700°C. Ovalbumin and cellulose were also chosen as model compounds to simulate algae. The influence of heating rate on pyrolysis and the βi curves of different samples under different temperatures were studied in detail. The porphyra was found to be the most reactive and produced the largest gaseous fraction (87.1wt%) amongst the three algae, which comprised of 73.3vol% of syngas. It was found that nitrogenated compounds in bio-oil were derived from protein in algae while carbohydrate led to the formation of PAHs. For the production of bio-oil, protein-rich microalgae is favorable compared with porphyra due to their lower amount of PAHs, while porphyra is more suitable for the production of H2+CO rich gas product, which is comparable with that of conventional gasification processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
authors.forename: Wanru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: New Materials Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China; Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion Technologies, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China; New Materials Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
authors.forename: Chengheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lester
authors.affiliation: New Materials Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China; Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion Technologies, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China. Electronic address: tao.wu@nottingham.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D002708:Chlorella; D058086:Microalgae; D008872:Microwaves; D012624:Seaweed
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels
keywords: Bio-oil; Macroalgae; Microalgae; Microwave-enhanced pyrolysis; Syngas