title: Surgical Treatment of Tattoo Complications.
abstract: With a continuing increase in the number of tattoos performed worldwide, the need to treat tattoo complications is growing. Earlier treatments of chronic inflammatory tattoo reactions were dominated by a medical approach, or with no active intervention. In this chapter, we will address modern surgical approaches applied to situations when medical treatment is inefficient and lasers are not applicable. Dermatome shaving is positioned as first-line treatment of allergic tattoo reactions and also indicated in a number of other tattoo reactions, supplemented with excision in selected cases. The methods allow fundamental treatment with removal of the culprit pigment from the dermis. The different instruments, surgical methods, and treatment schedules are reviewed, and a guide to surgeons is presented. Postoperative treatments and the long-term outcomes are described in detail. An algorithm on specialist treatment and follow-up of tattoo reactions, which can be practiced in other countries, is presented.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sepehri
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003718:Denmark; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects*