title: Probing the efficacy of a heterologous Leishmania/L. Viannia braziliensis recombinant enolase as a candidate vaccine to restrict the development of L. infantum in BALB/c mice.
abstract: In the present study, the Leishmania braziliensis enolase protein was evaluated as a vaccine candidate against visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The DNA sequence was cloned and the recombinant protein (rEnolase) was evaluated as a vaccine, associated with saponin, as an immune adjuvant. The protective efficacy of the rEnolase plus saponin combination was investigated in BALB/c mice against Leishmania infantum infection. The results revealed that the vaccine induced higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, and GM-CSF when a capture ELISA and flow cytometry were performed, as well as an antileishmanial nitrite production after using in vitro stimulation with rEnolase and an antigenic Leishmania preparation. The vaccinated animals, when compared to the control groups, showed a lower parasite burden in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and paws' draining lymph nodes when both a limiting dilution technique and RT-PCR assay were performed. In addition, these mice showed low levels of antileishmanial IL-4, IL-10, and anti-Leishmania IgG1 isotype antibodies. Partial protection was associated with IFN-γ production, which was mainly mediated by CD4+T cells. In conclusion, the present study's data showed that the L. braziliensis enolase protein could be considered a vaccine candidate that offers heterologous protection against VL.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thaís T O
authors.initials: TTO
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vívian T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Lage
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lourena E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Beatriz C S
authors.initials: BCS
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana M R S
authors.initials: AMRS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia A F
authors.initials: PAF
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chávez-Fumagalli
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, 88806-000, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Machado-de-Ávila
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Roatt
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: de Magalhães-Soares
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Menezes-Souza
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: eduardoferrazcoelho@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Eduardo A F
authors.initials: EAF
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000276:immunology; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase
keywords: Enolase; Immune response; Leishmania braziliensis; Leishmania infantum; Vaccine