title: Testing a Military Family Stress Model.
abstract: The current study examines a military family stress model, evaluating associations between deployment-related stressors (i.e., deployment length/number, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptoms) and parent, child, parenting, and dyadic adjustment among families in which a parent had previously deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan in the recent conflicts. Married families (N = 293) with at least one child between the ages of 4 and 12 were recruited from a Midwestern state. Service members were from the Reserve Component (National Guard or Reserves); fathers (N = 253) and/or mothers had deployed (N = 45) to the recent conflicts in the Middle East. Multiple-method (observations of parenting and couple interactions; questionnaires) and multiple informant measures were gathered online and in the homes of participants, from parents, children, and teachers. Findings demonstrated associations between mothers' and fathers' PTSD symptoms and a latent variable of child adjustment comprising teacher, parent, and child report. Mothers' but not fathers' PTSD symptoms were also associated with dyadic adjustment and parenting practices; parenting practices were in turn associated with child adjustment. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for military family stress research and interventions to support and strengthen parents and families after deployment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Social Science & Institute of Child Development, & Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
authors.forename: Abigail H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Gewirtz
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Methodology, Policy, and Leadership, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: DeGarmo
authors.affiliation: Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Osnat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zamir
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005195:Family Relations / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D047830:Gulf War; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology; D066067:Military Family / Q000523:psychology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States
keywords: Children; Couples; Families; Family Stress Model; Military; familias; militares; modelo de estrés familiar; niños; parejas; 伴侣; 儿童; 家庭; 家庭压力模型; 部队