title: [DRESS syndrome in paediatrics: Clinical case].
abstract: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, potentially life-threatening, drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction that includes skin eruption, haematological abnormalities, lymphadenopathy, and internal organ involvement.
  
  
  
  Presenting a rare condition in children, to facilitate a rapid diagnostic suspicion and recognition by doctors.
  
  
  
  An 9 months old infant admitted due to a severe viral pneumonia, managed with non-invasive ventilation and ceftriaxone. Five days after stopping antibiotics, a confluent maculopapular rash appeared, which was predominantly in the trunk, face and upper extremities, combined with a fever, eosinophilia, and elevated serum levels of transaminase. She received treatment with oral prednisone and topical corticosteroids for 6 weeks, with a good outcome after 3 months.
  
  
  
  The diagnosis of DRESS syndrome is made using clinical criteria, laboratory values, and histopathology, if there is any query. Although it is classically caused by anticonvulsants and sulphonamides, many other drugs have been implicated. The offending drug should be immediately discontinued and the patient given supportive treatment, and systemic corticosteroids for long periods of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva-Feistner
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rojas-Lechuga
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D063926:Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D011241:Prednisone