title: Decellularized bone extracellular matrix and human dental pulp stem cells as a construct for bone regeneration.
abstract: Dental pulp tissue represents a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have a strong differentiation potential towards the osteogenic lineage. The objective of the current study was to examine in vitro osteogenic induction of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured on hydrogel scaffolds derived from decellularized bone extracellular matrix (bECM) compared to collagen type I (Col-I), the major component of bone matrix. DPSCs in combination with bECM hydrogels were cultured under three different conditions: basal medium, osteogenic medium and medium supplemented with growth factors (GFs) and cell growth, mineral deposition, gene and protein expression were investigated. The DPSCs/bECM hydrogel constructs cultured in basal medium showed that cells were viable after three weeks and that the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) were significantly upregulated in the absence of extra osteogenic inducers compared to Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. In addition, the protein expression levels of BSP and osteocalcin were higher on bECM with respect to Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. Furthermore, DPSCs/bECM hydrogels cultured with osteogenic or GFs supplemented medium displayed a higher upregulation of the osteo-specific markers compared to Col-I hydrogels in identical media. Collectively, our results demonstrate that bECM hydrogels might be considered as suitable scaffolds to support osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
authors.affiliation: a Tecnologica Research Institute, Biomedical Section , Crotone , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paduano
authors.affiliation: b Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Calabrodental , Crotone , Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marrelli
authors.affiliation: c School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK.
authors.forename: Noura
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alom
authors.affiliation: c School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK.
authors.forename: Mahetab
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amer
authors.affiliation: c School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK.
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: c School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shakesheff
authors.affiliation: a Tecnologica Research Institute, Biomedical Section , Crotone , Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatullo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*
keywords: Bone extracellular matrix (bECM); bone regeneration; dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs); hydrogels; scaffolds