title: The Role of Inflammatory Processes in Occurrence of Left Ventricular Failure in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, the relationship between increased level of inflammatory mediators and occurrence of left ventricular failure in patients with kidney disease has been suggested. The present study attempted to assess relationship between inflammatory mediators and occurrence of left ventricular failure in patients with chronic kidney disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was performed at Noor and Hazrat Aliasghar hospital in Isfahan between September 2012 to September 2013 on patients aged >19 years that referred for following their chronic kidney disease. Serum level of inflammatory parameters including C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured using spectrophotometer. All patients were also assessed using M-mode echocardiography to determine left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group with significant reduced LVEF showed lower GFR when compared to the normal LVEF group (40.73 ± 20.61%versus44.43 ± 17.98%,P= 0.032). Comparing GFR across the three groups with normal LVEF (>55%), with mild LV dysfunction (LVEF: 45 - 55) those with significant LV dysfunction (LVEF < 45%) showed significantly lower GFR level in latter group compared with normal LVEF and mild LV dysfunction group (P= 0.026). Although the level of serum CRP was significantly higher in patients with significant left ventricular failure than other groups (P= 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inflammatory processes can potentially affect left ventricular function in patients with chronic kidney disease. In this regard, increased level of CRP may be a main factor for predicting severity of left ventricular failure in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shemirani
authors.affiliation: Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tavakol
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolamir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atapoor
authors.affiliation: Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Jafar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Golshahi
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; ejection fraction; inflammation; left ventricle