title: Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated Levofloxacin: For Improved Antibacterial Activity Over Levofloxacin Alone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Levofloxacin is a potent antibiotic with severe side effects due to its high doses. Bacterial resistance may be due to frequent use of antibiotics. Biogenic gold nanoparticles conjugated levofloxacin (Au-HSA-LvN-NPs) were developed by Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and nitrate reductasemediated pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  Au-HSA-LvN-NPs (size = 27.2 ± 1 nm) were readily generated with high emulsion stability zeta potential (-13.3 mV). The developed nanoparticles were also characterized by UVvisible spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The optimized nanoparticles were found efficient against both Gram-positive bacteria and Gramnegative bacteria specifically S. aureus (MIC-0.373 µg/ml), E. coli (MIC-0.149 µg/ml) and P. aeruginosa (MIC-0.346 µg/ml) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficiency of bioconjugated levofloxacin got improved by 1.94 times, 2.89 times and 1.46 times against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa respectively, in comparison to pure levofloxacin.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow 226026. India.
authors.forename: Paramdeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bagga
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow 226026. India.
authors.forename: Hifazat Hussain
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow 226026. India.
authors.forename: Juber
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow 226026. India.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026. India.
authors.forename: Manaal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zahera
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026. India.
authors.forename: Mohd Sajid
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D064704:Levofloxacin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010316:Particle Size; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D006046:Gold
keywords: Gold nanoparticles; antibiotics; human serum albumin; levofloxacin; nitrate reductase; zeta potential