title: Improved method for effective rock microporosity estimation using X-ray microtomography.
abstract: Petrophysical analysis using X-ray microtomography provides key textural and compositional information, useful to investigate porous media characteristics of hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs. Several approaches, used for rock porosity estimation from tomography data, rely mainly on visual or mathematical segmentation algorithms that attempt to obtain thresholding values to segment a phase solved by pixel analysis resolution. Therefore, porosity is evaluated using only pores above pixel resolution (macroporosity), and dismiss pores sized less than the pixel resolution (microporosity) that can be essential to characterize permeability conditions of geothermal reservoirs. Here we propose an improved method to calculate the total effective porosity and simulate the absolute permeability of rock samples. This method combines the analysis of X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) with the interpretation of data using a powerful thresholding method that is based on the greyscale interclass variance. The 3D volume is segmented into three domains: solid, pores above resolution and, an intermediate region where each pore below resolution is linearly combined with solid matrix resulting in a grey scaled pixel equal to this combination. For the intermediate region, the microporosity was calculated employing a Matlab code that provides a new thresholding value containing pores, both above and below resolution (total porosity). Finally, by using this new calculated thresholding value the total effective porosity was obtained and an absolute permeability simulation was implemented only to the connected pores. Our results show that micropores contribute for nearly 50 percent of the total porosity and that microporosity plays a key role in estimating effective porosity, and assessing the geothermal potential of a rock reservoir.
authors.affiliation: X-ray Microtomography Laboratory (LUMIR), Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, 76230, Mexico; Energy Futures Lab, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. Electronic address: hectorcid@geociencias.unam.mx.
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Cid
authors.affiliation: X-ray Microtomography Laboratory (LUMIR), Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, 76230, Mexico.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carrasco-Núñez
authors.affiliation: X-ray Microtomography Laboratory (LUMIR), Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, 76230, Mexico; National Institute of Earth Physics, Magurele, Ilfov 077825, Romania; Computational Geodynamics Laboratory, Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, Mexico.
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Manea
keywords: Effective porosity; Macroporosity; Microporosity; Permeability; X-ray microtomography