title: NovelAcinetobacter parvusHANDI 309 microbial biomass for the production ofN-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) using swollen chitin substrate in submerged fermentation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc)6is extensively used as an important bio-agent and a functional food additive. The traditional chemical process for GlcNAc production has some problems such as high production cost, low yield, and acidic pollution. Therefore, to discover a novel chitinase that is suitable for bioconversion of chitin to GlcNAc would be of great value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we describe the complete isolation and functional characterization of a novel exo-chitinase fromAcinetobacter parvusHANDI 309 for the conversion of chitin. The identified exo-chitinase mainly producedN-acetyl-d-glucosamine, using chitin as a substrate by submerged fermentation. TheA. parvusHANDI 309 biofuels producing exo-chitinase were characterized by TLC, and was further validated and quantified by HPLC. Furthermore, the optimal temperature and pH for the exo-chitinase activity was obtained in the culture conditions of 30 °C and 7.0, respectively. The maximum growth of the stationary phase was reached in 24 h after incubation. These results suggest thatA. parvusHANDI 309 biofuels producing exo-chitinases may have great potential in chitin toN-acetyl-d-glucosamine conversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The excellent thermostability and hydrolytic properties may give the exo-chitinase great potential in chitin to GlcNAc conversion in industry. This is the first report thatA. parvusHANDI 309 is a novel bacterial strain that has the ability to produce an enormous amount of exo-chitinase-producing bio-agents in a short time on an industrial scale without any pretreatment, as well as being potentially valuable in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Il
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Seok
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ki
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Mayakrishnan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijayakumar
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, #114, Shinbang 1Gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 331-801 South Korea.
authors.forename: Beom Young
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Acinetobacter parvus; Calves; Chitin; Chitinase; Feces; N-acetyl-d-glucosamine