title: Association of the Baltic Sea and Mediterranean diets with indices of sarcopenia in elderly women, OSPTRE-FPS study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether higher adherence to Baltic Sea diet (BSD) and Mediterranean diet (MED) have beneficial association with sarcopenia indices in elderly women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total 554 women, aged 65-72 years belonging to OSTPRE-FPS study answered a questionnaire on lifestyle factors and 3-day food record at baseline in 2002. Food consumptions and nutrient intakes were calculated. Nine components were selected to calculate BSD score. MED score was calculated using eight components. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical function measures included walking speed 10 m, chair rises, one leg stance, knee extension, handgrip strength and squat at baseline and at year 3. Sarcopenia and short physical performance battery (SPPB) score were defined based on the European working group on sarcopenia criteria. Lower body muscle quality (LBMQ) was calculated as walking speed 10 m/leg muscle mass.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women in the higher quartiles of BSD and MED scores lost less relative skeletal muscle index and total body lean mass (LM) over 3-year follow-up (Ptrend≤ 0.034). At the baseline, women in the higher BSD score quartiles had greater LM, faster walking speed 10 m, greater LBMQ, higher SPPB score (Ptrend≤ 0.034), and higher proportion of squat test completion. Similarly, women in the higher quartiles of MED sore had significantly faster walking speed 10 m, greater LBMQ (Ptrend≤ 0.041) and higher proportion of squat test completion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better diet quality as measured by higher adherence to BSD and MED might reduce the risk of sarcopenia in elderly women.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, Finland. masoud.isanejad@uef.fi.|Kuopio Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland. masoud.isanejad@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-5152
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isanejad
authors.affiliation: Kuopio Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.|Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Joonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sirola
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mursu
authors.affiliation: Kuopio Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rikkonen
authors.affiliation: Kuopio Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.|Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kröger
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaegology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Marjo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuppurainen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Arja T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Erkkilä
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Baltic Sea diet; Mediterranean diet; Muscle mass; Physical function; Sarcopenia