title: Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for Tumors Larger than 7 cm in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Initial Experience of Single-Institution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To report our initial experience dealing with retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for tumors larger than 7 cm in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 patients with malignant tumors larger than 7 cm underwent retroperitoneal LPN at our institution. Patient baseline demographics, perioperative outcomes, pathological characteristics, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were analyzed retrospectively in our collected database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor size is 7.5 (7.1-9.0) cm. Nine (60.00%) patients, 4 (26.67%) patients, and 2 (13.33%) patients suffered from preoperative chronic kidney disease (CKD) at stage I, II, and III, respectively. The median operating time was 121 (90-330) minutes and the warm ischemia time (WIT) was 29 (12-45) minutes, with the estimated blood loss of 50 (10-1200) mL. The preoperative eGFR was 81.26 mL/min per 1.73 m2(ranging from 56.15 to 140.47), eGFR on 1 and 30 days postoperative was 70.49 mL/min per 1.73 m2(ranging from 50.32 to 137.73) and 75.13 mL/min per 1.73 m2(ranging from 54.07 to 142.99), respectively. At last follow-up, the eGFR was 72.78 mL/min per 1.73 m2(ranging from 51.28 to 137.86); no stage migration for CKD was observed. Major complications included 2 patients requiring blood transfusions and 1 patient performing renal vein suture as well as single leak.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our initial experience suggests that retroperitoneal LPN maybe a feasible, safe, and effective procedure for selected tumors larger than 7 cm in RCC, with the advantage of renal function preservation and acceptable major surgical complications. Tumor size might not be the contraindication of LPN in the treatment of selected tumors.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urinary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, P.R. China .|2 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Erlin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Chinese PLA Medical Academy/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urinary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Ruihua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Chinese PLA Medical Academy/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Chinese PLA Medical Academy/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Chinese PLA Medical Academy/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Baojun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Chinese PLA Medical Academy/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Taoping
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Chinese PLA Medical Academy/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Shengkun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
keywords: partial nephrectomy; renal cell carcinoma; retroperitoneal laparoscopy; stage T2