title: A prospective study of the role of intralesional bleomycin in orbital lymphangioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional bleomycin injection in the management of lymphangiomas of the orbit.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective noncomparative interventional case study included 13 patients with orbital lymphangiomas. Reconstituted bleomycin 1-5 ml (0.5 IU/kg body weight; maximum, 15 IU/ml) was injected with 2% lignocaine in the lesion as seen on imaging or, in deeper lesions, under ultrasound guidance. Repeat injections were administered when required after every 4 weeks. The decision to retreat was based on clinical and radiological evidence of response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were treated with 1-6 injections of bleomycin 0.5 IU/kg body weight. Dramatic response was achieved in all cases. During the mean follow-up period of 19.69 months (range, 7-26 months) none of the patients experienced recurrence or significant complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this patient cohort lymphangiomas of the orbit showed favorable and promising results with intralesional injections of bleomycin. This treatment should be considered as a first-line therapy for lymphangiomas of the orbit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oculoplasty, Orbit, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Nirav D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Raichura
authors.affiliation: Department of Oculoplasty, Orbit, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Md Shahid
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: VRR Scans, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Veena Olma
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Noronha
authors.affiliation: Department of Oculoplasty, Orbit, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: beas003@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Bipasha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D009915:Orbit; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D001761:Bleomycin