title: Drug adherence in hypertension: from methodological issues to cardiovascular outcomes.
abstract: : Adherence to treatment is now well recognized as a crucial key in the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs; however, it is often overlooked in the management of hypertension because methodology to assess it is partly unreliable and limits its use in clinical practice. The available evidence suggests that nonadherence is highly prevalent in a chronic asymptomatic condition such as hypertension. It may undermine benefits expected from antihypertensive agents and therefore, may negatively impact cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal outcomes. In this review, we discuss the methodological issues related to the measurement of drug adherence in a research setting and clinical practice, the prevalence and the impact of drug nonadherence on blood pressure control and thus in apparent resistant hypertension, and on cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal outcomes.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Pharmacology, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris bDepartment of Hypertension, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou cParis-Descartes University dINSERM UMRS970 eINSERM CIC1418, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Idir
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hamdidouche
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jullien
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boutouyrie
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Billaud
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azizi
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laurent
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000503:physiopathology; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers