title: Can the amount of digestible undegraded protein offered to ewes during late pregnancy affect the performance and immune response of their offspring to gastrointestinal nematodes?
abstract: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is a major environmental influence on foetal development with consequent effects on postnatal performance. We hypothesised that the level of intake of digestible undegraded protein (DUP) by the dam in late pregnancy would impact on the effectiveness of the immune response by offspring to gastrointestinal nematode infection. Eighty-five twin/triplet-bearing ewes, which were indoors from mid-pregnancy, were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups for the final 6 weeks of pregnancy. Treatments were silage plus one of two iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous concentrates (differing in DUP concentration; 29 and 94g/kg DM) offered at one of two feed levels (18/30 and 24/35kg in total for twin/triplet-bearing ewes, respectively). Ewes with triplets had one lamb removed at birth so that all ewes nursed 2 lambs when put to pasture as one flock in a 5-paddock rotational grazing system; all lambs were slaughtered after 29 weeks. Faecal egg count (FEC) and levels of serum IgA and IgE specific for Teladorsagia circumcincta were assessed for all lambs at various time points between 10 weeks of age and slaughter. Animal performance (live weight, live-weight gain, carcass weight) was recorded for all lambs. Worm burden at slaughter was determined for a sample of 12 lambs from each treatment. Nematodirus spp. FEC, 'other strongyles' FEC, and serum IgA and IgE specific for T. circumcincta were unaffected either by the concentration of DUP in the concentrate or by the level of concentrate offered to ewes in late pregnancy (P>0.1). Likewise, the dietary regime of the dams had no effect on lamb performance (P>0.1). It is concluded that increasing the DUP intake of ewes in late pregnancy had no effect on the immune response of their offspring to gastrointestinal nematode infection acquired through grazing naturally infected pasture.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin, D4, Ireland. Electronic address: sebastiano.simone@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Rocco S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sebastiano
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin, D4, Ireland. Electronic address: torres.sweeney@ucd.ie.
authors.forename: Torres
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.affiliation: Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Co. Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: barbara.good@teagasc.ie.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Good
authors.affiliation: Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Co. Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: sjohanrahan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hanrahan
authors.affiliation: Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Co. Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: tim.keady@teagasc.ie.
authors.forename: Timothy W J
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Keady
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D009348:Nematoda / Q000502:physiology; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D012820:Silage / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: Digestible undegradable protein; Ewes; Faecal egg count; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Lambs; Performance