title: Dynamic Evaluation of Liver Volume and Function in Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy.
abstract: Despite a fast and potent growth of the future liver remnant (FLR), patients operated with associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) are at risk of developing posthepatectomy liver failure. In this study, the relation between liver volume and function in ALPPS was studied using a multimodal assessment.
  
  
  
  Nine patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and operated with ALPPS were studied with hepatobiliary scintigraphy, computed tomography, indocyanine green clearance test, and serum liver function tests. A comparison between liver volume and function was conducted.
  
  
  
  The preoperative FLR volume of 19.5% underestimated the preoperative FLR function of 25.3% (p = 0.011). The increase in FLR volume exceeded the increase in function at day 6 after stage 1 (FLR volume increase 56.7% versus FLR function increase 28.2%, p = 0.021), meaning that the increase in function was 50% of the increase in volume. After stage 2, functional increase exceeded the volume increase, resulting in similar values 28 days after stage 2.
  
  
  
  In the inter-stage period of ALPPS, the high volume increase is not paralleled by a corresponding functional increase. This may in part explain the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with ALPPS. Functional assessment of the FLR is advised.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden. ernesto.sparrelid@ki.se.
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0259-8328
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sparrelid
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jonas
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tzortzakakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dahlén
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murquist
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Torkel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brismar
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiology, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rimma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Isaksson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008099:Liver / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: ALPPS; Colorectal cancer; Liver function tests; Liver metastases