title: Surgical Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes.
abstract: Sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, gastric banding, and duodenal switch are the most common bariatric procedures performed worldwide. Ninety-five percent of bariatric operations are performed with minimally invasive laparoscopic technique. Perioperative morbidities and mortalities average around 5% and 0.2%, respectively. Long-term weight loss averages around 15% to 25% or about 80 to 100 lbs (40-50 kg). Comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, arthritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, improve or resolve after bariatric surgery.
authors.affiliation: Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Digestive Disease and Surgical Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44022, USA; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, UPM-Serdang, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zubaidah Nor
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Hanipah
authors.affiliation: Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Digestive Disease and Surgical Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44022, USA. Electronic address: schauep@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schauer
mesh_terms: D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000601:surgery*; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009765:Obesity / Q000601:surgery*; D018579:Patient Selection; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Bariatric surgery; Diabetes; Metabolic surgery; Obesity; Weight loss