title: Comparing the effect of e-learning and educational booklet on the childbirth self-efficacy: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to compare the effect of e-learning and educational booklet on the childbirth self-efficacy (CBSE).
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 153 pregnant women referred to health centers in the city of Miandoab, Iran in 2015-2016. Participants were assigned into two intervention groups (e-learning and educational booklet) and the control group. A single face-to-face session was held for intervention groups about the management of labor pain in 30-34 weeks of pregnancy and the booklet and software were provided. The CBSE questionnaire was filled out by the participants before intervention and active phase of labor at 4-5 cm dilatation of cervix. One-way ANOVA and ANCOVA test with adjusting the baseline scores were used to compare the mean score of self-efficacy among study groups respectively before and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of socio-demographic characteristics (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of the CBSE in the educational booklet group (adjusted mean difference: 113.4; confidence interval 95%: 100.7-126.1) and e-learning group (159.3; 146.5-172.0) was significantly higher than the control group. Also, the mean score of the CBSE in the e-learning group had a significant increase compared to the educational booklet group (45.9; 33.0-58.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that e-learning and educational booklet are effective in enhancing mothers' CBSE. Thus, the mothers are recommended to use these teaching methods.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Midwifery, Students Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Parastoo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.affiliation: b Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Midwifery Department , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Sakineh
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-9333
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohammad-Alizadeh Charandabi
authors.affiliation: b Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Midwifery Department , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirghafourvand
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010174:Pamphlets; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Childbirth; booklet; self-efficacy; software