title: Antecedent anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in two patients with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterised by psychiatric symptoms, movement disorder and seizures often evolving into a severe encephalopathy. An overlap has recently been recognised between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders, particularly neuromyelitis optical spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In this case report, we describe two patients with an initial presentation consistent with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who have subsequently developed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and discuss the literature pertaining to potential overlap between NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders.
authors.affiliation: National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baheerathan
authors.affiliation: Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Brownlee
authors.affiliation: National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Chard
authors.affiliation: National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.affiliation: National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Anand.Trip@uclh.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Trip
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060426:Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: Atypical symptoms; Multiple sclerosis; NMDAR encephalitis