title: The Effect of Magnesium Sulfate on Renal Colic Pain Relief; a Randomized Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal colic can be managed by preventing the contraction movements of ureter muscles. By reducing acetylcholine in the nerve terminals, magnesium sulfate could be effective in this regard. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of magnesium sulfate on acute renal colic pain relief.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was a double-blind clinical trial in which the patients suffering from acute renal colic were randomly divided into 2 groups of who either received standard protocol (intravenous infusion of 0.1 mg/Kg morphine sulfate, 30 mg of Ketorolac, and 100 ml normal saline as placebo/15 minutes) or standard protocol plus 15 mg/Kg of intravenous magnesium sulfate 50%/100 ml normal saline/15 minutes. Severity of patients' pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline, and 30 and 60 minutes after infusion. The collected data were analyzed using STATA statistical software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  100 cases were randomly allocated to intervention or control group. The two groups were similar in baseline pain score and demographic characteristics. At 30 and 60 minutes, mean pain score was less in the intervention group compared to the control group. Moreover, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant regarding the additional amount of morphine, suggesting that the intervention group needed less additional morphine than the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study showed that Magnesium sulfate can be used as an adjunct drug in treatment of patients suffering from renal colic. It not only alleviates the pain in the patients, but also diminishes the need for pain medications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jokar
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cyrus
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Babaei
authors.affiliation: Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almasi-Hashiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Ezatollah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Behzadinia
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yazdanbakhsh
keywords: Renal colic; magnesium sulfate; therapeutics