title: Double abdomen induction by UV in Bradysia tritici (syn. Sciara ocellaris, Sciaridae): sensitive stages and conditions for photoreversal.
abstract: The pattern anomaly double abdomen was induced in embryos of Bradysia tritici (syn. Sciara ocellaris) by irradiation of the anterior egg pole with far UV (254 or 285 nm) using low UV fluences. The maximum yield of 18% of double abdomens was obtained when 2.5 h embryos were irradiated (late intravitelline cleavage stage); earlier irradiation failed to yield double abdomens, as did irradiations after the early syncytial blastoderm stage. Exposing irradiated embryos to photoreverting light (366 nm) reduced the yield of malformations. Most double abdomens were symmetrical and the number of segments ranged from 3 to 8 in each set, with the mean value at 6.4 segments.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Institute de Biociencias, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 11461, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A L P
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Perondini
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biologie I (Zoologie), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21 A, D-7800, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Gutzeit
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biologie I (Zoologie), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21 A, D-7800, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sander
keywords: Double abdomen; Insect embryogenesis; Pattern formation; Photoreversal; UV irradiation