title: A Multimodality Hybrid Gamma-Optical Camera for Intraoperative Imaging.
abstract: The development of low profile gamma-ray detectors has encouraged the production of small field of view (SFOV) hand-held imaging devices for use at the patient bedside and in operating theatres. Early development of these SFOV cameras was focussed on a single modality-gamma ray imaging. Recently, a hybrid system-gamma plus optical imaging-has been developed. This combination of optical and gamma cameras enables high spatial resolution multi-modal imaging, giving a superimposed scintigraphic and optical image. Hybrid imaging offers new possibilities for assisting clinicians and surgeons in localising the site of uptake in procedures such as sentinel node detection. The hybrid camera concept can be extended to a multimodal detector design which can offer stereoscopic images, depth estimation of gamma-emitting sources, and simultaneous gamma and fluorescence imaging. Recent improvements to the hybrid camera have been used to produce dual-modality images in both laboratory simulations and in the clinic. Hybrid imaging of a patient who underwent thyroid scintigraphy is reported. In addition, we present data which shows that the hybrid camera concept can be extended to estimate the position and depth of radionuclide distribution within an object and also report the first combined gamma and Near-Infrared (NIR) fluorescence images.
authors.affiliation: Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. John.Lees@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.affiliation: Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. s.bugby@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bugby
authors.affiliation: Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. msma7@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Mohammed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alqahtani
authors.affiliation: Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. lj97@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Layal K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Jambi
authors.affiliation: Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. nsdd2@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Numan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Dawood
authors.affiliation: Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. wm68@le.ac.uk.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: McKnight
authors.affiliation: Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medical, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Aik.Ng@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Aik H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medical, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Alan.Perkins@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Perkins
mesh_terms: D015902:Gamma Cameras; D005720:Gamma Rays; D061848:Optical Imaging; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging
keywords: NIR fluorescence; clinical images; gamma camera; hybrid imaging; optical imaging