title: Lacosamide in status epilepticus: Systematic review of current evidence.
abstract: The intravenous formulation of lacosamide (LCM) and its good overall tolerability and safety favor the use in status epilepticus (SE). The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate studies reporting on the use of LCM in SE.
  
  
  
  We performed a systematic literature search of electronic databases using a combined search strategy from 2008 until October 2016. Using a standardized assessment form, information on the study design, methodologic framework, data sources, efficacy, and adverse events attributed to LCM were extracted from each publication and systematically reported.
  
  
  
  In total, 522 SE episodes (51.7% female) in 486 adults and 36 children and adolescents were evaluated with an overall LCM efficacy of 57%. Efficacy was comparable between use in nonconvulsive (57%; 82/145) and generalized-convulsive (61%; 30/49; p = 0.68) SE, whereas overall success rate was better in focal motor SE (92%; 34/39, p = 0.013; p < 0.001). The efficacy with later positioning of LCM decreased from 100% to 20%. The main adverse events during treatment of SE are dizziness, abnormal vision, diplopia, and ataxia. Overall, lacosamide is well tolerated and has no clinically relevant drug-drug interactions.
  
  
  
  The available data regarding the use of LCM in SE are promising, with a success rate of 57%. The strength of LCM is the lack of interaction potential and the option for intravenous use in emergency situations requiring rapid uptitration.
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.|Epilepsy Center Hessen and Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6288-9915
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strzelczyk
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Johann Philipp
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zöllner
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Laurent M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Hessen and Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jost
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paule
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.|Department of Neuropediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schubert-Bast
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.|Epilepsy Center Hessen and Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rosenow
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.|Epilepsy Center Hessen and Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020938:Epilepsy, Partial, Motor / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D000078334:Lacosamide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000078334:Lacosamide
keywords: Epilepsy; Lacosamide; Seizure; Status epilepticus; Voltage-gated sodium channels