title: Detection of the Vibration Signal from Human Vocal Folds Using a 94-GHz Millimeter-Wave Radar.
abstract: The detection of the vibration signal from human vocal folds provides essential information for studying human phonation and diagnosing voice disorders. Doppler radar technology has enabled the noncontact measurement of the human-vocal-fold vibration. However, existing systems must be placed in close proximity to the human throat and detailed information may be lost because of the low operating frequency. In this paper, a long-distance detection method, involving the use of a 94-GHz millimeter-wave radar sensor, is proposed for detecting the vibration signals from human vocal folds. An algorithm that combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the auto-correlation function (ACF) method is proposed for detecting the signal. First, the EMD method is employed to suppress the noise of the radar-detected signal. Further, the ratio of the energy and entropy is used to detect voice activity in the radar-detected signal, following which, a short-time ACF is employed to extract the vibration signal of the human vocal folds from the processed signal. For validating the method and assessing the performance of the radar system, a vibration measurement sensor and microphone system are additionally employed for comparison. The experimental results obtained from the spectrograms, the vibration frequency of the vocal folds, and coherence analysis demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect the vibration of human vocal folds from a long detection distance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. fumingfmmu@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Fuming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Control Engineering, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China. sheng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510507, China. zyfmmu@126.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. wangjq@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010699:Phonation; D011825:Radar; D014732:Vibration; D014827:Vocal Cords; D014831:Voice
keywords: auto-correlation function; coherence analysis; radar measurement; vibration signal detection; vocal folds; voice activity detection