title: Disparity in Retention in Care and Viral Suppression for Black Caribbean-Born Immigrants Living with HIV in Florida.
abstract: (1) The study aim was to assess disparities in non-retention in HIV care and non-viral suppression among non-Hispanic Black Caribbean immigrants living with HIV in Florida. (2) We analyzed cases involving individuals, aged ≥13, who met CDC HIV case definition during 2000-2014. Chi square test was used to evaluate differences in non-retention and non-viral suppression by country of origin/race/ethnicity. Multilevel logistic regressions with three referent groups [US-born Blacks, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs)] were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR). (3) Caribbean-born Blacks were less likely to be retained in care or be virally suppressed than US-born Blacks, Hispanics, and NHWs. Bahamians, Haitians, and Trinidadians and Tobagonians had increased odds of non-retention (aOR 3.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.40 -4.10; aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.40-1.66; aOR 2.30, 95% CI 1.38-3.83), and non-viral suppression (aOR 3.23, 95% CI 2.48-4.21; aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.68-1.98; aOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.06-2.90) compared with NHWs. (4) Caribbean-born Blacks living with HIV infection are less likely than other racial/ethnic groups to be retained in care and/or achieve viral suppression. Further research is urgently needed to determine social, cultural, and biological factors that contribute to this disparity.
authors.affiliation: Center for Substance Use and HIV/AIDS Research on Latinos in the United States (C-SALUD), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. ecyrusca@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cyrus
authors.affiliation: Center for Substance Use and HIV/AIDS Research on Latinos in the United States (C-SALUD), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. cdawson@fiu.edu.|Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. cdawson@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Christyl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. kfennie@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Kristopher P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Fennie
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. dsheehan@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Diana M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sheehan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. dmauck@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Mauck
authors.affiliation: Center for Substance Use and HIV/AIDS Research on Latinos in the United States (C-SALUD), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. msanche@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Section, Florida Department of Health, 4052 Bald Cypress Way, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA. lorene.maddox@flhealth.gov.
authors.forename: Lorene M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Maddox
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA. trepkam@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Mary Jo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Trepka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017691:Caribbean Region; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000208:ethnology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology*; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects*; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: Caribbean; disparity; human immunodeficiency virus; immigrant; retention; suppression