title: Effects of long-term multicomponent exercise on health-related quality of life in older adults with type 2 diabetes: evidence from a cohort study.
abstract: To establish the effect of a long-term multicomponent exercise (LTMEX) intervention (24 months) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  
  
  
  This longitudinal retrospective cohort study analyzes the effects of a supervised LTMEX program on HRQoL in older adults with T2D (n = 279). Participants underwent one of two conditions: LTMEX (n = 241) trained three times per week; and unchanged lifestyle-the control group (CO; n = 38). Participants completed baseline, and 2-year follow-up evaluations including the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36), anthropometric, hemodynamic components, and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak).
  
  
  
  LTMEX improves HRQoL, specifically physical functioning (P < 0.001), general health (P < 0.05), vitality (P < 0.001), mental health (MH; P < 0.05), physical component score (P < 0.001), mental component score (P < 0.001), and total SF-36 (P < 0.001). LTMEX group also decreased body weight (BW; P < 0.005), waist circumference (WC; P < 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; P < 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (SBP; P < 0.001), and increased VO2peak (P < 0.001). CO group increased WC (P = 0.012), BMI (P = 0.024), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; P = 0.003) and SBP (P < 0.001), and decreased vitality (P < 0.001) and MH (P < 0.05).
  
  
  
  A LTMEX intervention improves physical and mental HRQoL in older adults with T2D, and also anthropometric, hemodynamic profile, and cardiorespiratory fitness.
authors.affiliation: Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, Pavilhão 3, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal. libaptista10@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Liliana C
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3534-1839
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.affiliation: Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, Pavilhão 3, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gonçalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, Pavilhão 3, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Nelba R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, Pavilhão 3, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Manuel T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Veríssimo
authors.affiliation: Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, Pavilhão 3, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Raul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile
keywords: Diabetes; Exercise; Older adults; Quality of life