title: Abnormalities of Cerebral Deep Medullary Veins on 7 Tesla MRI in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study.
abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) contributes to cognitive impairment and dementia. SVD may affect veins, but veins are difficult to detect with 1.5 and 3T MRI. We compared deep medullary veins (DMVs) visualized on 7T-MRI between patients with early Alzheimer's disease (eAD; n = 17) or amnestic MCI (aMCI; n = 12) and controls (n = 40). The number and density of DMVs was similar in patients and controls, but tortuosity was higher in eAD (Cohen's d = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.1-1.2, p = 0.02) and aMCI (Cohen's d = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.2-1.5, p = 0.01), independent of brain atrophy. Venous changes provide a new perspective on vascular involvement in dementia.
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Willem H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Bouvy
authors.affiliation: Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hugo J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kuijf
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jaco J M
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zwanenburg
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Huiberdina L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Koek
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L Jaap
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kappelle
authors.affiliation: Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.|Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Luijten
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.|Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M Kamran
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ikram
authors.affiliation: Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Geert Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Biessels
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D059345:Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; cerebral small vessel disease; cerebral veins; magnetic resonance imaging