title: Delivery of growth factor-based therapeutics in vascular diseases: Challenges and strategies.
abstract: Either cardiovascular or peripheral vascular diseases have become the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, growth factors therapeutics, whatever administrated in form of exogenous growth factors or their relevant genes have been discovered to be an effective strategy for the prevention and therapy of vascular diseases, because of their promoting angiogenesis. Besides, as an alternative, stem cell-based therapy has been also developed in view of their paracrine-mediated effect or ability of differentiation toward angiogenesis-related cells under assistance of growth factors. Despite of being specific and potent, no matter growth factors or stem cells-based therapy, their full clinical transformation is limited from bench to bedside. In this review, the potential choices of therapeutic modes based on types of different growth factors or stem cells were firstly summarized for vascular diseases. The confronted various challenges such as lack of non-invasive delivery method, the physiochemical challenge, the short half-life time, and poor cell survival, were carefully analyzed for these therapeutic modes. Various strategies to overcome these limitations are put forward from the perspective of drug delivery. The expertised design of a suitable delivery form will undoubtedly provide valuable insight into their clinical application in the regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: He-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ze
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Cui-Tao
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Science by Wenzhou University & Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Kun
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Zheng
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Growth factors; Scaffolds; Stem cells; Vascular diseases