title: Parathyroid Hormone and Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein Analogs in Osteoporosis Therapy.
abstract: The purpose is to review the efficacy and optimal use of parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related protein analogs in osteoporosis treatment.
  
  
  
  The parathyroid hormone analog teriparatide, a potent stimulator of bone remodeling, increases hip and spine bone mineral density and reduces the risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. The parathyroid hormone-related protein analog, abaloparatide, also reduces fracture incidence but has pharmacological effects that differ from teriparatide, particularly in cortical bone. These analogs provide maximal benefit when their use is followed by a potent antiresorptive medication. Moreover, studies have shown that the combination of teriparatide and the RANK-ligand inhibitor, denosumab, increase bone density and estimated strength more than monotherapy and more than any currently available regimen. Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related protein analogs, whether as monotherapy, in combination with antiresorptive agents or in sequence with antiresorptive agents, will likely play an expanding role in osteoporosis management.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. bzleder@partners.org.
authors.forename: Benjamin Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Leder
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069448:Denosumab / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019379:Teriparatide / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D019379:Teriparatide; D000069448:Denosumab; C000596789:abaloparatide
keywords: Abaloparatide; Anabolic agents; Bone mineral density; Combination therapy; Osteoporosis; Parathyroid hormone; Teriparatide