title: Antibacterial screening of Rumex species native to the Carpathian Basin and bioactivity-guided isolation of compounds from Rumex aquaticus.
abstract: Plants belonging to the genus Rumex (family Polygonaceae) are used worldwide in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases caused by different microorganisms (e.g. bacteria-related dermatologic conditions, dysentery and enteritis). The present study focused on the antibacterial screening of Rumex species native to the Carpathian Basin, and isolation of compounds from one of the most efficient species, Rumex aquaticus. The antibacterial effects of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous fractions of methanol extracts prepared from different parts of 14 Rumex species (R. acetosella, R. acetosa, R. alpinus, R. aquaticus, R. conglomeratus, R. crispus, R. hydrolapathum, R. obtusifolius subsp. obtusifolius, R. obtusifolius subsp. subalpinus, R. patientia, R. pulcher, R. scutatus, R. stenophyllus and R. thyrsiflorus) were investigated against Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus, MRSA, Bacillus subtilis, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae using the disc diffusion method. Mainly the n-hexane and chloroform extracts prepared from the roots of the plants displayed high antibacterial activity (inhibition zones>15mm) against one or more bacterial strains. The highly active extracts of the aerial part and root of R. aquaticus were subjected to a multistep separation procedure. 19 Compounds, among them naphthalenes (musizin, and its glucoside, torachrysone-glucoside, 2-methoxystypandrone), anthraquinones (emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, citreorosein, chrysophanol-8-O-glucoside), flavonoids (quercetin, quercetin-3,3'-dimethylether, isokaempferide, quercetin 3-O-arabinoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, catechin), stilbenes (resveratrol, piceid), and 1-stearoylglycerol were isolated from the plant. The antibacterial activities of isolated compounds were determined, and it was observed that especially naphthalenes exerted remarkable antibacterial effects against several bacterial strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Orbán-Gyapai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liktor-Busa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kúsz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dóra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stefkó
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Edit
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Urbán
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hohmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. Electronic address: vasasa@pharmacognosy.hu.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vasas
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D031804:Rumex / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: 2-methoxystypandrone; Antibacterial activity; Musizin; Polygonaceae; Rumex aquaticus; Rumex species