title: 3D Whole Heart Imaging for Congenital Heart Disease.
abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) whole heart techniques form a cornerstone in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging of congenital heart disease (CHD). It offers significant advantages over other CHD imaging modalities and techniques: no ionizing radiation; ability to be run free-breathing; ECG-gated dual-phase imaging for accurate measurements and tissue properties estimation; and higher signal-to-noise ratio and isotropic voxel resolution for multiplanar reformatting assessment. However, there are limitations, such as potentially long acquisition times with image quality degradation. Recent advances in and current applications of 3D whole heart imaging in CHD are detailed, as well as future directions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Greil
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Animesh Aashoo
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London , London , UK.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva Vieira
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Tarique
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hussain
keywords: cardiovascular MRI; congenital heart disease; coronary imaging; pediatrics; three-dimensional whole heart imaging