title: Association of sleep quality components and wake time with metabolic syndrome: The Qazvin Metabolic Diseases Study (QMDS), Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the association of sleep quality and sleep quantity with metabolic syndrome in Qazvin, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  this cross sectional study was conducted in 1079 residents of Qazvin selected by multistage cluster random sampling method in 2011. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria proposed by the national cholesterol education program third Adult treatment panel. Sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). A logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of sleep status and metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 40.08±10.33years. Of 1079, 578 (52.2%) were female, and 30.6% had metabolic syndrome. The total global PSQI score in the subjects with metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than subjects without metabolic syndrome (6.30±3.20 vs. 5.83±2.76, P=0.013). In logistic regression analysis, sleep disturbances was associated with 1.388 fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome after adjustment for age, gender, and body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sleep disturbances component was a predictor of metabolic syndrome in the present study. More longitudinal studies are necessary to understand the association of sleep quality and its components with metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zohal
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; School of Nursing & Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Electronic address: ghorbani_az@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Azam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghorbani
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Esmailzadehha
authors.affiliation: Growth and Development Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziaee
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahrasadat
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Circadian rhythm; Metabolic syndrome X; Sleep