title: DWI of the prostate: Comparison of a faster diagonal acquisition to standard three-scan trace acquisition.
abstract: To compare a faster diagonal diffusion-weighted imaging (d-DWI) to conventional three-scan trace DWI (t-DWI) acquisition for prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in terms of image quality, tumor detection/conspicuity, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) characterization, quantitative estimated signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement.
  
  
  
  A total of 34 consecutive men with suspected prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent 3T MRI of the prostate were assessed. MRI included t-DWI and d-DWI (using b-values of 50, 1000, and 1600 s/mm2, number of averages 1/5/10 for t-DWI vs. 2/8/14 for d-DWI, acquisition time 6:21 min vs. 4:17 min, respectively). Two independent observers evaluated image quality, including image sharpness, anatomic distortion, and artifacts on a 5-point scale (1-5) and assessed tumor detection, conspicuity, and PI-RADS classification with both DWI sequences. eSNR and ADC were measured in the peripheral zone (PZ), transitional zone (TZ), and detected tumors. Data was compared using paired Wilcoxon signed rank tests and McNemar test. Coefficients of variations (CV) between ADC obtained with both sequences were calculated.
  
  
  
  Significantly fewer artifacts were observed on d-DWI at b 1600 for observer 2 (P < 0.01), while the other image quality scores were equivalent for both sequences. eSNR was lower with d-DWI vs. t-DWI in PZ and TZ for b 1000 (P < 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively) and b 1600 (P < 0.01 for both). ADC reproducibility between sequences was excellent (CV <10%). No significant differences were found for tumor detection (P ≥ 0.25), conspicuity (P ≥ 0.12), or PI-RADS classification (P ≥ 0.10).
  
  
  
  d-DWI can provide a substantial reduction in acquisition time (∼30%) while maintaining equivalent tumor detection, PI-RADS score, image quality, and ADC values.
  
  
  
  3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1767-1775.
authors.affiliation: Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Idoia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Corcuera-Solano
authors.affiliation: Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hectors
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Titelbaum
authors.affiliation: Siemens AG, Medical Solutions, Magnetic Resonance, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Alto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stemmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Ardeshir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rastinehad
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tewari
authors.affiliation: Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Bachir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Taouli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016477:Artifacts; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013995:Time
keywords: diffusion-weighted imaging; prostate cancer