title: Cardamom fruits as a green resource for facile synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles and their biological applications.
abstract: Gold (FA-AuNps) and silver (FA-AgNps) nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature by aqueous extract of dried fruits of Amomum villosum, also known as Fructus Amomi (cardamom), in order to confer antioxidant, catalytic, antimicrobial activities and treatment effect against breast cancer cells. Fruit extracts served as both reducing agents and stabilizers in lieu of chemical agents. Ultra-violet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, elemental mapping, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were employed to characterize the biosynthesized nanoparticles. Both FA-AuNps and FA-AgNps exhibited free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH). Additionally, biosynthesized nanoparticles successfully reduced methylene blue, a well-known redox indicator. FA-AgNps showed zones of inhibition against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Finally, the biological activities and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles were subsequently investigated in vitro. FA-AuNps demonstrated a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells as evaluated by MTT assay. The study highlights a rapid synthesis of FA-AuNps and FA-AgNps by dried Fructus Amomi aqueous extract and evaluates their potential biological applications on medical platforms.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soshnikova
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: b Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of life science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Josua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markus
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castro-Aceituno
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jongpyo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chokkalingam
authors.affiliation: b Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of life science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ramya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathiyalagan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.|b Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of life science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Deok Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D028523:Elettaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D010316:Particle Size; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: Fructus Amomi; antimicrobial; antioxidant; catalytic; gold and silver nanoparticles; green synthesis