title: Research on Handwashing Techniques of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients From Yiwu, Southeast China.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate handwashing technique, bacteriology, and factors influencing handwashing technique of 86 stable chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients from Yiwu City in Southeast China. Based on the "Hygienic standard for disinfection in the hospital", we also performed sampling for bacteriology from PD operators after they washed their hands. We compared their clinical features including the pathogenic bacteria of their previous peritonitis episodes and their handwashing evaluation results according to their bacteriologic sampling results. 65% of patients turned off the tap by bare hand, and 74% did not follow the six-step handwashing method. Dialysis duration longer than 6 months (P = 0.04) and lower income (P = 0.05) were independent risk factors for higher handwashing error scores. The overall rate of appropriate handwashing, according to the "hygienic standard for disinfection in the hospital" was 26%. The bacteriologic sampling results showed that the most common pathogenic bacterium was Staphylococcus aureus (92%). PD operators whose hand bacteria culture was qualified contained a lower proportion of participants with advanced age (P = 0.07). Patients with repeated peritonitis occurrence had a significantly higher score on handwashing error (P < 0.01) and were more likely to develop Staphylococcus infection. We found that in Yiwu city patients on dialysis for more than 6 months, were of low income and had multiple prior episodes of PD peritonitis had poor handwashing compliance. Elderly patients had higher rates of positive bacterial culture (Staphylococcus) from their hands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Central Hospital of Yiwu, Yiwu, China.
authors.forename: Yuanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengjiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Yiwu, Yiwu, China.
authors.forename: Yansu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Central Hospital of Yiwu, Yiwu, China.
authors.forename: Hongqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang University International Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhangfei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006235:Hand Disinfection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Handwashing; Peritoneal dialysis; Peritonitis