title: Case report and review of nonischemic spontaneous papillary muscle rupture reports between 2000 and 2015.
abstract: Spontaneous papillary muscle rupture (PMR) is a rare cardiovascular emergency. We present a 63-year-old male who presents with acute dyspnea who was found to have an anterior PMR, with no evidence of coronary artery disease, infection, or trauma. A review of cases of nonischemic spontaneous PMR published in 2000-2015 identified 11 additional cases of spontaneous PMR. Posterior and anterior papillary muscles involvement was identified in 54.5% and 45.5% of cases, respectively. Rapid identification due to advances in imaging modalities and improved surgical management has led to optimal outcomes in patients with spontaneous PMR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Internal Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Pishoy
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-4786
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gouda
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weilovitch
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Ronak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanani
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Har
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: echocardiography; papillary muscle dysfunction; papillary muscles