title: Preliminary evaluation of a thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel for Echinococcus granulosus vaccine delivery.
abstract: The EG95 vaccine is effective in protecting grazing animals from infection with Echinococcus granulosus. Six male lambs were used in the study, two were each vaccinated subcutaneously with 50μg EG95/1mg Quil-A, two animals were each vaccinated with 50μg EG95/1mg Quil-A in 1% chitosan thermolabile gel subcutaneously, and two animals served as non-vaccinated controls. Two vaccinations were given at a 7 week interval. Two vaccinations induced a significantly higher antibody titre in the chitosan group compared with the Quil-A only group. The chitosan vaccine group also had a significantly higher antibody titre compared with a positive control sera from vaccinated and challenged sheep. Incorporating the EG95/Quil-A vaccine in a thermo-responsive chitosan sol-gel stimulated, after the second injection, a high level of antibody absorbance which remained high for at least one year. This response was significantly greater than the response to vaccine without the gel.
authors.affiliation: The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Electronic address: saleh.umair@agresearch.co.nz.
authors.forename: Saleh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umair
authors.affiliation: The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pernthaner
authors.affiliation: The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Blake
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hook
authors.affiliation: The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000276:immunology*; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D062605:Quillaja Saponins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; C446034:EG95 protein, Echinococcus granulosus; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D020100:Hydrogels; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D014612:Vaccines; C046386:Quil A; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Antibody; Chitosan; EG95 vaccine; Echinococcus granulosus; Thermo-responsive formulation