title: Long Noncoding RNA Sponges miR-454 to Promote Osteogenic Differentiation in Maxillary Sinus Membrane Stem Cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although increasing evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important regulatory role in pluripotency and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, little is known about the role of lncRNA in maxillary sinus membrane stem cells (MSMSCs). The goal of this study was to investigate the expression profile and function of lncRNAs on osteogenic differentiation of MSMSCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  By using lncRNA microarray, we identify a novel osteogenesis differentiation-related lncRNA of MSMSCs (lncRNA-MODR). The functional role of lncRNA-MODR in regulating osteogenesis was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and alizarin red staining. Bioinformatic analyses of the predicted target genes (gene ontology, pathway, and network analysis) were applied for further study of lncRNA-MODR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We show that lncRNA-MODR is gradually upregulated during osteogenic differentiation. lncRNA-MODR overexpression upregulated, whereas lncRNA-MODR silencing decreased the expression of the osteogenic key marker, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). In-depth analyses showed that lncRNA-MODR acts as a molecular sponge for microRNA-454 (miR-454) and that prevents RUNX2 from mi-454-mediated suppression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lncRNAs act as a competing endogenous RNA to sequester microRNA-454 (miR-454), leading to heightened RUNX2 expression and thus promotes osteogenesis of MSMSCs.
authors.affiliation: *Attending Doctor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China; Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical School of Jinan University, Guangdong, China. †Assistant Researcher, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China. ‡Professor, Chief of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Junquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Shuangxi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Songling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C583712:MIRN454 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human