title: Overexpression of SMC4 activates TGFβ/Smad signaling and promotes aggressive phenotype in glioma cells.
abstract: Overexpression of structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 (SMC4) has been reported to be involved in tumor cell growth, migration and invasion, and to be correlated with poor prognosis of cancer patient. However, its clinical significance and biological role in glioma remain unknown. Herein, we found that SMC4 expression at both mRNA and protein level was markedly increased in glioma cells and clinical tissues and that it correlated with poor prognosis. SMC4 overexpression markedly promoted the glioma cell proliferation rate and migration and invasive capability in vitro and in vivo, whereas SMC4 downregulation reduced it. Moreover, the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)/Smad signaling pathway, which was activated in SMC4-transduced glioma cells and inhibited in SMC4-silenced glioma cells, contributed to SMC4-mediated glioma cell aggressiveness. Our results provide new insight into the oncofunction of SMC4 and the mechanism by which the TGFβ/Smad pathway is hyperactivated in gliomas, indicating that SMC4 is a valuable prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in gliomas.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutics University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li