title: Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention to Improve the Patient Safety Attitudes of Intern Pharmacists.
abstract: Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness of a face-to-face educational intervention in improving the patient safety attitudes of intern pharmacists.Methods.A patient safety education program was delivered to intern pharmacists undertaking The University of Sydney Intern Training Program in 2014. Their patient safety attitudes were evaluated immediately prior to, immediately after, and three-months post-intervention. Underlying attitudinal factors were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Changes in factor scores were examined using analysis of variance.Results.Of the 120 interns enrolled, 95 (78.7%) completed all three surveys. Four underlying attitudinal factors were identified: attitudes towards addressing errors, questioning behaviors, blaming individuals, and reporting errors. Improvements in all attitudinal factors were evident immediately after the intervention. However, only improvements in attitudes towards blaming individuals involved in errors were sustained at three months post-intervention.Conclusion.The educational intervention was associated with short-term improvements in pharmacist interns' patient safety attitudes. However, other factors likely influenced their attitudes in the longer term.
authors.affiliation: The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Ramesh L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Walpola
authors.affiliation: The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Romano A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fois
authors.affiliation: The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McLachlan
authors.affiliation: The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D009517:New South Wales; D061214:Patient Safety; D010595:Pharmacists; D064172:Pharmacy Residencies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: attitude; education; graduate; patient safety; pharmacy; questionnaire