title: Combined training, FNDC5/irisin levels and metabolic markers in obese men: A randomised controlled trial.
abstract: The effects of training on FNDC5/irisin and its association with fitness and metabolic marker improvements induced by training have been poorly investigated in humans. Thus, the present study assessed the effects of combined training (CT) on FNDC5/irisin levels, metabolic markers and fitness adaptations in obese men. Middle-age obese men (age 49.13 ± 5.75, body mass index (BMI) 30.86 ± 1.63) were randomly distributed in the CT group (n = 12) and control group (CG n = 10). The CT consisted of strength followed by aerobic training, 3 times/week, for 24 weeks. Body composition, physical fitness, plasma FNDC5/irisin, biochemical markers and metabolic scores/index were evaluated. CT maintained FNDC5/irisin levels (µg/mL) (pre: 4.15 ± 0.32, post: 4.21 ± 0.32; p = .96) and improved body composition, metabolic and physical fitness markers. In the CG, decreased FNDC5/irisin (µg/mL) (pre: 4.36 ± 0.23, post: 3.57 ± 0.94; p = .01) and reduced strength (supine exercise/kg) (pre: 71 ± 14.7, post: 60.1 ± 14.05; p < .01) were observed, along with a trend to increase HOMA-IR (pre: 2.63 ± 1.11, post: 3.14 ± 1.27; p = .07) and other indicators of metabolic deterioration. An inverse correlation was found between the change (Δ%) in levels of FNDC5/irisin and Δ% glucose, Δ% total cholesterol, Δ% triglycerides and Δ% waist circumference, in addition to a positive relation with Δ% muscle strength. In conclusion, CT maintained FNDC5/irisin levels and provided metabolic and fitness benefits. The correlation between FNDC5/irisin changes and metabolic parameters, as well as the FNDC5/irisin reduction associated with fitness and metabolic worsening in the CG, suggests a relationship between FNDC5/irisin and a healthy metabolic status in humans.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivan Luiz Padilha
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Bonfante
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Mara Patrícia Traina
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chacon-Mikahil
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego Trevisan
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Brunelli
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur Fernandes
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Gáspari
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Garbellini
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Duft
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Wendell Arhur
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Valéria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bonganha
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education , Federal University of São Carlos , São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cleiton Augusto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Libardi
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education , University of Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Regina
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cavaglieri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D055070:Resistance Training; D012420:Running; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C577593:FNDC5 protein, human; D005353:Fibronectins; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: FNDC5; combined training; insulin resistance; irisin; metabolism; obesity