title: Anthelmintic activity of plant extracts from Brazilian savanna.
abstract: Helminth infections represent a serious problem for the production of small ruminants that is currently aggravated by resistance to anthelmintic products and has induced a search for control alternatives, such as natural products. In this study, extracts of Turnera ulmifolia L. (leaves and roots), Parkia platycephala Benth. (leaves and seeds) and Dimorphandra gardneriana Tul. (leaves and bark), which have been cited in ethnoveterinary studies and selected naturally by goats in the cerrado (Brazilian savanna), were tested in vitro against Haemonchus contortus. Hydroacetonic (ACT) and hydroalcoholic (ETH) extracts were evaluated using an Egg Hatching Assay (EHA), a Larval Exsheathment Inhibition Assay (LEIA) and a Larval Development Assay (LDA). A second set of incubations was performed using polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) to determine the influence of polyphenols on the anthelmintic effects of EHA and LEIA. Data from each extract were used to calculate inhibition concentrations (IC50). All tested extracts showed activity against at least one life stage of H. contortus. The use of PVPP revealed that the tannins are not the only extracts of secondary metabolites responsible for the anthelmintic effects. The results showed clear in vitro anthelmintic activities against H. contortus at different stages and indicated the potential use of these species as a promising alternative approach to control helminthic infections of small ruminants.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andreia F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil. Electronic address: livio.martins@ufma.br.
authors.forename: Livio M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Costa Junior
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aldilene S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Farmácia, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria N S
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Farmácia, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: José W C
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mesquista
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Química, CEP 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo M P
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tangerina
authors.affiliation: UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vilegas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D065948:Grassland; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000187:drug effects*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D029647:Turnera / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Haemonchus contortus; Natural product; Small ruminant