title: Metabolic determinants in Listeria monocytogenes anaerobic listeriolysin O production.
abstract: Listeria monocytogenes is a human pathogen and a facultative anaerobe. To better understand how anaerobic growth affects L. monocytogenes pathogenesis, we first showed that anaerobic growth led to decreased growth and changes in surface morphology. Moreover, compared to aerobically grown bacteria, anaerobically grown L. monocytogenes established higher level of invasion but decreased intracellular growth and actin polymerization in cultured cells. The production of listeriolysin O (LLO) was significantly lower in anaerobic cultures-a phenotype observed in wild type and isogenic mutants lacking transcriptional regulators SigB or CodY or harboring a constitutively active PrfA. To explore potential regulatory mechanisms, we established that the addition of central carbon metabolism intermediates, such as acetate, citrate, fumarate, pyruvate, lactate, and succinate, led to an increase in LLO activity in the anaerobic culture supernatant. These results highlight the regulatory role of central carbon metabolism in L. monocytogenes pathogenesis under anaerobic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA. ysun02@udayton.edu.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-0719
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C038705:hlyA protein, Listeria monocytogenes
keywords: Anaerobic metabolism; Tricarboxylic acid cycle; Virulence regulation