title: Total Extracellular Small RNA Profiles from Plasma, Saliva, and Urine of Healthy Subjects.
abstract: Interest in circulating RNAs for monitoring and diagnosing human health has grown significantly. There are few datasets describing baseline expression levels for total cell-free circulating RNA from healthy control subjects. In this study, total extracellular RNA (exRNA) was isolated and sequenced from 183 plasma samples, 204 urine samples and 46 saliva samples from 55 male college athletes ages 18-25 years. Many participants provided more than one sample, allowing us to investigate variability in an individual's exRNA expression levels over time. Here we provide a systematic analysis of small exRNAs present in each biofluid, as well as an analysis of exogenous RNAs. The small RNA profile of each biofluid is distinct. We find that a large number of RNA fragments in plasma (63%) and urine (54%) have sequences that are assigned to YRNA and tRNA fragments respectively. Surprisingly, while many miRNAs can be detected, there are few miRNAs that are consistently detected in all samples from a single biofluid, and profiles of miRNA are different for each biofluid. Not unexpectedly, saliva samples have high levels of exogenous sequence that can be traced to bacteria. These data significantly contribute to the current number of sequenced exRNA samples from normal healthy individuals.
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yeri
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Courtright
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reiman
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beecroft
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janss
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siniard
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richholt
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balak
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rozowsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kitchen
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hutchins
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winarta
authors.affiliation: Arizona State University Sports Medicine, 323 E Veterans Way, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.affiliation: Arizona State University Sports Medicine, 323 E Veterans Way, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anastasi
authors.affiliation: Integrated Cancer Genomics, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Seungchan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huentelman
authors.affiliation: Neurogenomics Division, TGen, 445 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Kendall
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Keuren-Jensen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000073888:Cell-Free Nucleic Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000652:urine; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000073888:Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; D012313:RNA