title: Molecular identification and functional analysis of Ctrp9 inEpinephelus coioides.
abstract: CTRP9 is a member of the C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily and has been studied in mammals, whereas the comparative studies of CTRP9 in non-mammalian species are still absent. In this study,ctrp9was isolated and characterized from the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The full-length cDNA ofctrp9was 1378 bp in size with an ORF (open reading frame) of 1020 bp that encodes a 339 amino acid pre-pro hormone. The mRNA expression ofctrp9showed a rather high level in the kidney and brain, but a low level in other tissues. Furthermore, the mRNA expression ofctrp9decreased significantly in the liver after fasting for 7 days and restored to the normal levels after refeeding. In contrast, thectrp9mRNA level increased in the hypothalamus after fasting. The recombinant gCtrp9 (globular Ctrp9) was prepared using thePichia pastorisexpression system and was verified by Western blot as well as mass spectrometry assays. In the primary hepatocytes culture, the recombinant gCtrp9 could inhibit the glucose production after 12-h treatment. After i.p. (intraperitoneal) injection with recombinant gCtrp9, in hypothalamus, mRNA expression levels ofnpyandorexin(orexigenic factors) decreased, whereas the expression levels ofcrhandpomc(anorexigenic factors) increased. Moreover, i.p. injection with the recombinant gCtrp9 could reduce the serum concentrations of glucose, TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but increase the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our studies for the first time unveil the structure of Ctrp9 and its potential role as a regulatory factor of metabolism and food intake in teleost.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guokun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chaobin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jirong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Caiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China lsslws@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wensheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000235:genetics*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D000068797:Orexins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010473:Perciformes / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010843:Pichia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D029941:Fish Proteins; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D000068797:Orexins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Ctrp9; food intake; grouper; metabolism