title: Cytokine Signatures in Mucocutaneous and Ocular Behçet's Disease.
abstract: Behçet's disease (BD) is a multi-systemic inflammatory disorder consisting of recurrent oral aphthosis, genital ulcers, and chronic relapsing bilateral uveitis; however, many other organs may be affected. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines, mainly derived from Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes, seem to be involved in different pathogenic pathways leading to development of the clinical manifestations. On this basis, the primary aim of our study was to compare a core set of pro-inflammatory cytokines between patients with BD and healthy control (HC). The secondary goal was to evaluate potential correlations between these putative circulating biomarkers, the status of disease activity, and the specific organ involvement at the time of sample collection. Fifty-four serum samples were collected from 46 BD patients (17 males, 29 females, mean age 45.5 ± 11.3 years), and 19 HC (10 males, 9 females, mean age 43 ± 8.3 years). Twenty-five serum cytokines (APRIL/TNFS13, BAFF/TNFSF13B, sCD30/TNFRSF8, sCD163, Chitinase3-like1, gp130/sIL-6Rb, IFNb, sIL-6Ra, IL-10, IL-11, IL-19, IL-20, IL-26, IL-27 (p28), IL-28A/IFN-lambda2, IL-29/IFN-lambda1, IL-32, IL-34, IL-35, LIGHT/TNFSF-14, Pentraxin-3, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, TSLP, and TWEAK/TNFSF-12) were simultaneously quantified using a Bio-Rad cytokine bead arrays. Serum concentration of sTNF-R1 (p< 0.01) and sTNF-R2 (p< 0.01) resulted higher in both active and inactive BD than HC, while Chitinase3-like1 (p< 0.05) and gp130/sIL-6Rb (p< 0.01) serum levels were significantly higher in inactive BD, and IL-26 (p< 0.01) in active BD than HC. No differences were observed between inactive and active BD group. In addition, we observed that gp130/sIL-6Rb, sIL-6Ra, IL-35, and TSLP serum levels were significantly enhanced in patients with mucocutaneous manifestations plus ocular involvement (MO-BD) compared to subgroup with only mucocutaneous involvement (M-BD). Our findings may suggest a signature of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α as well as of Th17 response in BD patients due to increased levels of gp130/sIL-6Rb, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, IL-26, respectively. This evidence could contribute to improve the knowledge regarding the role of these citokines in the induction of specific BD clinical features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lopalco
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases and Behçet's Disease Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy.
authors.forename: Orso Maria
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Lucherini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Bari , Bari , Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopalco
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venerito
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Humanitas Research Hospital , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabiani
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases and Behçet's Disease Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frediani
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases and Behçet's Disease Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galeazzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lapadula
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases and Behçet's Disease Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cantarini
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.
authors.forename: Florenzo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Iannone
keywords: Behçet’s disease; cytokines; mucocutaneous involvement; ocular disease; signature