title: Treatment of Ocular Pyogenic Granuloma With Topical Timolol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pyogenic granulomas, acquired vascular lesions, form on the ocular or palpebral surface related to inflammation from chalazia, trauma, or surgery. They can be unsightly, spontaneously bleed, and cause irritation to patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case series is presented of 4 consecutive children with acquired ocular surface pyogenic granulomas treated at Boston Children's Hospital from 2014 to 2016 with only topical timolol, 0.5%, twice daily for a minimum of 21 days. In all cases, complete resolution occurred within the treatment period with no recurrence for at least 3 months. There were no adverse effects from the timolol during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case series of 4 children, while limited to no greater than 12 weeks of follow-up and without control children, suggests that ocular surface pyogenic granulomas respond to topical timolol treatment, which has a lower adverse-effect profile than conventional topical steroid treatments or other medical or surgical therapies. If confirmed in larger studies with longer follow-up and controls, this may be the desired treatment modality.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts2Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts3Department of Internal Medicine, Carney Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Isdin
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oke
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts4Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston5Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Maan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alkharashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts4Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston5Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.affiliation: Alena Ashenberg, MD Pediatrics, Dracut, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts4Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston5Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Ankoor S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D017789:Granuloma, Pyogenic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013999:Timolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D013999:Timolol