title: Relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and carotid atherosclerosis in normotensive and euglycemic Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigate whether non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) provides a better estimate of cardiovascular risk than other lipid profiles in normotensive and euglycemic middle-aged and elderly adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 512 males and 958 females were enrolled from the Changfeng Study. A standard interview, anthropometric measurements and laboratory analyses were performed for each participant. Bilateral carotid intima-media thicknesses (CIMTs) were measured using ultrasonography, and the presence of carotid plaques was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of non-HDL-C were 3.4 ± 0.8 mmol/l and 3.6 ± 0.9 mmol/l for male and female subjects, respectively. Compared with female subjects with non-HDL-C in the first quartile, female subjects with non-HDL-C in the fourth quartile had 1.317-fold increased risks for carotid plaques after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and increasing quartiles of all lipid levels. Non-HDL-C was positively associated with the CIMT after adjusting for CVD risk factors in female subjects (β = 0.062, P = 0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that non-HDL-C is independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis in normotensive and euglycemic females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Huandong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasonography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Wanyuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Center, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xuejuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Naiqing
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, China.
authors.forename: Boshen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. zhongshan_endo@126.com.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002681:China; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL
keywords: Carotid atherosclerosis; Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT); Carotid plaque; Non-HDL-C