title: Aspirin Use Reduces the Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer and Disease Recurrence in African-American Men.
abstract: Background:Men of African descent experience a disproportionately high prostate cancer mortality. Intratumoral inflammation was found to be associated with aggressive prostate cancer. We and others have shown that prostate tumors in African-American (AA) patients harbor a distinct immune and inflammation signature when compared with European-American (EA) patients. These observations suggest that inflammation could be a driver of aggressive disease in men of African descent, leading to the hypothesis that an anti-inflammatory drug like aspirin could prevent disease progression.Methods:We examined the relationship between aspirin use and prostate cancer in the NCI-Maryland Prostate Cancer Case-Control Study consisting of 823 men with incident prostate cancer (422 AA and 401 EA) and 1,034 population-based men without the disease diagnosis (486 AA and 548 EA).Results:We observed a significant inverse association between regular aspirin use and prostate cancer among AA men. Stratification of AA patients by disease stage showed that daily and long-term (>3 years) aspirin use significantly decreased the risk of advanced disease [adjusted ORs for T3/T4 disease: 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17-0.73; and 0.22, 95% CI, 0.08-0.60, respectively], but not early-stage disease (T1/T2). Regular aspirin use also reduced disease recurrence in AA men.Conclusions:Regular aspirin use is associated with a decreased risk of advanced stage prostate cancer and increased disease-free survival in AA men.Impact:Regular aspirin use before and after a prostate cancer diagnosis may prevent the development of aggressive disease in AA men who are at risk of a lethal malignancy.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(6); 845-53. ©2017 AACR.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Cheryl Jacobs
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Tiffany H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Dorsey
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Symone V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Loffredo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland. ambss@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ambs
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001241:Aspirin