title: Neutralization of Bactericidal Activity Related to Antimicrobial Carryover in Broiler Carcass Rinse Samples.
abstract: Studies were conducted to examine the ability of three chemicals to neutralize residual antibacterial activity of commercial antimicrobial chemicals used in poultry processing. Chemical antimicrobial interventions used in poultry processing may have potential for carryover into whole poultry carcass buffered peptone water (BPW) rinses collected for monitoring Salmonella contamination. Such carryover may lead to false-negative results due to continuing bactericidal action of the antimicrobial chemicals in the rinse. To simulate testing procedures used to detect Salmonella contamination, studies were conducted by separately adding test neutralizers (highly refined soy lecithin, sodium thiosulfate, or sodium bicarbonate) to BPW and using these solutions as carcass rinses. Control samples consisted of BPW containing no additional neutralizing agents. One of four antimicrobial solutions (cetylpyridinium chloride, peroxyacetic acid, acidified sodium chlorite, and a pH 1 hydrochloric:citric acid mix) was then added to the rinses. The four antimicrobial solutions were prepared at maximum allowable concentrations and diluted with modified BPW rinses to volumes simulating maximum carryover. These solutions were then inoculated with a mixed culture of five nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella serovars at 106CFU/mL. The inoculated rinse was stored at 4°C for 24 h, and Salmonella was enumerated by direct plating on brilliant green sulfa agar supplemented with nalidixic acid. Results indicate that incorporation of optimal concentrations of three neutralizing agents into BPW neutralized the demonstrated carryover effects of each of the four antimicrobial solutions tested, allowing recovery of viable Salmonella at 106CFU/mL (P > 0.05), equivalent to recovery from carcass rinses with no antimicrobial carryover. Incorporation of these neutralizers in BPW for Salmonella monitoring may reduce false-negative results and aid regulatory agencies in accurate reporting of Salmonella contamination of poultry.
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Gamble
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Berrang
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: R Jeff
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Buhr
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hinton
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Dianna V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Bourassa
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Kimberly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: 1 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605.
authors.forename: Peggy W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Feldner
authors.affiliation: 2 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, Building D, Suite 320, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005516:Food Microbiology; D012475:Salmonella
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: Antimicrobial carryover; Buffered peptone water; Neutralizers; Poultry processing; Salmonella