title: Synergistic effect of aqueous removal of fluoroquinolones by a combined use of peroxymonosulfate and ferrate(VI).
abstract: This paper examines for the first time the combined use of ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42-, Fe(VI)) with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to oxidize four fluoroquinolones (FQs) (flumequine (FLU), enrofloxacin (ENR), marbofloxacin (MAR), and ofloxacin (OFL)) at pH 7.0 and 25.0 °C. The results demonstrate that a combination of PMS and Fe(VI) synergistically enhance removal of FQs compared to the removal seen with either PMS or Fe(VI) alone. The oxidized products (OPs) of the reaction of FLU with the PMS-Fe(VI) system, identified by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) techniques, showed transformation products resulted from hydroxylation, ring cleavage, and de-fluorination processes. Thus, the combination of PMS and Fe(VI) can be developed as an innovative oxidative technology to remove contaminants from water.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
authors.forename: Mingbao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cizmas
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China. Electronic address: wangzy@nju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zunyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. Electronic address: vsharma@sph.tamhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Virender K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004357:Drug Synergism; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D010545:Peroxides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C017311:ferrate ion; C038288:peroxymonosulfate; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; C080260:marbofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D007501:Iron; C012976:flumequine
keywords: Ferrate; Fluoroquinolone antibiotics; Peroxymonosulfate; Synergistic effect; Water treatment