title: Long-term surgical outcome of conventional trabeculotomy for childhood glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the long-term surgical outcomes of conventional trabeculotomy in eyes with childhood glaucoma in a Japanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese patients with childhood glaucoma who underwent a conventional trabeculotomy at least once before age 3 years from 1986 to 2014 in our hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seven eyes of 64 patients (24 girls, 40 boys; mean age, 2.8 ± 5.1 months) were included. Sixty-eight (64%) eyes had primary childhood glaucoma (PCG) and 39 (36%) eyes had secondary childhood glaucoma (SCG). The average numbers of surgical operations performed to treat the two glaucoma types that resulted in significantly (p < 0.001) different surgical success rates were 1.4 ± 0.7 and 2.1 ± 0.8. Statistical analysis showed that eyes with PCG, compared with those with SCG, were successfully treated by one trabeculotomy and up to three trabeculotomies (hazard ratios 6.66 and 4.02, respectively). Age, gender, systemic complications, corneal diameter, corneal edema, and preoperative intraocular pressure did not significantly affect the surgical outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most eyes with PCG are treatable with a maximum of three trabeculotomies. However, SCG usually is refractory to trabeculotomy, and a more promising surgery must be designed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Research and Development, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida-Uemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.|Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory for Visual Science, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. azuma-n@ncchd.go.jp.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Childhood glaucoma; Cox regression model; Kaplan–Meier method; Surgical outcome; Trabeculotomy