title: Development of malignant lymphoma after metal-on-metal hip replacement: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A number of previous studies have reported a potential risk of malignancy, particularly hematological malignancy, developing in patients receiving a metal-on-metal (MoM) hip replacement. We report a case of malignant lymphoma that arose in a patient who had an MoM hip arthroplasty complicated by development of a pseudotumour. The tumour was a B cell follicular lymphoma that involved lymph nodes and bone. Metal ions are known to have a genotoxic effect on lymphoid cells. Although epidemiological studies have not established that there is an increased risk of lymphoma associated with MoM implants, only a relatively short time period has elapsed since re-introduction of this type of implant and long-term follow-up of patients with MoM implants is indicated.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3, 7HE, UK.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3, 7HE, UK.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchihara
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3, 7HE, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vlychou
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3, 7HE, UK. george.grammatopoulos@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grammatopoulos
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3, 7HE, UK.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Athanasou
mesh_terms: D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D061825:Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011859:Radiography; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Hip implant; Lymphoma; Metal on metal