title: Inorganic Nanowires-Assembled Layered Paper as the Valve for Controlling Water Transportation.
abstract: Layered materials with open interlayer channels enable various applications such as tissue engineering, ionic and molecular sieving, and electrochemical devices. However, most reports focus on the two-dimensional nanosheets-assembled layered materials, whose interlayer spacing is limited at the nanometer scale. Herein, we demonstrate that one-dimensional inorganic nanowires are the ideal building blocks for the construction of layered materials with open interlayer channels as well, which has not aroused much attention before. It is found that the relatively long inorganic nanowires are capable of assembling into free-standing layered paper with open interlayer channels during the filtration process. The spacings of interlayer channels between adjacent layers are up to tens of micrometers, which are much larger than those of the two-dimensional nanosheets-assembled layered materials. But the closed interlayer channels are observed when the relatively short inorganic nanowires are used as building blocks. The mechanism based on the relationship between the structural variation and the nanowires used is proposed, including the surface charge amplified effect, surface charge superimposed effect, and pillarlike supporting effect. According to the proposed mechanism, we have successfully fabricated a series of layered paper sheets whose architectures (including interlayer channels of cross section and pores on the surface) show gradient changes. The as-prepared layered paper sheets are employed as the valves for controlling water transportation. Tunable water transportation is achieved by the synergistic effect between in-plane interlayer channels (horizontal transportation) from the open to the closed states, and through-layer pores (vertical transportation) without surface modification or intercalation of any guest species.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei-Fei
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-5046
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Chao
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tuan-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yue-Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ri-Long
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: inorganic nanowires; interlayer channels; layered paper; nanostructured materials; water transportation