title: Antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of Ilex cornuta on myocardial ischemia injury.
abstract: Previous studies have indicated that the Ilex genus exhibits antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the pharmacologic action and mechanisms of Ilex cornuta against cardiac diseases have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of Ilex cornuta root with in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-oxidative effects of the extract of Ilex cornuta root (ICR) were measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging and MTT assays as well as immunoassay. Furthermore, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was established to investigate the cardioprotective effect of ICR in vivo. Eight compounds were isolated and identified from ICR and exhibited DPPH free-radical scavenging activities. They also could increase cell viability and inhibit morphological changes induced by H2O2or Na2S2O4in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, followed by increasing the SOD activities and decreasing the MDA and ROS levels. In addition, it could suppress the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In the rat model of myocardial ischemia, ICR decreased myocardial infarct size and suppressed the activities of LDH and CK. Furthermore, ICR attenuated histopathological alterations of heart tissues and the MDA levels, while increasing SOD activities in serum. In conclusion, these results suggest that ICR has cardioprotective activity and could be developed as a new food supplement for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Electronic address: liuyanli@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yan-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Electronic address: xuqiongming@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiong-Ming
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D030017:Ilex; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009203:Myocardial Infarction; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant; Apoptosis; Ilex cornuta; Myocardial ischemia