title: Thymic Determinants of γδ T Cell Differentiation.
abstract: γd T cells have emerged as major sources of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interferon-γ (IFNγ) in multiple models of infection, cancer and autoimmune disease. However, unlike their αβ T cell counterparts that require peripheral activation for effector cell differentiation, γδ T cells instead can be 'developmentally programmed' in the thymus to generate discrete γδ T cell effector subsets with distinctive molecular signatures. Nonetheless, recent studies have presented conflicting viewpoints on the signals involved in thymic γδ T cell development and differentiation, namely on the role of both T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent and TCR-independent factors. Here we review the current data and the ongoing controversies.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nital
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sumaria
authors.affiliation: Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom. Electronic address: d.pennington@qmul.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Pennington
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: bssantos@medicina.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Silva-Santos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
keywords: IFN-γ; IL-17; T-cell development; TCR; Thymus; γδ T cells