title: Experiments inducing prospective polar body nuclei to participate in embryogenesis of the sawfly Athalia rosae (Hymenoptera).
abstract: Mature eggs dissected from ovaries of unmated females of Athalia rosae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), if placed on a filter-paper soaked with distilled water, are activated and develop to haploid males. Occasionally, however, diploid females develop from these artificially activated eggs. Treatment of mature unfertilized eggs dissected from diploid females with ice-cold temperatures immediately before activation and with a high temperature (36° C) upon and immediately after activation resulted in the production of diploid males, diploid females, triploid females and gynandromorphs at high frequency. The same treatment of mature unfertilized eggs dissected from triploid females resulted in the production of only triploid survivors. These results, together with the results on the segregation of a marker mutation, yellow fatbody (yfb), appear to indicate that meiotic divisions were complete in the treated eggs, and that all four nuclei became potentially capable of participating in development with or without automictic fusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Division of Science of Biological Resources, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyu Beom
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Science of Biological Resources, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Tikahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.|Division of Science of Biological Resources, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, 657, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Kugao
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oishi
keywords: Athalia rosae; Automixis; Gynandromorph; Hymenoptera; Thelytoky