title: A workflow for in silico design of hIL-10 and ebvIL-10 inhibitors using well-known miniprotein scaffolds.
abstract: The over-expression of immune-suppressors such as IL-10 is a crucial landmark in both tumor progression, and latent viral and parasite infection. IL-10 is a multifunctional protein. Besides its immune-cell suppressive function, it also promotes B-cell tumorigenesis of lymphomas and melanoma. Human pathogens like unicellular parasites and viruses that remain latent inside B cells promote the over-expression of hIL-10 upon infection, which inhibits cell-mediated immune surveillance, and at the same time mediates B cell proliferation. The B-cell specific oncogenic latent virus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes a viral homologue of hIL-10 (ebvIL-10), expressed during lytic viral proliferation. Once expressed, ebvIL-10 inhibits cell-mediated immune surveillance, assuring EBV re-infection. During long-term latency, EBV-infected B cells over-express hIL-10 to assure B-cell proliferation, occasionally inducing EBV-mediated lymphomas. The amino acid sequences of hIL-10 and ebvIL-10 are more than 80% identical and thus have a very similar tridimensional structure. Based on their published crystallographic structures bound to their human receptor IL10R1, we report a structure-based design of hIL-10 and ebvIL-10 inhibitors based on 3 loops from IL10R1 that establish specific hydrogen bonds with the two IL10s. We have grafted these loops onto a permissible loop in three well-known miniprotein scaffolds-the Conus snail toxin MVIIA, the plant-derived trypsin inhibitor EETI, and the human appetite modulator AgRP. Our computational workflow described in detail below was invigorated by the negative and positive controls implemented, and therefore paves the way for future in vitro and in vivo validation assays of the IL-10 inhibitors engineered.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Innovación Biomédica, División de Biología Experimental y Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada, Baja California, C.P. 22860, Mexico.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dueñas
authors.affiliation: Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Km. 107 carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, C.P. 22860, Mexico. aguila@cnyn.unam.mx.
authors.forename: Sergio A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Aguila
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Innovación Biomédica, División de Biología Experimental y Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada, Baja California, C.P. 22860, Mexico. genaro.pimienta@gmail.com.|Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. genaro.pimienta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Genaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pimienta
mesh_terms: D019295:Computational Biology; D015195:Drug Design; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D057188:Workflow
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D014764:Viral Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: IL-10 inhibition; Knottin; Loop grafting; Miniprotein scaffold; Oncovirus and cancer