title: Case report of primary renal pelvis squamous cell carcinoma coexisting with long-standing calculi in left kidney on 18F-FDG PET/CT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary renal pelvis squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare neoplasm. In many patients, the SCC was associated with renal calculi.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 61-year-old male presented with intermittent pain at the left lumbar region for 3 days. The PET/CT images demonstrated increased F-FDG uptake in the upper pole of the left kidney and left renal hilar lymph nodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pathologic examination revealed well-moderately differentiated renal pelvis SCC with lymphatic metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient underwent a left nephrectomy a few days after the initial staging PET/CT study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No growing lesion or metastasis was observed during a 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our case demonstrates that F-FDG PET/CT is a useful diagnostic tool to evaluate primary renal pelvic SCC and detect metastatic lymph nodes in patients with long-standing calculi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shengming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jihui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shibiao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007682:Kidney Pelvis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18