title: Neural tube closure and embryonic metabolism.
abstract: Neural tube closure (NTC) is an embryonic process during formation of the mammalian central nervous system. Disruption of the dynamic, sequential events of NTC can cause neural tube defects (NTD) leading to spina bifida and anencephaly in the newborn. NTC is affected by inherent factors such as genetic mutation or if the mother is exposed to certain environmental factors such as intake of harmful chemicals, maternal infection, irradiation, malnutrition, and inadequate or excessive intake of specific nutrients. Although effects of these stress factors on NTC have been intensively studied, the metabolic state of a normally developing embryo remains unclear. State-of-the art mass spectrometry techniques have enabled detailed study of embryonic metabolite profiles and their distribution within tissues. This approach has demonstrated that glucose metabolism is altered during NTC stages involving chorioallantoic branching. An understanding of embryonic metabolic rewiring would help reveal the etiology of NTD caused by environmental factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-4557
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.|Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miura
mesh_terms: D000757:Anencephaly / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D055442:Metabolome; D054259:Neural Tube / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
keywords: energy metabolism; maternal-fetal interaction; neural tube closure; neural tube defects; placentation