title: High-risk community and primary care providers knowledge about and barriers to low-dose computed topography lung cancer screening.
abstract: Until recently, there has not been a valid and reliable screening test for lung cancer. As compared to chest X-ray, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening has demonstrated greater sensitivity resulting in lung cancer diagnosis at an earlier stage, thereby reducing lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals by 20%. In the current study, we sought to examine knowledge and attitudes about LDCT screening for lung cancer among an ethnically and racially diverse sample of high risk (HR) community members and primary care providers (PCP).
  
  
  
  Eligible individuals participated in a focus group using semi-structured interview guides. Focus groups were conducted with PCPs (by telephone) and HRs (in-person). Sessions were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The constant comparison method and content analysis were used to analyze results.
  
  
  
  The majority of PCPs had limited knowledge of lung cancer CT screening. PCPs cited barriers to recommendation including, cost/insurance barriers and the potential for false positives. PCPs perceived the main benefit to be early detection of lung cancer. The majority of HRs had never heard of lung LDCT screening and had never had a healthcare provider recommend it to them. Perceived barriers included fear of results (bad news) and financial costs. The main perceived benefit was early detection.
  
  
  
  Lack of knowledge about LDCT was a key a barrier across both the PCP and HR.
  
  
  
  Understanding the barriers to lung screening across diverse community populations is necessary to improve screening rates and shared decision-making.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, United States; Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States. Electronic address: Vani.Simmons@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Vani N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, United States; Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States. Electronic address: Jhanelle.gray@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Jhanelle E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, United States; Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States. Electronic address: matthew.schabath@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Schabath
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States. Electronic address: lauren.wilson@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, United States. Electronic address: gwendolyn.quinn@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Gwendolyn P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Quinn
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010465:Perception; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012306:Risk; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Focus groups; LDCT; Lung cancer screening