title: Estimation of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria by pulse-amplitude modulation chlorophyll fluorescence: problems and solutions.
abstract: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes and widely used for photosynthetic research as model organisms. Partly due to their prokaryotic nature, however, estimation of photosynthesis by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements is sometimes problematic in cyanobacteria. For example, plastoquinone pool is reduced in the dark-acclimated samples in many cyanobacterial species so that conventional protocol developed for land plants cannot be directly applied for cyanobacteria. Even for the estimation of the simplest chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, Fv/Fm, some additional protocol such as addition of DCMU or illumination of weak blue light is necessary. In this review, those problems in the measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in cyanobacteria are introduced, and solutions to those problems are given.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.|Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misumi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan. sonoike@waseda.jp.
authors.forename: Kintake
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5327-473X
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonoike
mesh_terms: D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism*; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005453:Fluorescence; D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D002734:Chlorophyll
keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence; Cyanobacteria; Nonphotochemical quenching; Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometry; State transition