title: Sleep Disorders: Is the Trigemino-Cardiac Reflex a Missing Link?
abstract: Trigeminal innervated areas in face, nasolacrimal, and nasal mucosa can produce a wide array of cardiorespiratory manifestations that include apnea, bradypnea, bradycardia, hypotension, and arrhythmias. This reflex is a well-known entity called "trigemino-cardiac reflex" (TCR). The role of TCR is investigated in various pathophysiological conditions especially in neurosurgical, but also skull base surgery procedures. Additionally, its significance in various sleep-related disorders has also been highlighted recently. Though, the role of diving reflex, a subtype of TCR, has been extensively investigated in sudden infant death syndrome. The data related to other sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea, bruxism is very limited and thus, this mini review aims to investigate the possible role and correlation of TCR in causing such sleep abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, MB , Canada.
authors.forename: Tumul
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuro-anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Barkha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bindu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuro-anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Gyaninder Pal
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schaller
keywords: bradycardia; bruxism; diving reflex; sleep apnea; trigemino-cardiac reflex