title: Associations of resting heart rate with endothelium-dependent vasodilation and shear rate.
abstract: Heart rate is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a hemodynamic factor that can modulate blood flow as it affects the frequency of shear stimuli acting on the arterial wall. However, the association between heart rate and endothelium-dependent vasodilation remains highly controversial. We determined the association between heart rate at rest and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in 98 apparently healthy adults (18-63 years). The mild and positive association between heart rate and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was no longer significant when age and sex or baseline diameter were controlled for. The path analyses revealed that heart rate was not directly related to FMD but the association was indirectly mediated by shear rate, which was confirmed by a bias-corrected bootstrap 95% CIs (0.0157-0.1056). We concluded that even though heart rate and endothelium-dependent vasodilation were associated with shear rate, there was no independent relation between heart rate and FMD.
authors.affiliation: a Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Jitanan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laosiripisan
authors.affiliation: a Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Kristin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Parkhurst
authors.affiliation: a Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Atherosclerosis; blood flow; flow-mediated dilation; heart rate at rest; shear stress