title: Evidence of phenotypic stability after transduction of fluorescent proteins in two human tongue cancer cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the phenotypic stability and biological properties of two human tongue cancer cell lines after transduction of fluorescent proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  The human tongue cancer cell lines UM1 and UM2 were cultured with GFP and RFP lentiviral particles stock for 72h. Cells with successful transduction of fluorescent proteins were selected in a medium containing G418 antibiotics for two weeks. The proliferation rates of parental and transduced cell lines were evaluated by their population doubling time (PDT). Transduction efficiency was assessed by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The transduced cells in passage 1, 2, 10, 20 and 30 were collected to check the stability of fluorescent protein expression. Phenotypic stability of the transduced cells was detected by means of cell morphology, cell surface markers and cell function evaluating essay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proliferation rates of the transduced cell lines showed no significant difference compared to their parental cells. Successful transduction with high efficiency (99% up) was demonstrated. High fluorescence expression on both transduced cells was detected until the thirtieth generation. UM1 and UM1-GFP displayed mesenchymal cell characteristics, while UM2 and UM2-RFP cell lines showed properties characteristic of epithelial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two human tongue cancer cell lines of epithelial and mesenchymal phenotype respectively, have been successfully labelled with green and red fluorescent proteins. The fluorescence maintained a high expression rate over thirty generations without influencing the original morphological phenotype and cadherin expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei-Xin
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, PR China.
authors.forename: Li-Wu
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong-Zhang
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, PR China. Electronic address: zwahlen@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zwahlen
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D010641:Phenotype; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
keywords: Cell line; Human tongue cancer; Lentiviral transduction; Phenotypic stability; Stable cell labelling