title: Short-term effects of intravitreal ranibizumab therapy on diabetic macular edema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The short-term effects of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) on diabetic macular edema (DME) remains unclear. We assessed the short-term effects of IVR on DME.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen eyes of 14 patients with DME were enrolled in this prospective interventional case series. After intravitreal ranibizumab was injected into treatment-naïve eyes with DME, we measured the foveal thickness (FT) before and 2 h, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month later and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at all times except 2 h and compared the changes to baseline (ΔFT and ΔVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean FT decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) from 452 ± 77 to 429 ± 65 microns after 2 h. The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA improved significantly (p = 0.032) after 1 month from 0.41 ± 0.24 to 0.32 ± 0.21 (20/51 to 20/42, Snellen equivalent). The ΔFT after 2 h was significantly (r = 0.53, p = 0.025) correlated with the ΔFT after 1 month. The ΔVA after 1 day was significantly (r = 0.59, p = 0.01) correlated with the ΔVA after 1 month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structural effects of IVR for DME occurred within 2 h, whereas the functional effects occurred after 1 month. The short-term effects (within 1 day) of IVR may predict the therapeutic outcome 1 month after IVR in patients with DME.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The trial registration number: UMIN000026118 (Feb/13/2017). Retrospectively registered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nayoro City General Hospital, Nishi 7 Minami 8-1, Nayoro, 096-8511, Japan. y37373m@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nayoro City General Hospital, Nishi 7 Minami 8-1, Nayoro, 096-8511, Japan.|Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishibazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akitoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000069579:Ranibizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000069579:Ranibizumab
keywords: Diabetic macular edema; Optic coherence tomography; Ranibizumab; Retina