Major bleeding events in Jordanian patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): Incidence, associated factors, impact on prognosis, and predictability of the CRUSADE bleeding risk score. Results from the First Jordanian PCR (PCR1).
OBJECTIVE
Determine the incidence of major bleeding events, their risk factors, and their impact on prognosis in Jordanian patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Evaluate the ability of the CRUSADE bleeding risk score (BRS) to predict major bleeding.


METHODS
Major bleeding events were defined according to the CRUSADE classification and their incidence was evaluated from hospital admission to one year of follow up. The CRUSADE bleeding risk score was calculated for each patient during the index admission. Incidence of major bleeding events was evaluated in each of the bleeding score quintiles. JoPCR1 is a prospective, observational, multicenter registry of consecutive patients who underwent PCI at 12 tertiary care centers in Jordan. A case report form was used to record data prospectively at hospital admission, at discharge, and at 1 and 12 months of follow-up.


RESULTS
The study included 2426 consecutive patients who underwent PCI. During the index hospitalization, major and minor bleeding events occurred in 0.95% and 2.6% of patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that only two variables were significantly associated with major bleeding: female gender (OR=3.7; 95% CI 1.6, 8.5; p=0.002) and past history of cardiovascular disease (OR=2.6; 95% CI 1.1, 5.9; p=0.026). Patients who had in-hospital major bleeding events had higher cardiac mortality during index hospitalization (13.0% vs. 0.7%, p<0.005) and at one year of follow up (13.0% vs. 1.8%, p<0.005) compared to those who had no such events. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the CRUSADE BRS has a high ability to predict major bleeding.


CONCLUSIONS
Major bleeding events were uncommon in this ME registry of a contemporary cohort of patients undergoing PCI but were associated with a higher mortality rate compared with those who did not have major bleeding events. CRUSADE BRS was highly predictive of the incidence of major bleeding events.
Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid-Jordan. Mijarrah@just.edu.jo.
Mohamad
M
Jarrah
Ayman
A
Hammoudeh
Osama
O
Okkeh
Yousef
Y
Khader
Sahem
S
Gharaibeh
Laith
L
Nasser
Amro
A
Rasheed
Ayed
A
Al-Hindi
Mohammad
M
Mohealdeen
Haneen
H
Kharabsheh
Hanan
H
Abunimeh
Enas
E
Hijjih
Lina
L
Tashman
Delia
D
Omar
Nadeen
N
Kufoof
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors