Relationship between selenium, lead, and mercury in red blood cells of Saudi autistic children.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. Environmental contribution to ASD is due in large part to the sensitivity of the developing brain to external exposures such as lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) as toxic heavy metals or due to a poor detoxification ability as the phenotype of this disorder. Selenium (Se) as an antioxidant element that counteracts the neurotoxicity of Hg, and Pb, presumably through the formation of nontoxic complexes. In the present study, Pb, Hg, and Se were measured in red blood cells (RBCs) of 35 children with ASD and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy control children using atomic absorption spectrometry. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis of the obtained data was performed to measure the predictive value of their absolute and relative concentrations. The obtained data demonstrates a significant elevation of Hg and Pb together with a significant decrease in the Se levels in RBCs of patients with ASD when compared to the healthy controls. The ratios of Se to both Pb and Hg were remarkably altered, being indicative of heavy metal neurotoxicity in patients with ASD. In conclusion, the present study indicates the importance of Se for prevention and/or therapy of heavy metal neurotoxicity.
Central Laboratory, Center for Female Scientific and Medical Colleges, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.|Autism Research and Treatment Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.|Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Afaf
A
El-Ansary
Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610, Mo i Rana, Norway. bjorklund@conem.org.
Geir
0000-0003-2632-3935
G
Bjørklund
Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia.|Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.|Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia.
Alexey A
AA
Tinkov
Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.|Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia.|RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.|All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, Russia.
Anatoly V
AV
Skalny
Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.|King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hussain
H
Al Dera
D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis*
D007854:Lead; D008628:Mercury; D012643:Selenium
Autism; Detoxification; Lead; Mercury; Neurotoxicity; Selenium