Reduction of relative centrifugal forces increases growth factor release within solid platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF)-based matrices: a proof of concept of LSCC (low speed centrifugation concept).
Purpose The present study evaluated the platelet distribution pattern and growth factor release (VEGF, TGF-β1 and EGF) within three PRF (platelet-rich-fibrin) matrices (PRF, A-PRF and A-PRF+) that were prepared using different relative centrifugation forces (RCF) and centrifugation times. Materials and methods immunohistochemistry was conducted to assess the platelet distribution pattern within three PRF matrices. The growth factor release was measured over 10 days using ELISA. Results The VEGF protein content showed the highest release on day 7; A-PRF+ showed a significantly higher rate than A-PRF and PRF. The accumulated release on day 10 was significantly higher in A-PRF+ compared with A-PRF and PRF. TGF-β1 release in A-PRF and A-PRF+ showed significantly higher values on days 7 and 10 compared with PRF. EGF release revealed a maximum at 24 h in all groups. Toward the end of the study, A-PRF+ demonstrated significantly higher EGF release than PRF. The accumulated growth factor releases of TGF-β1 and EGF on day 10 were significantly higher in A-PRF+ and A-PRF than in PRF. Moreover, platelets were located homogenously throughout the matrix in the A-PRF and A-PRF+ groups, whereas platelets in PRF were primarily observed within the lower portion. ​Discussion the present results show an increase growthfactor release by decreased RCF. However, further studies must be conducted to examine the extent to which enhancing the amount and the rate of released growth factors influence wound healing and biomaterial-based tissue regeneration. ​Conclusion These outcomes accentuate the fact that with a reduction of RCF according to the previously LSCC (described low speed centrifugation concept), growth factor release can be increased in leukocytes and platelets within the solid PRF matrices.
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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El Bagdadi
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Kubesch
Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Yu
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Al-Maawi
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Orlowska
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Dias
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Booms
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Dohle
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Sader
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Kirkpatrick
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.|Private Practice, Pain Therapy Center, Nice, France.
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Choukroun
FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. shahram.ghanaati@kgu.de.
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Ghanaati
D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D002498:Centrifugation / Q000379:methods*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000073183:Platelet-Rich Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000075082:Proof of Concept Study; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014945:Wound Healing
D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor
Inflammation; Leukocytes; Platelet-rich-fibrin; Platelets; Tissue engineering; Vascularization