Identification and Expression of Equine MER-Derived miRNAs.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, small RNAs (21-23 nucleotides) that function in gene silencing and translational inhibition via the RNA interference mechanism. Most miRNAs originate from host genomic regions, such as intergenic regions, introns, exons, and transposable elements (TEs). Here, we focused on the palindromic structure of medium reiteration frequencies (MERs), which are similar to precursor miRNAs. Five MER consensus sequences (MER5A1, MER53, MER81, MER91C, and MER117) were matched with paralogous transcripts predicted to be precursor miRNAs in the horse genome (equCab2) and located in either intergenic regions or introns. The MER5A1, MER53, and MER91C sequences obtained from RepeatMasker were matched with the eca-miR-544b, eca-miR-1302, and eca-miR-652 precursor sequences derived from Ensembl transcript database, respectively. Each precursor form was anticipated to yield two mature forms, and we confirmed miRNA expression in six different tissues (cerebrum, cerebellum, lung, spleen, adrenal gland, and duodenum) of one thorough-bred horse. MER5A1-derived miRNAs generally showed significantly higher expression in the lung than in other tissues. MER91C-derived miRNA-5p also showed significantly higher expression in the duodenum than in other tissues (cerebellum, lung, spleen, and adrenal gland). The MER117-overlapped expressed sequence tag generated polycistronic miRNAs, which showed higher expression in the duodenum than other tissues. These data indicate that horse MER transposons encode miR-NAs that are expressed in several tissues and are thought to have biological functions.
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.|Genetic Engineering Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.|The Genomics Institute, Life Sciences Department, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
Jeong-An
JA
Gim
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.|Genetic Engineering Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
Heui-Soo
HS
Kim
D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000502:physiology; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016678:Genome; D006736:Horses / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D055029:Inverted Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics*; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012322:RNA Precursors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000502:physiology
D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012322:RNA Precursors
MicroRNA; medium reiteration frequency transposon; palindromic structure; thoroughbred horse