Assessment of protein silver nanoparticles toxicity against pathogenic Alternaria solani.
Mycogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out in the present investigation using an aqueous extract of endophytic non-pathogenic Alternaria solani F10 (KT721914). The mycosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by means of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The surface plasmon resonance found at 430 nm confirmed the formation of stable AgNPs for several weeks at room temperature. Also, the results revealed the formation of spherical and monodispersed AgNPs with an average size of 14.8 ± 1.2 nm. The FT-IR spectrum suggested that the fungal extracellular proteins and secondary metabolites had the role in Ag reduction and AgNPs capping of which protein Ag nanoconjugates were formed. Furthermore, the mycosynthesized AgNPs exhibited potent antifungal activity against different pathogenic isolates of the same Alternaria solani fungus, the causal pathogen of tomato early blight disease. The antifungal efficiency of the AgNPs at 1, 5 and 10 ppm were evaluated for 8 days after incubation by measuring the inhibition rate of fungal radial growth. The results were further supported by investigating fungal hyphae morphology alteration by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Treated fungal hyphae showed formation of pits and pores. Also, the mycosynthesized AgNPs were able to pass and distribute throughout the fungal cell area and interact with the cell components.
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
Sobhy I I
SI
Abdel-Hafez
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt. niviennafady@aun.edu.eg.
Nivien A
NA
Nafady
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
Ismail R
IR
Abdel-Rahim
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12655, Egypt.
Abeer M
AM
Shaltout
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Avenida de los Naranjos, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
José-Antonio
JA
Daròs
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.|Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12655, Egypt.|Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Avenida de los Naranjos, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
Mohamed A
MA
Mohamed
Alternaria solani; Antifungal activity; Mycosynthesis; Pathogen; Silver nanoparticles