Geraniol promotes functional recovery and attenuates neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury.
Geraniol, a plant-derived monoterpene, has been extensively studied and showed a wide variety of beneficial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of geraniol on functional recovery and neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). Rats received a clip-compression SCI and were treated with geraniol 6 h following SCI. Treatment of SCI rats with geraniol markedly improved locomotor function, and reduced sensitivity to the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Treatment of SCI rats with geraniol increased NeuN-positive cells, suppressed expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, and reduced activity of caspase-3 in the injured region. Treatment of SCI rats with geraniol reduced levels of malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine, upregulated protein expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase 1, and suppressed expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the injured region. In addition, treatment of SCI rats with geraniol downregulated protein expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 and reduced the number of CD68-positive cells and protein levels of TNF-α in the injured region. In conclusion, geraniol significantly promoted the recovery of neuronal function and attenuated neuropathic pain after SCI.
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.|Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
Yan
Y
Lv
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.|Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
Liang
L
Zhang
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.|Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
Na
N
Li
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.|Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
Naiken
N
Mai
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.|Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
Yu
Y
Zhang
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.|Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.
Shuyi
S
Pan
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013729:Terpenes; C007836:geraniol
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1; geraniol; géraniol; inflammation; lésion de la moelle épinière; oxidative stress; récepteur 1 du N-méthyl-d-aspartate; spinal cord injury; stress oxydatif