Increasing maneb doses induces reactive oxygen species overproduction and nephrotoxicity in adult mice.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to elucidate the biochemical, molecular and histopathological aspects of the kidney injuries as well as the hematological perturbations induced after adult mice exposure to increasing doses of maneb (MB).


METHODS
Adult mice were intraperitoneally treated for seven days with four graded doses of MB, corresponding to 1/8, 1/6, 1/4 and 1/2 of its lethal dose (LD50=1500 mg/kg body weight).


RESULTS
Hematological analysis revealed a significant disruption in total white blood cells and platelets and a significant decrease in the plasmatic levels of ferrozine in mice treated with 1/8, 1/6 and 1/4 of MB LD50. However, the ferrozine levels increased significantly in the group treated with 1/2 of MB LD50. Evenly, our results showed a significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, hydrogen peroxide and advanced oxidation protein products in all treated groups. The activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase decreased significantly in all MB treated mice. Additionally, all treated groups exhibited strong nephrotoxicity signs, including increases in plasma urea, creatinine and albumin levels and lactate dehydrogenase activity, as well as a significant decrease in uric acid levels. Electrophoresis analysis revealed nucleic acid degradation, testifying the genotoxicity of MB. Moreover, the histopathological observations showed severe renal injuries, which could be related to the above mentioned data.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data showed, for the first time, that the MB tested doses led to oxidative stress installation causing renal cell damages and lowering all defense systems capacities.
a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Imen
I
Jaballi
a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Hajer
H
Ben Saad
b Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School in Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Intidhar
I
Bkhairia
c Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Intissar
I
Kammoun
d EA 4324 ORPHY, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brest , Brest Cedex , France.
Michael
M
Droguet
e EA 2219 Géoarchitecture , University of Brest , Brest Cedex , France.
Christian
C
Magné
f Laboratory of Anatomopathology , CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Tahia
T
Boudawara
g Laboratory of Hematology , CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Choumous
C
Kallel
b Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School in Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Monsef
M
Nasri
a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Ahmed
A
Hakim
c Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Ibtissem
I
Ben Amara
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008344:Maneb / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D009393:Nephritis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood*
D015415:Biomarkers; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008344:Maneb
Maneb (MB); genotoxicity; kidney; mice; oxidative stress