Parenting self-efficacy and empowerment among expectant mothers with substance use disorders.
OBJECTIVE
to describe parenting self-efficacy and family empowerment among expectant mothers with substance use disorders.


METHODS
the study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design.


METHODS
participants were 71 pregnant women with substance use disorders entering a gender-specific, substance use disorder, residential treatment facility.


METHODS
measurement tools included: the demographic data form, the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, the Addiction Severity Index, and the Family Empowerment Scale.


RESULTS
women in their third trimester reported statistically significant higher levels of both parenting self-efficacy and family empowerment than women in their first trimester.


CONCLUSIONS
interventions that promote parenting self-efficacy and family empowerment need to target women in their first trimester.


CONCLUSIONS
midwives with specialized training in substance abuse disorders are in a unique position to bolster expectant mothers' parenting capabilities during the addiction recovery process.
Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, General Academic Pediatrics, 1465 South Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, United States. Electronic address: dzand@slu.edu.
Debra H
DH
Zand
Queen of Peace Center, 325 N. Newstead, Saint Louis, MO 63108, United States. Electronic address: jchou@ccstl.org.
Jessica L
JL
Chou
Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, General Academic Pediatrics, 1465 South Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, United States. Electronic address: kjpierce@slu.edu.
Kathy J
KJ
Pierce
Queen of Peace Center, 325 N. Newstead, Saint Louis, MO 63108, United States. Electronic address: lpennington@ccstl.org.
Lara B
LB
Pennington
Queen of Peace Center, 325 N. Newstead, Saint Louis, MO 63108, United States. Electronic address: rdickens@ccstl.org.
Rosalie R
RR
Dickens
Generate Health, 1300 Hampton Ave, Ste 111, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States. Electronic address: jmichael@stl-mcfhc.org.
Jerri
J
Michael
Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, General Academic Pediatrics, 1465 South Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, United States. Electronic address: dmcnama1@slu.edu.
Donna
D
McNamara
Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, General Academic Pediatrics, 1465 South Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, United States. Electronic address: whitet@slu.edu.
Taryn
T
White
D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000068101:Maternal-Child Health Services; D008880:Midwifery; D008923:Missouri; D016487:Parenting; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012114:Residential Treatment; D012944:Social Support; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
Family empowerment; Maternal substance use; Parental efficacy; Pregnancy; Substance use disorders