An advanced glycation endproduct (AGE)-rich diet promotes accumulation of AGEs in Achilles tendon.
Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) accumulate in long-lived tissue proteins like collagen in bone and tendon causing modification of the biomechanical properties. This has been hypothesized to raise the risk of orthopedic injury such as bone fractures and tendon ruptures. We evaluated the relationship between AGE content in the diet and accumulation of AGEs in weight-bearing animal Achilles tendon. Two groups of mice (C57BL/6Ntac) were fed with either high-fat diet low in AGEs high-fat diet (HFD) (n= 14) or normal diet high in AGEs (ND) (n= 11). AGE content in ND was six to 50-fold higher than HFD The mice were sacrificed at week 40 and Achilles and tail tendons were carefully excised to compare weight and nonweight-bearing tendons. The amount of the AGEs carboxymethyllysine (CML), methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone (MG-H1) and carboxyethyllysine (CEL) in Achilles and tail tendon was measured using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and pentosidine with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescent detection. AGEs in Achilles tendon were higher than in tail tendon for CML (P< 0.0001), CEL (P< 0.0001), MG-H1 and pentosidine (for both ND and HFD) (P< 0.0001). The AGE-rich diet (ND) resulted in an increase in CML (P< 0.0001), MG-H1 (P< 0.001) and pentosidine (P< 0.0001) but not CEL, in Achilles and tail tendon. This is the first study to provide evidence for AGE accumulation in injury-prone, weight-bearing Achilles tendon associated with intake of an AGE-rich diet. This indicates that food-derived AGEs may alter tendon properties and the development of tendon injuries.
Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Dorthe
D
Skovgaard
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Rene B
RB
Svensson
Experimental Internal Medicine at the Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht University Medical Center, Copenhagen, The Netherlands.
Jean
J
Scheijen
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Pernilla
P
Eliasson
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Pernille
P
Mogensen
Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Anne Mette F
AM
Hag
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Michael
M
Kjær
Experimental Internal Medicine at the Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht University Medical Center, Copenhagen, The Netherlands.
Casper G
CG
Schalkwijk
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Peter
P
Schjerling
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Physical Therapy, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Unit Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Stig P
SP
Magnusson
Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine and IOC Research Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ccouppe@gmail.com.|Department of Physical Therapy, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Unit Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Christian
C
Couppé
D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004032:Diet; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D013623:Tail / Q000378:metabolism; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced
AGE‐rich diet; Achilles tendon; advanced glycation endproducts; aging