In vivo response to decellularized mesothelium scaffolds.
Biological surgical scaffolds are used in plastic and reconstructive surgery to support structural reinforcement and regeneration of soft tissue defects. Macrophage and fibroblast cell populations heavily regulate scaffold integration into host tissue following implantation. In the present study, the biological host response to a commercially available surgical scaffold (Meso BioMatrix Surgical Mesh (MBM)) was investigated for up to 9 weeks after subcutaneous implantation; this scaffold promoted superior cell migration and infiltration previously in in vitro studies relative to other commercially available scaffolds. Infiltrating macrophages and fibroblasts phenotypes were assessed for evidence of inflammation and remodeling. At week 1, macrophages were the dominant cell population, but fibroblasts were most abundant at subsequent time points. At week 4, the scaffold supported inflammation modulation as indicated by M1 to M2 macrophage polarization; the foreign body giant cell response resolved by week 9. Unexpectedly, a fibroblast subpopulation expressed macrophage phenotypic markers, following a similar trend in transitioning from a proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotype. Also, α-smooth muscle actin-expressing myofibroblasts were abundant at weeks 4 and 9, mirroring collagen expression and remodeling activity. MBM supported physiologic responses observed during normal wound healing, including cellular infiltration, host tissue ingrowth, remodeling of matrix proteins, and immune modulation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 716-725, 2018.
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.
Michael J
MJ
Cronce
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.
Renea A
RA
Faulknor
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.
Irina
I
Pomerantseva
DSM Biomedical, Exton, Pennsylvania, 19341.
Xiang-Hong
XH
Liu
DSM Biomedical, Exton, Pennsylvania, 19341.
Scott M
SM
Goldman
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.
Emmanuel C
EC
Ekwueme
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.
Olive
O
Mwizerwa
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.
Craig M
CM
Neville
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.
Cathryn A
CA
Sundback
D000818:Animals; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000378:metabolism; D015743:Giant Cells, Foreign-Body / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014945:Wound Healing
ECM (extracellular matrix); decellularization; fibroblast; macrophage; wound healing