Dyslipidemia rather than Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Chronic Periodontitis Affects the Systemic Expression of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Genes.
A high percentage of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients are also affected by dyslipidemia and chronic periodontitis (CP), but no studies have determined the gene expression in patients that are simultaneously affected by all three diseases. We investigated the systemic expression of immune-related genes in T2D, dyslipidemia, and CP patients. One hundred and fifty patients were separated into five groups containing 30 individuals each: (G1) poorly controlled T2D with dyslipidemia and CP; (G2) well-controlled T2D with dyslipidemia and CP; (G3) normoglycemic individuals with dyslipidemia and CP; (G4) healthy individuals with CP; (G5) systemic and periodontally healthy individuals. Blood analyses of lipid and glycemic profiles were carried out. The expression of genes, includingIL10, JAK1, STAT3, SOCS3, IP10, ICAM1, IFNA, IFNG, STAT1,andIRF1,was investigated by RT-qPCR. Patients with dyslipidemia demonstrated statistically higher expression of theIL10andIFNAgenes, whileIFNG, IP10, IRF1, JAK1,andSTAT3were lower in comparison with nondyslipidemic patients. Anti-inflammatory genes, such asIL10, positively correlated with parameters of glucose, lipid, and periodontal profiles, while proinflammatory genes, such asIFNG, were negatively correlated with these parameters. We conclude that dyslipidemia appears to be the primary disease that is associated with gene expression of immune-related genes, while parameters of T2D and CP were correlated with the expression of these important immune genes.
Department of Morphology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Rafael
0000-0002-3120-0617
R
Nepomuceno
Department of Morphology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Bárbara Scoralick
0000-0002-0378-3114
BS
Villela
Department of Morphology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Sâmia Cruz Tfaile
SC
Corbi
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Alliny De Souza
AS
Bastos
Postgraduate Program in Sciences of the University of Franca, 14404-600 Franca, SP, Brazil.
Raquel Alves
RA
Dos Santos
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Catarina Satie
0000-0003-3367-539X
CS
Takahashi
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Silvana Regina Perez
SR
Orrico
Department of Morphology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Raquel Mantuaneli
0000-0001-5068-0268
RM
Scarel-Caminaga
D000328:Adult; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; C104577:IP10-Mig receptor; C494257:IRF1 protein, human; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D016753:Interleukin-10; C507904:JAK1 protein, human; D053613:Janus Kinase 1