Inter-annual Variation of Ambient Ammonia and Related Trace Gases in Delhi, India.
In this study, ambient NH3, NO, NO2, CO and SO2were measured continuously from February, 2008, to December, 2016. The annual average mixing ratios (mole/mole) of NH3, NO, NO2, CO and SO2were 17.8 ± 3.4 ppb; 21.2 ± 2.3 ppb, 18.1 ± 3.2 ppb; 1.7 ± 0.3 ppm and 2.0 ± 0.3 ppb, respectively. All the trace gases (NH3, NO, NO2, CO and SO2) showed significant annual variation during the study. A significant increasing trend in mixing ratios of ambient NH3and NO2were observed at the observational site of Delhi, whereas, increasing trend were recorded in case of NO, CO and NO2mixing ratios. The results emphasized that traffic could be one of the significant sources of ambient NH3at the urban site of Delhi, as illustrated by positive correlations of NH3with traffic related co-pollutants (NO and CO).
Environmental Sciences and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India. sudhir.npl@nic.in.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Physical Laboratory campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India. sudhir.npl@nic.in.
S K
SK
Sharma
Environmental Sciences and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Physical Laboratory campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
Saraswati
Environmental Sciences and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Physical Laboratory campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
T K
TK
Mandal
Environmental Sciences and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
Mohit
M
Saxena
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D005740:Gases; D014131:Trace Elements; D000641:Ammonia
Ammonia; Annual variation; Meteorological parameters; Trace gases