Novel adaptive and innate immunity targets in hypertension.
Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and global health concern as it is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. A relationship between the immune system and its contributing role to the pathogenesis of hypertension has been long established, but substantial advancements within the last few years have dissected specific causal molecular mechanisms. This review will briefly examine these recent studies exploring the involvement of either innate or adaptive immunity pathways. Such pathways to be discussed include innate immunity factors such as antigen presenting cells and pattern recognition receptors, adaptive immune elements including T and B lymphocytes, and more specifically, the emerging role of T regulatory cells, as well as the potential of cytokines and chemokines to serve as signaling messengers connecting innate and adaptive immunity. Together, we summarize these studies to provide new perspective for what will hopefully lead to more targeted approaches to manipulate the immune system as hypertensive therapy.
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States. Electronic address: jabaisbattad@mcw.edu.
Justine M
JM
Abais-Battad
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States.
John Henry
JH
Dasinger
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States.
Daniel J
DJ
Fehrenbach
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States.
David L
DL
Mattson
D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
D016207:Cytokines
Adaptive immunity; Antigen presenting cells; Hypertension; Innate immunity; Lymphocytes