The impact of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and physical inactivity on the risk of urolithiasis occurrence and recurrence.
BACKGROUND
Prevention of urolithiasis occurrence and recurrence is important issue, due to one affects mainly people of the working age and often leads to disability.


OBJECTIVE
To study the impact of harmful habits like smoking, alcohol drinking, and hypodynamics on the risk of urolithiasis occurrence and recurrence.


METHODS
It was conducted a retrospective epidemiological study of a representative sample of 443 patients with urolithiasis (basic group, 403 - of them without recurrences and 40 - with recurrences) and 203 patients without urolithiasis - control group, at discharge them from urologic in-patient departments of health care facilities of Ivano-Frankivsk region.


RESULTS
It was established widespread of smoking and alcohol consumption among male respondents (31.8% smoke and 42.1% smoked, 43.4% used alcohol weekly or more) and generally low physical activity (53.6% among both sexes). The Odds Ratio was at: smoking - 0.90 (95% CI = 0.64-1.26; p>0.05) for occurrence and 1.43 (0.74-2.74; p>0.05) for recurrence; alcohol drinking - 0.81 (0.56-1.16; p>0.05) and 0.92 (0.43-1.94; p>0.05) respectively; low physical activity - 1.44 (0.81-2.56; p>0.05) and 3.52 (0.47-26.44; p>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
It was received no credible evidence that cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and hypodynamics influence the occurrence and recurrence of urolithiasis. The research in this approach should continue.
Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
Oryna
O
Detsyk
Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
Dmytro
D
Solomchak
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014455:Ukraine / Q000453:epidemiology; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
 alcohol drinking;  cigarette smoking;  physical activity ; urolithiasis