Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from herds of sheep in southern Brazil reveals the archetypal type II genotype and new non-archetypal genotypes.
Recent studies have demonstrated that, in Brazil and South America, strains of Toxoplasma gondii are often genotypically and biologically different from those found in countries on other continents. The objective of this study was to genotypically characterize T. gondii isolates from naturally infected sheep in herds in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, by means of the polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Five T. gondii isolates obtained from sheep in five municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul were used. Application of multilocus PCR-RFLP multilocus using 12 genetic markers (SAG1, 5'3' SAG2, alt. SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, c22-8, c29-2, GRA6, L358, PK1, APICO and CS3) revealed four different genotypes in the five isolates studied: clonal type II (TgOvBrRS4), type BrIV (TgOvBrRS2 and TgOvBrRS3) and two new non-archetypal genotypes, ToxoDB-RFLP#270 and #271 (TgOvBrRS1 and TgOvBrRS5, respectively). The genotype structure found in the T. gondii isolates from naturally infected sheep in the southern region of Brazil was revealed to have high diversity. This study confirms the presence of rare circulation of the clonal type II genotype in Brazil.
Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Tatiana
T
da Silva Ramos
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: hfpena@usp.br.
Hilda Fátima
HF
de Jesus Pena
Postgraduate Veterinary Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Alceu Gonçalves
AG
Dos Santos Junior
Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Laura Maria Jorge
LMJ
de Faria Santos
Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Beatris Gonzales
BG
Cademartori
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Solange
S
Oliveira
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, CEP 05508-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Solange Maria
SM
Gennari
Health Sciences Center, Catholic University of Pelotas, Campus I, Rua Gonçalves Chaves 373, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Andréa
A
da Silva Ramos Rocha
Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Nara Amélia
NA
da Rosa Farias
D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000235:genetics*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000469:parasitology*
D005819:Genetic Markers
Diversity; Genotyping; PCR-RFLP; Sheep; Toxoplasmosis