Antifungal activity of synthetic antiseptics and natural compounds against Candida dubliniensis before and after in vitro fluconazole exposure.
This study evaluated the susceptibilities of oral candidiasis-derived Candida albicans, fluconazole-resistant (FR) Candida dubliniensis, and fluconazole-susceptible (FS) C. dubliniensis to synthetic antiseptics [chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and triclosan (TRC)] and natural compounds (carvacrol, eugenol and thymol).
Susceptibility tests were performed based on the M27-A3 reference method. The fluconazole-resistant C. dubliniensis strains were obtained after prolonged in vitro exposure to increasing fluconazole concentrations. The geometric mean values for minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations were compared among the groups.
Fluconazole-susceptible C. dubliniensis was more sensitive to CPC and TRC than FR C. dubliniensis and C. albicans were. However, eugenol and thymol were more active against FR C. dubliniensis. The fungicidal activities of CHX and TRC were similar for the three groups, and FR C. dubliniensis and C. albicans had similar sensitivities to CPC.
The resistance of C. dubliniensis to fluconazole affects its sensitivity the synthetic antiseptics and natural compounds that were tested.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Odontológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Cássia Franco
CF
Reginato
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Laíssa Arévalo
LA
Bandeira
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brasil.
Régis Adriel
RA
Zanette
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Janio Morais
JM
Santurio
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Sydney Hartz
SH
Alves
Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Cristiane Cademartori
CC
Danesi
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013943:Thymol / Q000494:pharmacology; D014260:Triclosan / Q000494:pharmacology
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D013943:Thymol; D005054:Eugenol; D014260:Triclosan; D015725:Fluconazole; D002594:Cetylpyridinium; D002710:Chlorhexidine