DNA-Based Enzyme Reactors and Systems.
During recent years, the possibility to create custom biocompatible nanoshapes using DNA as a building material has rapidly emerged. Further, these rationally designed DNA structures could be exploited in positioning pivotal molecules, such as enzymes, with nanometer-level precision. This feature could be used in the fabrication of artificial biochemical machinery that is able to mimic the complex reactions found in living cells. Currently, DNA-enzyme hybrids can be used to control (multi-enzyme) cascade reactions and to regulate the enzyme functions and the reaction pathways. Moreover, sophisticated DNA structures can be utilized in encapsulating active enzymes and delivering the molecular cargo into cells. In this review, we focus on the latest enzyme systems based on novel DNA nanostructures: enzyme reactors, regulatory devices and carriers that can find uses in various biotechnological and nanomedical applications.
Biohybrid Materials, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto 00076, Finland. veikko.linko@aalto.fi.
Veikko
V
Linko
Biohybrid Materials, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto 00076, Finland. sami.nummelin@aalto.fi.
Sami
S
Nummelin
Biohybrid Materials, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto 00076, Finland. laura.aarnos@aalto.fi.
Laura
L
Aarnos
Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland. kosti.t.o.tapio@jyu.fi.
Kosti
K
Tapio
Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland. j.jussi.toppari@jyu.fi.
J Jussi
JJ
Toppari
Biohybrid Materials, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto 00076, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
Mauri A
MA
Kostiainen
DNA nanodevice; DNA nanotechnology; DNA origami; DNA sensors; cascade reactions; drug-delivery; enzyme; nanomedicine; self-assembly