Sigma-1 Receptors Fine-Tune the Neuronal Networks.
The endoplasmic reticular (ER) protein sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) has been implicated in CNS disorders including but not limited to neurodegenerative diseases, depression , amnesia, and substance abuse. Sig-1Rs are particularly enriched in the specific domain where ER membranes make contacts with the mitochondria (MAM). Within that specific domain, Sig-1Rs play significant roles governing calcium signaling and reactive oxygen species homeostasis to maintain proper neuronal functions. Studies showed that the Sig-1R is pivotal to regulate neuroplasticity and neural survival via multiple aspects of mechanism. Numerous reports have been focusing on Sig-1R's regulatory effects in ER stress, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and protein chaperoning. In this book chapter, we will discuss the emerging role of Sig-1R in balancing the populations of neuron and glia and their implications in CNS diseases.
Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, DHHS, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. stsai@mail.nih.gov.
Shang-Yi Anne
SA
Tsai
Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Tsung-Ping
TP
Su
D000818:Animals; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017480:Receptors, sigma / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097605:Sigma-1 Receptor
D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017480:Receptors, sigma; D000097605:Sigma-1 Receptor
Astrocyte; Axon pathfinding; Axon pruning; Glia-neuron interplay; Sigma-1 receptor