Effect of ultrasound on silver electrodeposition: Crystalline structure modification.
An attractive possibility for influencing microstructures of electrodeposited coatings, and therefore their properties such as hardness, brightness etc. resides in the use of ultrasound. This method is particularly competitive as it may result in a reduction of chemical use, or even in the complete suppression of chemicals. This paper deals with silver coatings depending strongly on current density, with two main categories identified by X-ray diffraction: one poorly structured and the other following the [110] orientation. It is interesting to note that, while changing from still to mechanically stirred conditions, the value of the current density threshold moves from 2.5mAcm-2to 5mAcm-2. When ultrasound is used (575kHz or 20kHz), this coating microstructure modification threshold occurs at higher current density values when coatings are produced under sonication, while agitation is kept constant. In both cases, the shift is about 15mAcm-2. It is noteworthy that silver electrodeposits elaborated under 20kHz ultrasound conditions appear to be less oriented than those obtained under high frequency conditions.
Institut UTINAM - UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
Aymeric
A
Nevers
Institut UTINAM - UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
Loïc
L
Hallez
Institut UTINAM - UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
Francis
F
Touyeras
Institut UTINAM - UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
Jean-Yves
JY
Hihn
Crystalline structures; EBSD; Equivalent velocity; Silver electrodeposition; Ultrasound; XRD