Novel modified nanocellulose applicable as reinforcement in high-performance nanocomposites.
The influence of modification and vacuum/supercritical CO2(scCO2) drying methods on the surface properties, morphology and thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals (NC) was presented in this study. Introduction of reactive vinyl groups on NC surface was performed by either direct esterification with oleic acid, linseed or sunflower oil fatty acids; or by amidation of maleic acid/ethylene diamine with methyl ester of fatty acid. Obtained modified NC (m-NC) were characterized using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy; and by determination of acid, iodine and ester values. Structural analysis of m-NC showed varieties of forms, from spongy to nanostructural non-uniform layered morphology with observable agglomeration, which confirmed morphology dependence on modification/processing methods Thermogravimetry-MS spectrometry showed different thermal stability and degradation pathways of NC/m-NC. Incorporation of 1 wt% of reactive m-NC in unsaturated polyester lead to high performance nanocomposites and contributed to increase of stress at break in the range from 76 to 93%.
Innovation Center, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: jrusmirovic@tmf.bg.ac.rs.
Jelena D
JD
Rusmirović
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: jasnai@tmf.bg.ac.rs.
Jasna Z
JZ
Ivanović
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Technical Sciences of the SASA, Knez Mihailova 36, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: vladimirboskopavlovic@gmail.com.
Vladimir B
VB
Pavlović
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: vesna@ffh.bg.ac.rs.
Vesna M
VM
Rakić
Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: milica.rancic@sfb.bg.ac.rs.
Milica P
MP
Rančić
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: vdjokic@tmf.bg.ac.rs.
Veljko
V
Djokić
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: marinko@tmf.bg.ac.rs.
Aleksandar D
AD
Marinković
Fatty acid modification; Nanocellulose; Supercritical drying; Vinyl reactive nanocellulose