Circulating Tumor DNA for Mutation Detection and Identification of Mechanisms of Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Targeted therapies have changed the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer over the past decade. Analyses of cell free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) provide a non-invasive and robust approach for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, real-time monitoring of treatment response, and the identification of appropriate therapeutic targets based on the detection of tumor genetic aberrations. Recent improvements in the sensitivity, specificity, and feasibility of ctDNA detection assays allow the possibility for implementation into clinical practice. This review will focus on key studies using ctDNA analysis in early lung cancer detection, prediction of treatment response, monitoring minimal residual disease and disease relapse, and the identification of resistance mechanisms. We explore how ctDNA can be used as a surrogate for tissue biopsy and an integral biomarker in the clinical management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, #3011, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
Kay T
KT
Yeung
University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, #3011, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
Soham
S
More
University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, #3011, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
Brian
B
Woodward
Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Victor
V
Velculescu
University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, #3011, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA. hhusain@ucsd.edu.
Hatim
H
Husain
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000074141:Circulating Tumor DNA / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D015870:Gene Expression; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000074141:Circulating Tumor DNA; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors