Characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from feces of sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan using PCR binary typing analysis to evaluate their potential human pathogenicity.
This study examined the potential pathogenicity of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in feces of sika deer by PCR binary typing (P-BIT), using 24 selected STEC genes. A total of 31 STEC strains derived from sika deer in 6 prefectures of Japan were O-serotyped and found to be O93 (n=12), O146 (n=5), O176 (n=3), O130 (n=3), O5 (n=2), O7 (n=1), O96 (n=1), O116 (n=1), O141 (n=1), O157 (n=1) and O-untypable (n=1). Of the 31 STEC strains, 13 carried both stx1 and stx2, 5 carried only stx1, and 13 carried one or two variants of stx2. However, no Stx2 production was observed in 3 strains that carried only stx2: the other 28 strains produced the appropriate Stx. P-BIT analysis showed that the 5 O5 strains from two wild deer formed a cluster with human STEC strains, suggesting that the profiles of the presence of the 24 P-BIT genes in the deer strains were significantly similar to those in human strains. All of the other non-O157 STEC strains in this study were classified with strains from food, domestic animals and humans in another cluster. Good sanitary conditions should be used for deer meat processing to avoid STEC contamination, because STEC is prevalent in deer and deer may be a potential source of STEC causing human infections.
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Hidenori
H
Kabeya
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Shingo
S
Sato
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Shinya
S
Oda
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Megumi
M
Kawamura
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Mariko
M
Nagasaka
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Masanari
M
Kuranaga
Division of Bacteriology, Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8715, Japan.
Eiji
E
Yokoyama
Division of Bacteriology, Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8715, Japan.
Shinichiro
S
Hirai
Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadainishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
Atsushi
A
Iguchi
Department of Microbiology, Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-1 Shimomachiya, Chigasaki-shi, Kanagawa 253-0087, Japan.
Tomoe
T
Ishihara
Department of Planning and Information, Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-1 Shimomachiya, Chigasaki-shi, Kanagawa 253-0087, Japan.
Toshiro
T
Kuroki
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Tomoko
T
Morita-Ishihara
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Sunao
S
Iyoda
Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
Jun
J
Terajima
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Makoto
M
Ohnishi
Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
Soichi
S
Maruyama
D000818:Animals; D003670:Deer / Q000382:microbiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012703:Serotyping; D054323:Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*
D005819:Genetic Markers
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC); deer; wild animal