Profile of Polyphenol Compounds of Five Muscadine Grapes Cultivated in the United States and in Newly Adapted Locations in China.
Polyphenol compositions and concentrations in skins and seeds of five muscadine grapes (cv. "Noble", "Alachua", "Carlos", "Fry", and "Granny Val") cultivated in the United States (Tallahassee-Florida, TA-FL) and South China (Nanning-Guangxi, NN-GX and Pu'er-Yunnan, PE-YN) were investigated, using ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC Triple TOF MS/MS). Fourteen ellagitannins were newly identified in these muscadine grapes. The grapes grown in NN-GX accumulated higher levels of ellagic acid, methyl brevifolin carboxylate, and ellagic acid glucoside in skins, and penta-O-galloyl-glucose in seeds. In PE-YN, more flavonols were detected in skins, and higher contents of flavan-3-ols, ellagic acid, and methyl gallate were identified in seeds. Abundant seed gallic acid and flavonols were found among the grapes grown in TA-FL. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) of 54 evaluation parameters, various cultivars grown in different locations could be grouped together and vice versa for the same cultivar cultivated in different regions. This is the result of the interaction between genotype and environmental conditions, which apparently influences the polyphenol synthesis and accumulation.
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. weizheng76096@sina.com.
Zheng
Z
Wei
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. baiding86@126.com.
Jianming
J
Luo
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. hy0611@163.com.
Yu
Y
Huang
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. gwenfeng@163.com.
Wenfeng
W
Guo
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. zhangyali@cau.edu.cn.
Yali
Y
Zhang
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. guanhuan2010@163.com.
Huan
H
Guan
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. cxu13@unl.edu.
Changmou
C
Xu
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. jiang.lu@sjtu.edu.cn.
Jiang
J
Lu
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D044948:Flavonols / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014644:Genetic Variation; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D044948:Flavonols; D059808:Polyphenols; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D005707:Gallic Acid
UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS; ellagic acids; geographical location; muscadine grapes; polyphenols