Cognitive Performance and the Alteration of Neuroendocrine Hormones in Chronic Tension-Type Headache.
Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most prevalent primary headache. Chronic TTH (CTTH), the most serious form of TTH, is refractory, with a high socio-economic burden. Research studies have shown patients with migraine often had cognitive impairment, but few studies have focused on the cognition in patients with CTTH. In this study, we assumed that patients with CTTH also have cognitive impairments, which are modulated by the neuroendocrine state. Participants were recruited, including patients with CTTH and healthy controls. Cognitive ability was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Nine Box Maze Test. The administration of neuroendocrine hormones has been established to be associated with cognitive performance, and we detected the hormonal changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone. These results showed that compared to the controls, significant cognitive impairment and neuroendocrine dysfunction were present in the patients with CTTH. We also assessed the correlations between the neuroendocrine hormones and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, 17-term Hamilton's Depression Scale score, pain intensity, and duration of pain to determine whether the neuroendocrine hormones had any associations with these symptoms of CTTH. These results showed that changes in neuroendocrine hormones were involved in these symptoms of CTTH. Intervention with the neuroendocrine state may be a strategy for CTTH treatment.
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.|Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Ping
P
Qu
Official Hospital of the People's Government, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
Jin-Xia
JX
Yu
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Lan
L
Xia
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.|Departments of Neurology and General Practice, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.|Psychologic Medical Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Gui-Hai
GH
Chen
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003071:Cognition; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012890:Sleep; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000378:metabolism; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
D014284:Triiodothyronine; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D013972:Thyrotropin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D013974:Thyroxine; D006854:Hydrocortisone
Nine Box Maze Test; chronic tension-type headache; cognition; neuroendocrine