Sex Differences in Pediatric Dental Pain Perception.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate sex-related differences in dental pain perception in children.


METHODS
Fifty-two children who received a dental procedure with local anesthesia were selected to participate. Pain perception levels were assessed with the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. Twenty-four and 48 hours following the procedure, the parents were contacted by phone for a verbal survey to assess their child's postoperative pain. Age, type of dental procedure, and behavior were also evaluated as covariables. The data were analyzed using Epi Info 7.0 software and GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. Chi-square or t test were performed with a significance level of five percent.


RESULTS
The mean age of the children was 6.7 (±2.4 [SD]) years. Twenty-seven (51.9 percent) were boys. None of the parents reported pain at 48 hours. None of the covariables were differentially distributed among the sexes (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference between sex and pain perception immediately after the procedure (P=0.64) and after 24 hours (P=0.41). However, when the analysis was performed according to age group, a borderline association was found. Female preschoolers reported more pain immediately after the procedure than male preschoolers (P=0.06).


CONCLUSIONS
There was no statistical difference in pain perception between sexes.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Gabriela F
GF
Almeida
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Daniele L
DL
Longo
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mariana
M
Trevizan
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fabrício K
FK
de Carvalho
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Paulo
P
Nelson-Filho
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. erikacalvano@gmail.com.
Erika C
EC
Küchler
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Alexandra M
AM
Queiroz
D000367:Age Factors; D001519:Behavior; D001938:Brazil; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D058748:Pain Perception; D010377:Pediatric Dentistry; D012737:Sex Factors; D012984:Software; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014098:Toothache / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*