A effective DNA vaccine against diverse genotype J infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus strains prevalent in China.
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is the most important pathogen threatening the aquaculture of salmonid fish in China. In this study, a DNA vaccine, designated pIHNch-G, was constructed with the glycoprotein (G) gene of a Chinese IHNV isolate SD-12 (also called Sn1203) of genotype J. The minimal dose of vaccine required, the expression of the Mx-1 gene in the muscle (vaccine delivery site) and anterior kidney, and the titers of the neutralizing antibodies produced were used to evaluate the vaccine efficacy. To assess the potential utility of the vaccine in controlling IHNV throughout China, the cross protective efficacy of the vaccine was determined by challenging fish with a broad range of IHNV strains from different geographic locations in China. A single 100ng dose of the vaccine conferred almost full protection to rainbow trout fry (3g) against waterborne or intraperitoneal injection challenge with IHNV strain SD-12 as early as 4days post-vaccination (d.p.v.), and significant protection was still observed at 180d.p.v. Intragenogroup challenges showed that the DNA vaccine provided similar protection to the fish against all the Chinese IHNV isolates tested, suggesting that the vaccine can be widely used in China. Mx-1 gene expression was significantly upregulated in the muscle tissue (vaccine delivery site) and anterior kidney in the vaccinated rainbow trout at both 4 and 7d.p.v. Similar levels of neutralizing antibodies were determined with each of the Chinese IHNV strains at 60 and 180d.p.v. This DNA vaccine should play an important role in the control of IHN in China.
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: 279463437@qq.com.
Liming
L
Xu
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: 422842454@qq.com.
Jingzhuang
J
Zhao
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: 446048847@qq.com.
Miao
M
Liu
Western Fisheries Research Center, USGS, Seattle, WA 98115, USA. Electronic address: gkurath@usgs.gov.
Gael
G
Kurath
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: 171066690@qq.com.
Guangming
G
Ren
Clear Springs Foods Inc., Research Division, Buhl, ID, USA. Electronic address: scott.lapatra@clearsprings.com.
Scott E
SE
Lapatra
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: xwsc20@tom.com.
Jiasheng
J
Yin
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: 112893129@qq.com.
Hongbai
H
Liu
Benxi Agrimarine Company Limited, Benxi 117000, PR China. Electronic address: jfeng666@126.com.
Jian
J
Feng
Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China. Electronic address: lutongyan@hotmail.com.
Tongyan
T
Lu
D000825:Animal Structures / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002681:China; D056738:Cross Protection; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005838:Genotype; D029142:Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D012487:Salmonidae; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines
Cross-protection; DNA vaccine; Genogroup J; Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus; Intragenogroup challenge; Rhabdovirus