Role of biomarkers in predicting diabetes complications with special reference to diabetic foot ulcers.
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the major complications of diabetes and about 1% of people with diabetes have to go for lower limb amputation. With better understanding of the pathological basis of DFU, number of biomarkers like atrial natriuretic peptides, galectin-3, and cardiac troponins for diabetic cardiomyopathy, cystatin C for diabetics nephropathy and C-reactive protein for infection and procalcitonin could aid in early and noninvasive diagnosis especially when clinical signs are misleading. Predictive role of novel biomarkers in primary prevention however, requires additional studies considering sex, age and multiple complications in DFU. The current review provides an insight about the novel and emerging biomarkers of diabetes and its complications with special reference to DFUs.
V Clinbio labs (P) Ltd, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India.|AU-KBC, Anna University - MIT campus, Chromepet, Chennai - 44, India.
Sivakamasundari
S
Pichu
Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad - 382481, India.
Bhoomika M
BM
Patel
V Clinbio labs (P) Ltd, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India.
Subbu
S
Apparsundaram
V Clinbio labs (P) Ltd, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India.
Ramesh K
RK
Goyal
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000032:analysis; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000032:analysis; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D055316:Cystatin C; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002116:Calcitonin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
biomarkers; diabetes; diabetic complications; foot ulcers; genomics; infections; miRNA; neuropathy; proteomics; wound healing