Descriptive review of acute cholecystitis: Japan-Taiwan collaborative epidemiological study.
BACKGROUND
Since the publication of the Tokyo Guidelines (TG13) for the management of acute cholecystitis (AC), multidirectional studies have been published. However, epidemiological research about AC with big data was not projected. The aim of this study was to reveal the actual clinical conditions of AC.


METHODS
The study was designed as an international multicenter retrospective study of AC in Japan and Taiwan from 2011 to 2013. The factors investigated comprised data related to demographic, history, physical examinations, laboratory and imaging findings. Based on these data, we investigated the various values of AC, and real situation with respect to severity and treatment.


RESULTS
A total of 5,459 patients with AC were reviewed. Thirty-day mortality rate was 1.1%. Based on the diagnostic criteria, 4,088 patients had a definite diagnosis and 291 had a suspected diagnosis. According to the severity grading, 939 patients were classified as Grade III, 2,308 as Grade II, and 2,130 as Grade I. Cholecystectomy was performed in total of 4,266 patients and 2,765 patients had laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The main etiologies were gallbladder stones in 4,623 cases.


CONCLUSIONS
This epidemiological study with large population will undoubtedly contribute to establish the best practice for managing AC worldwide.
Department of General Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Aichi, Japan.
Masamichi
M
Yokoe
Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Tadahiro
T
Takada
Division of General Surgery, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tauyuan, Taiwan.
Tsann-Long
TL
Hwang
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Itaru
I
Endo
Department of Medical Informatics, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Kohei
K
Akazawa
Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Fumihiko
F
Miura
Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan.
Toshihiko
T
Mayumi
Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Rintaro
R
Mori
Division of General Surgery, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tauyuan, Taiwan.
Miin-Fu
MF
Chen
Division of General Surgery, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tauyuan, Taiwan.
Yi-Yin
YY
Jan
Department of Surgery, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chen-Guo
CG
Ker
Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Hsiu-Po
HP
Wang
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Takao
T
Itoi
Center for Global Health, Mito Kyodo General Hospital, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Harumi
H
Gomi
Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
Seiki
S
Kiriyama
Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Keita
K
Wada
Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Hiroki
H
Yamaue
Emeritus Professor, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Masaru
M
Miyazaki
Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Masakazu
M
Yamamoto
D000368:Aged; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D041881:Cholecystitis, Acute / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D000072700:Conservative Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D038622:Internationality; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods
Acute; Cholecystitis; Epidemiology; Guidelines; Multicenter study; Severity of Illness Index