Variable Potassium Concentrations: Which Is Right and Which Is Wrong?
Reverse pseudohyperkalemia is a term used to describe in vitro, falsely elevated potassium concentrations in plasma specimens that occur in association with extreme leukocytosis and are commonly associated with hematologic malignant neoplasms. Tumor lysis syndrome is an in vivo lysis of tumor cells that leads to elevated levels of potassium, uric acid, phosphate, and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as decreased calcium concentrations. Herein, we report a case of a 66-year-old Caucasian man with stage IV mantle-cell lymphoma who has elevated levels of potassium, uric acid, and phosphorus, as well as a white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 100,000 cells per mm3. The patient initially was diagnosed as having tumor lysis syndrome. His subsequent potassium concentrations in whole blood remained elevated even after hemodialysis; however, his serum potassium concentrations were decreased. The patient then was diagnosed accurately as having reverse pseudohyperkalemia, and accurate potassium measurements were obtained via serum specimens.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL.
Talent
T
Theparee
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL.
Robert C
RC
Benirschke
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL.
Hong-Kee
HK
Lee
D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D006947:Hyperkalemia; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome
D011188:Potassium
plasma; potassium; reverse pseudohyperkalemia; serum; tumor lysis syndrome; whole blood