Field evaluation of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus transmission by Bemisia tabaci.
Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) is a whitefly-transmitted Crinivirus (Closteroviridae) that impacts melon production in many parts of the world including the USA. It has been responsible for melon crop loss in the southwestern U.S. since 2006 when it was first identified. Control strategies have revolved mainly around chemical control, but research to identify suitable products and approaches to implementing them have lagged. The current study investigated the performance of four systemic insecticides in the field while concurrently tracking CYSDV disease progression after controlled and natural whitefly inoculation of young melon plants. Assessments of virus incidence were made using two different visual observation methods in concert with ELISA analyses of leaf disks samples collected biweekly. Infection rates were consistently lowest in plots treated with the butenolide insecticide flupyradifurone while dinotefuran was second in efficacy measures. Flupyradifurone also held whitefly densities to their lowest numbers relative to the other treatments. Two other insecticides, imidacloprid and cyantraniliprole, exacerbated virus incidence in multiple trials. Further investigation into the anomalous finding of increased virus incidence due to insecticide application is ongoing.
USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA. Electronic address: steven.castle@ars.usda.gov.
S J
SJ
Castle
University of Arizona, Yuma Agricultural Research Center, Yuma, AZ, USA.
J P
JP
Palumbo
USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA.
P
P
Merten
D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D029383:Crinivirus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000821:virology; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology
D006146:Guanidines; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; C465368:dinotefuran; C082359:imidacloprid; C000606086:flupyradifurone; C004511:butenolide; C558219:cyantraniliprole; D015107:4-Butyrolactone
Bemisia tabaci; Chemical control; Insecticides; Plant virus epidemiology; Whitefly transmission