The clinical features and prognosis of mumps-associated hearing loss: a retrospective, multi-institutional investigation in Japan.
CONCLUSIONS
The majority of hearing loss due to mumps presents as unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss, which is refractory to treatment. In rare cases of bilateral total deafness, cochlear implants were beneficial for speech perception. Vaccination against mumps is recommended to prevent mumps-associated hearing loss.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of hearing loss due to mumps and to evaluate hearing outcomes.


METHODS
The clinical parameters were analyzed under a retrospective multi-institutional study design in patients diagnosed with hearing loss due to mumps at the Otolaryngology departments of 19 hospitals between 1987 and 2016.


RESULTS
Sixty-seven patients with hearing loss due to mumps were enrolled. The study population consisted of 35 males and 32 females, ranging in age from 1 to 54, with a median age of 9.5 years. Sixty-three patients presented with unilateral, and 4 with bilateral hearing loss. Profound hearing loss was observed in 65 ears. Only one ear with severe hearing loss showed complete recovery. Four patients with bilateral hearing loss received cochlear implant surgery. Most of the patients with hearing loss due to mumps had no history of vaccination.
a Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
Shinya
S
Morita
a Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
Keishi
K
Fujiwara
a Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
Atsushi
A
Fukuda
a Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
Satoshi
S
Fukuda
b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Shinshu University School of Medicine , Matsumoto, Nagano , Japan.
Shin-Ya
SY
Nishio
b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Shinshu University School of Medicine , Matsumoto, Nagano , Japan.
Ryosuke
R
Kitoh
c Department of Otolaryngology , Ehime University School of Medicine, Shigenobu-cho, Toon City , Ehime , Japan.
Naohito
N
Hato
d Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Saitama School of Medicine , Iruma-gun, Saitama , Japan.
Tetsuo
T
Ikezono
e Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital , National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities , Tokorozawa City , Saitama Prefecture , Japan.
Kotaro
K
Ishikawa
f Division of Hearing and Balance Research , National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center , Meguro-ku , Tokyo , Japan.
Kimitaka
K
Kaga
g Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-cho , Hirosaki-shi , Japan.
Atsushi
A
Matsubara
f Division of Hearing and Balance Research , National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center , Meguro-ku , Tokyo , Japan.
Tatsuo
T
Matsunaga
h Department of Otolaryngology , Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine , Maebashi-City , Japan.
Takaaki
T
Murata
i Department of Otolaryngology , Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital , Chuo-ku, Kobe-City , Hyogo , Japan.
Yasushi
Y
Naito
j Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacy , Okayama , Japan.
Kazunori
K
Nishizaki
k Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
Kaoru
K
Ogawa
l Department of Otolaryngology , Kitasato University School of Medicine , Sagamihara , Kanagawa , Japan.
Hajime
H
Sano
m Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Iwate , Japan.
Hiroaki
H
Sato
n Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine , Showa-ku, Nagoya , Japan.
Michihiko
M
Sone
o Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine , University of Ryukyu , Nishihara-cho , Nakagami-gun, Okinawa , Japan.
Mikio
M
Suzuki
p Department of Otolaryngology , Nagasaki University Faculty of Medicine , Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki , Japan.
Haruo
H
Takahashi
q Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Miyazaki , Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki , Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Tono
r Department of Otolaryngology , Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine , Ube City , Yamaguchi , Japan.
Hiroshi
H
Yamashita
s Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan.
Tatsuya
T
Yamasoba
b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Shinshu University School of Medicine , Matsumoto, Nagano , Japan.
Shin-Ichi
SI
Usami
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009107:Mumps / Q000150:complications*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
D005938:Glucocorticoids
Mumps; cochlear implant; deafness; hearing loss; outcome