Longitudinal relationships of sleep and inhibitory control deficits to early adolescent cigarette and alcohol use.
Research in older adolescents suggests insufficient sleep may increase substance use initiation risk. This study tested whether sleep duration and dysregulation of sleep-wake patterns in late-elementary school youth were prospectively associated with cigarette and alcohol use initiation and how sleep-related changes in inhibitory control mediate these relationships. Average sleep duration at 4th grade predicted 6th grade cigarette but not alcohol use, however indirect effects were identified through 5th grade inhibitory control to both cigarette and alcohol use. Indirect effects were also identified through inhibitory control for relationships between 4th grade weekend bed-time delay and 6th grade cigarette or alcohol use, and for relationships between 4th grade weekend wake-time delay and 6th grade cigarette or alcohol use. Reductions in nightly sleep increased risk of cigarette use. Findings suggest a pathway linking both reduced sleep duration and greater weekend shifting of sleep patterns to future substance use through sleep-related inhibitory control deficits.
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, USA. Electronic address: cmwarren@usc.edu.
Christopher M
CM
Warren
Colorado State University, College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Human Development & Family Studies, USA. Electronic address: Nathaniel.riggs@colostate.edu.
Nathaniel R
NR
Riggs
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, USA. Electronic address: pentz@usc.edu.
Mary Ann
MA
Pentz
D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
Alcohol use; Executive function; Inhibitory control; Sleep; Substance use; Tobacco use