Elongated and Shortened Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of the Proprotein Convertase Furin.
Novel elongated and shortened derivatives of the peptidomimetic furin inhibitor phenylacetyl-Arg-Val-Arg-4-amidinobenzylamide were synthesized. The most potent compounds, such as Nα(carbamidoyl)Arg-Arg-Val-Arg-4-amidinobenzylamide (Ki=6.2 pm), contain additional basic residues at the N terminus and inhibit furin in the low-picomolar range. Furthermore, to decrease the molecular weight of this inhibitor type, compounds that lack the P5 moiety were prepared. The best inhibitors of this series, 5-(guanidino)valeroyl-Val-Arg-4-amidinobenzylamide and its P3 tert-leucine analogue displayed Kivalues of 2.50 and 1.26 nm, respectively. Selected inhibitors, together with our previously described 4-amidinobenzylamide derivatives as references, were tested in cell culture for their activity against furin-dependent infectious pathogens. The propagation of the alphaviruses Semliki Forest virus and chikungunya virus was strongly inhibited in the presence of selected derivatives. Moreover, a significant protective effect of the inhibitors against diphtheria toxin was observed. These results confirm that the inhibition of furin should be a promising approach for the short-term treatment of acute infectious diseases.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany), Fax: (+49) 642-128-259-01.
Kornelia
K
Hardes
Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany), Fax: (+49) 642-128-259-01.
Teodora
T
Ivanova
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Bastian
B
Thaa
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Gerald M
GM
McInerney
Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310, Oslo, Norway.
Tove Irene
TI
Klokk
Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310, Oslo, Norway.
Kirsten
K
Sandvig
Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Hochschule Ansbach, Residenzstraße 8, 91522, Ansbach, Germany.
Sebastian
S
Künzel
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Iris
I
Lindberg
Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany), Fax: (+49) 642-128-259-01.
Torsten
0000-0001-6523-4754
T
Steinmetzer
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001549:Benzamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin / Q000378:metabolism; D045683:Furin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057786:Peptidomimetics / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012672:Semliki forest virus / Q000187:drug effects; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin; D009842:Oligopeptides; D057786:Peptidomimetics; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D045683:Furin
Semliki Forest virus; alphaviruses; chikungunya virus; diphtheria toxin; furin; inhibitors