Duration and frequency mismatch negativity shows no progressive reduction in early stages of psychosis.
The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of event-related potentials, which is being increasingly recognized as a candidate biomarker for early stages of psychosis. Although previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated small MMN amplitude in early stages of psychosis, it remains unknown whether small MMN amplitude is due to progressive reduction during the early course. In this study, we investigated longitudinal changes of MMN in early stages of psychosis. Participant included 14 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP), 16 individuals with ultra-high risk (UHR), and 16 healthy control subjects (HC). We measured MMN in response to duration deviants (dMMN) and that in response to frequency deviants (fMMN), respectively. The amplitudes of dMMN in FEP and UHR were significantly smaller in comparison to those in HC, which did not show a progressive decrease over time. The amplitude of fMMN did not differ among groups, which again did not show progression. There was no significant correlation between the length of the follow-up period and the longitudinal change of either deviant-type MMN in the FEP or UHR. These results suggest that dMMN is a trait marker in the early stages of psychosis, and that small dMMN amplitude in early stages of psychosis may reflect altered developmental process rather than progressive brain pathology. The amplitude of fMMN may not alter in early stages of psychosis. These findings may contribute to the future establishment of MMN as a biomarker in early stages of psychosis.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Daisuke
D
Koshiyama
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Kenji
K
Kirihara
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Mariko
M
Tada
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kawamuro Memorial Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
Tatsuya
T
Nagai
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, Japan; Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Shinsuke
S
Koike
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Motomu
M
Suga
Department of Youth Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Tsuyoshi
T
Araki
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kasaik-tky@umin.net.
Kiyoto
K
Kasai
D000208:Acute Disease; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012306:Risk; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
Biomarker; First-episode psychosis; Longitudinal study; MMN; Schizophrenia; Ultra-high risk