Plasma soluble L-selectin in medicated patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.
Immune dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Leukocyte migration to the site of inflammation is a fundamental step of immune response which involves P-, E-, and L-selectins. Elevated selectin levels have been reported in un-medicated first-episode patients with schizophrenia but not in medicated patients with multi-episode schizophrenia. We measured fasting plasma soluble P-, E-, and L-selectin in 39 medicated patients with multi-episode schizophrenia and 19 healthy controls. In patients, psychotic symptom severity and cognitive function were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Test Battery respectively. C-reactive protein (CRP) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured in patients and controls. Comparison of selectin levels between patients and controls was done with t-tests and linear regression. Pearson correlation coefficients between plasma selectins and PANSS and cognitive measures were calculated. Geometric mean plasma soluble L-selectin level was lower in patients compared to controls from unadjusted (606.7 ± 1.2 ng/ml vs. 937.7 ± 1.15 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and adjusted analyses (β = 0.59; CI 0.41 to 0.88, p = 0.011). There was a trend towards higher plasma soluble P-selectin in patients compared to controls (90.4 ± 1.2ng/ml vs. 71.8 ± 1.2ng/ml, p = 0.059) in the unadjusted analysis. There was no association between the selectins and psychotic symptoms or cognitive function in the patients. In addition, the selectins were not significantly associated with CRP or BMI. The limitations of this study include small sample size and unavailability of information on medications and blood cell counts. The potential utility of soluble L-selectin as a biomarker of antipsychotic exposure in patients with schizophrenia and the concomitant change in immune response with the use of antipsychotics should be further evaluated.
UT Harris County Psychiatric Center, 2800 S MacGregor Way, Houston, Texas, United States of America.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Satyajit
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5424-4906
S
Mohite
UT Harris County Psychiatric Center, 2800 S MacGregor Way, Houston, Texas, United States of America.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Fang
F
Yang
UT Harris County Psychiatric Center, 2800 S MacGregor Way, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Pooja A
PA
Amin
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Giovana
G
Zunta-Soares
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Gabriela D
GD
Colpo
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Laura
L
Stertz
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Ajaykumar N
AN
Sharma
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Gabriel R
GR
Fries
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Consuelo
C
Walss-Bass
UT Harris County Psychiatric Center, 2800 S MacGregor Way, Houston, Texas, United States of America.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Jair C
JC
Soares
UT Harris County Psychiatric Center, 2800 S MacGregor Way, Houston, Texas, United States of America.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Olaoluwa O
OO
Okusaga
D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D019041:L-Selectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein