The risk reduction of recurrent periodontal pathogens of local application minocycline HCl 2% gel, used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing for chronic periodontitis treatment.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of local application minocycline HCl 2% gel, used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP). CP is an inflammation of periodontal tissue that is caused mainly by bacterial infection, where periodontal destruction such as loss of attachment and bone destruction occurred.


METHODS
A total of 81 subjects with moderate to severe periodontitis whose baseline clinical attachment loss (CAL) was ≥4 mm were randomly assigned to receive SRP alone (control group, N=39) or SRP followed by four times of local application of minocycline HCl gel (Periocline) once a week (test group, N=42). Pocket depth, CAL, and papilla bleeding index were examined at baseline, 21 days, 2, 3, and 6 months. Subgingival plaque samples were collected with sterile curettes and were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction for the presence of three periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis[P.g.],Tannerella forsythia[T.f.], andTreponema denticola[T.d.]) at baseline, 2, 3, and 6 months.


RESULTS
The number of bacteria was reduced in both groups at 2 months after baseline (SRP treatment). The changes (2-6 months) in T.d. and T.f. counts in the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group. In the control group, a significant regrowth of P.g., T.f., and T.d. was observed from 2 to 6 months and of P.g. and T.f. from 3 to 6 months. On the other hand, in the test group, the number of the three bacteria did not significantly increase during the 6-month period.


CONCLUSIONS
The results showed that local application of minocycline, used as an adjunct to SRP, was effective for suppressing regrowth of periodontal pathogens, suggesting its risk reduction of recurrent periodontal pathogens in CP.
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Oral Sciences Research Center, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Y
Y
Soeroso
R&D, Oral Care Company, Sunstar Group, Takatsuki City, Japan.
T
T
Akase
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Oral Sciences Research Center, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
H
H
Sunarto
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Y
Y
Kemal
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
R
R
Salim
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
M
M
Octavia
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
A
A
Viandita
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
J
J
Setiawan
Oral Sciences Research Center, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
B M
BM
Bachtiar
chronic periodontitis; minocycline; periodontal pathogen; real-time PCR; scaling and root planing