Mitochondrial DNA damage and oxidative damage in HL-60 cells exposed to 900MHz radiofrequency fields.
HL-60 cells, derived from human promyelocytic leukemia, were exposed to continuous wave 900MHz radiofrequency fields (RF) at 120μW/cm2power intensity for 4h/day for 5 consecutive days to examine whether such exposure is capable damaging the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mediated through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the effect of RF exposure was examined on 8-hydroxy-2'-dexoyguanosine (8-OHdG) which is a biomarker for oxidative damage and on the mitochondrial synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which is the energy required for cellular functions. The results indicated a significant increase in ROS and significant decreases in mitochondrial transcription factor A, mtDNA polymerase gamma, mtDNA transcripts and mtDNA copy number in RF-exposed cells compared with those in sham-exposed control cells. In addition, there was a significant increase in 8-OHdG and a significant decrease in ATP in RF-exposed cells. The response in positive control cells exposed to gamma radiation (GR, which is also known to induce ROS) was similar to those in RF-exposed cells. Thus, the overall data indicated that RF exposure was capable of inducing mtDNA damage mediated through ROS pathway which also induced oxidative damage. Prior-treatment of RF- and GR-exposed the cells with melatonin, a well-known free radical scavenger, reversed the effects observed in RF-exposed cells.
School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Yulong
Y
Sun
School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Lin
L
Zong
School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Zhen
Z
Gao
Laboratory Animal Center, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Shunxing
S
Zhu
School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Jian
J
Tong
School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: yicao@suda.edu.cn.
Yi
Y
Cao
D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D004249:DNA Damage; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosisne; Mitochondrial DNA damage; Oxidative damage; Radiofrequency fields; Reactive oxygen species