Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided Decisions in Retinoblastoma Management.
Assess the role of handheld optical coherence tomography (OCT) in guiding management decisions during diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of eyes affected by retinoblastoma.



Retrospective, noncomparative, single-institution case series.



All children newly diagnosed with retinoblastoma from January 2011 to December 2015 who had an OCT session during their active treatment at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) in Toronto, Canada. The OCT sessions for fellow eyes of unilateral retinoblastoma without any suspicious lesion and those performed more than 6 months after the last treatment were excluded.



Data collected included age at presentation, sex, family history, RB1 mutation status, 8th edition TNMH cancer staging and International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification (IIRC), and number of OCT sessions per eye. Details of each session were scored for indication-related details (informative or not) and assessed for guidance (directive or not), diagnosis (staging changed, new tumors found or excluded), treatment (modified, stopped, or modality shifted), or follow-up modified.



Frequency of OCT-guided management decisions, stratified by indication and type of guidance (confirmatory vs. influential).



Sixty-three eyes of 44 children had 339 OCT sessions over the course of clinical management (median number of OCT scans per eye, 5; range, 1-15). The age at presentation and presence of a heritable RB1 mutation significantly correlated with an increased number of OCT sessions. Indications included evaluation of post-treatment scar (55%) or fovea (16%), and posterior pole scanning for new tumors (11%). Of all sessions, 92% (312/339) were informative; 19 of 27 noninformative sessions had large, elevated lesions; of these, 14 of 19 were T2a or T2b (IIRC group C or D) eyes. In 94% (293/312) of the informative sessions, OCT directed treatment decisions (58%), diagnosis (16%), and follow-up (26%). Optical coherence tomography influenced and changed management from pre-OCT clinical plans in 15% of all OCT sessions and 17% of directive sessions.



Optical coherence tomography improves the accuracy of clinical evaluation in retinoblastoma management.
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt. Electronic address: samehelsayedsoliman@yahoo.com.
Sameh E
SE
Soliman
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Cynthia
C
VandenHoven
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Leslie D
LD
MacKeen
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Elise
E
Héon
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Molecular Genetics and Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Visual Sciences, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Brenda L
BL
Gallie
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D003657:Decision Making; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D056286:Retinoblastoma Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D014792:Visual Acuity
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C000606393:RB1 protein, human; D056286:Retinoblastoma Binding Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases