Ozone-Sensitive Arabidopsis Mutants with Deficiencies in Photorespiratory Enzymes.
An ozone-sensitive mutant was isolated from T-DNA-tagged lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. The T-DNA was inserted at a locus on chromosome 3, where two genes encoding glycolate oxidases, GOX1 and GOX2, peroxisomal enzymes involved in photorespiration, reside contiguously. The amounts of the mutant's foliar transcripts for these genes were reduced, and glycolate oxidase activity was approximately 60% of that of the wild-type plants. No difference in growth and appearance was observed between the mutant and the wild-type plants under normal conditions with ambient air under a light intensity of 100 µmol photons m-2 s-1. However, signs of severe damage, such as chlorosis and ion leakage from the tissue, rapidly appeared in mutant leaves in response to ozone treatment at a concentration of 0.2 µl l-1 under a higher light intensity of 350 µmol photons m-2 s-1 that caused no such symptoms in the wild-type plant. The mutant also exhibited sensitivity to sulfur dioxide and long-term high-intensity light. Arabidopsis mutants with deficiencies in other photorespiratory enzymes such as glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase and hydroxypyruvate reductase also exhibited ozone sensitivities. Therefore, photorespiration appears to be involved in protection against photooxidative stress caused by ozone and other abiotic factors under high-intensity light.
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Shoko
S
Saji
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.|Department of Biotechnology, School of Herbal Studies and Naturo Sciences, Dravidian University, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Srinivas
S
Bathula
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Akihiro
A
Kubo
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Masanori
M
Tamaoki
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Mitsuko
M
Aono
Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Tomoharu
T
Sano
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Kazuo
K
Tobe
Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock,  Rostock, Germany.
Stefan
S
Timm
Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock,  Rostock, Germany.
Hermann
H
Bauwe
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Nobuyoshi
N
Nakajima
Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Hikaru
H
Saji
D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050537:Hydroxypyruvate Reductase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010126:Ozone / Q000633:toxicity*; D000637:Transaminases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D010126:Ozone; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D050537:Hydroxypyruvate Reductase; C020821:glycollate oxidase; D000637:Transaminases; C023067:glyoxylate aminotransferase
Arabidopsis; Glycolate oxidase; Mutant; Oxidative stress; Ozone; Photorespiration