Association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and fitness with health related quality of life in healthy children and adolescents: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Health related quality of life (HRQoL) is a subjective, multidimensional and changing over time construct. When HRQoL is decreased, a child is less likely to be able to develop normally and mature into a healthy adult. Physical inactivity is a priority public health problem. Evidence suggests how even moderate levels of physical activity or high fitness levels are associated with benefits for the health in children and adolescents. The aims of this systematic review are to examine the evidence about the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and fitness with HRQoL, and estimate the effects of interventions that have tested the effectiveness of the increase of the physical activity, the improvement of the physical fitness or the avoidance of sedentary behaviors in HRQoL in healthy subjects aged under 18 years old.


METHODS
This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. To identify relevant studies, the following electronic databases will be searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, Web of Science, and PEDro. Reference lists of relevant studies will be examined for links to potential related articles. The methodological quality of the observational included studies will be scored using a quality assessment checklist. For the intervention studies, the risk of bias will be estimated using The Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing risk of bias. Reviewers will determine whether a meta-analysis is possible when data have been extracted. If it is, subgroup analyses will be carried out by age and socioeconomic status, and by the different dimensions of the HRQoL. If is not possible, a descriptive analysis will be conducted.


CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this systematic review and meta-analysis will be the first that synthesizes the existing results about the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, physical fitness, and HRQoL, and the effect of physical activity interventions on HRQoL, in healthy subjects under 18 years old. This study will clarify this relationship and will provide evidence for decision-making. Limitations may include the quality of the selected studies and their characteristics. Only studies published in English and Spanish will be included.


BACKGROUND
PROSPERO CRD42015025823.
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile School of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo School of Education, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
Alberto
A
Bermejo-Cantarero
Celia
C
Álvarez-Bueno
Vicente
V
Martinez-Vizcaino
Antonio
A
García-Hermoso
Ana Isabel
AI
Torres-Costoso
Mairena
M
Sánchez-López
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D000078202:Systematic Reviews as Topic; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic