Web-based interventions for the management of stress in the workplace: Focus, form, and efficacy.
OBJECTIVE
This review sought to determine what is currently known about the focus, form, and efficacy of web-based interventions that aim to support the well-being of workers and enable them to manage their work-related stress.


METHODS
A scoping review of the literature as this relates to web-based interventions for the management of work-related stress and supporting the psychological well-being of workers was conducted.


RESULTS
Forty-eight web-based interventions were identified and reviewed, the majority of which (n = 37) were "individual" -focused and utilized cognitive-behavioral techniques, relaxation exercises, mindfulness, or cognitive behavior therapy. Most interventions identified were provided via a website (n = 34) and were atheoretical in nature.


CONCLUSIONS
There is some low-to-moderate quality evidence that "individual" -focused interventions are effective for supporting employee well-being and managing their work-related stress. There are few web-based interventions that target "organizational" or "individual/organization" interface factors, and there is limited support for their efficacy. A clear gap appears to exist between work-stress theory and its application in the design and development of web-based interventions for the management of work-related stress.
Department of Nursing and Health Care, School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology.
Cathal
C
Ryan
Department of Nursing and Health Care, School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology.
Michael
M
Bergin
Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London.
Trudie
T
Chalder
School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology.
John Sg
JS
Wells
D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*
CBT; Mindfulness; Web-based interventions; Work-Stress Theory; Workplace Stress