The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes among subjects with gestational diabetes (GDM).


METHODS
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was done among 60 subjects with GDM who were not on oral hypoglycemic agents. Patients were randomly allocated to intake either probiotic capsule containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum (2 × 109CFU/g each) (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for six weeks.


RESULTS
Compared with the placebo, probiotic supplementation resulted in significant decreases in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (-5.3 ± 6.7 vs. +0.03 ± 9.0 mg/dL, p = .01), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-2.2 ± 2.7 vs. +0.5 ± 2.4 μg/mL, p < .001), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (-0.1 ± 0.8 vs. +0.5 ± 1.5 μmol/L, p = .03) and MDA/TAC ratio (-0.0003 ± 0.0008 vs. +0.0009 ± 0.002, p = .004), and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (+65.4 ± 103.3 vs. -37.2 ± 143.7 mmol/L, p = .002). Probiotic supplementation did not affect pregnancy outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
Overall, probiotic supplementation among women with GDM for six weeks had beneficial effects on FPG, serum hs-CRP, plasma TAC, MDA and oxidative stress index, but did not affect pregnancy outcomes.
a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Karaj , Iran.
Bita
B
Badehnoosh
b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Maryam
M
Karamali
c Faculty of Nutrition , School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Mitra
M
Zarrati
d Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran.
Mehri
M
Jamilian
e Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences , Kashan , Iran.
Fereshteh
F
Bahmani
f Faculty member of Science department, Science faculty , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran.
Maryam
M
Tajabadi-Ebrahimi
g Department of Microbiology, Science faculty , Islamic Azad University , Arak , Iran.
Parvaneh
P
Jafari
h Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences , Bushehr , Iran.
Elham
E
Rahmani
e Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences , Kashan , Iran.
Zatollah
Z
Asemi
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010919:Placebos; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D010919:Placebos; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
Probiotic supplementation; gestational diabetes; pregnant women