Industrial Relevance of Chromosomal Copy Number Variation in Saccharomyces Yeasts.
Chromosomal copy number variation (CCNV) plays a key role in evolution and health of eukaryotes. The unicellular yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeis an important model for studying the generation, physiological impact, and evolutionary significance of CCNV. Fundamental studies of this yeast have contributed to an extensive set of methods for analyzing and introducing CCNV. Moreover, these studies provided insight into the balance between negative and positive impacts of CCNV in evolutionary contexts. A growing body of evidence indicates that CCNV not only frequently occurs in industrial strains ofSaccharomycesyeasts but also is a key contributor to the diversity of industrially relevant traits. This notion is further supported by the frequent involvement of CCNV in industrially relevant traits acquired during evolutionary engineering. This review describes recent developments in genome sequencing and genome editing techniques and discusses how these offer opportunities to unravel contributions of CCNV in industrialSaccharomyces strains as well as to rationally engineer yeast chromosomal copy numbers and karyotypes.
Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
Arthur R
AR
Gorter de Vries
Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
Jack T
JT
Pronk
Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands j.g.daran@tudelft.nl.
Jean-Marc G
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3136-8193
JG
Daran
D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D005285:Fermentation; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
aneuploidy; evolutionary adaptation; fermentation; genome engineering; industrial yeast; industrial yeast fermentation; strain improvement