The normal ranges of cardiovascular parameters measured using the ultrasonic cardiac output monitor.
The ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) is a noninvasive transcutaneous continuous wave Doppler method for assessing hemodynamics. There are no published reference ranges for normal values in adults (aged 18-60 years) for this device. This study aimed to (1) measure cardiovascular indices using USCOM in healthy adults aged 18-60 years; (2) combine these data with those for healthy children (aged 0-12), adolescents (aged 12-18), and the elderly (aged over 60) from our previously published studies in order to present normal ranges for all ages, and (3) establish normal ranges of USCOM-derived variables according to both weight and age. This was a population-based cross-sectional observational study of healthy Chinese subjects aged 0.5-89 years in Hong Kong. USCOM scans were performed on all subjects, to produce measurements including stroke volume, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance. Data from previously published studies (children, adolescents, and the elderly) were included. Normal ranges were defined as lying between the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. A total of 2218 subjects were studied (mean age = 16.4, range = 0.5-89; 52% male). From previous studies, 1197 children (aged 0-12, 55% male), 590 adolescents (aged 12-18, 49% male), and 77 elderly (aged 60-89, 55% male) were included. New data were collected from 354 adults aged 18-60 (47% male). Normal ranges are presented according to age and weight. We present comprehensive normal ranges for hemodynamic parameters obtained with USCOM in healthy subjects of all ages from infancy to the elderly.
Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda giles@cattermole.org.uk.
Giles N
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8910-2307
GN
Cattermole
Department of Medicine, Austin/Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia.
P Y Mia
PY
Leung
Department of Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia.
Grace Y L
GY
Ho
Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR.
Peach W S
PW
Lau
Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Cangel P Y
CP
Chan
Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Stewart S W
SS
Chan
School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Intensive Care Unit, Bathurst Base Hospital, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia.
Brendan E
BE
Smith
Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Colin A
CA
Graham
Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.|University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Heath, Cardiff, U.K.
Timothy H
TH
Rainer
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
Diagnostic techniques and procedures; Doppler; hemodynamics; normal ranges; ultrasonography