Triterpenoid Acids as Important Antiproliferative Constituents of European Elderberry Fruits.
In Europe, both the fruits and flowers of Sambucus nigra L. have been used against cold, as well as laxative, diaphoretic, and diuretic remedies. There are also a number of commercially available food products that contain elderberry juice, puréed or dried elderberries. Recent comprehensive literature data on pharmacology and chemistry of Sambuci fructus have encouraged us to screen extracts with different polarities from this plant material against cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of the ethyl acetate and aqueous acetone extracts from elderberries as well as detected triterpenoids on human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (LoVo) and human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was investigated by sulforhodamine B assay. Moreover, cell migration assay was conducted for triterpenoid fraction and pure compounds. Aqueous acetone extract possessed much lower IC50value in cancer cell lines compared to ethyl acetate extract. The latter manifested high cytotoxicity against studied cell lines, suggesting that nonpolar compounds are responsible for the cytotoxic activity. Indeed, the phytochemical analysis revealed that ursolic and oleanolic acids are the main triterpenoids in the mentioned extract of which ursolic acid showed the highest activity with IC50values of 10.7 µg/mL on MCF-7 and 7.7 µg/mL on LoVo cells.
a Department of Pharmacognosy , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Michał
M
Gleńsk
b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Elżbieta
E
Czapińska
c Department of Pathomorphology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Marta
M
Woźniak
b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Ireneusz
I
Ceremuga
a Department of Pharmacognosy , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Maciej
M
Włodarczyk
b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Grzegorz
G
Terlecki
c Department of Pathomorphology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Piotr
P
Ziółkowski
b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland.
Ewa
E
Seweryn
D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D061986:MCF-7 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027923:Sambucus / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
D000085:Acetates; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid; C007650:ethyl acetate