Functional and health promoting inherent attributes ofEnterococcus hiraeF2 as a novel probiotic isolated from the digestive tract of the freshwater fishCatla catla.
BACKGROUND
Probiotic microorganisms are gaining global importance because of their use in the preparation of a nutraceutical or in the treatment of infections. As per the health industry demand, there is an urgent need for exploring new indigenous probiotic strains with its specific origin due to variation in gut microflora, different food habits and specific host-microbial interactions. The main objective of the present study was to isolate and identify a novel probioticEnterococcusstrain from the gut ofCatla catlafish and evaluate its potentiality as a potent probiotic.


METHODS
The whole study was designed with the isolation of novel lactic acid bacterial strain from the gut ofCatla catlafish with their biochemical and molecular identifications. The potentiality of the isolated strain as a potent probiotic was carried out according to the parameters described in FAD/WHO guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food.


RESULTS
The isolated strain was confirmed asEnterococcus hiraeF2 on the basis of various biochemical and 16s rRNA gene sequencing methods.Enterococcus hiraeF2 was able to survive under highly acidic and bile salt concentration with the ability for the production of lipase and Bsh enzyme. It was also able to survive under simulated gastrointestinal conditions with the inhibition ability of various pathogens. The antioxidant potentiality with the cell surface hydrophobicity and cell aggregation ability confirms its potentiality as a potent probiotic. All the results detail the potency ofEnterococcus hiraeF2 as a novel probiotic for a safer use.


CONCLUSIONS
The isolation ofEnterococcus hiraewith probiotic potential from the gut of fish is a new approach and done for the first time. However, the whole study concluded that the isolated strain might be used as a novel probiotic in the food industry for the production of new probiotic products which imparts health benefits to the host.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail , Hail , Saudi Arabia.
Mohd
M
Adnan
Bapalal Vaidhya Botanical Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University , Surat , Gujarat , India.
Mitesh
M
Patel
School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire , Preston , Lancashire , United Kingdom.
Sibte
S
Hadi
Acid tolerance; Catla catla; Enterococcus hirae; Gastrointestinal conditions; Probiotic