Cardiorespiratory fitness alters the influence of a polygenic risk score on biomarkers of AD.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) derived fromAPOE4, CLU,andABCA7is associated with CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology and whether higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) modifies the association between the PRS and CSF biomarkers.


METHODS
Ninety-five individuals from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention were included in these cross-sectional analyses. They were genotyped forAPOE4,CLU, andABCA7, from which a PRS was calculated for each participant. The participants underwent lumbar puncture for CSF collection. β-Amyloid 42 (Aβ42), Aβ40, total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) were quantified by immunoassays, and Aβ42/Aβ40and tau/Aβ42ratios were computed. CRF was estimated from a validated equation incorporating sex, age, body mass index, resting heart rate, and self-reported physical activity. Covariate-adjusted regression analyses were used to test for associations between the PRS and CSF biomarkers. In addition, by including a PRS×CRF term in the models, we examined whether these associations were modified by CRF.


RESULTS
A higher PRS was associated with lower Aβ42/Aβ40(p< 0.001), higher t-tau/Aβ42(p= 0.012), and higher p-tau/Aβ42(p= 0.040). Furthermore, we observed PRS × CRF interactions for Aβ42/Aβ40(p= 0.003), t-tau/Aβ42(p= 0.003), and p-tau/Aβ42(p= 0.001). Specifically, the association between the PRS and these CSF biomarkers was diminished in those with higher CRF.


CONCLUSIONS
In a late-middle-aged cohort, CRF attenuates the adverse influence of genetic vulnerability on CSF biomarkers. These findings support the notion that increased cardiorespiratory fitness may be beneficial to those at increased genetic risk for AD.
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Stephanie A
SA
Schultz
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Elizabeth A
EA
Boots
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Burcu F
BF
Darst
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Henrik
H
Zetterberg
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Kaj
K
Blennow
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Dorothy F
DF
Edwards
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Rebecca L
RL
Koscik
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Cynthia M
CM
Carlsson
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Catherine L
CL
Gallagher
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Barbara B
BB
Bendlin
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Sanjay
S
Asthana
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Mark A
MA
Sager
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Kirk J
KJ
Hogan
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Bruce P
BP
Hermann
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Dane B
DB
Cook
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Sterling C
SC
Johnson
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison.
Corinne D
CD
Engelman
From the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., S.C.J., O.C.O.) and Research Service (D.B.C.), William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (S.A.S., E.A.B., D.F.E., R.L.K., C.M.C., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison; Departments of Population Health Sciences (B.F.D., C.D.E.), Kinesiology (D.F.E., D.B.C.), Neurology (C.L.G.), and Anesthesiology (K.J.H.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (D.F.E., C.M.C., C.L.G., B.B.B., S.A., M.A.S., K.J.H., B.P.H., S.C.J., C.D.E., O.C.O.), Madison. ozioma@medicine.wisc.edu.
Ozioma C
OC
Okonkwo
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D051152:Clusterin / Q000235:genetics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020412:Multifactorial Inheritance; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012042:Registries; D012306:Risk; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D014922:Wisconsin; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
C411895:ABCA7 protein, human; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D015415:Biomarkers; C495242:CLU protein, human; D051152:Clusterin; C054369:MAPT protein, human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C078592:amyloid beta-protein (1-40); C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins