Virological Surveillance of Influenza A Subtypes Isolated in 2014 from Clinical Outbreaks in Canadian Swine.
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are respiratory pathogens associated with an acute respiratory disease that occurs year-round in swine production. It is currently one of the most important pathogens in swine populations, with the potential to infect other host species including humans. Ongoing research indicates that the three major subtypes of IAV-H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2-continue to expand in their genetic and antigenic diversity. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of 16 IAVs isolated from different clinical outbreaks in Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan in 2014. We also examined the genetic basis for probable antigenic differences among sequenced viruses. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, all 13 Canadian H3N2 viruses belonged to cluster IV, eight H3N2 viruses were part of the IV-C cluster, and one virus belonged to the IV-B and one to the IV-D cluster. Based on standards used in this study, three H3N2 viruses could not be clearly classified into any currently established group within cluster IV (A to F). Three H1N2 viruses were part of the H1α cluster.
Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.|Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Helena
H
Grgić
Gallant Custom Laboratories, 1425 Bishop St. N Units 10-13, Cambridge, ON N1R 6J9, Canada. jackie@gallantcustomlaboratories.com.
Jackie
J
Gallant
Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. zpoljak@uoguelph.ca.|Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. zpoljak@uoguelph.ca.
Zvonimir
Z
Poljak
D000818:Animals; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D014644:Genetic Variation; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*
H1N2; H3N2; genome; influenza A virus; swine; triple-reassortant