Nanostructured TiO₂ Surfaces Promote Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation to Osteoblasts.
Micro- and nano-patterning/modification are emerging strategies to improve surfaces properties that may influence critically cells adherence and differentiation. Aim of this work was to study the in vitro biological reactivity of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to a nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO₂) surface in comparison to a coverglass (Glass) in two different culture conditions: with (osteogenic medium (OM)) and without (proliferative medium (PM)) osteogenic factors. To evaluate cell adhesion, hBMSCs phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK) foci were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) at 24 h: the TiO₂ surface showed a higher number of pFAK foci with respect to Glass. The hBMSCs differentiation to osteoblasts was evaluated in both PM and OM culture conditions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), CLSM and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) at 28 days. In comparison with Glass, TiO₂ surface in combination with OM conditions increased the content of extracellular bone proteins, calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed, both in PM and OM, that TiO₂ surface increased at seven and 28 days the expression of osteogenic genes. All together, these results demonstrate the capability of TiO₂ nanostructured surface to promote hBMSCs osteoblast differentiation and its potentiality in biomedical applications.
Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, Pavia 27100, Italy. marco.vercellino01@universitadipavia.it.
Marco
M
Vercellino
Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, Center of Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Viale Forlanini 8, Pavia 27100, Italy. gabriele.ceccarelli@unipv.it.
Gabriele
G
Ceccarelli
Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, Pavia 27100, Italy. francesco.cristofaro01@universitadipavia.it.
Francesco
F
Cristofaro
Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, Center of Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Viale Forlanini 8, Pavia 27100, Italy. martina.balli01@universitadipavia.it.
Martina
M
Balli
Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, Pavia 27100, Italy. federico.bertoglio01@universitadipavia.it.
Federico
F
Bertoglio
Department of Chemistry-Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, Pavia 27100, Italy. giovanna.bruni@unipv.it.
Gianna
G
Bruni
Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, Center of Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Viale Forlanini 8, Pavia 27100, Italy. laura.benedetti@unipv.it.
Laura
L
Benedetti
Laboratory of Transplant Immunology/Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico "San Matteo", P.le Golgi 19, Pavia 27100, Italy. ma.avanzini@smatteo.pv.it.
Maria Antonietta
MA
Avanzini
Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, Center of Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Viale Forlanini 8, Pavia 27100, Italy. marcello.imbriani@unipv.it.|Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, S. Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Via S.Boezio 28, Pavia 27100, Italy. marcello.imbriani@unipv.it.
Marcello
M
Imbriani
Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, Pavia 27100, Italy. livia.visai@unipv.it.|Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, S. Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Via S.Boezio 28, Pavia 27100, Italy. livia.visai@unipv.it.
Livia
L
Visai
biomedical applications; bone tissue engineering and regeneration; human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; nano-patterning modification; titanium dioxide surface