Evaluation of 30 cases of mucormycosis at a university hospital in Iran.
Mucormycosis is a deadly invasive fungal infection and mainly affects immunocompromised patients. To investigate the clinical features of patients who developed mucormycosis and to determine the parameters, which influenced the outcome following mycotic infection. The current investigation retrospectively evaluated the demographic characteristics, clinical features, therapeutic data, as well as the outcomes of treatment in all cases of proven and probable mucormycosis diagnosed from 2002 until 2016 in our hospital. A total of thirty cases were recorded. Rhizopus spp. was the predominant pathogen among the identified Mucorales (26.7%). Diabetes mellitus (46.7%) and haematological malignancy (40%), were the most common underlying diseases. With regard to predisposing factors, neutropenia (43.3%) and chemotherapy (40%) were the leading concomitant parameters. The most frequent sites of infection were lung (30%) and sinus (26.7%), whereas disseminated infection was also found in nine of 30 patients (30%). Neutropenia remained the only independent factor associated with mortality (Relative Risk=3.557, 95% CI=1.365-9.271, P=.009). Diagnostic delay -either due to delayed presentation of patients to our centre or insufficient awareness about invasive fungal infection among our clinicians- is a likely explanation for such a high mortality rate in our series.
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Reza
R
Samarei
Department of Infectious Diseases, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Naser
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7372-2256
N
Gharebaghi
Department of Cardiology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Salar
S
Zayer
D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009090:Mucorales / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
epidemiology; mortality; mucormycosis; university hospital