Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 modulate TLRs and cytokines expression patterns in jejunum and ileum of broilers.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) and Bacillus subtilis B10 (Bs) on intestinal epithelial Toll like receptors (TLR), and Cytokine expression response to understand the intestinal epithelial innate immune mechanism in broilers. A total of 300 birds (Sanhuang broilers) were allotted into three groups (n = 100) and each divided into five replications (n = 20). Control group (Ctr) birds were fed basal diet, broilers in experimental groups received (1×108cfu/kg feed) Sb and Bs respectively in addition to basal diet for 72 days. The result showed significant increase in mRNA expression level of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR15. Down streaming MyD88, TRAF6, TAB2 and NF-κB mRNA level noted higher, in the jejunum and ileum as compared to control group. Meanwhile, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10, TGF-β expression levels showed high expression in the jejunum of Sb and Bs groups. IL-10 expression level increased in the ileum and IL-6, TNFα, IL-10 and TGF-β expression levels increased in the jejunum of Sb group. Levels of IL-1 β, IL-17, and IL-4, increased merely in Sb group. Ileal cytokines IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-4concentration were noted higher in Sb group, and IL-1β, and IL-4 levels were up-regulated in Bs group. The results indicated that the INF-γ and IL-8 level decreased in Sb and BS groups. Serum IgA and sIgA level increased in both treatment groups. Our findings illustrated that S. boulardii and B. subtilis B10 may have a role to induce mucosal immunity by activating the TLRs and cytokines expressions in broilers.
College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.|College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.|Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Imran Rashid
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-4541
IR
Rajput
College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Huang
H
Ying
College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Sun
S
Yajing
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan.|College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China.
Muhammad Asif
MA
Arain
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
Li
L
Weifen
College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Li
L
Ping
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Dost Muhammad
DM
Bloch
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
Liu
L
Wenhua
D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069983:Saccharomyces boulardii / Q000502:physiology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics*
D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors