In-situ Raman spectroscopy to elucidate the influence of adsorption in graphene electrochemistry.
Electrochemistry on graphene is of particular interest due to graphene's high surface area, high electrical conductivity and low interfacial capacitance. Because the graphene Fermi level can be probed by its strong Raman signal, information on the graphene doping can be obtained which in turn can provide information on adsorbed atoms or molecules. For this paper, the adsorption analysis was successfully performed using three electroactive substances with different electrode interaction mechanisms: hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride (RuHex), ferrocenemethanol (FcMeOH) and potassium ferricyanide/potassium ferrocyanide (Fe(CN)6). The adsorption state was probed by analysing the G-peak position in the measured in-situ Raman spectrum during electrochemical experiments. We conclude that electrochemical Raman spectroscopy on graphene is a valuable tool to obtain in-situ information on adsorbed species on graphene, isolated from the rest of the electrochemical behaviour.
BIOS - Lab on a Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, P.O. box 217 7500AE, The Netherlands.
Wesley T E
WT
van den Beld
BIOS - Lab on a Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, P.O. box 217 7500AE, The Netherlands.
Mathieu
M
Odijk
Plasma and Materials Processing Group, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, PO Box 513, 5600MB, The Netherlands.
René H J
RH
Vervuurt
Plasma and Materials Processing Group, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, PO Box 513, 5600MB, The Netherlands.
Jan-Willem
JW
Weber
Plasma and Materials Processing Group, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, PO Box 513, 5600MB, The Netherlands.
Ageeth A
AA
Bol
BIOS - Lab on a Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, P.O. box 217 7500AE, The Netherlands.
Albert
A
van den Berg
BIOS - Lab on a Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, P.O. box 217 7500AE, The Netherlands.
Jan C T
JC
Eijkel