An exploration of the effect and interaction mechanism of bisphenol A on waste sludge hydrolysis with multi-spectra, isothermal titration microcalorimetry and molecule docking.
An increasing amount of bisphenol A (BPA) is being produced and used, then discharged into sewage treatment plants and accumulated in sludge or soil, when the sludge is used as fertilizer. Accumulation of BPA in sludge or soil causes poisoning to the enzyme, which affects the biological treatment of sludge and the circulation and conversion of materials in soil. In this research, effect of BPA on sludge hydrolysis is studied from the respect of concentration and components of soluble organic matter in sludge, using three-dimensional fluorescence spectra. In order to illuminate the interaction mechanism, toxic effect of BPA on α-Amylase (a model of hydrolase in sludge) is investigated with multi-spectra, isothermal titration microcalorimetry and molecule docking at the molecular level. Results show that the secondary structure of α-Amylase and the microenvironment of amino acid residue in α-Amylase are changed. The molecular docking study and ITC results show that hydrophobic bond and hydrogen bond exist in the interaction between BPA and α-Amylase. Based on the above analysis and enzyme activity assay, sludge hydrolysis is inhibited due to the denaturation of α-Amylase with BPA exposure.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China.
Guangying
G
Hou
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China.
Rui
R
Zhang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China.
Xiaoyan
X
Hao
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China. Electronic address: chunguangliu2013@sdu.edu.cn.
Chunguang
C
Liu
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002151:Calorimetry / Q000379:methods*; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D006868:Hydrolysis; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000737:chemistry; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; D012722:Sewage; D000516:alpha-Amylases; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
Bisphenol; Circular dichroism spectra; Sludge hydrolysis; Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra; α-Amylase