Morphology Analysis and Optimization: Crucial Factor Determining the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells.
This review presents an overall discussion on the morphology analysis and optimization for perovskite (PVSK) solar cells. Surface morphology and energy alignment have been proven to play a dominant role in determining the device performance. The effect of the key parameters such as solution condition and preparation atmosphere on the crystallization of PVSK, the characterization of surface morphology and interface distribution in the perovskite layer is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the analysis of interface energy level alignment by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy is presented to reveals the correlation between morphology and charge generation and collection within the perovskite layer, and its influence on the device performance. The techniques including architecture modification, solvent annealing, etc. were reviewed as an efficient approach to improve the morphology of PVSK. It is expected that further progress will be achieved with more efforts devoted to the insight of the mechanism of surface engineering in the field of PVSK solar cells.
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. iamwjzeng@njupt.edu.cn.
Wenjin
W
Zeng
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. 18705196503@163.com.
Xingming
X
Liu
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. gxiangru@gmail.com.
Xiangru
X
Guo
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. iamqlniu@njupt.edu.cn.
Qiaoli
Q
Niu
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. yjpmvp2012@126.com.
Jianpeng
J
Yi
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. iamrdxia@njupt.edu.cn.
Ruidong
R
Xia
Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. iamygmin@njupt.edu.cn.|The School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, China. iamygmin@njupt.edu.cn.
Yong
Y
Min
D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D012993:Solar Energy; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014025:Titanium
D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C059910:perovskite; D014025:Titanium
CH3NH3PbI3; energy alignment; interface; morphology; perovskite; photovoltaic