3D-Printed Multidrug-Eluting Stent from Graphene-Nanoplatelet-Doped Biodegradable Polymer Composite.
Patients with percutaneous coronary intervention generally receive either bare metal stents or drug-eluting stents to restore the normal blood flow. However, due to the lack of stent production with an individual patient in mind, the same level of effectiveness may not be possible in treating two different clinical scenarios. This study introduces for the first time the feasibility of a patient-specific stenting process constructed from direct 3D segmentation of medical images using direct 3D printing of biodegradable polymer-graphene composite with dual drug incorporation. A biodegradable polymer-carbon composite is prepared doped with graphene nanoplatelets to achieve controlled release of combinatorics as anticoagulation and antirestenosis agents. This study develops a technology prototyped for personalized stenting. An in silico analysis is performed to optimize the stent design for printing and its prediction of sustainability under force exerted by coronary artery or blood flow. A holistic approach covering in silico to in situ-in vivo establishes the structural integrity of the polymer composite, its mechanical properties, drug loading and release control, prototyping, functional activity, safety, and feasibility of placement in coronary artery of swine.
Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Santosh K
SK
Misra
Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Fatemeh
F
Ostadhossein
Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Ramya
R
Babu
Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Joseph
J
Kus
Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Divya
D
Tankasala
NMR/EPR Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Andre
A
Sutrisno
Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Kathleen A
KA
Walsh
Agricultural Animal Care and Use Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Corinne R
CR
Bromfield
Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Dipanjan
D
Pan
D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D063566:Biodegradable Plastics / Q000737:chemistry*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D013552:Swine
D063566:Biodegradable Plastics; D006108:Graphite
CT imaging; coronary stents; graphene nanoplatelets; polymer composites; prototyping