Disease Modeling in Stem Cell-Derived 3D Organoid Systems.
Organoids are 3D in vitro culture systems derived from self-organizing stem cells. They can recapitulate the in vivo architecture, functionality, and genetic signature of original tissues. Thus, organoid technology has been rapidly applied to understanding stem cell biology, organogenesis, and various human pathologies. The recent development of human patient-derived organoids has enabled disease modeling with precision, highlighting their great potential in biomedical applications, translational medicine, and personalized therapy. In light of recent breakthroughs using organoids, it is only apt that we appreciate the advantages and shortcomings of this technology to exploit its full potential. We discuss recent advances in the application of organoids in studying cancer and hereditary diseases, as well as in the examination of host cell-microorganism interactions.
Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Devanjali
D
Dutta
Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Inha
I
Heo
Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: h.clevers@hubrecht.eu.
Hans
H
Clevers
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D009940:Organoids / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
CFTR; cancer; infectious disease; microbiota; organoid; personalized medicine; stem cells