Old antibiotics for emerging multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB).
Recently, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a therapeutic challenge. In addition to drug resistance, drug adverse events, intravenous delivery, cost and availability of some antibiotics in low-income countries have led to a look back to old drugs, especially those efficient against closely related organisms such as Mycobacterium leprae. Here we review the available drugs that respect the conditions above and could be upgraded to first-line therapy for treating MDR-TB and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB).
Institut Hospital-Universitaire (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, AP-HM, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France.
Philippe
P
Brouqui
Institut Hospital-Universitaire (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, AP-HM, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France.
Fanny
F
Quenard
Institut Hospital-Universitaire (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, AP-HM, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France. Electronic address: michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr.
Michel
M
Drancourt
D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002991:Clofazimine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004357:Drug Synergism; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008911:Minocycline / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010640:Phenothiazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D010640:Phenothiazines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D002991:Clofazimine; D008911:Minocycline; C031637:phenothiazine; D017291:Clarithromycin
Antibiotics; Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis; MDR-TB; Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; XDR-TB