The effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet on weight loss, anti-Müllerian hormone and metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH diet) on weight loss, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).


METHODS
A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted among 60 overweight or obese patients with PCOS. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either low-calorie DASH (N=30) or control diet (N=30) for 12 weeks. The DASH and control diets were consisted of 52%-55% carbohydrates, 16%-18% proteins and 30% total fats; however, the DASH diet was designed to be rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, cholesterol and refined grains. Both diets were equicaloric.


RESULTS
Adherence to the DASH diet, compared to the control diet, resulted in a significant decrease in BMI (-1.6±0.5 vs -1.2±0.7 kg/m2, P=.02). Significant decreases in AMH (-1.1±3.1 vs +0.3±0.7 ng/mL, P=.01), insulin (-25.2±51.0 vs -1.2±28.8 pmol/L, P=.02), homoeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-0.9±2.0 vs -0.1±1.0, P=.02), free androgen index (FAI; -0.03±0.09 vs +0.06±0.21, P=.02) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (-0.5±0.4 vs +0.2±0.3 μmol/L, P<.001), and significant increases in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.01±0.03 vs -0.004±0.01, P=.02), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; +3.7±8.5 vs -1.5±7.2 nmol/L, P=.01) and nitric oxide (NO; +9.0±4.9 vs +0.6±2.3 μmol/L, P<.001) were also seen in the DASH group compared with the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Adherence to the DASH diet for 12 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on BMI, AMH, insulin metabolism, SHBG, FAI, NO and MDA levels.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Fatemeh
F
Foroozanfard
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Hamideh
H
Rafiei
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Mansooreh
M
Samimi
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Hamid Reza
HR
Gilasi
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Roohangiz
R
Gorjizadeh
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra
Z
Heidar
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Zatollah
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-7224
Z
Asemi
D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D000073601:Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D055442:Metabolome; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult
D007328:Insulin; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone