Prevalence of undiagnosed asymptomatic bacteriuria and associated risk factors during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study at two tertiary centres in Cairo, Egypt.
The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) during pregnancy is poorly understood in Egypt-a country with a high birth rate.



To determine the prevalence of ASB among pregnant women booking at El Hussein and Sayed Galal Hospitals in Al-Azhar University in Egypt; and to observe the relationship between ASB prevalence and risk factors such as socioeconomic level and personal hygiene.



Obstetrics and gynaecology clinics of 2 university hospitals in the capital of Egypt. Both hospitals are teaching and referral hospitals receiving referrals from across over the country. They operate specialist antenatal clinics 6 days per week.



A cross-sectional study combining the use of questionnaires and laboratory analysis was conducted in 171 pregnant women with no signs or symptoms of urinary tract infection (1 case was excluded). Samples of clean catch midstream urine were collected and cultured using quantitative urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed.



Of 171 pregnant women, 1 case was excluded; 17 cases (10%, 95% CI 5.93% to 15.53%) were positive for ASB. There was a statistically significant relation between the direction of washing genitals and sexual activity per week-and ASB.Escherichia coliwas the most commonly isolated bacteria followed byKlebsiella. Nitrofurantoin showed 100% sensitivity, while 88% of the isolates were resistant to cephalexin.



The prevalence of ASB seen in pregnant women in 2 tertiary hospitals in Egypt was 10%.E. coliandKlebsiellaare the common organisms isolated. The direction of washing genitals and sexual activity significantly influences the risk of ASB. Pregnant women should be screened early for ASB during pregnancy; appropriate treatment should be given for positive cases according to antibiotic sensitivity screening. Cephalexin is likely to be of limited use in this management.
Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.|Research Center for Public Health and Center for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Mohamed
M
Abdel-Aziz Elzayat
Research Center for Public Health and Center for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.|Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Ashton
A
Barnett-Vanes
Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
Mohamed Farag Elmorsy
MF
Dabour
Research Center for Public Health and Center for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Feng
F
Cheng
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002506:Cephalexin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D007709:Klebsiella; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009582:Nitrofurantoin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011295:Prenatal Care; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014038:Toilet Facilities; D055815:Young Adult
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009582:Nitrofurantoin; D002506:Cephalexin
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria; Egypt; Urinary Tract Infection; Urine Culture