Cancer Imaging in Immunotherapy.
Immune therapeutics are revolutionizing cancer treatments. In tandem, new and confounding imaging characteristics have appeared that are distinct from those typically seen with conventional cytotoxic therapies. In fact, only 10% of patients on immunotherapy may show tumor shrinkage, typical of positive responses on conventional therapy. Conversely, those on immune therapies may initially demonstrate a delayed response, transient enlargement followed by tumor shrinkage, stable size, or the appearance of new lesions. New imaging response criteria such as the immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (irRECIST) and immune-related Response Criteria (irRC) are being implemented in many trials. However, FDA approval of emerging therapies including immunotherapies still relies on the current RECIST criteria. In this review, we review the traditional and new imaging response criteria for evaluation of solid tumors and briefly touch on some of the more commonly associated immunotherapy-induced adverse events.
Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology-Neuro Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, T. Boone Pickens Academic Towe (FCT16.5037), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1482, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Yousra
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Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology-Neuro Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, T. Boone Pickens Academic Towe (FCT16.5037), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1482, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. rcolen@mdanderson.org.
Rivka R
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Colen
D000818:Animals; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D023381:Endpoint Determination / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
Cancer imaging; Immune imaging criteria; Immunotherapy; irRC; irRECIST