Mapping the brain network of the phonological loop.
The cortical and subcortical neural correlates underlying item and order information in verbal short-term memory (STM) were investigated by means of digit span in 29 patients with direct electrical stimulation during awake surgery for removal of a neoplastic lesion. Stimulation of left Broca's area interfered with span, producing significantly more item than order errors, as compared to the stimulation of the supramarginal/angular gyrus, which also interfered with span but, conversely, produced more order than item errors. Similarly, stimulation of the third segment of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF-III), also known as anterior segment of the arcuate fascicle (AF), produced more order than item errors. Therefore, we obtained two crucial results: first, we were able to distinguish between content and order information storage. Second, we demonstrated that the SLF-III is involved in transferring order information from Geschwind's area to Broca's area. In a few patients, we demonstrated that also order information of nonverbal material was disrupted by left supramarginal gyrus stimulation. Order information is thus likely stored in the supramarginal gyrus, possibly independently from the nature of the material. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3011-3024, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, Milano, 20126, Italy.|CIMeC and CeRiN, University of Trento and Rovereto, Rovereto, 38068, Italy.
Costanza
0000-0002-3659-6294
C
Papagno
Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, Milano, 20126, Italy.
Alessandro
A
Comi
Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, MI, 20089, Italy.
Marco
0000-0003-4643-6451
M
Riva
Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, Milano, MI, 20133, Italy.
Alberto
A
Bizzi
Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, Milano, 20126, Italy.
Mirta
M
Vernice
Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, MI, 20089, Italy.
Alessandra
A
Casarotti
Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, MI, 20089, Italy.
Enrica
E
Fava
Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, MI, 20089, Italy.|Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Festa del Perdono 7, Milano, 20122, Italy.
Lorenzo
L
Bello
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D032882:Comprehension; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009275:Names; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010700:Phonetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D010100:Oxygen
arcuate; direct electric stimulation; inferior parietal lobule; memory short-term; neurosurgery