Triiodothyronine promotes the proliferation of epicardial progenitor cells through the MAPK/ERK pathway.
Thyroid hormone has important functions in the development and physiological function of the heart. The aim of this study was to determine whether 3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine (T3) can promote the proliferation of epicardial progenitor cells (EPCs) and to investigate the potential underlying mechanism. Our results showed that T3 significantly promoted the proliferation of EPCs in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The thyroid hormone nuclear receptor inhibitor bisphenol A (100 μmol/L) did not affect T3's ability to induce proliferation. Further studies showed that the mRNA expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), MAPK3, and Ki67 in EPCs in the T3 group (10 nmol/L) increased 2.9-, 3-, and 4.1-fold, respectively, compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA expression of the cell cycle protein cyclin D1 in the T3 group increased approximately 2-fold compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and there were more EPCs in the S phase of the cell cycle (20.6% vs. 12.0%, P < 0.05). The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway inhibitor U0126 (10 μmol/L) significantly inhibited the ability of T3 to promote the proliferation of EPCs and to alter cell cycle progression. This study suggested that T3 significantly promotes the proliferation of EPCs, and this effect may be achieved through activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Song-Bai
SB
Deng
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Xiao-Dong
XD
Jing
Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Nanchuan District, Chongqing, 408400, China.
Xiao-Ming
XM
Wei
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Jian-Lin
JL
Du
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Ya-Jie
YJ
Liu
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Qin
Q
Qin
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. Electronic address: qshe98@hotmail.com.
Qiang
Q
She
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010496:Pericardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002070:Butadienes; D019938:Cyclin D1; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D009570:Nitriles; D010636:Phenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D014284:Triiodothyronine; C530105:Ccnd1 protein, mouse; C498355:Mki67 protein, mouse; C113580:U 0126; C535148:Mapk1 protein, mouse; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
Cell proliferation; Epicardial progenitor cells; Signal pathway; Thyroid hormone