Electrophysiological properties and augmented catecholamine release from chromaffin cells of WKY and SHR rats contributing to the hypertension development elicited by chronic EtOH consumption.
It is known that chronic ethanol (EtOH) consumption leads to hypertension development and has been associated with deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. Whether this condition alters calcium (Ca2+) signaling and exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells (CCs) as the case is for genetic hypertension, is unknown. We explored this question in four randomized experimental groups, male Wistar Kyoto (WKY/EtOH) and Spontaneously Hypertensive (SHR/EtOH) rats were subjected to the intake of increasing EtOH concentrations (5-20%, for 30 days) and their respective controls (WKY/Control and SHR/Control) received water. WKY/EtOH developed hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy; blood aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and H2O2were also augmented. In comparison with WKY/Control, CCs from WKY/EtOH had the following features: (i) depolarization and higher frequency of spontaneous action potentials; (ii) decreased Ca2+currents with slower inactivation; (iii) decreased K+currents; (iv) augmented K+-elicited cytosolic Ca2+transients ([Ca2+]c); (v) enhanced K+-elicited catecholamine release. These cardiovascular, blood and CCs changes were qualitatively similar to those undergone by SHR/Control and SHR/EtOH. The results suggest that the hypertension elicited by chronic EtOH has pathogenic features common to genetic hypertension namely, augmented [Ca2+]ctransients and catecholamine release from their CCs.
Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
Guilherme Henrique Souza
GHS
Bomfim
Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Iago
I
Méndez-López
Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
José Carlos
JC
Fernández-Morales
Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Juan Fernando
JF
Padín
Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
Aron
A
Jurkiewicz
Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
Neide Hyppolito
NH
Jurkiewicz
Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: antonio.garcia@ifth.es.
Antonio García
AG
García
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019439:Chromaffin Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013997:Time Factors
D002395:Catecholamines; D000431:Ethanol; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium
Augmented catecholamine release; Chromaffin cells electrophysiological properties; Chronic EtOH consumption; Hypertension development