Mechanisms underlying the diuretic effect of Gomphrena celosioides Mart. (Amaranthaceae).
BACKGROUND
Gomphrena celosioides (Amaranthaceae) is a native medicinal plant found in Mato Grosso do Sul State that is used for treating urinary tract and kidney stones. This study aimed to evaluate the diuretic effects of ethanolic extract from G. celosioides (EEGC) on acute and extended diuresis to provide a pharmacological basis for its use in traditional medicine.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the diuretic and natriuretic activity of EEGC and its mechanism of action in an animal model.


METHODS
EEGC (30, 100 and 300mg/kg) was orally administered in male Wistar rats, and urinary excretion was measured at intervals of up to 8h after administration. To evaluate participation of the nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin and bradykinin pathways in its effect, respective inhibitors were also administered together with effectives doses of EEGC and compared with control groups. A 7-day model with daily administration and urine measurement was also carried out.


RESULTS
Oral administration of doses of 100 and 300 significantly increased urine output after 8h compared to the control group. It was observed this effect is dependent on the NO, prostaglandin and bradykinin pathways because their inhibitors reduced the diuretic effects of EEGC. Moreover, after 7 days of treatment, the effect was sustained and a decrease in serum aldosterone was observed in the extract group.


CONCLUSIONS
According to the results, G. celosioides extract showed diuretic and natriuretic effects associated with more than one mechanism of action. Considering that all diuretic drugs are currently available for the treatment of volume and electrolyte disturbances, especially hypertensive status, the present results may have clinical relevance and open new possibilities for the development of new natural diuretics from G. celosioides.
College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil. Electronic address: paulovasconcelos@ufgd.edu.br.
Paulo César
PC
de Paula Vasconcelos
College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil. Electronic address: danilospessoto@gmail.com.
Danilo Ramos
DR
Spessotto
Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB, and PPG BV, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: jane_marinho123@hotmail.com.
Jane Vasconcelos
JV
Marinho
Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB, and PPG BV, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: marcosjs@unicamp.br.
Marcos José
MJ
Salvador
College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil. Electronic address: arquimedesgasparotto@gmail.com.
Arquimedes Gasparotto
AG
Junior
College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil. Electronic address: candida2005@gmail.com.
Candida Aparecida Leite
CA
Kassuya
D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D027703:Amaranthaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000378:metabolism; D001938:Brazil; D004232:Diuretics / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D004232:Diuretics; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011453:Prostaglandins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000450:Aldosterone; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D001920:Bradykinin
Aldosterone; Diuretic plant; Gomphrena celosioides; Hypertension; Natriuresis