Hormone therapy at early post-menopause increases cognitive control-related prefrontal activity.
Clinical data have been equivocal and controversial as to the benefits to the brain and cognition of hormone therapy (HT) in postmenopausal women. Recent reevaluation of the role of estrogens proposed that HT may effectively prevent the deleterious effects of aging on cognition, and reduces the risks of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, if initiated early at the beginning of menopause. Yet, little is known about the effects of HT on brain activation related to cognitive control, the ability to make flexible decisions in relation to internal goals. Here, we used fMRI to directly test for a modulation of sequential 17β estradiol (2 mg/day) plus oral progesterone (100 mg/day) on task switching-related brain activity in women at early postmenopause. The results showed that HT enhanced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex recruitment during task switching. Between-subjects correlation analyses revealed that women who engaged more the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed higher task switching performance after HT administration. These results suggest that HT, when taken early at the beginning of postmenopause, may have beneficial effect on cognitive control prefrontal mechanisms. Together, these findings demonstrate that HT can prevent the appearance of reduced prefrontal cortex activity, a neurophysiological measure observed both in healthy aging and early dementia.
Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision-making Team, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron, France.|University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon 1, France.
Romuald
R
Girard
Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision-making Team, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron, France.|University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon 1, France.
Elise
E
Météreau
Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision-making Team, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron, France.|University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon 1, France.
Julie
J
Thomas
University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon 1, France.|Fédération d'Endocrinologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon et INSERM U1060 Institut CARMEN, Université Lyon 1, 69600 Oullins, France.
Michel
M
Pugeat
Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision-making Team, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron, France.|Psychology department, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
Chen
C
Qu
Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision-making Team, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron, France.|University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon 1, France.
Jean-Claude
JC
Dreher
D000368:Aged; D001519:Behavior; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000187:drug effects*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D061665:Time-to-Treatment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol