Preliminary assessment on potentials of probiotic B. subtilis RX7 and B. methylotrophicus C14 strains as an immune modulator in Salmonella-challenged weaned pigs.
A total of 40 crossbred weaned piglets (28 days old; [Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) were used for preliminary assessment on potentials of Bacillus-based probiotics as an immune modulator in a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge model in a 3-week experiment. Pigs were randomly allotted to four experimental diets according to their initial body weight (9.21 ± 1.1 kg) and sex (10 pigs per treatment; 5 barrows and 5 gilts). The dietary treatments were basal diet (CON), basal diet + oral administration of Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium at the dosage of 1 mL containing 1 × 1011cfu/mL of viable cell concentrations at day 21 (SC), SC + Bacillus subtilis (BS), and SC+ Bacillus methylotrophicus (BM). After 12 h of Salmonella challenge, the red blood cell (RBC), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations were reduced (P < 0.05) whereas haptoglobin and cortisol levels were greater (P < 0.05) in SC compared with CON. However, the concentrations of RBC, IgG, and IgM were increased whereas haptoglobin and cortisol levels were reduced in BS and BM compared with SC. The probiotic-treated groups showed reduced (P < 0.05) IgM levels and increased (P < 0.05) WBC and cortisol levels compared with CON. The supplementation of probiotics showed increased (P < 0.05) fecal Lactobacillus counts and reduced Escherichia coli and Salmonella counts in piglets though there was no biological relevance compared with SC. Thus, in our preliminary study, Bacillus-based probiotic has shown some positive immunomodulatory effects in Salmonella-challenged pigs which provided a base for further studies.
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea.
Santi Devi
SD
Upadhaya
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea.
Suresh Kumar
SK
Shanmugam
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea.
Dae Kyung
DK
Kang
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea. inhokim@dankook.ac.kr.
In Ho
IH
Kim
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000737:chemistry*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000502:physiology; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D007155:Immunologic Factors
B. methylotrophicus; B. subtilis; Challenge; Pig; Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium