Cranioplasty.
Cranioplasty following craniectomy for trauma is a common, safe neurosurgical procedure that restores the natural cosmesis and protective barrier of the skull and may be instrumental in normalizing cerebrospinal fluid dynamics after decompressive surgery. Understanding the factors influencing patient selection and timing of cranioplasty, the available materials and methods of skull reconstruction, and the technical nuances is critical for a successful outcome. Neurosurgeons must be prepared to manage the complications specific to this operation. This article reviews the indications, preoperative assessment and timing, most commonly used materials, operative technique, postoperative care, and complication management for cranioplasty.
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3rd Floor Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Matthew
M
Piazza
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3rd Floor Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: Michael.grady@uphs.upenn.edu.
M Sean
MS
Grady
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D056424:Decompressive Craniectomy; D006801:Humans; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
D001672:Biocompatible Materials
Autologous cranioplasty; Cranial defect; Cranioplasty; Methyl methacrylate; Skull reconstruction; Synthetic cranioplasty