Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potential of Fruiting Bodies of the Wild-Growing King Bolete Mushroom, Boletus edulis (Agaricomycetes), from Western Serbia.
The aim of this work was to study the bioactivity of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Boletus edulis prepared from caps and stipes of wild-growing basidiocarps collected from the Prijepolje region (western Serbia). The bioactivity screening included antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], nitric oxide, super-oxide anion*, and hydroxyl radicals and ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and antiproliferative MTT assays (human breast MCF-7 cancer cell line). In addition, all extracts were primarily characterized by ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry to determine total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The highest anti-DPPH and anti-hydroxyl radical activity were observed in aqueous B. edulis extract from the caps (half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 50.97 μg/ mL and 2.05 μg/mL, respectively), whereas the highest anti-nitric oxide radical activity was observed in aqueous B. edulis extract from the stipes (IC50 = 10.74 μg/mL). The ethanolic extract obtained from the mushroom stipe showed higher anti-superoxide anion radical activity (IC50 = 9.84 μg/mL) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (22.14 mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g dry weight) compared with aqueous extracts. Total phenolic content for all extracts was similar but total flavonoid content was significantly higher in the aqueous B. edulis extract from the caps (4.5 mg quercetin equivalents/g dry weight). All crude extracts showed activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with the ethanolic extract of B. edulis prepared from stipes (IC50 = 56 μg/mL) being the most potent. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the antiproliferative effects of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from caps and stipes of wild-growing basidiocarps of B. edulis on the human breast MCF-7 cancer cell line.
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Aleksandra
A
Novakovic
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 2, Novi Sad 21000.
Maja
M
Karaman
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Sonja
S
Kaisarevic
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Tanja
T
Radusin
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Nebojsa
N
Llic
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000032:analysis; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D055771:Serbia
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D005419:Flavonoids; D005609:Free Radicals; D010636:Phenols