Standardized Sophora pachycarpa Root Extract Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation in Adipose-derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Bone defect is an important topic in public health. Novel therapies are based on osteogenic induction by natural antiosteoporotic compounds including plant-derived estrogens. In the current study, the osteogenic potential of Sophora pachycarpa root extract (SPRE) was explored on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Herein, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were osteoinducted in the presence of increased concentrations of the extract for 21 days. Then, cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, and the differentiated cells were stained by Alizarin Red S for calcium deposition and subjected to alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay for enzymatic activity. To assess the expression of bone-related genes, treated cells were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The MTT test demonstrated that SPRE had no toxic effects on the cell viability. Treating the cells with SPRE noticeably promoted ALP activity, mineralization, and mRNA expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1). Additionally, cells subjected to 0.1 μg/mL SPRE showed the highest osteogenic effects. According to high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting of SPRE, the osteoprotective effects of SPRE is probably due to presence of phytochemicals with estrogen-like activity in the extract. Thus, SPRE might be a suitable therapeutic agent for bone defects therapy in the future research. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Samaneh
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6582-4500
S
Mollazadeh
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Vajiheh
V
Neshati
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.|School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Bibi Sedigheh
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7857-1493
BS
Fazly Bazzaz
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.|School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mehrdad
M
Iranshahi
Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.|Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Majid
M
Mojarrad
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan-Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
Hojjat
H
Naderi-Meshkin
Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.|Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Amin
MA
Kerachian
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D029909:Sophora / Q000737:chemistry*
C000716127:COL1A1 protein, human; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D010936:Plant Extracts
Sophora pachycarpa; adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; osteogenesis; regenerative medicine