Predictors of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Plasma Concentrations in 6-10 Year Old American Children.
Certain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are suspected developmental toxicants, but data on PFAS concentrations and exposure routes in children are limited. We measured plasma PFASs in children aged 6-10 years from the Boston-area Project Viva prebirth cohort, and used multivariable linear regression to estimate associations with sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors, and maternal PFASs measured during pregnancy. PFAS concentrations in Project Viva children (sampled 2007-2010) were similar to concentrations among youth participants (aged 12-19 years) in the 2007-8 and 2009-10 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); mean concentrations of most PFASs declined from 2007 to 2010 in Project Viva and NHANES. In mutually adjusted models, predictors of higher PFAS concentrations included older child age, lower adiposity, carpeting or a rug in the child's bedroom, higher maternal education, and higher neighborhood income. Concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), and 2-(N-methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetate (Me-PFOSA-AcOH) were 26-36% lower in children of black mothers compared to children of white mothers and increased 12-21% per interquartile range increase in maternal pregnancy PFASs. Breastfeeding duration did not predict childhood PFAS concentrations in adjusted multivariable models. Together, the studied predictors explained the observed variability in PFAS concentrations to only a modest degree.
Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health , Berkeley, California, United States.|Division of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health , Berkeley, California, United States.
Maria H
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4421-0224
MH
Harris
Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute , Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Sheryl L
SL
Rifas-Shiman
Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
Antonia M
AM
Calafat
Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
Xiaoyun
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5837-2542
X
Ye
Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts, United States.|Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances, Universidad Nacional , Heredia, Costa Rica.
Ana Maria
AM
Mora
Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Thomas F
TF
Webster
Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute , Boston, Massachusetts, United States.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Emily
E
Oken
Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health , Berkeley, California, United States.|Division of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health , Berkeley, California, United States.
Sharon K
SK
Sagiv
D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D009035:Mothers; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D014481:United States
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005466:Fluorocarbons