Dacomitinib-induced diarrhoea is associated with altered gastrointestinal permeability and disruption in ileal histology in rats.
Dacomitinib-an irreversible pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-causes diarrhoea in 75% of patients. Dacomitinib-induced diarrhoea has not previously been investigated and the mechanisms remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to develop an in-vitro and in-vivo model of dacomitinib-induced diarrhoea to investigate underlying mechanisms. T84 cells were treated with 1-4 μM dacomitinib and resistance and viability were measured using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and XTT assays. Rats were treated with 7.5 mg/kg dacomitinib daily via oral gavage for 7 or 21 days (n = 6/group). Weights, and diarrhoea incidence were recorded daily. Rats were administered FITC-dextran 2 hr before cull, and serum levels of FITC-dextran were measured and serum biochemistry analysis was conducted. Detailed histopathological analysis was conducted throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal expression of ErbB1, ErbB2 and ErbB4 was analysed using RT-PCR. The ileum and the colon were analysed using multiplex for expression of various cytokines. T84 cells treated with dacomitinib showed no alteration in TEER or cell viability. Rats treated with dacomitinib developed severe diarrhoea, and had significantly lower weight gain. Further, dacomitinib treatment led to severe histopathological injury localised to the ileum. This damage coincided with increased levels of MCP1 in the ileum, and preferential expression of ErbB1 in this region compared to all other regions. This study showed dacomitinib induces severe ileal damage accompanied by increased MCP1 expression, and gastrointestinal permeability in rats. The histological changes were most pronounced in the ileum, which was also the region with the highest relative expression of ErbB1.
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Ysabella Z A
0000-0002-5803-3230
YZA
Van Sebille
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.|Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Rachel J
RJ
Gibson
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Hannah R
HR
Wardill
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Kate R
KR
Secombe
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Imogen A
IA
Ball
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Dorothy M K
DMK
Keefe
SA Pathology, Research Division, Adelaide, Australia.
John W
JW
Finnie
Cancer Treatment Toxicities Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Joanne M
JM
Bowen
D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D052999:Quinazolinones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D015531:Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D052999:Quinazolinones; C525726:dacomitinib; D066246:ErbB Receptors
ErbB; TKI; dacomitinib; diarrhoea; mucositis