Prevalence and factors associated with stages of behavior change for physical activity in adolescents: a systematic review.
BACKGROUND
To analyze prevalence and factors associated with stages of behavior change for physical activity in adolescents.


METHODS
A search was performed in SciELO, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and LILACS. The search terms were "behavior change" OR "stages of change" OR "stages of readiness" OR "readiness to change" OR "transtheoretical model" OR "process to change" OR "decisional balance", and "motor activity" OR "physical activity" OR "physical exercise" and "adolescent" OR "students". After the eligibility criteria, 18 articles were selected.


RESULTS
The highest prevalence of adolescents in the precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages was found in the Germany, South Korea, and Iran while there were more adolescents in the action and maintenance in South Korea and Brazil. The evidence of association indicated that females are more likely to be in precontemplation, contemplation and preparation. The evidence was inconclusive for age (in relation to the precontemplation, contemplation, action and maintenance stages), economic status (all stages), shift of study (when stratified by gender) and body composition (all stages). No association was found with parental level of education.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings can help to guide interventions and further research on the topic of behavior changes for physical activity in adolescents.
Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Heloyse Elaine Gimenes
HEG
Nunes
Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. diegoaugustoss@yahoo.com.br.
Diego Augusto Santos
DAS
Silva
Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Eliane Cristina de Andrade
ECA
Gonçalves
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence
adolescent; behavior; motor activity; students; transtheoretical model