Monitoring retinoschisis and non-acute retinal detachment by optical coherence tomography: morphologic aspects and clinical impact.
OBJECTIVE
To differentiate retinoschisis (RS) from non-acute retinal detachment (naRD) in clinical routine using optical coherence tomography (OCT), describe unique morphological OCT characteristics and monitor disease progression.


METHODS
This prospective, observational study included 64 eyes of 44 patients with either RS or naRD. Patients were examined clinically and using Heidelberg Spectralis OCT®, Topcon DRI OCT®and Cirrus HRA-OCT®over 2 years with follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Main outcomes were typical morphologic findings of RS and naRD described in OCT. Progression was monitored using Spectralis OCT®follow-up mapping and an eye-tracking method.


RESULTS
Forty-seven eyes were diagnosed with RS and 17 with naRD. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provided a definite diagnosis in four eyes diagnosed clinically as uncertain. Seventy-seven percentage of eyes with RS were atrophic in the inner leaf (IL), whereas 41% with naRD showed cystoid alteration. A discontinuation of the IL clinically observed as an inner-layer break (ILB) could be imaged. We described a tissue retraction within the outer leaf (OL), which corresponded to outer-layer breaks (OLBs) in clinical examinations in nine eyes (19%).


CONCLUSIONS
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a reliable method to differentiate and monitor RS from naRD. Morphological characteristics, including ILB and OLB, could be accurately illustrated in RS.
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Katharina
K
Eibenberger
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Stefan
S
Sacu
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Sandra
S
Rezar-Dreindl
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Julia
J
Pöcksteiner
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Michael
M
Georgopoulos
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Ursula
U
Schmidt-Erfurth
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000175:diagnosis*; D041441:Retinoschisis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*
non-acute retinal detachment; optical coherence tomography; retinoschisis