Differing metabolic responses to salt stress in wheat-barley addition lines containing different 7H chromosomal fragments.
Salinity-induced osmotic, ionic and oxidative stress responses were investigated on Asakaze/Manas wheat/barley addition lines 7H, 7HL and 7HS, together with their barley (salt-tolerant) and wheat (relatively salt-sensitive) parents. Growth, photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll degradation, proline, glycine betaine accumulation, sugar metabolism, Na+ and K+ uptake and transport processes and the role of polyamines and antioxidants were studied in young plants grown in hydroponic culture with or without salt treatment. Changes in plant growth and photosynthetic activity of plants demonstrated that the salt tolerance of the addition lines 7H and 7HL was similar to that of barley parent cv. Manas, while the sensitivity of the addition line 7HS was similar to that of the wheat parent cv. Asakaze. The Na accumulation in the roots and shoots did not differ between the addition lines and wheat parent. The activation of various genes related to Na uptake and transport was not correlated with the salt tolerance of the genotypes. These results indicated that the direct regulation of Na transport processes is not the main reason for the salt tolerance of these genotypes. Salt treatment induced a complex metabolic rearrangement in both the roots and shoots of all the genotypes. Elevated proline accumulation in the roots and enhanced sugar metabolism in the shoots were found to be important for salt tolerance in the 7H and 7HL addition lines and in barley cv. Manas. In wheat cv. Asakaze and the 7HS addition line the polyamine metabolism was activated. It seems that osmotic adjustment is a more important process in the improvement of salt tolerance in 7H addition lines than the direct regulation of Na transport processes or antioxidant defence.
Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Eva
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5083-3655
E
Darko
Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Krisztián
K
Gierczik
Food and Wine Knowledge Centre, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy University, Eger, Hungary.
Orsolya
O
Hudák
Food and Wine Knowledge Centre, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy University, Eger, Hungary.
Péter
P
Forgó
Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Magda
M
Pál
Department of Genetic Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonásár, Hungary.
Edina
E
Türkösi
Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Viktória
V
Kovács
Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy University, Eger, Hungary.
Sándor
S
Dulai
Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Imre
I
Majláth
Department of Genetic Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonásár, Hungary.
István
I
Molnár
Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Tibor
T
Janda
Department of Genetic Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonásár, Hungary.
Márta
M
Molnár-Láng
D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009995:Osmosis / Q000502:physiology; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium