Sofosbuvir Plus Ribavirin Without Interferon for Treatment of Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection in HIV-1-Infected Individuals: SWIFT-C.
Historically, acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was treated with shorter durations of interferon-containing therapies. In the era of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), it is unclear whether the efficacy of treatment achieved in chronic infection can be maintained with abbreviated courses of therapy during the acute phase.



The sofosbuvir-containing regimens without interferon for treatment of acute HCV in HIV-1 infected individuals (SWIFT-C) is an open-label, 2-cohort clinical trial in which the first cohort assessed for the safety and efficacy of 12 weeks of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of acute HCV infection in participants with chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. This is a preplanned analysis of the first cohort, which had a planned accrual of 17 participants.



Seventeen men (11 Hispanic, 6 white, median age 45 years) were enrolled. Most (88%) had HCV genotype-1 infection and few (24%) had the favorable IL28B CC genotype. Median baseline HCV RNA was 2 280 000 IU/mL (interquartile range, 272 000-4 230 000). Ten participants (59%) achieved the primary outcome of SVR12 (90% confidence interval, 36%-78%), failing to establish noninferiority. All treatment failures were due to viral relapse (41%). There were no premature treatment discontinuations. The only factor that differed between participants who achieved SVR vs those who relapsed was ribavirin concentration at the end of treatment.



Sofosbuvir-ribavirin for 12 weeks for the treatment of acute HCV genotype-1 infection in HIV-1-infected persons results in a high relapse rate. Preliminary studies of DAA combination therapies suggest improved response rates, although the adequate duration of therapy remains unclear.



NCT02128217.
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Susanna
S
Naggie
Weill Cornell, New York, USA.
Kristen M
KM
Marks
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Michael
M
Hughes
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
Daniel S
DS
Fierer
University of Colorado, Aurora, USA.
Christine
C
Macbrayne
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Arthur
A
Kim
Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Kimberly
K
Hollabaugh
Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Jhoanna
J
Roa
Roivant, New York, USA.
Bill
B
Symonds
Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA.
Diana M
DM
Brainard
Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA.
John G
JG
McHutchison
University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Marion G
MG
Peters
University of Colorado, Aurora, USA.
Jennifer J
JJ
Kiser
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Raymond
R
Chung
D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069474:Sofosbuvir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012254:Ribavirin; D000069474:Sofosbuvir
direct-acting antivirals; early infection; hepatitis; human immunodeficiency virus; interferon-free