Preparation and characterization of amine functional nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan bionanocomposite for bone tissue engineering applications.
In this study, three different types of scaffolds including a uniquely modified composite scaffold - namely chitosan (CTS), nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite (CTS+nHAP), and amine group (NH2) modified nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite (CTS+nHAP-NH2) scaffolds - were synthesized for bone tissue engineering (BTE) purposes. As results of the study, it was found that all scaffold types were biodegradable with CTS and CTS+nHAP scaffolds losing up to 15% of their initial weight, while the CTS+nHAP-NH2scaffold showing 10% of weight loss after six weeks of lysozyme treatment. In addition, all three types of scaffolds were shown to be biocompatible, and amongst them CTS+nHAP-NH2scaffolds supported the most cell proliferation in WST-1 assay and expressed the least and acceptable level of cytotoxicity in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test for human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Finally, during osteoinductivity assessment, CTS+nHAP-NH2nearly tripled initial alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity when whereas both CTS and CTS+nHAP scaffolds only doubled. These results indicate that all synthesized scaffold types under investigation have certain potential to be used in bone tissue engineering approaches with CTS+nHAP-NH2scaffold being the most promising and applicable one. In the future, we plan to intensify our studies on osteogenic differentiation on our scaffolds on a detailed molecular level and to include in vivo studies for pre-clinical purposes.
Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih University, 34500, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey.
Besir Hakan
BH
Atak
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Fatih University, 34500, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey.
Berna
B
Buyuk
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Fatih University, B. Cekmece, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey.
Merve
M
Huysal
Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih University, 34500, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: isiksevim@fatih.edu.tr.
Sevim
S
Isik
Biotechnology Research Lab, EMC Technology Inc, ARGEM Building, Technocity, Avcılar, Istanbul, 34320, Turkey. Electronic address: msenel81@gmail.com.
Mehmet
M
Senel
Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Building 57, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
Wolfgang
W
Metzger
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Bezmialem Vakıf University, Turkey.
Guven
G
Cetin
D000588:Amines; D001842:Bone and Bones; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D000588:Amines; D048271:Chitosan; D017886:Durapatite
Chitosan; Human mesenchymal stem cells; Hydroxyapatite; Osteogenic differentiation; Scaffold