A Combination of Flaxseed Oil and Astaxanthin Improves Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Reduces Oxidative Stress in High Fat-Diet Fed Rats.
Hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress are crucial pathophysiological mechanisms for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, we examined the effect of a combination of flaxseed oil (FO) and astaxanthin (ASX) on hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fat diet. ASX was dissolved in flaxseed oil (1 g/kg; FO + ASX). Animals were fed diets containing 20% fat, where the source was lard, or 75% lard and 25% FO + ASX, or 50% lard and 50% FO + ASX, or FO + ASX, for 10 weeks. Substitution of lard with FO + ASX reduced steatosis and reduced hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol. The combination of FO and ASX significantly decreased hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase but increased peroxisome proliferator activated receptor expression. FO + ASX significantly suppressed fatty acid synthase and acetyl CoA carboxylase but induced carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 and acyl CoA oxidase expression. FO + ASX also significantly elevated hepatic SOD, CAT and GPx activity and GSH, and markedly reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation. Thus, FO and ASX may reduce NAFLD by reversing hepatic steatosis and reducing lipid accumulation and oxidative stress.
Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. xujiqu@foxmail.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. xujiqu@foxmail.com.|Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. xujiqu@foxmail.com.
Jiqu
J
Xu
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2, Huangjiahu Road, Wuhan 430065, China. shuang_rong@yeah.net.
Shuang
S
Rong
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China. gaohuitj@yeah.net.
Hui
H
Gao
Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang 443000, China. chenchang1976@163.com.|Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang 443000, China. chenchang1976@163.com.
Chang
C
Chen
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China. yangw1983@foxmail.com.
Wei
W
Yang
Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. qchun2@126.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. qchun2@126.com.|Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. qchun2@126.com.
Qianchun
Q
Deng
Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. viperson1973@163.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. viperson1973@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. viperson1973@163.com.
Qingde
Q
Huang
Functional Oil Laboratory Associated by Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Infinite (China) Co., LTD., 66 Jianzhong Road, Guangzhou 510665, China. Xiaolingyun12@126.com.
Lingyun
L
Xiao
Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. fhhuang@foxmail.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. fhhuang@foxmail.com.|Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. fhhuang@foxmail.com.
Fenghong
F
Huang
D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004041:Dietary Fats; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000008:administration & dosage
D004041:Dietary Fats; D047495:PPAR gamma; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014280:Triglycerides; D024341:Xanthophylls; D008043:Linseed Oil; C005948:astaxanthine; D002784:Cholesterol; C054373:HMG-coenzyme A reductase activator protein, rat; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; C029310:lard
astaxanthin; flaxseed oil; high fat diet; lipid accumulation; oxidant stress