Systematic review of cross-cultural adaptations of hip-specific patient-reported outcome measures in Spanish.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the quality of the transcultural adaptation procedure and the clinimetric properties of the self-administered hip-disability functional assessment questionnaires adapted for the Spanish population.


METHODS
We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science databases (from inception until June 2016) to locate all the scales adapted to Spanish and to analyze the different phases of the adaptation process and its psychometric properties.


RESULTS
Eight scales were identified, and were grouped into three sections, according to the type of diseases in which they can be used: a) lower limb: Lower Limb Functional Index (LLFI), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Arthrosis of Membres Inférieurs et Qualité de vie (AMICAL); b) knee and/or hip: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) index, Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (OAKHQOL) and Hip and Knee Questionnaire (HKQ); and c) specific for hip: Hip Outcome Score (HOS) and International Hip Outcome Tool-33 (iHOT-33). The transcultural adaptation procedure was satisfactory in all cases, albeit somewhat less rigorous for the HKQ and LLFI than for the remaining questionnaires. No study evaluated all the psychometric properties.


CONCLUSIONS
We currently have 8 hip-disability functional assessment questionnaires adapted to Spanish with satisfactory psychometric properties. We can measure the patient's perceived impact of his or her hip disease by selecting, among the different options, those alternatives that best fit our clinical or research objectives.
Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, España. Electronic address: saragova@gmail.com.
Sara
S
Gómez-Valero
Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, España; Departamento de Terapia Física, Terapia Ocupacional, Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, España.
Fernando
F
García-Pérez
Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, España; Departamento de Terapia Física, Terapia Ocupacional, Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, España.
Mariano Tomás
MT
Flórez-García
Departamento de Terapia Física, Terapia Ocupacional, Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, España.
Juan Carlos
JC
Miangolarra-Page
D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006615:Hip / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D000071066:Patient Reported Outcome Measures; D011594:Psychometrics; D013030:Spain; D014177:Translations
Adaptación transcultural; Cadera; Cross-cultural adaptation; Cuestionario; Evaluación de resultados; Evaluation of results; Hip; Questionnaire; Spanish version; Versión española