Lymphocyte-rich capillary-cavernous hemangioma of the mitral valve: a case report and review of the literature.
Valvular hemangioma incidence is extremely low. In this report, we describe a 62-year-old man who presented with mild edema of the lower limbs. An echocardiogram revealed an incidental 1.3-cm diameter mass on the anterior mitral valve leaflet for which he underwent surgical resection and mitral valve replacement. Histopathological examination showed a lymphocyte-rich capillary-cavernous hemangioma. The exuberant lymphoid stroma is unusual for hemangioma and represents an undescribed pattern of cardiac hemangioma. Including the present report, only 13 cases of mitral valve hemangioma have been reported to date. Most patients are adult. Mitral hemangioma originates in the atrial aspect of the valve and involves more commonly the anterior leaflet. The average maximum diameter of the lesion is 1.7 (S.D.=0.75) cm. Pure cavernous hemangioma is the predominant type of mitral hemangioma. Most of them are described as pedunculated or polypoid. Surgical excision appears to be curative. Recurrences have not been reported. Lymphocyte-rich cardiac hemangioma represents a peculiar type of hemangioma which should be included in the differential diagnosis of other vascular lesions.
Pathology Unit, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. Electronic address: apavbj@humv.es.
J Fernando
JF
Val-Bernal
Anatomical Pathology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Medical faculty, University of Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Nuria
N
Terán-Villagrá
Anatomical Pathology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Medical faculty, University of Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Olga
O
García-Diego
Cardiovascular Surgey Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Medical faculty, University of Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
José A
JA
Sarralde
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D004452:Echocardiography; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D033162:Incidental Findings; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
Benign tumor; Hemangioma; Lymphocyte rich; Mitral valve