Ocular Manifestations in Children with Juvenile-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
OBJECTIVE
To study the ocular manifestations of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), including the ocular side-effects of the systemic medications used.


METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study on 40 children diagnosed with JSLE was conducted. Ophthalmological and laboratory investigations as well as a calculation of the Systemic Lupus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) were performed.


RESULTS
Forty consecutive children, 32 females and 8 males, with JSLE were examined. Their mean age was 13±2.8 years and the mean SLEDAI-2K was 4.3±3.1. An abnormal Schirmer test was found in 16 patients (40%), retinal vascular changes were found in seven patients (17.5%), and one patient (2.5%) had faint posterior subcapsular cataract.


CONCLUSIONS
Serious sight-threatening complications were not detected in our study; dry eye was the most common ocular finding, and the detected retinopathy was related to systemic hypertension and could not be correlated to either disease activity or duration.
a Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University Kasr Alainy , Cairo , Egypt.
Ghada
G
Gawdat
a Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University Kasr Alainy , Cairo , Egypt.
Dina
D
El-Fayoumi
b Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University Kasr Alainy , Cairo , Egypt.
Huda
H
Marzouk
b Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University Kasr Alainy , Cairo , Egypt.
Yomna
Y
Farag
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014792:Visual Acuity
Disease activity index; JSLE; dry eye; ocular manifestations; retinopathy