Adverse Events in Cancer Immunotherapy.
Cancer immunotherapy has resulted in durable responses in patients with metastatic disease, unseen with traditional chemotherapy. Several therapies have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of various cancers, including: immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines - interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon alpha (IFN), and the cancer vaccine sipuleucel-T. These therapies upregulate the immune system to enhance antitumor responses. As a consequence, they can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events that can affect one or more organs, can be serious, and on occasion lifethreatening. The management of these adverse events is complex, and requires a multidisciplinary approach involving not only oncologists, but also other internal medicine specialists, to ensure prompt diagnosis and optimal management of these complications.
Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.|Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Noha
N
Abdel-Wahab
Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Anas
A
Alshawa
Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. msalmazor@mdanderson.org.
Maria E
ME
Suarez-Almazor
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D061214:Patient Safety; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019496:Cancer Vaccines
Cancer immunotherapy; Cancer vaccine; Cytokines; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immune-related adverse events