Signaling pathways involved in metal-based nanomaterial toxicity towards aquatic organisms.
Environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is an emergent field since nanotechnology industry is rapidly growing due to the interesting physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. Metal-based nanomaterials are among the most rapidly commercialized materials and their toxicity towards aquatic animals has been investigated at different levels of the biological organization. The objective of this synthesis review is to give an overview of the signaling molecules that have a key role in metal-based NM mediated cytotoxicity in both marine and freshwater organisms. Since toxicity of metal-based NMs could be (partly) due to metal dissolution, this review only highlights studies that showed a specific nano-effect. From this bibliographic study, three mechanisms (detoxification, immunomodulation and genotoxicity) have been selected as they represent the major cell defense mechanisms and the most studied ones following ENM exposure. This better understanding of NM-mediated cytotoxicity may provide a sound basis for designing environmentally safer nanomaterials.
Université Catholique de l'Ouest, UBL, MMS EA 2160, 3 Place André Leroy, 49000 Angers, France. Electronic address: amelie.chatel@uco.fr.
Amélie
A
Châtel
Université Catholique de l'Ouest, UBL, MMS EA 2160, 3 Place André Leroy, 49000 Angers, France.
Catherine
C
Mouneyrac
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005618:Fresh Water; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D012623:Seawater; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity; D066007:Toxicokinetics; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity
D009153:Mutagens; D013723:Teratogens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015262:Xenobiotics
Apoptosis; Cell signaling; Genotoxicity; Immune system; Nanoparticle; Oxidative stress