Exercise increases lactoferrin, but decreases lysozyme in salivary granulocytes.
BACKGROUND
Intracellular lactoferrin (Lac) and lysozyme (Lys) content play an important role in regulating inflammation and promoting host protection. While exercise has demonstrated an increase in Lac and Lys concentration in exocrine solutions, little is known regarding intracellular concentration changes in response to exercise.


OBJECTIVE
To quantify intracellular Lac and Lys concentration before and after exercise in salivary CD45+CD15+cells.


METHODS
11 males (20.3 ± 0.8 years, 57.2 ± 7.6 mL/kg/min V̇O2pk, 11.1 ± 3.9% body fat) ran for 45 min at 75% of VO2pk. 12 mL of stimulated saliva were collected pre and immediately post exercise. Saliva was filtered through a 30-µm filter before analysis of leukocytes (CD45+) and granulocytes (CD45+CD15+) using flow cytometry.


RESULTS
Median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of Lac increased from pre (64,268 ± 46,036 MFI) to post (117,134 ± 88,115 MFI) exercise (p <0.05). Lys MFI decreased with exercise (pre: 16,933 ± 8249; post: 11,616 ± 6875) (p <0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Acute running resulted in an increased Lac concentration which could lead to a decrease in inflammation, adding further evidence of the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. Conversely, the exercise-associated decrease of intracellular Lys content could be the cause of increased Lys in exocrine solutions.
Department of Kinesiology, California Baptist University, 8432 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92504, USA. tgillum@calbaptist.edu.
Trevor
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-2353
T
Gillum
Department of Exercise Science, Highpoint University, High Point, NC, 27268, USA.
Matthew
M
Kuennen
Department of Kinesiology, California Baptist University, 8432 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92504, USA.
Zachary
Z
McKenna
Department of Kinesiology, California Baptist University, 8432 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92504, USA.
Micaela
M
Castillo
Department of Kinesiology, California Baptist University, 8432 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92504, USA.
Alex
A
Jordan-Patterson
Department of Kinesiology, California Baptist University, 8432 Magnolia Ave., Riverside, CA, 92504, USA.
Caitlin
C
Bohnert
D015444:Exercise; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D016256:Lewis X Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D009113:Muramidase; D007781:Lactoferrin
Antimicrobial protein; CD45+CD15+; Immune; Upper respiratory syndrome