Thyroid Hormones, Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components.
Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of various metabolic parameters, which include diabetes, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, abdominal obesity, and hypertension. It has merged as a worldwide epidemic and a major public health care concern. However, due to the different criteria used for the assessment, the frequency of metabolic syndrome in the general population is variable but it is more common in the older people. Metabolic syndrome is closely linked to cardiovascular risk and increases cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality. Recent evidences showed that alterations of the thyroid function could have an impact on the components of the metabolic syndrome, suggesting that thyroid hormones have a variety of effects on energy homeostasis, lipid and glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. In this review, we summarize available data on the action of thyroid hormone on the components of metabolic syndrome.
Clinica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Alessandro P
AP
Delitala
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari - Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Fanciulli
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari - Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Giovanni M
GM
Pes
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari - Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.|Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.|National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems at the Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola - Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Margherita
M
Maioli
Center for developmental biology and reprogramming - CEDEBIOR, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Delitala
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*
D013963:Thyroid Hormones
Metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular risk; obesity; subclinical hypothyroidism; thyroid hormone