Astragaloside IV Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Through Down-Regulating Cytokines, CCR5 and p-ERK, and Elevating Anti-Oxidative Ability.
BACKGROUND Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been shown to prevent ischemia-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rat models of ischemia and reperfusion. However, the effects of AS-IV on AKI during sepsis and endotoxinemia is unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of AS-IV on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult male CD-1 mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=8/group): control group: mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with normal saline; LPS group (10 mg/kg, i.p.); low-dose AS-IV (25 mg/kg; gavage for 7 days) + LPS (i.p., 1 hour after last gavage) group; medial-dose AS-IV (50 mg/kg) + LPS group; high-dose AS-IV (100 mg/kg) + LPS group; high-dose AS-IV alone (100 mg/kg; gavage for 7 days) group. Blood samples were collected at 24 hours after LPS injection, and plasma uric acid and BUN were measured with colorimetric detection kits. The concentration of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin 1β, renal p-extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and urinary albumin were evaluated by ELISA. The expression of CCR5 in renal tissue was evaluated by PCR and Western blotting. Concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal tissue were also measured. RESULTS AS-IV decreased LPS-stimulated production of blood TNF-α and IL-6, LPS-induced the expression of CCR5, and activation of ERK in the kidneys in a rodent model of endotoxinemia. AS-IV attenuated LPS-caused decreased GSH and increased ROS. It also attenuated LPS-induced increases in plasma uric acid, BUN, and urinary albumin. CONCLUSIONS AS-IV protects against AKI during bacterial endotoxinemia by attenuating expression of cytokines, CCR5, and p-ERK, and elevating anti-oxidative ability.
Department of Emergency, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
Wei
W
Zhou
Department of Emergency, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
Yi
Y
Chen
Department of Emergency, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
Xingyu
X
Zhang
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D012503:Saponins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
C000592874:CCR5 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C052064:astragaloside A; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases