Case Study of Somaclonal Variation in Resistance GenesMloandPme3in Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimumL.) Induced by Nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles influence on genome is investigated worldwide. The appearance of somaclonal variation is a cause of great concern for any micropropagation system. Somaclonal variation describes the tissue-culture-induced phenotypic and genotypic variations. This paper shows the results of somaclonal variation in two resistance genes pectin methylesterase and Mlo-like protein in all tissue culture development stages, as donor plant, calluses, and regenerants ofLinum usitatissimuminduced by gold and silver nanoparticles. In this paper, it was essential to obtain DNA material from all tissue culture development stages from one donor plant to record changes in each nucleotide sequence. Gene region specific primers were developed for resistance genes such asMloandPme3to define the genetic variability in tissue culture ofL. usitatissimum. In recent years, utilization of gold and silver nanoparticles in tissue culture is increased and the mechanisms of changes in genome induced by nanoparticles still remain unclear. Obtained data show the somaclonal variation increase in calluses obtained from one donor plant and grown on medium supplemented by gold nanoparticles (Mlo14.68 ± 0.98;Pme32.07 ± 0.87) or silver nanoparticles (Mlo12.01 ± 0.43;Pme310.04 ± 0.46) and decrease in regenerants. Morphological parameters of calluses showed a number of differences between each investigated culture group.
Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, Parades Street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Inese
I
Kokina
Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, Parades Street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Ilona
0000-0002-4124-4699
I
Mickeviča
Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, Parades Street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Marija
M
Jermaļonoka
Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, Parades Street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Linda
L
Bankovska
Department of Technology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, G. Liberts' Center of Innovative Microscopy, Parades street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Vjačeslavs
V
Gerbreders
Department of Technology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, G. Liberts' Center of Innovative Microscopy, Parades street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Andrejs
A
Ogurcovs
Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, Parades Street 1A, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia.
Inese
I
Jahundoviča