Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium.
To examine the association between a healthy diet, assessed by the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and cognitive decline in older adults.



Data from 21,837 participants aged ≥55 years from 3 cohorts (Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action [SENECA], Rotterdam Study [RS], Nurses' Health Study [NHS]) were analyzed. HDI scores were based on intakes of saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, mono- and disaccharides, protein, cholesterol, fruits and vegetables, and fiber. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status in NHS and Mini-Mental State Examination in RS and SENECA were used to assess cognitive function from multiple repeated measures. Using multivariable-adjusted, mixed linear regression, mean differences in annual rates of cognitive decline by HDI quintiles were estimated.



Multivariable-adjusted differences in rates in the highest versus the lowest HDI quintile were 0.01 (95% CI -0.01, 0.02) in NHS, 0.00 (95% CI -0.02, 0.01) in RS, and 0.00 (95% CI -0.05, 0.05) in SENECA with a pooled estimate of 0.00 (95% CI -0.01, 0.01), I2 = 0%.



A higher HDI score was not related to reduced rates of cognitive decline in European and American older adults.
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University &amp; Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Agnes A M
AA
Berendsen
Jae H
JH
Kang
Ondine
O
van de Rest
Nicole
N
Jankovic
Ellen
E
Kampman
Jessica C
JC
Kiefte-de Jong
Oscar H
OH
Franco
M Arfan
MA
Ikram
Hynek
H
Pikhart
Lena Maria
LM
Nilsson
Hermann
H
Brenner
Paolo
P
Boffetta
Snorri Bjorn
SB
Rafnsson
Deborah
D
Gustafson
Andreas
A
Kyrozis
Antonia
A
Trichopoulou
Edith J M
EJ
Feskens
Francine
F
Grodstein
Lisette C P G M
LC
de Groot
D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D000072001:Diet, Healthy / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged