A Flexible 360-Degree Thermal Sound Source Based on Laser Induced Graphene.
A flexible sound source is essential in a whole flexible system. It's hard to integrate a conventional sound source based on a piezoelectric part into a whole flexible system. Moreover, the sound pressure from the back side of a sound source is usually weaker than that from the front side. With the help of direct laser writing (DLW) technology, the fabrication of a flexible 360-degree thermal sound source becomes possible. A 650-nm low-power laser was used to reduce the graphene oxide (GO). The stripped laser induced graphene thermal sound source was then attached to the surface of a cylindrical bottle so that it could emit sound in a 360-degree direction. The sound pressure level and directivity of the sound source were tested, and the results were in good agreement with the theoretical results. Because of its 360-degree sound field, high flexibility, high efficiency, low cost, and good reliability, the 360-degree thermal acoustic sound source will be widely applied in consumer electronics, multi-media systems, and ultrasonic detection and imaging.
Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China. taoluqi@126.com.|Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. taoluqi@126.com.
Lu-Qi
LQ
Tao
Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China. liuying_ly10@126.com.|Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. liuying_ly10@126.com.
Ying
Y
Liu
Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China. juzhy3rd@163.com.|Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. juzhy3rd@163.com.
Zhen-Yi
ZY
Ju
Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. tianhe8832@163.com.
He
H
Tian
Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China. cheney_xie@126.com.|Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. cheney_xie@126.com.
Qian-Yi
QY
Xie
Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China. yiyang@tsinghua.edu.cn.|Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. yiyang@tsinghua.edu.cn.
Yi
Y
Yang
Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China. rentl@tsinghua.edu.cn.|Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. rentl@tsinghua.edu.cn.
Tian-Ling
TL
Ren
360-degree sound source; direct laser writing; graphene oxide; laser induced graphene