Surgical rehabilitation for anophthalmic sockets devoid of orbital implant.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the necessity of rehabilitative surgical procedures for no implant anophthalmic sockets, and predictive factors of corrective operations after secondary orbital implantation.


METHODS
Nineteen unilateral anophthalmic patients without orbital implant were included. The distance of eyebrow, upper eyelid margin, and lower eyelid margin from the horizontal medial canthal line (BM, UM, and LM, respectively) was measured using photographs. The anophthalmic orbit anatomy was compared with that of the healthy side using CT scans.


RESULTS
Five (26.3%) patients showed satisfactory results with the secondary implantation alone. Fourteen (74%) patients needed additional surgeries for ptosis, shallow inferior fornix, enophthalmos, or lower eyelid malposition. Separated superior muscle complex and prominent intermuscular septum connecting the levator and the lateral rectus muscles were noticeable in CT scans. Predictive factors for ptosis surgery included longer BM (p = 0.04), shorter distance from the superior orbital wall to the upper margin of the prosthesis (p < 0.01), and a longer height of the prosthesis (p = 0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
Most patients needed multiple operations after secondary implantation for rehabilitation. Additional ptosis operation may be required for patients with a high brow on the anophthalmic side, a vertically long prosthesis, and an impinged prosthesis against the superior orbital wall.
Department of Ophthalmology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Doo-Ri
DR
Eo
Department of Ophthalmology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Yoon-Duck
YD
Kim
Department of Ophthalmology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: eyeminded@skku.edu.
Kyung In
KI
Woo
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005137:Eye, Artificial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010781:Photography; D012086:Reoperation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
Anophthalmic ptosis; Anophthalmic socket; Anophthalmos