Reproductive Disorders in Snakes.
Reproduction of snakes is one of the challenging aspects of herpetology medicine. Due to the complexity of reproduction, several disorders may present before, during, or after this process. This article describes the physical examination, and radiographic, ultrasonographic, and endoscopic findings associated with reproductive disorders in snakes. Surgical techniques used to resolve reproductive disorders in snakes are described. Finally, common reproductive disorders in snakes are individually discussed.
Clinica per Animali Esotici, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome 00137, Italy.
Nicola
N
Di Girolamo
Clinica per Animali Esotici, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome 00137, Italy. Electronic address: paolsell@gmail.com.
Paolo
P
Selleri
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010058:Oviposition; D011247:Pregnancy; D012911:Snakes / Q000502:physiology*; D013737:Testis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D052286:Viviparity, Nonmammalian
Dystocia; Ophidians; Reptiles; Squamate; Surgery