Biological evaluation of 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, an extrolite produced by Aspergillus nidulans strain KZR-132.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to purify and characterize a bioactive compound from Aspergillus nidulans strain KZR-132 and its biological evaluation.


RESULTS
A bioactive extolite was purified from A. nidulans strain KZR-132, and its chemical structure was elucidated as 3-hydroxylbenzyl alcohol (3-HBA) based on1H and13C NMR, FT-IR and mass spectroscopic analysis. The antimicrobial efficacy of 3-HBA was established against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and different Candida strains. It also showed promising antibiofilm activity against various tested microbial strains. Reactive oxygen species induced by 3-HBA treatment on different Candida strains killed most of the cells and showed necrotic effect. It also exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.


CONCLUSIONS
This bioactive extrolite produced by A. nidulans isolated from a niche habitat was demonstrated to possess significant biotechnological and pharmacological potential since it exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities which are reported for the first time.


CONCLUSIONS
The overall study demonstrates that 3-HBA produced by A. nidulansKZR-132 is a promising bioactive metabolite and possibly can function as a pharmacologically suitable broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug candidate against various dreaded human-related bacterial and fungal pathogens.
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
C Ganesh
CG
Kumar
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.|Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
P
P
Mongolla
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
S
S
Pombala
Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
S
S
Bandi
Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
K S
KS
Babu
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
K V S
KVS
Ramakrishna
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; C011276:3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol

Aspergillus nidulans
; antibiofilm; antimicrobial; extrolites; immunomodulatory