Chicken Egg Yolk Antibodies (IgY) for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Human and Animal Neonates: A Concise Review.
The rotavirus-induced diarrhea of human and animal neonates is a major public health concern worldwide. Until recently, no effective therapy is available to specifically inactivate the rotavirion particles within the gut. Passive immunotherapy by oral administration of chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) has emerged of late as a fresh alternative strategy to control infectious diseases of the alimentary tract and has been applied in the treatment of diarrhea due to rotavirus infection. The purpose of this concise review is to evaluate evidence on the properties and performance of anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin Y (IgY) for prevention and treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in human and animal neonates. A survey of relevant anti-rotavirus IgY basic studies and clinical trials among neonatal animals (since 1994-2015) and humans (since 1982-2015) have been reviewed and briefly summarized. Our analysis of a number of rotavirus investigations involving animal and human clinical trials revealed that anti-rotavirus IgY significantly reduced the severity of clinical manifestation of diarrhea among IgY-treated subjects relative to a corresponding control or placebo group. The accumulated information as a whole depicts oral IgY to be a safe and efficacious option for treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in neonates. There is however a clear need for more randomized, placebo controlled and double-blind trials with bigger sample size to further solidify and confirm claims of efficacy and safety in controlling diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection especially among human infants with health issues such as low birth weights or compromised immunity in whom it is most needed.
Department of Medical Research, No. 5, Ziwaka road, Dagon township, P.O. 11191, Yangon, Myanmar.
Hlaing Myat
HM
Thu
Department of Medical Research, No. 5, Ziwaka road, Dagon township, P.O. 11191, Yangon, Myanmar.
Theingi Win
TW
Myat
Department of Medical Research, No. 5, Ziwaka road, Dagon township, P.O. 11191, Yangon, Myanmar.
Mo Mo
MM
Win
Department of Medical Research, No. 5, Ziwaka road, Dagon township, P.O. 11191, Yangon, Myanmar.
Kyaw Zin
KZ
Thant
Immunology Research Institute in Gifu, EW Nutrition Japan, 839-7 Sano, Gifu 501-1101, Japan.
Shofiqur
S
Rahman
Immunology Research Institute in Gifu, EW Nutrition Japan, 839-7 Sano, Gifu 501-1101, Japan.
Kouji
K
Umeda
Immunology Research Institute in Gifu, EW Nutrition Japan, 839-7 Sano, Gifu 501-1101, Japan.
Sa Van
SV
Nguyen
Immunology Research Institute in Gifu, EW Nutrition Japan, 839-7 Sano, Gifu 501-1101, Japan.
Faustino C
FC
Icatlo
Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
Kyoko
K
Higo-Moriguchi
Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
Koki
K
Taniguchi
Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
Takao
T
Tsuji
Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Keiji
K
Oguma
Dairy Team, Lotte R&D Center, 30 Seonyu-ro 9-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Sang Jong
SJ
Kim
Dairy Team, Lotte R&D Center, 30 Seonyu-ro 9-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Hyun Suk
HS
Bae
BK bio, #2706-38, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 63359, Korea.
Hyuk Joon
HJ
Choi
IgY; Rotavirus; diarrhea disease; neonates; oral passive immunotherapy