Silicone-induced granuloma of breast implant capsule (SIGBIC): similarities and differences with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and their differential diagnosis.
Primary breast lymphoma is a rare disease and accounts for 0.5% of cases of breast cancer. Most primary breast lymphomas develop from B cells, and the involvement of T cells is rare. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a recently discovered T-cell lymphoma associated with breast implants. Only a few cases have been reported to date. It is believed that the incidence of ALCL is increasing because of the increasing number of breast implants. The clinical presentation is variable and can manifest as a palpable mass in the breast or armpit, breast pain, or capsular contracture. Because of the rarity of the disease and the lack of knowledge to date, clinical diagnosis is often delayed, with consequent delays in treatment. The cause and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated, and there are no evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, or follow-up of this disease. We present a review of cases of patients with silicone breast implants, including ALCL, a rare type of breast cancer that is still under study, and silicone-induced granuloma of breast implant capsule and its differential diagnosis, and discuss if a silicone-induced granuloma of breast implant capsule could be the precursor of the disease.
Radiology Department, IBCC - Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer.
Eduardo de Faria Castro
EF
Fleury
Radiology Department, IBCC - Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer.
Milena Morais
MM
Rêgo
Radiology Department, IBCC - Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer.
Luciana Costa
LC
Ramalho
Radiology Department, IBCC - Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer.
Veronica Jorge
VJ
Ayres
Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rodrigo Oliveira
RO
Seleti
Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Carlos Alberto Pecci
CA
Ferreira
Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Decio
D
Roveda
breast cancer; granuloma; implant; lymphoma