Electrochemical determination of closantel in the commercial formulation by square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry.
In this paper, the square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetric (SWAdSV) determination of the veterinary drug closantel using a renewable silver amalgam film electrode (Hg(Ag)FE) is presented. As observed in SWAdSV, closantel provided one well-shaped reduction peak suitable for analytical purposes at potential ca. -1.4 V in the Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer at pH 7.0. At optimal conditions, the SWAdSV response of Hg(Ag)FE for determining closantel was linear over two concentration ranges of 5.0 × 10-8to 2.0 × 10-7mol dm-3and 2.0 × 10-7to 1.2 × 10-6mol dm-3with a detection limit of 1.1 × 10-8mol dm-3. In addition, a relevance of the developed SWAdSV method was successfully verified by the quantitative analysis of closantel in the commercial formulation Closamectin Pour-On with satisfactory results (RSD = 5.8%, recovery = 101.8%). The results showed that the developed procedure can be adequate for screening purposes. Also, the electrochemical behavior of closantel was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, and it was found that closantel exhibited a quasi-reversible behavior with cathodic peak on the forward scan at ca. -1.4 V and anodic peak on the reverse scan at ca. -1.35 V vs. Ag/AgCl in B-R buffer, pH 7.0. As the obtained results showed that the electrode mechanism of closantel is controlled by the adsorption, the effect of adsorption was studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique.
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
Mariola
0000-0003-3031-5014
M
Brycht
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Skłodowska-Curie University, M. Skłodowska-Curie sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Agnieszka
A
Nosal-Wiercińska
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
Karolina
K
Sipa
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
Konrad
K
Rudnicki
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
Sławomira
S
Skrzypek
Adsorption; Drug research; Electrochemistry; Reductions; Renewable silver amalgam film electrode; Voltammetry