White blood cell counts, insulin resistance, vitamin D levels and sarcopenia in Korean elderly men.
Sarcopenia is a major determinant of frailty, disability and mortality in the elderly. Whether low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and vitamin D are independently associated with sarcopenia remains unclear. In our study, sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by height squared (ASM/Ht2) that was <2 SD below the normal means for young adults. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index [(insulin (IU/mL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/18)/22.5]. Data of white blood cell counts and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D) levels were collected in the second and third year (2008-2009) of Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). The results showed that the prevalence of sarcopenia in Korean elderly men aged more than 65 years was 11.2%. ASM/Ht2were positively associated with vitamin D levels, but negatively associated with white blood cell counts and HOMA-IR by multiple regression analysis. After adjustment for covariables, sarcopenia was associated with the highest quartile of WBC counts (OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.21-7.14) and the highest quartile of serum vitamin D levels (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15-0.95). In conclusion, the study findings suggest that higher WBC counts and lower vitamin D levels are independently associated with the presence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling elderly men. They also provide a basis for further studies of the complex immune-endocrine network in sarcopenia.
a Dong Seoul Geriatric Hospital, Institute for Geriatric Medicine , Changwon , Kyungsangnam-do , Republic of Korea.
Sang-Hwan
SH
Kim
b SU Yonsei eye clinic , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
Hyun Seok
HS
Kwon
c Department of Family Medicine , Institute for Translational & Clinical Research, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine , Incheon , Republic of Korea.|d Institute for Translational & Clinical Research, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine , Incheon , Republic of Korea.
Hee-Jin
HJ
Hwang
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
Aged; insulin resistance; leukocytes; sarcopenia; vitamin D