Combined Effects of Curcumin and Lycopene or Bixin in Yoghurt on Inhibition of LDL Oxidation and Increases in HDL and Paraoxonase Levels in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats.
Combination therapy using natural antioxidants to manage diabetes mellitus and its complications is an emerging trend. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes promoted by treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats with yoghurt enriched with the bioactives curcumin, lycopene, or bixin (the latter two being carotenoids). Antioxidants were administered individually, or as mixtures, and biomarkers of metabolic and oxidative disturbances, particularly those associated with cardiovascular risk, were assessed. Treatment of STZ-diabetic rats with natural products individually decreased glycemia, triacylglycerol, total-cholesterol, oxidative stress biomarkers, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Individual carotenoids increased both high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and paraoxonase levels, whereas curcumin increased only paraoxonase. Treatments with mixtures of curcumin and lycopene or bixin had combined effects, decreasing biomarkers of carbohydrate and lipid disturbances (curcumin effect), increasing the HDL levels (carotenoids effects) and mitigating oxidative stress (curcumin and carotenoids effects). The combined effects also led to prevention of the LDL oxidation, thereby mitigating the cardiovascular risk in diabetes. These findings provide evidence for the beneficial effect of curcumin and carotenoid mixtures as a supplementation having antioxidant and antiatherogenic potentials, thus appearing as an interesting strategy to be studied as a complementary therapy for diabetic complications.
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. renatapires_17@hotmail.com.
Renata Pires
RP
Assis
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. carlos_arcaro@hotmail.com.
Carlos Alberto
CA
Arcaro
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. vania_orteg@hotmail.com.
Vânia Ortega
VO
Gutierres
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. juoriel@hotmail.com.
Juliana Oriel
JO
Oliveira
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. costapi@fcfar.unesp.br.
Paulo Inácio
PI
Costa
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. baviera@fcfar.unesp.br.
Amanda Martins
AM
Baviera
Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil. brunetti@fcfar.unesp.br.
Iguatemy Lourenço
IL
Brunetti
D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004357:Drug Synergism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015014:Yogurt
D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D002338:Carotenoids; C004588:bixin; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; D003474:Curcumin; D000077276:Lycopene
bixin; cardiovascular risk; curcumin; diabetes mellitus; lycopene; oxidative stress