The Role of the Beetle Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Mango Wilt.
The knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics of pathogens and their vectors is an important step in determining the pathogen dispersion pattern and the role of vectors in disease dynamics. However, in the case of mango wilt little is known about its spatiotemporal dynamics and the relationship of its vector [the beetle Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Stebbing 1914)] to these dynamics. The aim of this work was to determine the spatial-seasonal dynamic of H. mangiferae attacks and mango wilt in mango orchards and to verify the importance of H. mangiferae in the spatiotemporal dynamics of the disease. Two mango orchards were monitored during a period of 3 yr. The plants in these orchards were georeferenced and inspected monthly to quantify the number of plants attacked by beetles and the fungus. In these orchards, the percentage of mango trees attacked by beetles was always higher than the percentage infected by the fungus. The colonization of mango trees by beetles and the fungus occurred by colonization of trees both distant and proximal to previously attacked trees. The new plants attacked by the fungus emerged in places where the beetles had previously begun their attack. This phenomenon led to a large overlap in sites of beetle and fungal occurrence, indicating that establishment by the beetle was followed by establishment by the fungus. This information can be used by farmers to predict disease infection, and to control bark beetle infestation in mango orchards.
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Ave., Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil ( tarcsilva@gmail.com ; daltonferreira.ufv@gmail.com ; santanapsj@gmail.com ; lucas.arcanjoufv@gmail.com ; eleniraparecidaqueiroz@gmail.com ; picanco@ufv.br ).|Corresponding author, e-mail: tarcsilva@gmail.com.
Tarcísio Visintin da Silva
TVDS
Galdino
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Ave., Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil (tarcsilva@gmail.com; daltonferreira.ufv@gmail.com; santanapsj@gmail.com; lucas.arcanjoufv@gmail.com; eleniraparecidaqueiroz@gmail.com; picanco@ufv.br).
Dalton de Oliveira
DO
Ferreira
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Ave., Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil (tarcsilva@gmail.com; daltonferreira.ufv@gmail.com; santanapsj@gmail.com; lucas.arcanjoufv@gmail.com; eleniraparecidaqueiroz@gmail.com; picanco@ufv.br).
Paulo Antônio
PA
Santana Júnior
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Ave., Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil (tarcsilva@gmail.com; daltonferreira.ufv@gmail.com; santanapsj@gmail.com; lucas.arcanjoufv@gmail.com; eleniraparecidaqueiroz@gmail.com; picanco@ufv.br).
Lucas de Paulo
LP
Arcanjo
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Ave., Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil (tarcsilva@gmail.com; daltonferreira.ufv@gmail.com; santanapsj@gmail.com; lucas.arcanjoufv@gmail.com; eleniraparecidaqueiroz@gmail.com; picanco@ufv.br).
Elenir Aparecida
EA
Queiroz
Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), PO Box 66, Gurupi, State of Tocantins, Brazil (rsarmento@uft.edu.br).
Renato Almeida
RA
Sarmento
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Ave., Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil (tarcsilva@gmail.com; daltonferreira.ufv@gmail.com; santanapsj@gmail.com; lucas.arcanjoufv@gmail.com; eleniraparecidaqueiroz@gmail.com; picanco@ufv.br).
Marcelo Coutinho
MC
Picanço
D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000502:physiology*; D001938:Brazil; D031022:Mangifera / Q000382:microbiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D048889:Weevils / Q000382:microbiology*
Ceratocystis fimbriata; geostatistics; mango bark beetle