Bioremediation of soil contaminated crude oil byAgaricomycetes.
BACKGROUND
One of the most important environmental problems is the decontamination of petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soil, particularly in the oil-rich country. Bioremediation is the most effective way to remove these pollutants in the soil. Spent mushroom compost has great ability to decompose lignin-like pollution. The purpose of this study was the bioremediation of soil contaminated with crude oil by anAgaricomycetes.


METHODS
Soil sample amended with spent mushroom compost into 3%, 5% and 10% (w/w) with or without fertilizer. Ecotoxicity germination test was conducted withLipidium sativa.


RESULTS
The amplified fragment (18 s rDNA) sequence ofthismushroom confirmed that the strain belonged toPleurotus ostreatusspecies with complete homology (100% identity). All tests experiment sets were effective at supporting the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil after three months. Petroleum contaminated soil amended with Spent mushroom compost 10% and fertilizer removed 64.7% of total petroleum hydrocarbons compared control. The germination index (%) in ecotoxicity tests ranged from 60.4 to 93.8%.


CONCLUSIONS
This showed that the petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil amended with 10% Spent mushroom compost had higher bioremediation ability and reduced soil toxicity in less than three months.
Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
M Maryam
MM
Mohammadi-Sichani
Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
M Mazaheri
MM
Assadi
Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
A
A
Farazmand
Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
M
M
Kianirad
Department of Genetic, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
A M
AM
Ahadi
Isfahan Refinery Environmental Expert, Isfahan, Iran.
H Hadian
HH
Ghahderijani
Bioremediation; Crude oil; Petroleum contaminated soil; Pollution; Spent mushroom compost