Factors affecting the quality of life of chronic dialysis patients.
Patients on hemodialysis must adjust their life plans to the treatment. They are aware of losing their health and independence. Therefore, acceptance of illness (AI) is important and allows the patient to adjust to new situation and alleviates negative emotions.



The aim of study was to assess the impact of AI and other socioclinical variables on hemodialysis patients' quality of life (QoL). The study included 100 patients aged 20-85 (M = 57), treated with hemodialysis for at least 2 years. Two validated instruments were used: the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire.



High, moderate and low level of AI was found for 15, 61 and 24 patients, respectively. The QoL increased with the AI score. In physical domain, it reached 69.8 ± 12.4 in the high AIS group, 54.2 ± 15.3 in the moderate AIS group and 42.7 ± 12.3 in the low AIS group ( P < 0.001). The psychological domain scores were 70.3 ± 12.8, 57.2 ± 15.0 and 49.7 ± 11.8 ( P < 0.001), respectively. The environmental domain scores were 68.8 ± 13.3,59.0 ± 12.6 and 53.0 ± 11.6 ( P < 0.001), respectively. AIS scores were positively correlated with QoL in three domains: physical ( r = 0.549; P < 0.0001), psychological ( r = 0.505; P < 0.0001) and environmental ( r = 0.444; P < 0.0001). In multiple-factor analysis, AI was independent predictors in physical domains (β = +0.210), psychological domain (β = +0.402) and environmental domain (β = +0.204). No correlation or predictive value was found for the social relationship domain, however.



Patients on dialysis have moderate-to-low AI. AI is an independent predictor positively correlated with QoL in all domains except for social relationships. The social and psychological support for dialyzed patient might improve their HRQoL and illness acceptance.
Department of Clinical Nursing, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Beata
B
Jankowska-Polanska
Department of Clinical Nursing, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Izabella
I
Uchmanowicz
Department and Clinic of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw, Poland.
Agata
A
Wysocka
Department of Clinical Nursing, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Bartosz
B
Uchmanowicz
Department of Clinical Nursing, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Katarzyna
K
Lomper
Department of Healthcare Organisation and Economics, National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
Andrzej M
AM
Fal
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult