Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Renal Carcinoma: an Update.
Conventional chemotherapy is associated with poor outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Advances in the understanding of tumor molecular biology and the implementation of new drugs that target these molecular pathways have increased the arsenal against advanced RCC and improved outcomes in these patients. Herein, we briefly describe the latest data on targeted therapies used in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Search strategy was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Abstracts of relevant studies published in PubMed between 2000 and 2014 were analyzed by two authors. Abstracts were selected if they were published in English, data reported was of phase II or III clinical trials, and outcomes followed FDA approval. If consensus between the two authors was achieved, they were included in the review. Key words used were "target therapy" and "metastatic renal cell carcinoma". The results of the studies analyzed in this review support the benefits of targeted therapy in metastatic RCC. These include improved progression-free survival, overall survival, and quality of life as well as reduced toxicities compared to immunotherapy. The improvement in outcomes in metastatic RCC makes these drugs a preferred option as a primary treatment for these patients.
Department of Urology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Pathology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center Denver, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Rodrigo Donalisio
RD
da Silva
Department of Urology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Pathology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center Denver, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Diedra
D
Gustafson
Department of Urology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Pathology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center Denver, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Leticia
L
Nogueira
Department of Urology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Pathology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center Denver, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Priya N
PN
Werahera
Department of Urology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Pathology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center Denver, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Wilson R
WR
Molina
Department of Urology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Pathology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center Denver, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Fernando J
FJ
Kim