Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerogenic activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants.
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic activities and the possible mechanisms of action of seven desert plants from different families.Conyza dioscoridis(L.) Desf. (Asteraceae),Euphorbia hirtaL. (Euphorpiaceae),Origanum syriacumL.,Salvialanigera L. (Lamiaceae),Sisymbrium irioL.,Solanum nigrumLinn. (Solanaceae) andSolenostemma arghel(Del.) Hayne. (Asclepiadaceae), were tested using prophylactic and curative models of absolute ethanol-induced ulcer, at three doses (125, 250 & 500 mg/kg) of each extract. The investigated extracts possessed dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic activities in both models, with LD50higher than 5 g/kg. The most effective extracts wereC. dioscoridisandS. iriowith percent protection of control ulcer; 91.1% and 85.4% respectively. The antisecretory activity of bothC. dioscoridisandS. irioappears to be mainly related to the suppression of gastrin release. Thein vitropotential radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of the investigated extracts were well supported with the reduction in gastric MDA (50.6% and 43.3%) and enhancing the level of reduced GSH (2.84, 2.59 mg/g tissue) forC. dioscoridisandS. iriorespectively. In addition, suppression of the inflammatory mediator TNF-α may be one of the possible mechanisms of action. The alcohol extracts ofC. dioscoridisandS. irioshowed no alteration on liver and kidney functions. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and sterols which could be related to the activities.
Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
Reham M
RM
El-Meligy
Department Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Amani S
AS
Awaad
Pharmacology Dept., College of Pharmacy, Al-Kharj University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Gamal A
GA
Soliman
Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
Sanaa A
SA
Kenawy
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
Saleh I
SI
Alqasoumi
Conyza dioscoridis; Gastrin; MDA; Reduced GSH; Sisymbrium irio; TNF-α