Leisure sedentary time is differentially associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia depending on occupation.
Sedentary behavior is considered an independent cause of cardio-metabolic diseases, regardless of physical activity level and obesity. Few studies have reported the association between leisure sedentary time and cardio-vascular diseases in terms of occupation.



We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) for 240,086 participants assessed in 2011 and 2013. Occupation was categorized into four groups: farmer or fisherman, laborer, and soldier (Group I); service worker, salesperson, technician, mechanic, production worker, and engineer (Group II); manager, expert, specialist, and clerk (Group III); and unemployed (Group IV). Leisure sedentary time was divided into five groups: 0 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 4+ h. The association between leisure sedentary time on weekdays and hypertension/diabetes mellitus/hyperlipidemia for different occupations was analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling.



In Groups I, II and III, no length of sedentary time was associated with hypertension, and only 3 h or 4+ h of sedentary time was associated with diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. Group IV showed a significant association with hypertension and diabetes mellitus for the 2 h, 3 h, and 4+ h sedentary times.



The unemployed are more susceptible than other occupation groups to cardio-metabolic diseases when leisure time is sedentary.
Department of General Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea.
Man Sup
MS
Lim
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea.
Bumjung
B
Park
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea.
Il Gyu
IG
Kong
Department of Statistics, Hallym University, 1, Hallym-ro, Chunchon-si, Kwangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea.
Songyong
S
Sim
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Bundang Cha Hospital, 59, Yatop-ro, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
So Young
SY
Kim
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, 1, Shingil-ro, Youngdongpo-gu, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea.
Jin-Hwan
JH
Kim
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea. pupen@naver.com.
Hyo Geun
0000-0003-1655-9549
HG
Choi
D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations / Q000145:classification; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
Diabetes mellitus; Hyperlipidemia; Hypertension; Leisure activities; Occupations; Sedentary lifestyle; Work