Dentin sialoprotein facilitates dental mesenchymal cell differentiation and dentin formation.
Dentin sialoprotein (DSP) is a dentin extracellular matrix protein. It is involved in dental mesenchymal cell lineages and dentin formation through regulation of its target gene expression. DSP mutations cause dentin genetic diseases. However, mechanisms of DSP in controlling dental mesenchymal cell differentiation are unknown. Using DSP as bait, we screened a protein library from mouse odontoblastic cells and found that DSP is a ligand and binds to cell surface receptor, occludin. Further study identified that the C-terminal DSP domainaa 363-458interacts with the occludin extracellular loop 2aa 194-241. The C-terminal DSP domain induced phosphorylation of occludin Ser490and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) Ser722and Tyr576. Coexpression of DSP, occludin and FAK was detected in dental mesenchymal cells during tooth development. Occludin physically interacts with FAK, and occludin and FAK phosphorylation can be blocked by DSP and occludin antibodies. This DSP domain facilitates dental mesenchymal cell differentiation and mineralization. Furthermore, transplantation and pulp-capping procedures revealed that this DSP domain induces endogenous dental pulp mesenchymal cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, while stimulating blood vessel proliferation. This study elucidates the mechanism of DSP in dental mesenchymal lineages and implies that DSP may serve as a therapeutic agent for dentin-pulp complex regeneration in dental caries.
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.|Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261053, China.
Wentong
W
Li
Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
Lei
L
Chen
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Zhuo
Z
Chen
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Lian
L
Wu
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Junsheng
J
Feng
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Feng
F
Wang
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Lisa
L
Shoff
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Xin
X
Li
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States.
Kevin J
KJ
Donly
Department of Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294-0007, United States.
Mary
M
MacDougall
Department of Developmental Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3700, United States. chens0@uthscsa.edu.
Shuo
S
Chen
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D062793:Occludin / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein
D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D062793:Occludin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein; C496051:Ptk2 protein, mouse