Production of bioherbicide by Phoma sp. in a stirred-tank bioreactor.
The objective of this work was to produce an herbicide by submerged fermentation in a stirred-tank bioreactor and to assess the potential herbicidal in pre-emergence, post-emergence, and in a detached leaves of Cucumis sativus var species. wisconsin (cucumber) and Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) species. Fermentations were carried out in a stirred-tank bioreactor with useful volume of 3L. Stirring rate (40, 50, and 60 rpm) and aeration (1, 2 and 3 vvm) were the variables studied for bioherbicide production. Fermented broth was fractioned with different solvents to identify the molecules produced by the fungus in a multi-dimensional gas chromatograph system. Bioherbicide showed 100% inhibition of germination of both species in the pre-emergence tests. From detached leaves tests were verified yellowish lesions in Cucumis sativus and necrotic lesions on leaves of Sorghum bicolor. Post-emergence test presented variation of the phytotoxicity from 25 to 66% for the species C. sativus and from 32 to 58% by S. bicolor. The metabolites produced by submerged fermentation of Phoma sp. presented activity in pre-emergence, post-emergence, and detached leaves of C. sativus and S. bicolor and it could be an alternative in the future for weed control.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Thiarles
T
Brun
Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Jéssica E
JE
Rabuske
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Izelmar
I
Todero
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Thiago C
TC
Almeida
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Jair J D
JJ
Junior
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Gustavo
G
Ariotti
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Tássia
T
Confortin
Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Jonas A
JA
Arnemann
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Raquel C
RC
Kuhn
Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Jerson V C
JV
Guedes
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil. mazutti@ufsm.br.
Marcio A
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-5629
MA
Mazutti
Bioreactors; Fermentation; Microorganisms; Secondary metabolites