Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis and the Expression of Key Genes in the Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis Pathway in the Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).
We demonstrate herein that salicylic acid (SA) can enhance ganoderic acid (GA) accumulation in the lingzhi or reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Following treatment with different concentrations of SA, the GA content was increased 22.72% to 43.04% compared with the control group. When the fungi were treated with 200 μmol/L SA at different times, the GA content was improved 10.21% to 35.24% compared with the control group. By choosing the optimum point based on response surface methodology, the GA content could be increased up to 229.03 μg/100 mg, which was improved 66.38% compared with the control group. When the fungi were treated with 200 μmol/L SA, the transcription levels of key genes in the GA biosynthesis pathway-squalene (SQ) synthase (sqs), lanosterol (Lano; osc), and hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (hmgr)-were improved 119.6-, 3.2-, and 4.2-fold, respectively. In addition, following treatment with 100 μmol/L SA, the levels of Lano and SQ, which are intermediate metabolites of GA biosynthesis, were increased 2.8- and 1.4-fold, respectively. These results indicate that SA can regulate the expression of genes related to GA biosynthesis and increases the metabolic levels of Lano and SQ, thereby resulting in the accumulation of GA.
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Peng-Fei
PF
Cao
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Chen-Gao
CG
Wu
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Zhi-Hao
ZH
Dang
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Liang
L
Shi
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Ai-Liang
AL
Jiang
Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Ang
A
Ren
Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Ming-Wen
MW
Zhao
D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000187:drug effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D020940:Reishi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000378:metabolism*
D014315:Triterpenes; C556862:ganoderic acid; D020156:Salicylic Acid