title: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Reduces Scavenger Receptor A Expression and Foam Cell Formation in Human Macrophages.
abstract: Foam cells are formed when macrophages imbibe low-density lipoprotein (LDL) through scavenger receptors. Here we examined how epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) influences foam cell formation. We found that EGCG dose-dependently reduced oxidized LDL (oxLDL) uptake in THP-1 (10 μM, 20.0 ± 0.50, p < 0.05) and primary macrophages (134.6 ± 15.6, p < 0.05) and reduced intracellular cholesterol content in these cells, respectively (10 μM, 32.6 ± 0.14, p < 0.05; 31.7 ± 1.26, p < 0.05). EGCG treatment decreased scavenger receptor A expression, but not the expression of CD36 or of reverse cholesterol transporters. Moreover, EGCG stimulated translocation of the p50 and p65 subunits of NF-κB and enhanced NF-κB DNA-binding activity, thus suppressing SR-A promoter activity. EGCG's suppression of SR-A expression was blocked by the NF-κB inhibitor Bay. The present findings suggest that EGCG regulates NF-κB activity and thus suppresses SR-A expression, oxLDL uptake, and foam cell formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.|Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Sy-Jou
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, National Central University , Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yung-Hsi
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System , Chicago, Illinois, United States.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yi-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California-Riverside , Riverside, California, United States.
authors.forename: Wan-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Shu-Ting
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Shih-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Jenn-Haung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute , Zhunan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ling-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Min-Chien
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chin-Sheng
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5167-8327
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D002392:Catechin; D002784:Cholesterol; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate
keywords: atherosclerosis; epigallocatechin-3-gallate; foam cells; macrophage; oxidized low-density lipoprotein