title: How phenotype guides management of non-conventional squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx?
abstract: Although the majority of laryngeal malignancies are the conventional squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), a wide variety of malignant epithelial tumors can affect the larynx. Current treatment guidelines are designed to guide clinicians in management of conventional laryngeal SCC. Less is known about the biological behavior and responsiveness to therapy and overall outcomes of other malignant epithelial lesions. Because a spectrum of disease biology is represented by these rare phenotypes, an understanding of the basic biology can help direct management to optimize clinical outcome in this group of patients. This review provides a critical analysis of literature relating to the diagnosis, management, and outcome of patients with non-conventional squamous malignant epithelial neoplasms of the larynx. Particular attention is paid to features which are at variance with the conventional SCC and how these impact on management of these rare tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo (Asturias), Spain. flopez_1981@yahoo.es.|Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias and CIBERONC, ISCIII, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. flopez_1981@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-9746
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cardesa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Primož
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Strojan
authors.affiliation: University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rinaldo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Iain J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Nixon
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo (Asturias), Spain.|Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias and CIBERONC, ISCIII, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Nabil F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Saba
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Mendenhall
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quer
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias and CIBERONC, ISCIII, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suárez
authors.affiliation: International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Alfio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferlito
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D007830:Larynx / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype
keywords: Acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma; Adenosquamous carcinoma larynx; Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma; Histology; Laryngeal cancer; Lymphoepithelial carcinoma; Non-keratinizing HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma; Papillary squamous cell carcinoma; Spindle cell carcinoma; Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma