title: Role of mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus types in head and neck cancers in central India.
abstract: Mucosal high-risk (HR) human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause a subset of head and neck cancers (HNC). The HPV-attributable fraction of HNC varies substantially between countries. Although HNC has a very high incidence in the Indian subcontinent, information on the contribution of HPV infection is limited. Here, we evaluated the HPV-attributable fraction in HNC (N = 364) collected in a central region of India. HNC from three different anatomical subsites were included, namely, oral cavity (n = 252), oropharynx (n = 53) and hypopharynx/larynx (n = 59). In this retrospective study, HPV-driven HNC were defined by presence of both viral DNA and RNA. Overexpression of p16INK4awas also evaluated. HR-HPV DNA was detected in 13.7% of the cases; however, only 2.7% were positive for both HPV DNA and RNA. The highest percentage of HPV DNA/RNA double positivity was found in oropharynx (9.4%), followed by larynx (1.7%) and oral cavity (1.6%) (p = 0.02). More than half of HPV DNA/RNA-positive cases were p16INK4a-negative, while a considerable number of HPV RNA-negative cases were p16INK4a-positive (17.9%). HPV16 was the major type associated with HNC (60.0%), although cases positive for HPV18, 35 and 56 were also detected. Our data indicate that the proportion and types of mucosal HR-HPV associated with HNC in this central Indian region differ from those in other (developed) parts of the world. This may be explained by differences in smoking and/or sexual behaviour compared with North America and northern Europe. Moreover, we show that p16INK4astaining appeared not to be a good surrogate marker of HPV transformation in the Indian HNC cases.
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France.
authors.forename: Tarik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gheit
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France.|Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India.
authors.forename: Devasena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anantharaman
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5010-5236
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holzinger
authors.affiliation: L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain & CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Laia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alemany
authors.affiliation: L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain & CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tous
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
authors.forename: Priya Ramesh
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pawlita
authors.affiliation: Roche MTM laboratories, Mannheim, Germany.|Ventana Medical Systems Inc, Tucson, AZ.
authors.forename: Ruediger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ridder
authors.affiliation: Roche MTM laboratories, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rehm
authors.affiliation: University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bogers
authors.affiliation: European Institute of Oncology, Milan I-20141, Italy.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maffini
authors.affiliation: European Institute of Oncology, Milan I-20141, Italy.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiocca
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Pg/Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lloveras
authors.affiliation: Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
authors.forename: Rekha Vijay
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, India.
authors.forename: Thara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Somanathan
authors.affiliation: L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain & CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Sanjosé
authors.affiliation: L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain & CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Castellsagué
authors.affiliation: Unit of Cancer Epidemiology/Belgian Cancer Centre, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, B1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arbyn
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France.
authors.forename: Rengaswamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sankaranarayanan
authors.affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
authors.forename: Madhavan Radhakrishna
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.affiliation: Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra State, 442102, India.
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gangane
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0890-8596
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tommasino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: C000614131:CDKN2A protein, human; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16
keywords: HPV; central India; head and neck cancer