title: Assessment of Psychopathology, Quality of Life, and Parental Attitudes in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to identify psychopathology, parental attitudes, perceptions of quality of life, and relationships between these factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty adolescents (12-18 years old) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy adolescents and their parents were recruited for the study. Clinical interviews with the diabetic adolescents were performed using "Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL)." Both groups completed the "Depression Scale for Children," "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory," and "Health Related Quality of Life Scale for Children," while their parents completed the "Parental Attitude Research Instrument," "The Coping Strategy Indicator," and "Health Related Quality of Life Scale for Children-Parent Form."
  
  
  RESULTS
  The psychological disorder ratio in diabetic adolescents was 68%. No significant difference was found regarding perceptions of quality of life between the diabetic group and control group. However, diabetic adolescents with psychological disorder had reduced perception of quality of life than those without psychological disorder. Among parental attitudes, an authoritarian attitude was found to be more common in the diabetic group. It was found that among coping strategies, parents in the diabetic group use avoidance more commonly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, a high rate of psychopathology was detected among adolescents with type 1 DM. In addition, no clear impairment in quality of life was reported in patients with type 1 DM; however, there was worsening in the perception of quality of life in the presence of psychiatric disorders accompanying diabetes. It was found that parents of diabetic children use inappropriate coping strategies and negative parental attitudes more often than those of healthy controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Muğla Training and Research Hospital, Muğla, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nilfer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Didem Behice
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Öztop
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Savaş
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Altun
keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; parental attitude; parental coping strategies; psychopathology; quality of life