title: MYCNamplification predicts poor prognosis based on interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of bone marrow cells in bone marrow metastases of neuroblastoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MYCNgene amplification is related to risk stratification. Therefore it is important to identify accurately the level of theMYCNgene as early as possible in neuroblastoma (NB); however, for patients with bone marrow (BM) metastasis who need chemotherapy before surgery, timely detection of theMYCNgene is not possible due to the unavailability of primary tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  MYCNgene status was evaluated in 81 BM metastases of NB by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of BM cells. The clinicobiological characteristics and prognostic impact ofMYCNamplification in NB metastatic to BM were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MYCNamplification was found in 16% of patients with metastases, and the results were consistent with the primary tumors detected by pathological tissue FISH.MYCNamplification was associated with age, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and prognosis (P= 0.038,P< 0.001,P= 0.026). Clinical outcome was poorer in patients withMYCNamplification than in those without amplification (3-year EFS 28.8 ± 13.1 vs. 69.7 ± 5.7%,P= 0.005; 3-year OS 41.5 ± 14.7 vs. 76.7 ± 5.5%,P= 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MYCNamplification predicts a poor outcome in NB metastatic to BM, and interphase FISH of bone marrow cells provides a timely direct and valid method to evaluate theMYCNgene status.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Tian-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Shu-Guang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Xing-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Xi-Si
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ma
keywords: Bone marrow metastasis; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; MYCN amplification; Neuroblastoma