title: The Expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 in Respiratory Viral Infection in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
abstract: Viral infection is a common trigger for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of cytokines in AECOPD. Patients with AECOPD requiring hospitalization were recruited. Meanwhile healthy volunteers of similar age that accepted routine check-ups and showed no clinical symptoms of inflammatory diseases were also recruited. Induced sputum and serum were collected. Induced sputum of participants was processed and tested for thirteen viruses and bacteria. Forty cytokines were assayed in serum using the Quantibody Human Inflammation Array 3 (Ray Biotech, Inc.). The most common virus detected in virus positive AECOPD (VP) was influenza A (16%). No virus was found in controls. Circulating levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 were elevated in VP and coinfection subjects (p< 0.05), while the levels of 37 other cytokines showed no difference, compared with virus negative groups and controls (p> 0.05). Additionally, VP patients were less likely to have received influenza vaccination. VP patients had a systemic inflammation response involving IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 which may be due to virus-induced activation of macrophages. There are important opportunities for further investigating AECOPD mechanisms and for the development of better strategies in the management and prevention of virus-related AECOPD.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Jingtong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Lingxin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0160-7467
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Weijie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing Shunyi District Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Jodie L
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5299-4236
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Junying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Jingying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sai
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Guoqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin university, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0871-3454
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha