title: Function and Clinical Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Melanoma.
abstract: Metastatic melanoma is the most deadly type of skin cancer. Despite the success of immunotherapy and targeted agents, the majority of patients experience disease recurrence upon treatment and die due to their disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new subclass of non-protein coding RNAs involved in (epigenetic) regulation of cell growth, invasion, and other important cellular functions. Consequently, recent research activities focused on the discovery of these lncRNAs in a broad spectrum of human diseases, especially cancer. Additional efforts have been undertaken to dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms employed by lncRNAs. In this review, we will summarize the growing evidence of deregulated lncRNA expression in melanoma, which is linked to tumor growth and progression. Moreover, we will highlight specific molecular pathways and modes of action for some well-studied lncRNAs and discuss their potential clinical implications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria. georg.richtig@medunigraz.at.|Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria. georg.richtig@medunigraz.at.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Richtig
authors.affiliation: Institute for Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria. barbara.ehall@medunigraz.at.|Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria. barbara.ehall@medunigraz.at.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ehall
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria. erika.richtig@medunigraz.at.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Richtig
authors.affiliation: Institute for Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria. ariane.aigelsreiter@medunigraz.at.
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aigelsreiter
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany. tony.gutschner@uk-halle.de.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gutschner
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria. martin.pichler@medunigraz.at.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pichler
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018450:Disease Progression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: lncRNA; skin cancer