title: Investigational therapies for hypercholesterolemia.
abstract: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are of increasing concern, not only to patients but also to the health care profession and service providers. The preventative benefit of treatment of dyslipidaemia is unquestioned but there is a large, so far unmet need to improve clinical outcome. There are exciting new discoveries of targets that may translate into improved clinical outcome. Areas covered: This review highlights some new pathways in cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism and examines new targets, new drugs and new molecules. The review includes the results of recent trials of relatively new drugs that have shown benefit in cardiovascular endpoint outcomes, drugs that have been licenced without endpoint trials yet available and new drugs that have not yet been licenced but have produced exciting results in animal studies and some in early phase 2 human studies. Expert opinion: The new areas that have been discovered as the cause of dyslipidaemia have opened up a host of new targets for new drugs including antisense RNA's, microRNA's and human monoclonal antibodies. The plethora of new targets and new drugs has made it an extraordinarily exciting time in the development of therapeutics to combat atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: a Diabetes Institute of Ireland , Beacon Clinic and Trinity College , Dublin 2 , Ireland.
authors.forename: Gerald H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Tomkin
authors.affiliation: a Diabetes Institute of Ireland , Beacon Clinic and Trinity College , Dublin 2 , Ireland.
authors.forename: Daphne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Owens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015195:Drug Design; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: ) PCSK9: low density lipoprotein; Apolipoprotein A1; Apolipoprotein Clll; LDL receptor: microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP); Niemann Pick C1-like1 (NPC1-L1); Triglyceride; cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP); diabetes; dyslipidaemia; lipoprotein (a); low density lipoprotein LDL