title: Nasal Septal Deviation and Concha Bullosa - Do They Have an Impact on Maxillary Sinus Volumes and Prevalence of Maxillary Sinusitis?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to assess if the presence of nasal septal deviation and concha bullosa is connected with the development of sinuses and the incidence of inflammation within them.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analysed 214 patients who underwent paranasal sinus computed tomography. There were 125 females and 89 males, the mean age being 47.67±16.74 years (range 18-97). Exclusion criteria included: age under 18 years, prior sinonasal surgery and S-shaped septum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean volume of the right maxillary sinus was 17.794 cm3, while for the left one it was 17.713 cm3. Nasal septal deviation was found in 79.9% of computed tomography examinations and concha bullosa was observed in 42.1% of the patients' examinations. There was an association between the presence of unilateral or dominant concha bullosa and contralateral direction of septal deviation [right-sided (p=0.039), left-sided (p=0.003)]. There was higher incidence of bilateral maxillary sinusitis in patients with septal deviation (p=0.007). Bilateral concha bullosa did not influence the incidence of bilateral maxillary sinusitis (p=0.495). Neither septal deviation (right sided: p=0.962; left-sided: p=0.731), nor unilateral/dominant concha bullosa (right: p=0.512; left: p=0,430) affected the asymmetry in volumes of maxillary sinuses. Bilateral concha bullosa was connected with larger volume of maxillary sinuses (right sinus: p=0.005; left sinus: p=0.048).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal septal deviation, contrary to concha bullosa, has influence on the development of maxillary sinusitis. There is a connection between the presence of concha bullosa and direction of septal deviation. Only bilateral concha bullosa affects maxillary sinus volumes.
authors.affiliation: Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chair of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kucybała
authors.affiliation: Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chair of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Konrad Adam
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Janik
authors.affiliation: Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chair of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Szymon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciuk
authors.affiliation: Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chair of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Storman
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbanik
keywords: Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Maxillary Sinus; Maxillary Sinusitis; Nasal Septum; Sinusitis; Turbinates