title: Galactomannan from Schizolobium amazonicum seed and its sulfated derivatives impair metabolism in HepG2 cells.
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of native galactomannan from Schizolobium amazonicum seeds and its sulfated forms on certain metabolic parameters of HepG2 cells. Aqueous extraction from S. amazonicum seeds furnished galactomannan with 3.2:1 Man:Gal ratio (SAGM) and molar mass of 4.34×105g/mol. The SAGM fraction was subjected to sulfation using chlorosulfonic acid to obtain SAGMS1 and SAGMS2 with DS of 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. Cytotoxicity of SAGM, SAGMS1, and SAGMS2 was evaluated in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). After 72h, SAGM decreased the viability of HepG2 cells by 50% at 250μg/mL, while SAGMS1 reduced it by 30% at the same concentration. SAGM, SAGMS1, and SAGMS2 promoted a reduction in oxygen consumption and an increase in lactate production in non-permeabilized HepG2 cells after 72h of treatment. These results suggest that SAGM, SAGMS1, and SAGMS2 could be recognized by HepG2 cells and might trigger alterations that impair its survival. These effects could be implicated in the modification of the oxidative phosphorylation process in HepG2 cells and activation of the glycolytic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Monique Meyenberg
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cunha de Padua
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Suter Correia Cadena
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmen Lucia
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Petkowicz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glaucia Regina
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: guinoleto@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Guilhermina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodrigues Noleto
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008351:Mannans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008351:Mannans; D013431:Sulfates; C012990:galactomannan; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Galactomannans; HepG2 cells; Sulfation