title: First year physical activity findings from turn up the HEAT (Healthy Eating and Activity Time) in summer day camps.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Summer day camps (SDCs) serve 14 million children yearly in the U.S. and aim to provide participating children with 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This study evaluated an intervention designed to increase the percent of children meeting this MVPA guideline.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-group, pre-post quasi-experimental.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty SDCs serving 1,830 children aged 5-12 years were assigned to MVPA intervention (n = 10) or healthy eating attention control (n = 10).
  
  
  METHODS
  The STEPs (Strategies to Enhance Practice) intervention is a capacity-building approach grounded in the Theory of Expanded, Extended and Enhanced Opportunities. Camp leaders and staff receive training to expand (e.g., introduction of activity breaks/active field trips), extend (e.g., schedule minimum of 3 hours/day for PA opportunities), and enhance (e.g., maximize MVPA children accumulate during schedule activity) activity opportunities. Camps in the comparison condition received support for improving the types of foods/beverages served.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percent of children accumulating the 60min/d MVPA guideline at baseline (summer 2015) and post-test (summer 2016) measured via wrist-accelerometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multilevel logistic regression conducted fall 2016 indicated boys and girls attending intervention SDCs were 2.04 (95CI = 1.10,3.78) and 3.84 (95CI = 2.02,7.33) times more likely to meet the 60min/d guideline compared to boys and girls attending control SDCs, respectively. This corresponded to increases of +10.6% (78-89%) and +12.6% (69-82%) in the percentage of boys and girls meeting the guideline in intervention SDCs, respectively. Boys in comparison SDCs increased by +1.6% (81-83%) and girls decreased by -5.5% (76-71%). Process data indicated intervention SDCs successfully extended and enhanced PA opportunities, but were unable to expand PA opportunities, compared to control SDCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although substantial proportions of children met the MVPA guideline at baseline, no SDCs ensured all children met the guideline. This intervention demonstrated that, with support, SDCs can help all children in attendance to accumulate their daily recommended 60min MVPA.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02161809.
authors.affiliation: University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: R Glenn
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-974X
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.affiliation: University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brazendale
authors.affiliation: University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chandler
authors.affiliation: University of South Carolina, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Gabrielle M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Turner-McGrievy
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Justin B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Arizona State University, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Huberty
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Nutrition, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Dianne S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Beets
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry / Q000379:methods; D002165:Camping; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000072001:Diet, Healthy / Q000379:methods*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States