title: Diet effects in the asthma treatment: A systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity in asthmatic patients has important relationships with asthma control, pulmonary function, and quality of life. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the effect of diet on asthma management in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (January 1948-October 2014) for randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of diet in adults with asthma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 12,215 studies identified, 21 were included. A reduction in weight of at least 7.5% from baseline as a result of caloric restriction can be beneficial for improving disease control, quality of life, and pulmonary function in obese patients with asthma. A dietary pattern rich in foods with potential antioxidant effect had an impact in improving asthma control, but with little clinical significance. Studies involving antioxidant supplementation showed improvements in asthma control with magnesium supplementation and less decline in lung function with vitamin C supplementation. Studies of fatty acid supplementation demonstrated effects on weight loss and improvement of asthma control and lung function. Studies of supplementation with propolis and caffeine reported significant increases in FEV1. Conversely, studies of high dietary salt intake reported greater declines in lung function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evidence shows that, for obese adults with asthma, the best dietary intervention seems to be caloric restriction, regardless of specific dietary components.
authors.affiliation: a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriele Carra
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.affiliation: b Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela Terezinha Richter
authors.initials: DTR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: c Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Curso de Nutrição , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Luiza
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hennemann
authors.affiliation: d Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Serviço de Nutrição e Dietética do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta Aquiar
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sarmento
authors.affiliation: e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Professora Adjunto do Departamento de Nutrição da Faculdade de Medicina e professora orientadora do Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Jussara Carnevale
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: f Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Tarso Roth Dalcin
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D018977:Micronutrients; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Nutrition; asthma; diet; systematic review