title: Renal and Hepatic Functions after A Week of Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation duringIn VitroFertilization Cycles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One the main aspects ofin vitrofertilization (IVF) cycle is to avoid any possible systemic damage on women undergoing a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). The aim of this work is to evaluate renal and hepatic function blood tests in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during IVF cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a prospective cohort analysis. All patients re- ceived a long stimulation protocol with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues by daily administration, since the twenty-first day of the previous ovarian cycle followed by COH with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The daily dose of exogenous gonadotropins for every single patient was modified according to her follicular growth. The oocytes were retrieved during the oocyte pick up and fertilized by standard procedures of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The blood samples to evaluate renal and hepatic functions were taken at the 7thday of ovarian stimulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 426 women aged between 19 and 44 years, with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.68 Kg/m2. The mean value of blood urea nitrogen was 14 ± 3.16 mg/ dl, creatinine: 1 ± 0.45 mg/dl, uric acid: 4 ± 1.95 mg/dl, total proteins: 7 ± 3.93 mg/dl, aspartate aminotransferase: 18 ± 6.29 mU/ml, alanine aminotransferase: 19 ± 10.41 mU/ ml, alkaline phosphatase: 81 ± 45.25 mU/ml, total bilirubin 1 ± 0.35 mg/dL. All of the results were considered as a normal range following the Medical Council of Canada.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that, unlike ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), COH patients did not show any alteration to renal and hepatic functions.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romito
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Ferdinando Antonio
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Gulino
authors.affiliation: 2. Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio Simone
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Laganà
authors.affiliation: 2. Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore Giovanni
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Attilio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuscano
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leanza
authors.affiliation: 3. Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Musmeci
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leanza
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Agnese Maria Chiara
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rapisarda
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Palumbo
keywords: In Vitro Fertilization; Infertility; Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection; Ovarian Hyperstimulation