title: The duck enteritis virus early protein, UL13, found in both nucleus and cytoplasm, influences viral replication in cell culture.
abstract: The UL13 protein of the duck enteritis virus (DEV), predicted to encode a Ser/Thr protein kinase, belongs to the family of conserved herpesvirus protein kinases (CHPK), which plays an important role in herpesvirus proliferation. In this study, truncated UL13 was expressed as a fusion protein of approximately 44 kDa using a prokaryotic expression system, and this protein was used to generate a specific anti-UL13 antibody. This antibody detected UL13 starting at 4 h post infection in duck embryonic fibroblast cells and identified UL13 to be present in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. UL13 RNA was found to be transcribed starting at 2 h post infection, and the synthesis of the UL13 mRNA was found to be sensitive to the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) and tolerant of the DNA polymerase inhibitor ganciclovir (GCV). Its nuclear location and status as an early gene suggested that DEV UL13 might play important roles in DEV replication, which was confirmed by comparing the proliferation of a UL13-knockout mutant virus, a revertant virus, and the parent virus in cell culture. The specific mechanisms of UL13 in viral replication need to be further studied.
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.|Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000494:pharmacology; D025922:Mardivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D003513:Cycloheximide; D011494:Protein Kinases; D015774:Ganciclovir
keywords: UL13; duck enteritis virus; early gene; intracellular location; mutant virus