title: Co-injection of Aβ1-40 and ApoE4 impaired spatial memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation in rats.
abstract: Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele located on chromosome 19 is a major genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the direct effects of ApoE4 on the cognitive function and long-term synaptic plasticity have not fully investigated. At the same time, although amyloid beta protein (Aβ)-ApoE complexes are principal components of AD-associated brain damage, there is still lack of in vivo study on the effects of co-existed Aβ1-40 and ApoE4. In the present study, we examined the effects of ApoE4 on the spatial memory and hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP) by using Morris water maze test and in vivo field potential recording, compared the neurotoxicity of Aβ1-40 and ApoE4, and investigated the effects of co-application of Aβ1-40 and ApoE4 on cognitive behavior and synaptic plasticity. The results showed that intracerebrovenrticular (i.c.v.) injection of Aβ1-40 or ApoE4 significantly and similarly impaired spatial learning and memory, and depressed the high-frequency stimulus (HFS) induced LTP. Importantly, compared to the effects of Aβ1-40 or ApoE4 alone, co-injection of Aβ1-40 and ApoE4 produced much heavier damages in cognitive behaviors and long term synaptic plasticity. These results demonstrated that ApoE4 not only exerted direct neurotoxicity but also enhanced the neurotoxicity of Aβ1-40 on spatial cognitive function and hippocampal LTP, which maybe partly elucidates the mechanism by which APOE4 allele exerted negative effects as a major genetic risk factor for developing AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China. Electronic address: wmna@163.com.
authors.forename: Meina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China.
authors.forename: Yexin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Junting
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Jinshun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C078592:amyloid beta-protein (1-40)
keywords: Amyloid beta protein 1-40 (Aβ1-40); Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4); Long term potentiation (LTP); Morris water maze