title: Macrophage Metabolism As Therapeutic Target for Cancer, Atherosclerosis, and Obesity.
abstract: Macrophages are not only essential components of innate immunity that contribute to host defense against infections, but also tumor growth and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. An important feature of macrophages is their plasticity and ability to adopt diverse activation states in response to their microenvironment and in line with their functional requirements. Recent immunometabolism studies have shown that alterations in the metabolic profile of macrophages shape their activation state and function. For instance, to fulfill their respective functions lipopolysaccharides-induced pro-inflammatory macrophages and interleukin-4 activated anti-inflammatory macrophages adopt a different metabolism. Thus, metabolic reprogramming of macrophages could become a therapeutic approach to treat diseases that have a high macrophage involvement, such as cancer. In the first part of this review, we will focus on the metabolic pathways altered in differentially activated macrophages and link their metabolic aspects to their pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype. In the second part, we will discuss how macrophage metabolism is a promising target for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory diseases and cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Xenia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Geeraerts
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bolli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sarah-Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fendt
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jo A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Van Ginderachter
keywords: M1–M2 macrophage polarization; cancer; immunometabolism; inflammatory diseases; metabolic reprogramming; metabolic therapy; microenvironment; tumor-associated macrophages