title: The effects of single application of pastes containing ion-releasing particles on enamel demineralization.
abstract: We investigated single application of pastes containing a surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler on enamel demineralization. Human enamel blocks were polished using pastes containing S-PRG filler (0, 5, and 30%) and immersed in demineralizing solution for 5 days with daily change of solutions. The pH measurement and nanoindentation testing was carried out during the immersion period, and the enamel surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. A non-fluoride paste and a hydroxyapatite-containing paste were used for comparison. The specimens polished with the S-PRG filler-containing paste exhibited acid-neutralizing properties, which became stronger with an increasing S-PRG filler content. Following immersion in the demineralizing solution, specimens polished with the S-PRG filler-containing paste exhibited significantly greater hardness and elastic modulus values than those polished with the other pastes and exhibited a smoother surface than did the other specimens. Pastes containing S-PRG filler inhibits the demineralization of enamel.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
authors.forename: Kyotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
authors.forename: Naohiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
mesh_terms: D003743:Dental Enamel; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009824:Ointments; D017001:Tooth Demineralization; D014100:Toothpastes
chemical_list: D009824:Ointments; D014100:Toothpastes
keywords: Enamel demineralization buffering; Nanoindentation; Professional cleaning tooth polishing