title: Biatrial connection of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.
abstract: We describe an extremely rare case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return in a 3-year-old boy with an abnormal connection between the right upper pulmonary vein and the right middle pulmonary vein, which created biatrial communication hemodynamically. Patch closure on the orifice of the right upper pulmonary vein was performed to avoid distortion or kinking of the right pulmonary veins and the connection.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Slater Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Naruhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Slater Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hessam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fallah
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Slater Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Colton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pugh
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Slater Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Teimour
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nasirov
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Angiography; Child; Heart defects; Magnetic resonance imaging; Pulmonary veins; Vascular surgical procedures; biatrial connection; congenital; congenital cardiothoracic surgery; partial anomalous pulmonary venous return; patch closure; preschool