title: Antibacterial activity of the stem bark of Tieghemella Heckelii Pierre ex. A Chev against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tieghemella heckelii (Sapotaceae) is a medicinal plant used in Africa, particularly in Côte d'Ivoire for treating various diseases including infections. Identification of prospective antibacterial compounds from stem bark of this plant as a result of its medicinal virtue, led to screening activity against methicillin resistant bacteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six extracts (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and sterile distilled water) were prepared and tested on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using broth microdilution method for activity assessment. From this experiment, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the plant extracts were determined in sterile 96-well microplates in order to search for both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. Afterwards, data analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism5 software (One-way ANOVA and Turkey Multiple Comparison test). The results were then presented as Mean ± SD for experiment repeated three times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and sterile distilled water) showed credible potency, with strong, significant, and moderate growth inhibition of the MRSA tested. The MIC values which varied from 45 μg/mL to 97 μg/mL according to microbial phenotype, resolutely established the activity of the plant extracts. Additionally, the MBC values which varied, depending on the type of bacteria strain, revealed the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of the active extracts against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study is a confirmation of the therapeutic potential of Tieghemella heckelii and its promising contribution to the discovery of a novel antibacterial drug pertaining to these resistant strains.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire, Département de Bactériologie/Virologie, Centre National de Reference Antibiotiques, 3 Avenue de l'Université Cocody, B.P 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire. bgkipre070@gmail.com.|Université Nangui Abrogoua Côte d'Ivoire, B.P 801, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire. bgkipre070@gmail.com.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kipre
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire, Département de Bactériologie/Virologie, Centre National de Reference Antibiotiques, 3 Avenue de l'Université Cocody, B.P 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Guessennd
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire, Département de Bactériologie/Virologie, Centre National de Reference Antibiotiques, 3 Avenue de l'Université Cocody, B.P 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.|Université Nangui Abrogoua Côte d'Ivoire, B.P 801, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.|Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Km 17, Dabou, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Koné
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire, Département de Bactériologie/Virologie, Centre National de Reference Antibiotiques, 3 Avenue de l'Université Cocody, B.P 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gbonon
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire, Département de Bactériologie/Virologie, Centre National de Reference Antibiotiques, 3 Avenue de l'Université Cocody, B.P 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire, Département de Bactériologie/Virologie, Centre National de Reference Antibiotiques, 3 Avenue de l'Université Cocody, B.P 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dosso
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029632:Sapotaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008712:Methicillin
keywords: Antibacterial; Côte d’Ivoire; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Tieghemella heckelii