title: Urea enhances cell lysis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe ura4 mutants.
abstract: Cell lysis is induced in Schizosaccharomyces pombe ∆ura4 cells grown in YPD medium, which contains yeast extract, polypeptone, and glucose. To identify the medium components that induce cell lysis, we first tested various kinds of yeast extracts from different suppliers. Cell lysis of ∆ura4 cells on YE medium was observed when yeast extracts from OXOID, BD, Oriental, and Difco were used, but not when using yeast extract from Kyokuto. To determine which compounds induced cell lysis, we subjected yeast extract and polypeptone to GC-MS analysis. Ten kinds of compounds were detected in OXOID and BD yeast extracts, but not in Kyokuto yeast extract. Among them was urea, which was also present in polypeptone, and it clearly induced cell lysis. Deletion of the ure2 gene, which is responsible for utilizing urea, abolished the lytic effect of urea. The effect of urea was suppressed by deletion of pub1, and a similar phenotype was observed in the presence of polypeptone. Thus, urea is an inducer of cell lysis in S. pombe ∆ura4 cells.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology , Shimane University , Matsue , Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology , Shimane University , Matsue , Japan.
authors.forename: Misaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kushima
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology , Shimane University , Matsue , Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaino
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology , Shimane University , Matsue , Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology , Shimane University , Matsue , Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-8798
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamukai
mesh_terms: D019731:Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003470:Culture Media; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010461:Peptones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003470:Culture Media; D010461:Peptones; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; C400810:ura4 protein, S pombe; D014508:Urea; D019731:Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; C098922:Pub1 protein, S pombe; D005947:Glucose
keywords: UMP de novo synthesis; cell lysis; fission yeast; ura4; urea