title: RING-H2-type E3 gene VpRH2 from Vitis pseudoreticulata improves resistance to powdery mildew by interacting with VpGRP2A.
abstract: Grapevine is one of the world's most important fruit crops. European cultivated grape species have the best fruit quality but show almost no resistance to powdery mildew (PM). PM caused by Uncinula necator is a harmful disease that has a significant impact on the economic value of the grape crop. In this study, we examined a RING-H2-type ubiquitin ligase gene VpRH2 that is associated with significant PM-resistance of Chinese wild-growing grape Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1. The expression of VpRH2 was clearly induced by U. necator inoculation compared with its homologous gene VvRH2 in a PM-susceptible grapevine V. vinifera cv. Thompson Seedless. Using a yeast two-hybrid assay we confirmed that VpRH2 interacted with VpGRP2A, a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein. The degradation of VpGRP2A was inhibited by treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 while VpRH2 did not promote the degradation of VpGRP2A. Instead, the transcripts of VpRH2 were increased by over-expressing VpGRP2A while VpRH2 suppressed the expression of VpGRP2A. Furthermore, VpGRP2A was down-regulated in both Baihe-35-1 and Thompson Seedless after U. necator inoculation. Specifically, we generated VpRH2 overexpression transgenic lines in Thompson Seedless and found that the transgenic plants showed enhanced resistance to powdery mildew compared with the wild-type. In summary, our results indicate that VpRH2 interacts with VpGRP2A and plays a positive role in resistance to powdery mildew.
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenkong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fuli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yazhou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weihuo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chaohong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuejin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000502:physiology*; D060467:Disease Resistance; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Disease resistance; E3 ubiquitin ligase; Grapevine; Vitis pseudoreticulata.; genetic transformation; glycine-rich RNA-binding protein