title: Conjunctivochalasis and Related Factors in an Adult Population of Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of conjunctivochalasis and its determinants in a middle-aged Iranian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This population-based study was conducted in the context of the second phase of Shahroud Eye Cohort Study in 2014. Of 4,737 participants aged 45 to 69 years who participated in the second phase, the data of 4,702 participants were available for this report. A diagnosis of conjunctivochalasis was made based on the physician's judgment on ophthalmic examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnosis of conjunctivochalasis in at least one eye was confirmed in 295 (6.2%) participants. The prevalence of unilateral and bilateral conjunctivochalasis was 0.7% and 5.5%, respectively. Older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-3.15), use of Losartan (an angiotensin II receptor antagonist) (OR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.05-2.08), Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (OR=2.32, 95% CI: 1.78-3.03), Pinguecula (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.42-0.77), and blepharitis (OR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.07-0.77) had a significant association with conjunctivochalasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of conjunctivochalasis in our study was less than other reports from Asian population. Conjunctivochalasis has a significant association with some eyelid disorders and the use of Losartan which should be noted when diagnosing and treating this disease.
authors.affiliation: Noor Ophthalmology Research Center (H.H.), Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics (H.R., A.F.), School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; and Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research (M.H.E.), Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Hadith
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rastad
authors.forename: Mohammad Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Emamian
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fotouhi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution