title: Effect of Nutrition on Statural Growth .
abstract: In children, proper growth and development are often regarded as a surrogate marker for good health. A complex system controls the initiation, rate, and cessation of growth, and thus gives a wonderful example of the interactions between genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors (especially stress and nutrition). Malnutrition is considered a leading cause of growth attenuation in children. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding the mechanisms linking nutrition and skeletal growth, including systemic factors, such as insulin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, fibroblast growth factor-21, etc., and local mechanisms, including mTOR, miRNAs, and epigenetics. Studying the molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal growth may lead to the establishment of better nutritional and therapeutic regimens for more effective linear growth in children with malnutrition and growth abnormalities.  .
authors.affiliation: The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Children's Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.|Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.|Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Galia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gat-Yablonski
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Luca
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology*; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D009752:Nutritional Status
chemical_list: C583557:IGF1 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: Catch-up growth ; Growth; Growth plate; Nutrition