title: Semiconductor diode laser device adjuvanting intradermal vaccine.
abstract: A brief exposure of skin to a low-power, non-tissue damaging laser light has been demonstrated to augment immune responses to intradermal vaccination. Both preclinical and clinical studies show that this approach is simple, effective, safe and well tolerated compared to standard chemical or biological adjuvants. Until now, these laser exposures have been performed using a diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) devices, which are expensive and require labor-intensive maintenance and special training. Development of an inexpensive, easy-to-use and small device would form an important step in translating this technology toward clinical application. Here we report that we have established a handheld, near-infrared (NIR) laser device using semiconductor diodes emitting either 1061, 1258, or 1301nm light that costs less than $4000, and that this device replicates the adjuvant effect of a DPSSL system in a mouse model of influenza vaccination. Our results also indicate that a broader range of NIR laser wavelengths possess the ability to enhance vaccine immune responses, allowing engineering options for the device design. This small, low-cost device establishes the feasibility of using a laser adjuvant approach for mass-vaccination programs in a clinical setting, opens the door for broader testing of this technology with a variety of vaccines and forms the foundation for development of devices ready for use in the clinic.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimizuka
authors.affiliation: SemiNex Corporation, 100 Corporate Place, Suite 401, Peabody, MA 01960, United States.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Callahan
authors.affiliation: SemiNex Corporation, 100 Corporate Place, Suite 401, Peabody, MA 01960, United States; Veralase LLC, 135 East Street, Middleton, MA 01949, United States.
authors.forename: Zilong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Kaitlyn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
authors.forename: Roderick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bronson
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimaoka
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Megan P K
authors.initials: MPK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Binghao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Huabiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Rhea Y Y
authors.initials: RYY
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Conor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dwyer
authors.affiliation: SemiNex Corporation, 100 Corporate Place, Suite 401, Peabody, MA 01960, United States.
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mulley
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leblanc
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Calum
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goudie
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gelfand
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brauns
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Poznansky
authors.affiliation: SemiNex Corporation, 100 Corporate Place, Suite 401, Peabody, MA 01960, United States; Veralase LLC, 135 East Street, Middleton, MA 01949, United States. Electronic address: dbean@veralase.com.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States. Electronic address: skashiwagi@mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D007271:Injections, Intradermal / Q000379:methods*; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines
keywords: Adjuvant; Handheld; Laser; Near-infrared; Semiconductor laser diode; Vaccine