title: Targeting the TSH receptor in thyroid cancer.
abstract: Recent advances in the arena of theranostics have necessitated a re-examining of previously established fields. The existing paradigm of therapeutic thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) targeting in the post-surgical management of differentiated thyroid cancer using levothyroxine and recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is well understood. However, in an era of personalized medicine, and with an increasing awareness of the risk profile of longstanding pharmacological hyperthyroidism, it is imperative clinicians understand the molecular basis and magnitude of benefit for individual patients. Furthermore, TSHR has been recently re-conceived as a selective target for residual metastatic thyroid cancer, with pilot data demonstrating effective targeting of nanoparticles to thyroid cancers using this receptor as a target. This review examines the evidence for TSHR signaling as an oncogenic pathway and assesses the evidence for ongoing TSHR expression in thyroid cancer metastases. Priorities for further research are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyJohn Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia Christopher.Rowe@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au.|School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.|Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.|Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Jonathan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastle, New South Wales, Australia.|Department of Medical OncologyCalvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia.|School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gedye
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.|Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Jorge M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tolosa
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.|Department of SurgeryJohn Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.
authors.forename: Cino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bendinelli
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyJohn Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.|School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors.forename: Shaun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyJohn Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.|School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.|Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin
keywords: TSH receptor; targeted therapy; theranostics; thyroid cancer