title: Beneficial Effects of Phyllanthus amarus Against High Fructose Diet Induced Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats.
abstract: Insulin resistance (IR) is a characteristic feature of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that the high-fructose consumption is a potential and important factor responsible for the rising incidence of IR. The present study investigates the beneficial effects of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus (PAAE) on IR and oxidative stress in high-fructose (HF) fed male Wistar rats. HF diet (66% of fructose) and PAAE (200 mg/kg body weight/day) were given concurrently to the rats for a period of 60 days. Fructose-fed rats showed weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, hyperleptinemia, and hypoadiponectinemia (P < 0.05) after 60 days. Co-administration of PAAE along with HF diet significantly ameliorated all these alterations. Regarding hepatic antioxidant status, higher lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, lower reduced glutathione levels and lower activities of enzymatic antioxidants, and the histopathological changes like mild to severe distortion of the normal architecture as well as the prominence and widening of the liver sinusoids observed in the HF diet-fed rats were significantly prevented by PAAE treatment. These findings indicate that PAAE is beneficial in improving insulin sensitivity and attenuating metabolic syndrome and hepatic oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, 515 003, India.
authors.forename: Mallaiah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Putakala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, 515 003, India.
authors.forename: Sudhakara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gujjala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, 515 003, India.
authors.forename: Srinivasulu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nukala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, 515 003, India. skumari1@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Saralakumari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desireddy
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D029803:Phyllanthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D005632:Fructose
keywords: High-fructose diet; Insulin resistance; Oral glucose tolerance test; Oxidative stress; Phyllanthus amarus