title: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and hearing disorders: Literature review and meta-analysis of clinical and temporal bone findings.
abstract: Objective This literature review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations among hearing and vestibular clinical symptoms, temporal bone findings, and pathological mechanisms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Study design Relevant papers in the literature were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical hearing aspects in patients with SLE and relevant temporal bone studies in the same field were analyzed. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar searches were performed using the following keywords: "auto-immune disease," "systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)," "hearing loss," "temporal bone study," "vertigo," "dizziness," "tinnitus," "ear symptoms," "treatment," "diagnosis," "symptoms," "etiopathogenesis," "Wegener granulomatosis," "Sjogren," "polyarteritis nodosa," "Cogan syndrome," and "granulomatosis." Also included were reviews in which the following terms were present: "SLE," "temporal bone," and "hearing symptoms." Review and conclusion This literature review and meta-analysis focused on the pathological mechanisms through which SLE can damage inner ear structures and determinate hearing and vestibular symptoms. The main mechanisms involved in inner ear damage include the autoimmune response, deposition of immune complexes in the vessels and, to a lesser extent, cytotoxic damage.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Stadio
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ralli
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015837:Vestibular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus; autoimmune disease; dizziness; hearing loss; tinnitus