title: Lead Induced Hepato-renal Damage in Male Albino Rats and Effects of Activated Charcoal.
abstract: Lead is a multi-organ toxicant implicated in various cancers, diseases of the hepatic, renal, and reproductive systems etc. In search of cheap and readily available antidote this study has investigated the role of activated charcoal in chronic lead exposure in albino rats. Eighteen mature male albino rats were used, divided into three groups of six rats per group. Group 1 (control rats) received deionised water (10 ml/kg), group 2 was given lead acetate solution 60 mg/kg and group 3 rats were given lead acetate (60 mg/kg) followed by Activated charcoal, AC (1000 mg/kg) by oral gavage daily for 28 days. Rats in group 2 showed significant increases in serum Aspartate aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase, Alanine aminotransferase, urea, bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein, Very Low Density Lipoproteins, Total White Blood Cell Counts, Malondialdehyde, Interleukin-6, and decreases in Packed Cell Volume, hemoglobin concentration, Red blood cell count, total proteins, albumins, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and total glutathione. Co-administration of AC significantly decreased these biomarkers with the exception of the sperm parameters. Histopathology of liver and kidney also confirmed the protective effective of AC against lead induced hepato-renal damage. AC may be beneficial in chronic lead induced liver and kidney damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo Uyo, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Samuel J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Offor
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo Uyo, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Herbert O C
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Mbagwu
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Orish E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Orisakwe
keywords: activated charcoal; biomarkers; chronic lead toxicity; hepato-renal damage; public health