title: A Pediatric Case of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome With Similar Radiographic Findings to Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome occurs predominantly in middle-aged women. Only nine pediatric patients with this syndrome have been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a ten-year-old boy with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome with radiographic findings similar to those of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). He presented with a thunderclap headache without a neurological deficit. Brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed multifocal narrowing of the cerebral arteries, whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery demonstrated hyperintense lesions in the occipital lobes and the left cerebellum. The patient's symptoms resolved spontaneously after a few hours with no recurrence. MRA on the second day showed a complete normalization of the affected arteries, and MRI after one month demonstrated improvement in the abnormal findings, leading to a diagnosis of RCVS with radiographic findings similar to those of PRES.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This child's findings suggests that, RCVS, with or without PRES, may occur in children who present with a thunderclap headache.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. Electronic address: kamide@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamide
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Misaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa Municipal Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsutoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakada
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051270:Headache Disorders, Primary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
keywords: pediatric; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome; thunderclap headache