title: Efficient Palladium-Catalyzed Alkoxycarbonylation of Bulk Industrial Olefins Using Ferrocenyl Phosphine Ligands.
abstract: The development of ligands plays a key role and provides important innovations in homogeneous catalysis. In this context, we report a novel class of ferrocenyl phosphines for the alkoxycarbonylation of industrially important alkenes. A basic feature of our ligands is the combination of sterically hindered and amphoteric moieties on the P atoms, which leads to improved activity and productivity for alkoxycarbonylation reactions compared to the current industrial state-of-the-art ligand 1,2-bis((di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl)benzene). Advantageously, palladium catalysts with these novel ligands also enable such transformations without additional acid under milder reaction conditions. The practicability of the optimized ligand was demonstrated by preparation on >10 g scale and its use in palladium-catalyzed carbonylations on kilogram scale.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Kaiwu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Xianjie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Evonik Performance Materials GmbH, Paul-Baumann-Strasse 1, 45772, Marl, Germany.|Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spannenberg
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Helfried
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jackstell
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5709-0965
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beller
keywords: carbonylation; ferrocenyl ligands; ligand design; olefins; palladium