title: Influence of sodium chloride content in electrolyte solution on electrochemical impedance measurements of human dentin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sodium chloride (NaCl) content in electrolyte solution on electrochemical impedance measurements of human dentin by employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dentin samples were prepared from extracted molars. Electrochemical impedance measurements were carried out over a wide frequency range (0.01Hz-10MHz). After measurements, samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electrochemical impedance measurements showed that the mean values of dentin electrical resistance were 4284, 2062, 1336, 53 and 48kΩ at different NaCl contents in electrolyte solution. One-way ANOVA test of mean values of dentin electrical resistance revealed a significant difference (P< 0.0001) as a function of NaCl content in electrolyte solution. Comparing electrical resistance values of dentin samples at 0.05% w/v and 0.9% w/v concentrations were found to be significantly different (P< 0.05 at 95% confidence level). Scanning electron microscopy revealed structure of dentin sample with intertubular dentin matrix and distribution of patent dentinal tubules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thisin vitrostudy indicated, through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, that electrical resistance of dentin was affected by the concentration of NaCl in electrolyte solution. It is clear from the current study that NaCl concentration in electrolyte solution has a marked influence on dentin electrical resistance. Therefore, this baseline data need to be considered in any future study on dental samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Postgraduation, City of London Dental School, London, UK.
authors.forename: Aziza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eldarrat
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Services, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: High
authors.affiliation: Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kale
keywords: Electric impedance; dentin; electrical; resistance; scanning electron microscopies; sodium chloride; spectroscopy