title: Perceptual significance of seat-dip effect related direct sound coloration in concert halls.
abstract: In concert halls, the spectrum of direct sound (here 0 to 15 ms) is influenced by the seat-dip effect that causes selective low frequency attenuation. The seat-dip effect has been considered to be detrimental to the acoustic quality of halls, yet there is little evidence about the perceptual significance of the effect. This paper studies the discrimination and preference of seat-dip effect related changes in the direct sound, with realistic auralization of multichannel anechoic orchestra recordings in halls measured with the loudspeaker orchestra. Comparisons are made with a free-field direct sound and direct sound magnitude changes typically associated with the seat-dip effect. Overall, the differences were not significantly audible, except with a subgroup of participants in one out of four halls, and two out of three comparisons. Furthermore, participants' preference for the uncolored direct sound was significant in the halls with less reflected energy, but non-significant in the halls with more reflected energy. The results imply that for most seats in adequately reverberant halls, typical seat-dip effect related coloration in the direct sound can be perceptually negligible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Henna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tahvanainen
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haapaniemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.forename: Tapio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lokki
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000162:Acoustics; D000328:Adult; D001307:Auditory Perception; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005160:Facility Design and Construction / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009038:Motion; D009146:Music; D013016:Sound; D013997:Time Factors; D014732:Vibration