title: Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised Very Short Form: A New Factor Structure's Associations With Parenting Perceptions and Child Language Outcomes.
abstract: The Infant Behavior Questionnaire Revised-Very Short Form (IBQ-R VSF; Putnam, Helbig, Gartstein, Rothbart, & Leerkes, 2014 ) is a new publicly available measure of infant temperament measuring positive affectivity/surgency (PAS), negative emotionality (NEG), and orienting and regulatory capacity (ORC). Although the initial psychometric properties of the 3-factor model appear promising, it has not been administered to a large and diverse sample and its predictive validity has not been established. This study administered the IBQ-R VSF to a diverse sample of 5,639 mothers of infants aged between 23 and 52 weeks. Confirmatory factor analysis found that the 3-factor solution did not meet the requirement for satisfactory model fit. Exploratory factor analysis found that a 5-factor solution (PAS, NEG, Orienting Capacity, Affiliation/Regulation, and Fear) was statistically and conceptually the most parsimonious. All 5 temperament dimensions were found to relate to both mother- and partner-reported infant closeness, parenting confidence, and parenting satisfaction, and four of the dimensions (PAS, Orienting Capacity, NEG, and Fear) related to the infants' communication development. Some parental differences were also found. Together these findings suggest that the 5-factor IBQ-R VSF is a promising measure of infant temperament and is related to parenting perceptions and child language development.
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology , The University of Auckland , New Zealand.|b Centre for Longitudinal Research-He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology , The University of Auckland , New Zealand.|b Centre for Longitudinal Research-He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Waldie
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Longitudinal Research-He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Jatender
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohal
authors.affiliation: c Department of Psychology , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Longitudinal Research-He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Polly E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Atatoa Carr
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Longitudinal Research-He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.|d Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health , The University of Auckland , New Zealand.|e Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland District Health Board , Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Cameron C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Longitudinal Research-He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.|f School of Population Health, The University of Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Susan M B
authors.initials: SMB
authors.lastname: Morton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018730:Infant Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology