title: Poly(malic acid) bearing Doxorubicin and N-Acetyl Galactosamine as a site-specific prodrug for targeting hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: In the past, several systems of drug delivery carriers have been designed with a high capacity to target specific cells and/or tissues and a reduced non-specific toxicity. In this context, we synthesized and characterized novel poly(malic acid) derivatives bearing Doxorubicin (Dox), Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and/or N-Acetyl Galactosamine (NAcGal) for drug delivery. These poly(malic acid) derivatives were obtained by chemical modification of the carboxylic acid lateral groups of poly(malic acid) (PMLA). The resulting nanoplatforms were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity using the human HepaRG hepatoma cell line. Results reveal that the PMLA nanoplatform modified with PEG and Dox has an IC50of 936 nM corresponding to a Dox concentration of 47 nM, while the grafting of NAcGal onto the nanoplatform reduced the IC50to 527 nM corresponding to a Dox concentration of 26 nM. The presence of the targeting moiety, NAcGal, thus improves the cellular toxicity of the Dox.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , JSS College of Pharmacy (Constituent of JSS University, Mysore, India) , Ootacamund , India.|c Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR), Team Corint, ISCR, University of Rennes 1 , Rennes , France.
authors.forename: Nivishna
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Venkatraj
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , JSS College of Pharmacy (Constituent of JSS University, Mysore, India) , Ootacamund , India.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nanjan
authors.affiliation: b INSERM, INRA, University of Rennes 1, University of Bretagne Loire, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan) , Rennes , France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loyer
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , JSS College of Pharmacy (Constituent of JSS University, Mysore, India) , Ootacamund , India.
authors.forename: M J N
authors.initials: MJN
authors.lastname: Chandrasekar
authors.affiliation: b INSERM, INRA, University of Rennes 1, University of Bretagne Loire, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan) , Rennes , France.|c Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR), Team Corint, ISCR, University of Rennes 1 , Rennes , France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cammas Marion
mesh_terms: D000116:Acetylgalactosamine / Q000737:chemistry*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008293:Malates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008293:Malates; D011108:Polymers; D011355:Prodrugs; C121060:poly(malic acid); D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D004317:Doxorubicin; D000116:Acetylgalactosamine
keywords: Doxorubicin; N-Acetyl Galactosamine; Poly(malic acid) prodrug; hepatocellular carcinoma