title: Control of gene editing by manipulation of DNA repair mechanisms.
abstract: DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are produced intentionally by RNA-guided nucleases to achieve genome editing through DSB repair. These breaks are repaired by one of two main repair pathways, classic non-homologous end joining (c-NHEJ) and homology-directed repair (HDR), the latter being restricted to the S/G2 phases of the cell cycle and notably less frequent. Precise genome editing applications rely on HDR, with the abundant c-NHEJ formed mutations presenting a barrier to achieving high rates of precise sequence modifications. Here, we give an overview of HDR- and c-NHEJ-mediated DSB repair in gene editing and summarize the current efforts to promote HDR over c-NHEJ.
authors.affiliation: Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Danner
authors.affiliation: Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.|Berlin Institute of Health, Kapelle-Ufer 2, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sanum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.affiliation: Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.|Berlin Institute of Health, Kapelle-Ufer 2, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Saniye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yumlu
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.|Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.|Chair of Developmental Genetics, Technische Universität München-Weihenstephan, c/o Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.|Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wurst
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.|Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Benedikt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wefers
authors.affiliation: Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. ralf.kuehn@mdc-berlin.de.|Berlin Institute of Health, Kapelle-Ufer 2, 10117, Berlin, Germany. ralf.kuehn@mdc-berlin.de.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1694-9803
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kühn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems; D059766:DNA End-Joining Repair; D004260:DNA Repair; D000072669:Gene Editing; D055879:Gene Knock-In Techniques; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D005820:Genetic Testing; D059765:Homologous Recombination; D006801:Humans; D059767:Recombinational DNA Repair; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Gene Editing; Homologous Recombination; Homologous Recombination Pathway; Repair Template; U2OS Cell