title: Cadmium exposure and its association with serum uric acid and hyperuricemia.
abstract: Few studies have investigated the association between serum uric acid (UA) and cadmium exposure. Our previous study revealed a significantly higher blood cadmium (CdB) level in the Chinese population compared to populations in other countries. To determine whether CdB in Chinese adults is associated with serum UA and hyperuricemia, 2996 participants from the cross-sectional SPECT-China study were recruited. CdB was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum UA concentration ≥416.4 μmol/L for men and ≥356.9 μmol/L for women. Regression analyses were used to analyze the association of CdB with serum UA and hyperuricemia. We found that the median CdB level was higher in men with hyperuricemia (2.40 μg/L) than in men without hyperuricemia (1.98 μg/L, P < 0.05). A positive relationship between serum UA and CdB was found in Chinese men after adjusting for the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), current smoking status, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and body mass index and in participants with eGFR > 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Further, the odds ratio of hyperuricemia increased with increasing CdB quartiles (P for trend < 0.05) in men. In conclusion, CdB was positively related to the serum UA level and to hyperuricemia in Chinese men but not in Chinese women.
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Honglin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ningjian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Fangzhen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yingchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hualing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Boren
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. hub1093@2m9h.net.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. luyingli2008@126.com.
authors.forename: Yingli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D002104:Cadmium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D002104:Cadmium; D014527:Uric Acid