title: Role of the Enterocyte in Fructose-Induced Hypertriglyceridaemia.
abstract: Dietary fructose has been linked to an increased post-prandial triglyceride (TG) level; which is an established independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although much research has focused on the effects of fructose consumption on liver-derived very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL); emerging evidence also suggests that fructose may raise post-prandial TG levels by affecting the metabolism of enterocytes of the small intestine. Enterocytes have become well recognised for their ability to transiently store lipids following a meal and to thus control post-prandial TG levels according to the rate of chylomicron (CM) lipoprotein synthesis and secretion. The influence of fructose consumption on several aspects of enterocyte lipid metabolism are discussed; including de novo lipogenesis; apolipoprotein B48 and CM-TG production; based on the findings of animal and human isotopic tracer studies. Methodological issues affecting the interpretation of fructose studies conducted to date are highlighted; including the accurate separation of CM and VLDL. Although the available evidence to date is limited; disruption of enterocyte lipid metabolism may make a meaningful contribution to the hypertriglyceridaemia often associated with fructose consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK. s.steenson@surrey.ac.uk.|Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK. s.steenson@surrey.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steenson
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK. m.umpleby@surrey.ac.uk.
authors.forename: A Margot
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Umpleby
authors.affiliation: Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK. B.Fielding@surrey.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lovegrove
authors.affiliation: Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK. j.a.lovegrove@reading.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kim G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK. k.g.jackson@reading.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Fielding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002914:Chylomicrons; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose
keywords: apoB48; cardiovascular disease; chylomicron; de novo lipogenesis; fructose; glucagon-like peptide; gluconeogenesis; post-prandial; triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; very low-density lipoprotein