title: Circular RNAs in heart failure.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease, and particularly heart failure, is still a serious health care issue for which novel treatments and biomarkers are needed. The RNA family comprises different subgroups, among which the small-sized microRNAs and the larger long non-coding RNAs have shown some potential to aid in moving personalized health care of heart failure patients a step forward. Here, members of the Cardiolinc network review the recent findings suggesting that the less well-known circular RNAs may constitute a novel reservoir of therapeutic targets and biomarkers of heart failure. The knowledge of the mode of biogenesis of circular RNAs will first be reported, followed by a description of different features that make these RNA molecules of interest for the heart failure community. The functions of circular RNAs in the heart will be described, with some emphasis given to their regulation in the failing heart. Circulating in the bloodstream, circular RNAs have appeared as potential biomarkers and recent findings associated with the use of circular RNAs as heart failure biomarkers will be discussed. Finally, some directions for future research will be provided.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.affiliation: Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Esther E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Creemers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.|Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Reinier A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Boon
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stanislas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Werfel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.|National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thum
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dimmeler
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Squire
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000079962:RNA, Circular
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000079962:RNA, Circular; D012313:RNA
keywords: Biomarkers; Circular RNAs; Heart failure; Non-coding RNAs; Therapeutic targets; Transcriptomics