title: Short- and Long-term Progress of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis After Subtotal Esophagectomy.
abstract: To clarify risk factors and long-term progress of postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (PRNP) in patients with esophageal cancer.
  
  
  
  One hundred and twenty-five esophageal cancer patients, who underwent subtotal esophagetomy, including recurrent laryngeal nerve lymphadenectomy, were analyzed. A laryngoscopy was routinely performed to assess the motility of vocal cords.
  
  
  
  PRNP was detected in 79 patients and 26 (20.8%) patients required medical interventions (Grade II or more by the Clavien-Dindo classification; group II). Forty-one of 66 (62.1%) patients recovered from PRNP with a median postoperative time of 135 days. The three-field lymphadenectomy and long operative time were the independent prognostic factors of group II.
  
  
  
  Radical operation caused PRNP with grade II or more. The long-term follow-up of vocal cords was necessary to detect patients with either transient or permanent PRNP.
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan shiozaki@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiozaki
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuga
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Eigo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Otsuji
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D012009:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Esophageal cancer; laryngoscopy; radical lymphadenectomy