title: biMM: efficient estimation of genetic variances and covariances for cohorts with high-dimensional phenotype measurements.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic research utilizes a decomposition of trait variances and covariances into genetic and environmental parts. Our software package biMM is a computationally efficient implementation of a bivariate linear mixed model for settings where hundreds of traits have been measured on partially overlapping sets of individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implementation in R freely available at www.iki.fi/mpirinen .
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  matti.pirinen@helsinki.fi.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pirinen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benner
authors.affiliation: Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT and Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marttinen
authors.affiliation: Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.|Center for Life Course and Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Marjo-Riitta
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Järvelin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Manuel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Samuli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ripatti
mesh_terms: D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population / Q000379:methods*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012984:Software