title: The association of psychopathology with concurrent level of functioning and subjective well-being in persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
abstract: The objective is to investigate the relationship between psychopathology measured by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and concurrent global assessment of functioning (GAF) and subjective well-being under neuroleptics (SWN) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) regarding severity of illness and disease phase. We analyzed a sample of 202 SSD patients consisting of first episode psychosis (FEP) and multiple episode psychosis (MEP) patients followed up to 12 months using linear mixed models. All PANSS syndromes except excitement were associated with GAF scores (positive syndrome: p < 0.001, d = 1.21; negative syndrome: p = 0.029, d = 0.015; disorganized syndrome: p < 0.001, d = 0.37; anxiety/depression syndrome: p < 0.001, d = 0.49), and positive symptoms had an increasing impact on global functioning with higher severity of illness (mildly ill: p = 0.039, d = 0.22; moderately ill: p < 0.001, d = 0.28; severely ill: p < 0.001, d = 0.69). SWN was associated with positive (p = 0.002, d = 0.22) and anxiety/depression (p < 0.001, d = 0.38) syndromes. Subgroup analyses showed differing patterns depending on illness severity and phase. Over all our results show different patterns of associations of psychopathology and concurrent functioning and subjective well-being. These findings contribute knowledge on the possible role of specific psychopathological syndromes for the functioning and well-being of our patients and may enable tailored treatments depending on severity and phase of illness.
authors.affiliation: Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Universität Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland. lisa.hochstrasser@upkbs.ch.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-2478
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hochstrasser
authors.affiliation: Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Universität Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borgwardt
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern, Effingerstr. 12, 3011, Bern, Switzerland.|Klinik für Kinder- und Jugend-psychiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Benno G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Schimmelmann
authors.affiliation: Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Universität Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Undine E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Universität Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland.|Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychiatrie, Fakultät für Psychologie, Universität Basel, Missionsstr. 60/62, 4055, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rolf-Dieter
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Stieglitz
authors.affiliation: Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Universität Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland.|Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Huber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: First episode psychosis; Location index; Multiple episode psychosis; PANSS; Vocation index