title: Oncolytic Virotherapy and Gene Therapy Strategies for Hepatobiliary Cancers.
abstract: Advanced liver cancers and biliary cancers represent diseases with dismal prognosis because of frequent local invasion and metastasis. Effective therapeutic agents for these cancers have not been established. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) constitute a novel class of promising, selective anticancer agents and recent studies have elucidated their unique features. Moreover, clinical trials are demonstrating promising results. Numerous OVs are being tested in preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The lead agent Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirepvec, JX-594), a recombinant Wyeth strain vaccinia virus, has demonstrated preliminary evidence of safety and efficacy for HCC in clinical trials. Few other OVs have entered clinical testing. Relatively few preclinical studies and clinical trials exist for biliary cancers. In this review, we introduce various approaches using OVs to treat the intractable hepatobiliary cancers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell Research, Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 80708 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kazunari K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichinosuke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hyodo
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicne, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Gene therapy; adenovirus; bile duct cancer; gallbladder cancer; oncolytic virus; virotherapy