title: Clinical impact and value of workstation single sign-on.
abstract: CHRISTUS Health began implementation of computer workstation single sign-on (SSO) in 2015. SSO technology utilizes a badge reader placed at each workstation where clinicians swipe or "tap" their identification badges.
  
  
  
  To assess the impact of SSO implementation in reducing clinician time logging in to various clinical software programs, and in financial savings from migrating to a thin client that enabled replacement of traditional hard drive computer workstations.
  
  
  
  Following implementation of SSO, a total of 65,202 logins were sampled systematically during a 7day period among 2256 active clinical end users for time saved in 6 facilities when compared to pre-implementation. Dollar values were assigned to the time saved by 3 groups of clinical end users: physicians, nurses and ancillary service providers.
  
  
  
  The reduction of total clinician login time over the 7day period showed a net gain of 168.3h per week of clinician time - 28.1h (2.3 shifts) per facility per week. Annualized, 1461.2h of mixed physician and nursing time is liberated per facility per annum (121.8 shifts of 12h per year). The annual dollar cost savings of this reduction of time expended logging in is $92,146 per hospital per annum and $1,658,745 per annum in the first phase implementation of 18 hospitals. Computer hardware equipment savings due to desktop virtualization increases annual savings to $2,333,745. Qualitative value contributions to clinician satisfaction, reduction in staff turnover, facilitation of adoption of EHR applications, and other benefits of SSO are discussed.
  
  
  
  SSO had a positive impact on clinician efficiency and productivity in the 6 hospitals evaluated, and is an effective and cost-effective method to liberate clinician time from repetitive and time consuming logins to clinical software applications.
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Health, 919 Hidden Ridge, Irving, TX, 75038, United States. Electronic address: ggellert33@gmail.com.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gellert
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Health, 919 Hidden Ridge, Irving, TX, 75038, United States.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Crouch
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Health, 919 Hidden Ridge, Irving, TX, 75038, United States.
authors.forename: Lynn A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Health, 919 Hidden Ridge, Irving, TX, 75038, United States.
authors.forename: George S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Conklin
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Health, 919 Hidden Ridge, Irving, TX, 75038, United States.
authors.forename: S Luke
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.affiliation: CHRISTUS Health, 919 Hidden Ridge, Irving, TX, 75038, United States.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gillean
mesh_terms: D022126:Access to Information; D016494:Computer Security; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D006801:Humans; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval; D010820:Physicians; D012984:Software
keywords: Clinical workstation security; Computer workstation login; Single sign-on