title: Human papillomavirus in cervical cancer and oropharyngeal cancer: One cause, two diseases.
abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes greater than 5% of cancers worldwide, including all cervical cancers and an alarmingly increasing proportion of oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs). Despite markedly reduced cervical cancer incidence in industrialized nations with organized screening programs, cervical cancer remains the second most common cause of death from cancer in women worldwide, as developing countries lack resources for universal, high-quality screening. In the United States, HPV-related OPC is only 1 of 5 cancers with a rising incidence since 1975 and now has taken over the cervix as the most common site of HPV-related cancer. Similar trends follow throughout North America and Europe. The need for early detection and prevention is paramount. Despite the common etiologic role of HPV in the development of cervical cancer and HPV-associated OPC, great disparity exists between incidence, screening modalities (or lack thereof), treatment, and prevention in these 2 very distinct cohorts. These differences in cervical cancer and HPV-associated OPC and their impact are discussed here. Cancer 2017;123:2219-2229. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.|Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Tara A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Schiller
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines
keywords: cervical cancer; human papillomavirus (HPV); oropharyngeal cancer; vaccine