title: Associations Between Daily Affective Instability and Connectomics in Functional Subnetworks in Remitted Patients with Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder.
abstract: Remitted patients with major depressive disorder (rMDD) often report more fluctuations in mood as residual symptomatology. It is unclear how this affective instability is associated with information processing related to the default mode (DMS), salience/reward (SRS), and frontoparietal (FPS) subnetworks in rMDD patients at high risk of recurrence (rrMDD). Sixty-two unipolar, drug-free rrMDD patients (⩾2 MDD episodes) and 41 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We used experience sampling methodology to monitor mood/cognitions (10 times a day for 6 days) and calculated affective instability using the mean adjusted absolute successive difference. Subsequently, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and performed graph theory to obtain network metrics of integration within (local efficiency) the DMS, SRS, and FPS, and between (participation coefficient) these subnetworks and others. In rrMDD patients compared with HCs, we found that affective instability was increased in most negative mood/cognition variables and that the DMS had less connections with other subnetworks. Furthermore, we found that rrMDD patients, who showed more instability in feeling down and irritated, had less connections between the SRS and other subnetworks and higher local efficiency coefficients in the FPS, respectively. In conclusion, rrMDD patients, compared with HCs, are less stable in their negative mood and these dynamics are related to differences in information processing within- and between-specific functional subnetworks. These results are a first step to gain a better understanding of how mood fluctuations in real life are represented in the brain and provide insights into the vulnerability profile of MDD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Neuroimaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michelle N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Servaas
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harriëtte
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riese
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Neuroimaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Remco J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Renken
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wichers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Education and Research, Friesland Mental Health Care Services, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jojanneke A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bastiaansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Caroline A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Neuroimaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hanneke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Geugies
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roel Jt
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mocking
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geerligs
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Neuroimaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan-Bernard C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Marsman
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Neuroimaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aleman
authors.affiliation: Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aart H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Schene
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Schoevers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warnford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Henricus G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Ruhé
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D063132:Connectome; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012008:Recurrence; D012146:Rest