title: Interactions of iron with manganese, zinc, chromium, and selenium as related to prophylaxis and treatment of iron deficiency.
abstract: Iron (Fe) deficiency is considered as the most common nutritional deficiency. Iron deficiency is usually associated with low Fe intake, blood loss, diseases, poor absorption, gastrointestinal parasites, or increased physiological demands as in pregnancy. Nutritional Fe deficiency is usually treated with Fe tablets, sometimes with Fe-containing multimineral tablets. Trace element interactions may have a significant impact on Fe status. Existing data demonstrate a tight interaction between manganese (Mn) and Fe, especially in Fe-deficient state. The influence of Mn on Fe homeostasis may be mediated through its influence on Fe absorption, circulating transporters like transferrin, and regulatory proteins. The existing data demonstrate that the influence of zinc (Zn) on Fe status may be related to their competition for metal transporters. Moreover, Zn may be involved in regulation of hepcidin production. At the same time, human data on the interplay between Fe and Zn especially in terms of Fe-deficiency and supplementation are contradictory, demonstrating both positive and negative influence of Zn on Fe status. Numerous data also demonstrate the possibility of competition between Fe and chromium (Cr) for transferrin binding. At the same time, human data on the interaction between these metals are contradictory. Therefore, while managing hypoferremia and Fe-deficiency anemia, it is recommended to assess the level of other trace elements in parallel with indices of Fe homeostasis. It is supposed that simultaneous correction of trace element status in Fe deficiency may help to decrease possible antagonistic or increase synergistic interactions.
authors.affiliation: Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway. Electronic address: bjorklund@conem.org.
authors.forename: Geir
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bjørklund
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway; Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aaseth
authors.affiliation: RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Anatoly V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Skalny
authors.affiliation: Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suliburska
authors.affiliation: RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Margarita G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Skalnaya
authors.affiliation: Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia; Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexandr A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nikonorov
authors.affiliation: RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tinkov
mesh_terms: D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D002857:Chromium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008345:Manganese / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium; D008345:Manganese; D007501:Iron; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Chromium; Iron; Iron deficiency; Manganese; Selenium; Zinc