title: Fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
abstract: The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on breast cancer prognosis is controversial. Thus, a meta-analysis was carried out to explore their associations. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, ProQuest and Chinese databases from inception to April 2016. The summary hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI were estimated using a random effects model if substantial heterogeneity existed and using a fixed effects model if not. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed. In total, twelve studies comprising 41 185 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Comparing the highest with the lowest, the summary HR for all-cause mortality were 1·01 (95 % CI 0·72, 1·42) for fruits and vegetables combined, 0·96 (95 % CI 0·83, 1·12) for total vegetable intake, 0·99 (95 % CI 0·89, 1·11) for cruciferous vegetable intake and 0·88 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·05) for fruit intake; those for breast cancer-specific mortality were 1·05 (95 % CI 0·77, 1·43) for total vegetable intake and 0·94 (95 % CI 0·69, 1·26) for fruit intake; and those for breast cancer recurrence were 0·89 (95 % CI 0·53, 1·50) for total vegetable intake and 0·98 (95 % CI 0·76, 1·26) for cruciferous vegetable intake. This meta-analysis found no significant associations between fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer prognosis.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei-Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510080,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cai-Xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002681:China; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014675:Vegetables
keywords:  HR hazard ratio; Breast cancer; Fruits and vegetables; Meta-analyses; Mortality; Recurrence