title: Neuroprotective effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles in a rat model of experimental diabetic neuropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neuropathies are a nerve disorders that caused by diabetes. Neuropathy affects over 50% of diabetic patients. High blood glucose and their toxic byproducts are the main causes for nerve dysfunction. In the present study, we examined the neroprotective effects of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles in diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats divided into four groups: control group, diabetic group, the diabetic group treated with CeO2nanoparticle at a dose of 65mg/kg and diabetic group received CeO2nanoparticle at a dose of 85mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 65mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). 8 weeks after the induction of diabetes, body weight and pain sensitivity in all groups were measured. The blood sample was collected for biochemical analysis. The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were isolated for histopathological stain and morphometric parameters studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduction of body weight, total thiol molecules (TTM), total antioxidant power (TAP) and ADP/ATP ratio in diabetic rat was reversed by CeO2nanoparticles administration. We showed that lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nociception latency were significantly increased in STZ-treated rats and decreased after CeO2nanoparticles administration. DRG neurons showed obvious vacuole and various changes in diameter, area and the count of A and B cells in STZ-diabetic rat. CeO2nanoparticles improved the histopathology and morphological abnormalities of DRG neurons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study concluded the CeO2nanoparticles have a protective effect against the development of DN.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Rezvan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.affiliation: Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Asieh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghaznavi
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehrzadi
authors.affiliation: Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: sharifalim@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sharifi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002563:Cerium / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide
keywords: CeO(2) nanoparticles; Diabetic neuropathy; Dorsal root ganglion; High glucose; Oxidative stress