title: Development and Application of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Stability-Indicating Assay for Beyond-Use Date Determination of Compounded Topical Gels Containing Multiple Active Drugs.
abstract: Topical gels compounded by pharmacists are important clinical tools for the management of pain. Nevertheless, there is often a dearth of information about the chemical stability of drugs included in these topical formulations, complicating the assignment of beyond-use dating. The purpose of this study was to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array-based stability-indicating assay that could simultaneously resolve six drugs (amitriptyline, baclofen, clonidine, gabapentin, ketoprofen, lidocaine) commonly included in topical gels for pain management and their potential degradation products. Furthermore, this method was applied to the determination of beyond-use dating of combinations of these drugs prepared in commonly utilized bases (Lipobase, Lipoderm, Pluronic organogel). Gabapentin was determined to be the least stable component in all formulations tested. Measured stability ranged between 7 to 49 days depending on the base and other active drugs present in the formulation. In the absence of gabapentin, baclofen was the next least stable component, lasting for 120 days, regardless of the type of formulating base used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama. ggorman@samford.edu.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Simara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sokom
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coward
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Arnold
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000588:Amines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000737:chemistry; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D001418:Baclofen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000592:standards; D003000:Clonidine / Q000737:chemistry; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004355:Drug Stability; D000077206:Gabapentin; D005782:Gels; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000737:chemistry; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000737:chemistry; D016014:Linear Models; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D000700:Analgesics; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D020442:Poloxamer; D000639:Amitriptyline; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000077206:Gabapentin; D007660:Ketoprofen; D008012:Lidocaine; D001418:Baclofen; D003000:Clonidine