title: Green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using Tamarind fruit extract for the antibacterial studies.
abstract: In the present study, first time we report the microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Tamarindus indica natural fruit extract. The plant extract plays a dual role of reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of AgNPs. The formation of spherical shape AgNPs is confirmed by XRD, HR-SEM, and HR-TEM. The presence of face-centered cubic (FCC) silver is confirmed by XRD studies and the average crystallite size of AgNPs is calculated to be around 6-8nm. The average particle diameter is found to be around 10nm, which is identified from HR-TEM images. The purity of AgNPs is confirmed by EDX analysis. The presence of sigmoid curve in UV-Visible absorption spectra suggests that the reaction has complicated kinetic features. To investigate the functional groups of the extract and their involvement in the reduction of AgNO3to form AgNPs, FT-IR studies are carried out. The redox peaks are observed in cyclic voltammetry in the potential range of -1.2 to +1.2V, due to the redox active components of the T. indica fruit extract. In photoluminescence spectroscopy, the excited and emission peaks were obtained at 432nm and 487nm, respectively. The as-prepared AgNPs showed good results towards antibacterial activities. Hence, the present approach is a facile, cost- effective, reproducible, eco-friendly, and green method.
authors.affiliation: Catalysis and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India; Department of Chemistry, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai 603 203, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jayaprakash
authors.affiliation: Catalysis and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India. Electronic address: judithvijjaya@loyolacollege.edu.
authors.forename: J Judith
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Vijaya
authors.affiliation: UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P O Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaviyarasu
authors.affiliation: Catalysis and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kombaiah
authors.affiliation: Materials Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Chennai Campus, Chennai 600 048, India.
authors.forename: L John
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: R Jothi
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ramalingam
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Murugan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Munusamy
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hamad A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Al-Lohedan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012834:Silver; D029861:Tamarindus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Electron microscopy; Green synthesis; Silver nanoparticles; UV–Visible spectroscopy