title: Comparisons of the Postprandial Inflammatory and Endotoxaemic Responses to Mixed Meals in Young and Older Individuals: A Randomised Trial.
abstract: Postprandial inflammation and endotoxaemia are determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk which are amplified by high fat meals. We aimed to examine the determinants of postprandial inflammation and endotoxaemia in older and younger adults following a high fat mixed meal. In a randomised cross-over trial, healthy participants aged 20-25 and 60-75 years (n= 15/group) consumed a high-fat breakfast and a low-fat breakfast. Plasma taken at baseline and post-meal for 5 h was analysed for circulating endotoxin, cytokines (monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), and inflammatory gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Older subjects had lower baseline PBMC expression of Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX-1) but greater insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and circulating MCP-1 compared to younger subjects. After either meal, there were no age differences in plasma, chylomicron endotoxin, or plasma LBP concentrations, nor in inflammatory cytokine gene and protein expression (MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α). Unlike younger participants, the older group had decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2 expression after the meals. After a high-fat meal, older adults have no increased inflammatory or endotoxin response, but an altered oxidative stress gene response compared with younger adults. Healthy older adults, without apparent metabolic dysfunction, have a comparable postprandial inflammatory and endotoxaemia response to younger adults.
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. a.milan@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Amber M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Milan
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. s.pundir@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Shikha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pundir
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. c.pileggi@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Chantal A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pileggi
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. j.markworth@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Markworth
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Warun Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia. paul.lewandowski@deakin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. d.cameron-smith@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cameron-Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D062408:Breakfast; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D058620:Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: ageing; endotoxaemia; high fat meals; inflammation; oxidative stress