title: Epicardial clip occlusion of the left atrial appendage during cardiac surgery provides optimal surgical results and long-term stability.
abstract: Occlusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) has become an integral and important part of the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. Different methods of surgical occlusion of the LAA have been associated with varying levels of short- and long-term success for closure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term results of epicardial placement and endocardial occlusion in patients undergoing cardiac operative procedures.
  
  
  
  A total of 101 patients (average age 65.7 years) undergoing cardiac operative procedures with the epicardial AtriClip Exclusion System of the LAA were enrolled in the study. The AtriClip was placed via a sternotomy or a thoracotomy or from a thoracoscopic approach. Postoperative variables, such as thromboembolic events, clip stability and endocardial leakage around the device, were examined by transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and/or computed tomography.
  
  
  
  Perioperative clip implantation was achieved in 98% of patients. TEE and/or computed tomography conducted during the follow-up period, comprising 1873 patient-months with a mean duration of 18 ± 11 months, revealed no clip migration, no leakage around the device and no clot formation near the remnant cul-de-sac. During the follow-up period, 4 of the cardiac patients experienced transitory ischaemic attacks, whereas no patient experienced a cerebrovascular attack.
  
  
  
  The Epicardial AtriClip Exclusion System of the LAA appears to be a feasable and safe operative method with a high success rate. Long-term follow-up confirmed clip stability, complete occlussion of the LAA and absence of any atrial fibrilation-related thromboembolic events. These results need to be confirmed by a larger, multicentre study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital of Ceské Budejovice, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vojtech
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kurfirst
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital of Ceské Budejovice, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mokrácek
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital of Ceské Budejovice, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Júlia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Canádyová
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital of Ceské Budejovice, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Radim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frána
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital of Ceské Budejovice, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zeman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020517:Atrial Appendage / Q000601:surgery*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: AtriClip; Atrial fibrillation; Left atrial appendage closure