title: Toxicity of an Annonin-Based Commercial Bioinsecticide Against Three Primary Pest Species of Stored Products.
abstract: The effects of a bioinsecticide formulation based on extract of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) containing 10,000 mg L-1of acetogenin annonin as the main active ingredient were investigated against three primary pest species of stored grains in Brazil [maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), and cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)] by means of residual contact bioassays. In a concentration-dependent manner, the annonin-based commercial bioinsecticide caused significant adult mortality of C. maculatus (LC50= 6890 μL kg-1), S. zeamais (LC50= 2781 μL kg-1), and Z. subfasciatus (LC50= 2120 μL kg-1) after 120 h of residual contact exposure. In addition to acute toxicity, the tested bioinsecticide also promoted a significant reduction of the number of eggs laid by females of C. maculatus (EC50= 5949.7 μL kg-1) and Z. subfasciatus (EC50= 552.7 μL kg-1). Moreover, the bioinsecticide significantly reduced the number of emerged insects (F1generation) of C. maculatus (EC50= 2763.0 μL kg-1), S. zeamais (EC50= 1380.8 μL kg-1), and Z. subfasciatus (EC50= 561.5 μL kg-1). The bioinsecticide also reduced the percentage of damaged grains for the three pest species studied, and its grain-protectant properties are comparable to or superior in efficacy in relation to a diatomaceous earth-based insecticide (Insecto® at 1000 mg kg-1) used as a positive control. Thus, this standardized formulation has promising bioactivity against stored insect species and can be a useful component for IPM of stored grains in Brazil and elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: EPAGRI/CEPAF, Av. Servidão Ferdinando Tusset S/N, São Cristóvão, CEP 89801-970, Chapecó, SC, Brasil. leandro_universidade@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: O Z
authors.initials: OZ
authors.lastname: Zanardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: G L P
authors.initials: GLP
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Ansante
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Vendramim
mesh_terms: D054378:Acetogenins; D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D061046:Biological Control Agents; D001938:Brazil; D007887:Fabaceae; D005260:Female; D061353:Food Storage; D007306:Insecticides; D008297:Male; D000070658:Vigna; D048889:Weevils; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D054378:Acetogenins; D061046:Biological Control Agents; D007306:Insecticides
keywords: Annona squamosa; Callosobruchus maculatus; Sitophilus zeamais; Zabrotes subfasciatus; acetogenins; sustainable pest management