title: Propofol and sufentanil may affect the patients' sleep quality independently of the surgical stress response: a prospective nonrandomized controlled trial in 1033 patients' undergone diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
abstract: It is unknown whether sedative per se contributes to the postoperative sleep disturbance. Diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) is a minimally invasive procedure which is not likely to cause tissue trauma and pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality of patients undergoing routine (without sedative) diagnostic UGE or UGE with sedative, before, 1 week, and 1 month after the procedure.
  
  
  
  One thousand and thirty-three patients undergoing UGE were enrolled. Patients chose sedative or without sedative. Propofol and sufentanil were administered to the sedative group, not allowed for the routine group. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was measured before, 1 week and 1 month after the procedure.
  
  
  
  Five hundred and ten patients were enrolled in the sedative group and 523 in the routine group. One week after the procedure, patients in the sedative group showed significantly higher PSQI scores (worse sleep quality) than the baseline PSQI scores (p < 0.001), but there was no significant change for the routine group in the same period (p = 0.096). One month after the procedure, there was no significant difference in PSQI scores between the two groups compared with the baseline values (p = 0.358 for sedative group, p = 0.161 for routine group). There were also no significant difference in the PSQI scores between the two groups in the entire 1 month follow-up period (p = 0.885).
  
  
  
  The sedative group showed impaired sleep quality 1 week after diagnostic UGE. Propofol and sufentanil may independently affect the sleep quality of patients after sedative of diagnostic UGE for only one week.
  
  
  
  This study is registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( IDChiCTR-OCH-13003128 ). Registered 2 April 2013.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.|Current address: Department of Anaesthesiology, AVIC 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, People's Republic of China. zerodq_hx@163.com.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China. xwtao.zhu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D017409:Sufentanil; D015742:Propofol
keywords: Anaesthetics; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Propofol; Sleep