title: Differential expression of novel metabolic and immunological biomarkers in oysters challenged with a virulent strain of OsHV-1.
abstract: Early lifestages of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) are highly susceptible to infection by OsHV-1 μVar, but little information exists regarding metabolic or pathophysiological responses of larval hosts. Using a metabolomics approach, we identified a range of metabolic and immunological responses in oyster larvae exposed to OsHV-1 μVar; some of which have not previously been reported in molluscs. Multivariate analyses of entire metabolite profiles were able to separate infected from non-infected larvae. Correlation analysis revealed the presence of major perturbations in the underlying biochemical networks and secondary pathway analysis of functionally-related metabolites identified a number of prospective pathways differentially regulated in virus-exposed larvae. These results provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of OsHV-1 infection in oyster larvae, which may be applied to develop disease mitigation strategies and/or as new phenotypic information for selective breeding programmes aiming to enhance viral resistance.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kesarcodi-Watson
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Electronic address: andrea.alfaro@aut.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Andrea C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Alfaro
authors.affiliation: AUT-Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Merien
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Thao V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mae
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Dung V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Le
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Silas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villas-Bôas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000662:veterinary*; D004267:DNA Viruses; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D055432:Metabolomics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Aquaculture; Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Metabolism; Metabolomics; Ostreid herpesvirus