title: Emerging technology for increasing glucosinolates in arugula and mustard greens.
abstract: Two plant species, arugula (Eruca sativa) and mustard (Brassica juncea) were field-grown under four soil management practices: soil mixed with municipal sewage sludge (SS), soil mixed with horse manure (HM), soil mixed with chicken manure (CM), and no-mulch bare soil (NM) to investigate the impact of soil amendments on the concentration of glucosinolates (GSLs) in their shoots. GSLs, hydrophilic plant secondary metabolites in arugula and mustard were extracted using boiling methanol and separated by adsorption on sephadex ion exchange disposable pipette tips filled with DEAE, a weak base, with a net positive charge that exchange anions such as GSLs. Quantification of GSLs was based on inactivation of arugula and mustard myrosinase and liberation of the glucose moiety from the GSLs molecule by addition of standardized myrosinase (thioglucosidase) and spectrophotometric quantification of the liberated glucose moiety. Overall, GSLs concentrations were significantly greater (1287 µg g-1fresh shoots) in plants grown in SS compared to 929, 890, and 981 µg g-1fresh shoots in plants grown in CM, HM, and NM soil, respectively. Results also revealed that mustard shoots contained greater concentrations of GSLs (974 µg g-1fresh shoots) compared to arugula (651 µg g-1fresh shoots).
authors.affiliation: a Division of Environmental Studies , College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University , Frankfort , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: George F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Antonious
authors.affiliation: a Division of Environmental Studies , College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University , Frankfort , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turley
authors.affiliation: a Division of Environmental Studies , College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University , Frankfort , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antonious
authors.affiliation: a Division of Environmental Studies , College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University , Frankfort , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Trivette
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens; D005651:Fumigation; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism*; D006736:Horses; D008372:Manure; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D005961:Glucosinolates; D008372:Manure; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil
keywords: Sephadex; isothiocyanates; myrosinase; sewage sludge; thioglucosidase