title: Long-term electrical stimulation at ear and electro-acupuncture at ST36-ST37 attenuated COX-2 in the CA1 of hippocampus in kainic acid-induced epileptic seizure rats.
abstract: Seizures produce brain inflammation, which in turn enhances neuronal excitability. Therefore, anti-inflammation has become a therapeutic strategy for antiepileptic treatment. Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays a critical role in postseizure brain inflammation and neuronal hyperexcitability. Our previous studies have shown that both electrical stimulation (ES) at the ear and electro-acupuncture (EA) at the Zusanli and Shangjuxu acupoints (ST36-ST37) for 6 weeks can reduce mossy fiber sprouting, spike population, and high-frequency hippocampal oscillations in kainic acid (KA)-induced epileptic seizure rats. This study further investigated the effect of long-term ear ES and EA at ST36-ST37 on the inflammatory response in KA-induced epileptic seizure rats. Both the COX-2 levels in the hippocampus and the number of COX-2 immunoreactive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region were increased after KA-induced epileptic seizures, and these were reduced through the 6-week application of ear ES or EA at ST36-ST37. Thus, long-term ear ES or long-term EA at ST36-ST37 have an anti-inflammatory effect, suggesting that they are beneficial for the treatment of epileptic seizures.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: En-Tzu
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nou-Ying
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.|Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Wen
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7204-8837
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. clhsieh@mail.cmuh.org.tw.|Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. clhsieh@mail.cmuh.org.tw.|Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. clhsieh@mail.cmuh.org.tw.|Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan. clhsieh@mail.cmuh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Ching
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang Hsieh
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D015671:Electroacupuncture; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; C515336:Ccr2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; C000614142:Gfap protein, rat; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; C579158:S100b protein, rat; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D007608:Kainic Acid