title: A disease called stigma: the experience of stigma among African men with TB diagnosis in London.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly stigmatised disease. This paper sought to explore the experiences and meanings of stigma among African men with a previous TB diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative approach with ten men recruited from a community based organisation offering health support to the men.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-depth semi-structured interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Men were unable to recognise TB symptoms and subsequently made late clinical presentation when they were also diagnosed with HIV. A few were diagnosed when in immigration detention centres. The experience of late diagnosis informed their understanding of the word stigma. The link between HIV and TB compounded experiences of stigma which led to depression and compromised HIV confidentiality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TB late diagnosis among the men has implications for population health. Multidisciplinary teams supporting ongoing TB education programmes should include African men's organisations, due to the close supportive links such organisations have with African men.
authors.affiliation: University of Liverpool, Department of Public Health & Policy, London Campus, 33 Finsbury Square, London EC2A 1AG, UK. Electronic address: Martha.chinouya@liverpool.ac.uk.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chinouya
authors.affiliation: University of Liverpool, Department of Public Health & Policy, London Campus, 33 Finsbury Square, London EC2A 1AG, UK. Electronic address: adeyanjutimilehin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adeyanju
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology*; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D057545:Social Stigma; D013240:Stereotyping; D061665:Time-to-Treatment; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Africans; London; Migrants; Stigma; Tuberculosis