title: Clinical variables differentiating diabetic from nondiabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes: A single-center study.
abstract: Patients with diabetes may have kidney diseases other than the diabetic kidney disease. Kidney biopsy is the investigation of choice when this is suspected. This retrospective analysis included all patients known to have diabetes mellitus (DM) and who had a kidney biopsy at our center between 1998 and 2014. The aim of this study was to assess if an association exists between the clinical factors on the presence or absence of diabetic nephropathy (DNP). A total number of 206 patients were included in our study. The association between the diabetic retinopathy (DRP) and DNP was high (P = 0.001). We found that the DRP is highly specific for the presence of DNP [89.7% (78 out of 87)] whereas sensitivity of DRP for DNP was 56.3% (67 out of 119). Among other factors, only duration of DM showed a significant association (P = 0.005) (odds ratio: 1.1085 and confidence interval: 1.025-1.149) with the development of DNP. We conclude that the absence of DRP is strongly associated with the presence of nondiabetic renal disease while the presence of DRP has a low sensitivity for the presence of DNP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dorab Patel Post Graduate Training and Research Center, The Kidney Center Post Graduate Training Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imtiaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Research, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Beena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dorab Patel Post Graduate Training and Research Center, The Kidney Center Post Graduate Training Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dorab Patel Post Graduate Training and Research Center, The Kidney Center Post Graduate Training Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Murtaza F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Drohlia
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Dorab Patel Post Graduate Training and Research Center, The Kidney Center Post Graduate Training Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aasim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult