title: Synthetic and phytocompounds based dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors for therapeutics of diabetes.
abstract: Currently antidiabetic therapeutic strategies are mainly based on synthetic hypoglycemic agent. Antidiabetic drugs are associated with significant adverse effects of hypoglycemia, dysfunction of insulin and weight gain. Nowadays, the novel Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors unique approach for the management of diabetes has been considered to be safe, as DPP-IV inhibitors reduce blood glucose level by monitoring hyperglycemia including positive effects on body weight as it remains neutral, improves glycated hemoglobin levels and do not induce hypoglycemia. Inhibitors help to protect degradation of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), gut hormones which helps to suppresses postprandial glucagon release, delay gastric emptying and regulate satiety. Therefore, the innovation of DPP-IV inhibitor based drugs regulates activity of incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP. Commercially available DPP-IV inhibitors are chemically synthesized with good therapeutic value. However, the durability and long-term safety of DPP-IV inhibitors remains to be established. On the other hand, phytocompounds-based DPP-IV inhibitors are alternative and safe to use as compared to synthetic. Numerous novel antidiabetic compounds and group of compounds emerging in clinical development are through DPP-IV inhibition. This review summarized recent progress made on DPP-IV inhibitors from both synthetic as well as from natural sources.
authors.affiliation: a Animal Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology , Jai Narain Vyas University , Jodhpur 342001 , India.
authors.forename: Anand-Krishna
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: b Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Lab, School of Life Sciences , Devi Ahilya University , Indore 452001 , India.
authors.forename: Rameshwar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jatwa
authors.affiliation: a Animal Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology , Jai Narain Vyas University , Jodhpur 342001 , India.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Purohit
authors.affiliation: a Animal Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology , Jai Narain Vyas University , Jodhpur 342001 , India.
authors.forename: Heera
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ram
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000187:drug effects; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000187:drug effects; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C042807:DPP4 protein, human; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4
keywords: Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor; antidiabetic; glucagon-like peptide-1; phytocompounds