title: Study of Biofilm Formation Ability of Foodborne Arcobacter butzleri under Different Conditions.
abstract: The transmission of Arcobacter butzleri, an emerging food- and waterborne pathogen, is possibly favored by its ability to adhere to abiotic surfaces. In this study, we assessed the biofilm formation ability of 42 A. butzleri isolates recovered from different food products. Overall, nine isolates (21.4%) were able to adhere to polystyrene. Among them, a chicken-derived isolate was classified as strongly adherent. Based on the chi-square test, no relation was found between the adhesive abilities of the isolates and their source (P > 0.05). An aerobic atmosphere enhanced the adhesion ability of the majority of the adherent isolates (66.7%), because when tested in microaerobic conditions, a t test indicated that only three isolates increased their biofilm formation ability significantly (P < 0.05). In addition, seven (77.8%) of these nine isolates were able to adhere to glass surfaces, and viable cells were recovered from all the stainless steel coupons tested. Therefore, our results confirm the biofilm formation ability of A. butzleri, which may be influenced by the incubation atmosphere and the abiotic surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-6707 [I.M.-M.]).
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Girbau
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-6707 [I.M.-M.]).
authors.forename: Irati
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martinez-Malaxetxebarria
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-6707 [I.M.-M.]).
authors.forename: Gorka
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muruaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-6707 [I.M.-M.]).
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-6707 [I.M.-M.]).
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-6707 [I.M.-M.]).
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Astorga
keywords: 
            Arcobacter butzleri
          ; Abiotic surfaces; Biofilm formation; Foodborne