title: Evaluation of the bony repair in rat cranial defect using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and discriminant analysis.
abstract: We set out to determine whether near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (LDA) or, variable selection techniques employing successive projection algorithm or genetic algorithm (GA) could evaluate the bone repair in cranial critical-size (5 mm) defect after stimulation with collagen sponge scaffold and/or infrared low-level laser therapy directly on the local. Forty-five Winstar rats were divided into nine groups of five each, namely: group H - healthy, n = 5 (without treatment and without cranial critical-size defect), (GI positive control - n = 5, 21 days or n = 5, 30 days) without treatment and with cranial critical-size defect; (GII-n = 5, 21 days or n = 5, 30 days) cranial critical-size defect filled with collagen sponge scaffold; (GIII-n = 5, 21 days or n = 5, 30 days) cranial critical-size defect submitted to low-level laser therapy; (GIV-n = 5, 21 days or n = 5, 30 days) cranial critical-size defect submitted to combined collagen sponge scaffold + low-level laser therapy treatment. In relation to the histological analysis, the collagen sponge scaffold + low-level laser therapy treatment group (GIV) 30 days showed the best result with the presence of secondary bone, immature bone (osteoid) and newly formed connective tissue (periosteum). GA-LDA model also successfully classified control class of the others classes. Thus, the results provided by the good-quality classification model revealed the feasibility of NIRS for application to evaluation of the wound healing in rat cranial defect, thanks to the short analysis time of a few seconds and nondestructive advantages of NIRS as an alternative approach for bone repair purposes. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:1160-1168, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Div. of Analytical Chemistry, Inst. of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry and Chemometrics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leomir A S
authors.initials: LAS
authors.lastname: de Lima
authors.affiliation: Div. of Analytical Chemistry, Inst. of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry and Chemometrics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kássio M G
authors.initials: KMG
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Post-graduation programme in Public Health/Post graduation programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lana S S
authors.initials: LSS
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Post-graduation programme in Public Health/Post graduation programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aurigena A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Morphology, Post-graduation programme in Health Science/Post graduation programme in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raimundo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernandes de Araújo Junior
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D007834:Lasers; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008297:Male; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012886:Skull / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen
keywords: animals; classification analysis; cranial critical-size defect; near infrared reflectance spectroscopy