title: Cytotoxic triterpenoids isolated from sweet chestnut heartwood (Castanea sativa) and their health benefits implication.
abstract: For centuries wood containers have been used in aging of wines and spirits, due to the pleasant flavors they give to the beverages. Together with oak, sweet chestnut wood (Castanea sativa) have been often used for such purpose. The maturation process involves the transfer of secondary metabolites, mainly phenolics, from the wood to the liquid. At the same time, other metabolites, such as triterpenoids and their glycosides, can also be released. Searching for the extractable triterpenoids from sweet chestnut heartwood (C. sativa), two new ursane-type triterpenoid saponins named chestnoside A (1) and chestnoside B (2), together with two known oleanen-type analogs (3 and 4) were isolated and characterized. The cytotoxicity of isolated compounds was tested against two cancer cell lines (PC3 and MCF-7), and normal lymphocytes. Breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were more affected by tested compounds than prostate cancer cells (PC3). Chestnoside B (2) exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity with an IC50of 12.3 μM against MCF-7 cells, lower than those of positive controls, while it was moderately active against normal lymphocytes (IC50= 67.2 μM). These results highlight the occurrence of triterpenoid saponins in sweet chestnut heartwood and their potential for the chemoprevention of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland; Área Productos Químicos, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT) - Universidad de Concepción, Av. Cordillera N° 2634, Coronel, 4191996, Concepción, Chile. Electronic address: a.perezd@udt.cl.
authors.forename: Andy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Pecio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90 237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kontek
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90 237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gajek
authors.affiliation: Tanin Sevnica d.d., Hermanova 1, 8290 Sevnica, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Lidija
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stopinsek
authors.affiliation: Tanin Sevnica d.d., Hermanova 1, 8290 Sevnica, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mirt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stochmal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
authors.forename: Wiesław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oleszek
mesh_terms: D029962:Fagaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes
keywords: Breast cancer; Castanea sativa; Cytotoxicity; Heartwood; Triterpenoid saponin