title: Forensic Facial Reconstruction: Relationship Between the Alar Cartilage and Piriform Aperture.
abstract: During forensic facial reconstruction, facial features may be predicted based on the parameters of the skull. This study evaluated the relationships between alar cartilage and piriform aperture and nose morphology and facial typology. Ninety-six cone beam computed tomography images of Brazilian subjects (49 males and 47 females) were used in this study. OsiriX software was used to perform the following measurements: nasal width, distance between alar base insertion points, lower width of the piriform aperture, and upper width of the piriform aperture. Nasal width was associated with the lower width of the piriform aperture, sex, skeletal vertical pattern of the face, and age. The current study contributes to the improvement of forensic facial guides by identifying the relationships between the alar cartilages and characteristics of the biological profile of members of a population that has been little studied thus far.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raíssa Ananda Paim
authors.initials: RAP
authors.lastname: Strapasson
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, 05508-000, Brazil.|Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University, São Paulo/SP, 14801-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lara Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodolfo Francisco Haltenhoff
authors.initials: RFH
authors.lastname: Melani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012984:Software; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: face; forensic anthropology; forensic dentistry; forensic science; nose; reconstruction