title: Osteogenic Ability Detection of Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Gene-activated Nano Bone Putty by Reusable Double-Cavity Bone Harvest Chamber.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the feasibility of implanting a self-designed reusable double-cavity bone harvest chamber into Guizhou mini-pigs for observation of the osteogenic effect of human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (hBMP-2) gene-activated nano bone putty on bone in growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy 12-month-old female Guizhou mini-pigs were used for the present experiment. In the first operation, empty double-cavity bone harvest chambers (n = 8) were implanted into the femoral metaphysis of the animals as a blank control group. In the second operation, the femoral metaphyses were implanted with the chambers filled by the nano bone putty+hBMP-2 plasmid in one cavity and nothing in the other cavity, respectively (experiment group, n = 8). The time interval between every operation was 3 months. The cavity materials were retrieved and replaced for assessment by gross observation, histological examination, and bone morphology metrology analysis to compare osteogenesis ability and alkaline phosphatase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three months after surgery, the nano bone putty+hBMP-2 plasmid in one cavity of the chambers had hard gray and white tissues inside, while the cavities pre-installed with nothing were filled with soft brown tissues. Light microscopy showed new generated bone tissue around the filled material, but only fibrous tissues in the empty cavities. Osteogenesis ability and alkaline phosphatase of the nano bone putty+hBMP-2 plasmid group were significantly higher than those of the blank control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reusable double-cavity bone harvest chamber can be used to observe the osteogenic potential of the hBMP-2 gene-activated nano bone putty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Xian-Teng
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Spine Surgery, Dongfeng General Hospital, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Tai-Zhe
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Sen-Lei
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Shiyan, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010957:Plasmids; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018786:Bone Substitutes
keywords: Animal models; Bone and bone tissue; Bone harvest chamber; Pig