title: Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on glucose metabolism and liver injury in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels. T2-DM patients suffer from many complications, such as diabetic fatty liver and diabetic nephropathy. The liver, the pivotal organ involved in both glucose and lipid metabolism, is primarily damaged in T2-DM patients, especially in those with high levels of blood lipid. In this study, the hepatoprotective activity of ginsenoside Rg1 was investigated in a T2-DM rat model. The results revealed a potent hepatoprotective effect of ginsenoside Rg1. This effect was primarily mediated by the antiapoptotic effect, inhibition of JNK activity, and suppression of inflammation after ginsenoside Rg1 treatment. Ginsenoside Rg1 also lowered the blood glucose level and insulin resistance index in T2-DM rats. Moreover, the blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels) and liver function (aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels) improved after ginsenoside Rg1 treatment. The aforementioned hepatoprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in the T2-DM rat model suggests its clinical potential as an adjuvant drug for T2-DM therapy, especially for T2-DM patients with fatty liver disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.|Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: X B
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China liyanken@126.com.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cadre Health, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China liyanken@126.com.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D036145:Ginsenosides; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D005947:Glucose; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1