title: Identification and prevalence of swine pasivirus 1 in eastern Romanian pig farms.
abstract: Swine pasivirus 1 (SPaV-1) was first detected in the feces of healthy pigs in France as a new species in family Picornaviridae. We investigated the presence, distribution, and genetic variability of this virus in 7 geographic areas with intensive pig breeding farms in eastern Romania. A total of 564 porcine specimens, including 82 fecal specimens and 482 pools of organs, were collected from healthy pigs in different stages of production from pathogen-free swine farming units. The virus was found in 6 of 7 areas investigated. Of the 564 samples analyzed, 218 were positive for SPaV-1, with the highest prevalence of the virus in organ homogenates (39% positive) followed by feces (37% positive). The highest susceptibility to infection was found in nurseries (50% positive in both the first and second months of feeding). Sequencing analysis of VP0 revealed 3 different Romanian sequences. The phylogenetic investigations suggest that the Romanian sequences cluster with other Pasivirus strains selected from the GenBank database, forming a separate clade from other Picornaviridae genera and defining the described Pasivirus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaulet
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Vlad
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrovan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Andrada M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Birladeanu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Ana Maria M
authors.initials: AMM
authors.lastname: Stoian
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Steliana E M
authors.initials: SEM
authors.lastname: Kevorkian
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nichita
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eloit
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 5th District, Romania (Zaulet, Birladeanu, Buburuzan).|Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (Petrovan, Stoian).|Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania (Kevorkian).|Nano-SAE research center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (Nichita).|Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pathogen Discovery, Department of Virology, Paris, France (Eloit).|PathoQuest, Bâtiment François Jacob, Paris, France (Eloit).|Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France (Eloit).|National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania (Nichita).
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buburuzan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000072480:Farms; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology
keywords: Phylogenetic analysis; Romanian isolates; prevalence; swine pasivirus 1