title: Learning word order at birth: A NIRS study.
abstract: In language, the relative order of words in sentences carries important grammatical functions. However, the developmental origins and the neural correlates of the ability to track word order are to date poorly understood. The current study therefore investigates the origins of infants' ability to learn about the sequential order of words, using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with newborn infants. We have conducted two experiments: one in which a word order change was implemented in 4-word sequences recorded with a list intonation (as if each word was a separate item in a list; list prosody condition, Experiment 1) and one in which the same 4-word sequences were recorded with a well-formed utterance-level prosodic contour (utterance prosody condition, Experiment 2). We found that newborns could detect the violation of the word order in the list prosody condition, but not in the utterance prosody condition. These results suggest that while newborns are already sensitive to word order in linguistic sequences, prosody appears to be a stronger cue than word order for the identification of linguistic units at birth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Italy; San Camillo Hospital IRCCS, Venice, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benavides-Varela
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, CNRS, Paris, France. Electronic address: judit.gervain@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gervain
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Near-infrared spectroscopy; Newborn infants; Prosody; Word order