title: A framework for predicting impacts on ecosystem services from (sub)organismal responses to chemicals.
abstract: Protection of ecosystem services is increasingly emphasized as a risk-assessment goal, but there are wide gaps between current ecological risk-assessment endpoints and potential effects on services provided by ecosystems. The authors present a framework that links common ecotoxicological endpoints to chemical impacts on populations and communities and the ecosystem services that they provide. This framework builds on considerable advances in mechanistic effects models designed to span multiple levels of biological organization and account for various types of biological interactions and feedbacks. For illustration, the authors introduce 2 case studies that employ well-developed and validated mechanistic effects models: the inSTREAM individual-based model for fish populations and the AQUATOX ecosystem model. They also show how dynamic energy budget theory can provide a common currency for interpreting organism-level toxicity. They suggest that a framework based on mechanistic models that predict impacts on ecosystem services resulting from chemical exposure, combined with economic valuation, can provide a useful approach for informing environmental management. The authors highlight the potential benefits of using this framework as well as the challenges that will need to be addressed in future work. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:845-859. © 2017 SETAC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Valery E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.affiliation: Environmental Science and Studies Program and Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Chris J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Salice
authors.affiliation: Center for Complex and Nonlinear Science and Department of Mathematics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
authors.forename: Bjorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Birnir
authors.affiliation: Systems Exposure Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Randy J F
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bruins
authors.affiliation: Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calow
authors.affiliation: Crop Science Division, Bayer, Monheim am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ducrot
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Nika
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galic
authors.affiliation: Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Garber
authors.affiliation: Pacific Southwest Research Station, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Arcata, California.
authors.forename: Bret C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.affiliation: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.affiliation: Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanarek
authors.affiliation: Ecology Group, Integral Consulting, Woodinville, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pastorok
authors.affiliation: Lang Railsback & Associates, Arcata, California, USA.
authors.forename: Steve F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Railsback
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rebarber
authors.affiliation: Environmental Safety, Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Pernille
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thorbek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D017753:Ecosystem; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D005399:Fishes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012308:Risk Management / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Ecological production function; Ecological risk assessment; Ecosystem service; Environmental management; Mechanistic effects model