title: Efficacy of novel antibody-based drugs against rhinovirus infection: In vitro and in vivo results.
abstract: Rhinoviruses (RVs) cause the common cold and are associated with exacerbations of chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases, especially asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have assessed the antiviral drugs Anaferon for Children (AC) and Ergoferon (containing AC as one of the active pharmaceutical ingredients) in in vitro and in vivo experimental models, in order to evaluate their anti-rhinoviral and immunomodulatory potential. HeLa cells were pretreated with AC, and levels of the interferon-stimulated gene (ISG), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1-A) and viral replication were analyzed. In a mouse model of RV-induced exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation we administered Ergoferon and analyzed its effect on type I (IFN-β), type II (IFN-γ) and type III (IFN-λ) IFNs induction, cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), cytokine (interleukin (IL)-4; IL-6) and chemokine (CXCL10/IP-10; CXCL1/KC) levels. It was shown that AC increased OAS1-А production and significantly decreased viral replication in vitro. Increased IFNs expression together with reduced neutrophils/lymphocytes recruitment and correlated IL-4/IL-6 declination was demonstrated for Ergoferon in vivo. However, there was no effect on examined chemokines. We conclude that AC and Ergoferon possess effects against RV infection and may have potential as novel therapies against RV-induced exacerbations of asthma.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: nataliyaapetrova89@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nataliia V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Petrova
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: agemelianova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alexandra G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Emelyanova
authors.affiliation: OOO "NPF "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", 129272 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: gorbunovea@materiamedica.ru.
authors.forename: Evgeniy A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Gorbunov
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: michael.edwards@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: ross.walton@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ross P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: n.bartlett@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nathan W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: j.aniscenko@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aniscenko
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: l.gogsadze@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gogsadze
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: e.bakhsoliani@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Eteri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bakhsoliani
authors.affiliation: National Research Center "Institute of Immunology" FMBA Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: mr.khaitov@nrcii.ru.
authors.forename: Musa R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khaitov
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: s.johnston@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sebastian L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: OOO "NPF "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", 129272 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: tarasovsa@materiamedica.ru.
authors.forename: Sergey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tarasov
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: Epstein@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Oleg I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007372:Interferons / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; C547732:anaferon; C000621422:ergoferon; D007372:Interferons; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase
keywords: Antibodies; Cytokine; Human rhinovirus infection; Interferon stimulated genes