title: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Baduanjin Qigong for Health Benefits: Randomized Controlled Trials.
abstract: Objective. To investigate the effects of practicing Baduanjin Qigong on different health outcomes.Methods. Six electronic databases were used for literature search through entering the following key words: Baduanjin Qigong, quality of life, sleep quality, and health-related outcomes.Results. Nineteen randomized controlled trials were used for meta-analysis. The aggregated results from this systematic review have shown significant benefits in favour of Baduanjin Qigong on quality of life (SMD, -0.75; 95% CI -1.26 to -0.24;P= 0.004), sleep quality (SMD, -0.55; 95% CI -0.97 to -0.12;P= 0.01), balance (SMD, -0.94; 95% CI -1.59 to 0.30;P= 0.004), handgrip strength (SMD, -0.69; 95% CI -1.2 to -0.19;P= 0.007), trunk flexibility (SMD, -0.66; 95% CI -1.13 to -0.19;P= 0.006), systolic (SMD, -0.60; 95% CI -0.94 to -0.27;P= 0.0004) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD, -0.46; 95% CI -0.73 to -0.20;P= 0.0005), and resting heart rate (SMD, -0.87; 95% CI -1.47 to -0.27;P= 0.005). The aggregated results of meta-analyses examining the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on leg power, cardiopulmonary endurance, and pulmonary function remain unclear because of a small number of studies.Conclusions. The aggregated results from this systematic review show that Baduanjin Qigong practice is beneficial for quality of life, sleep quality, balance, handgrip strength, trunk flexibility, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and resting heart rate. Further studies are necessary to confirm the effects of Baduanjin Qigong on leg power, cardiopulmonary endurance, and pulmonary function (e.g., vital capacity), while considering a long-term follow-up.Registration Number. This trial is registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42016036966.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science, Hunan University, Hunan 410079, China; Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, MA 01109, USA.
authors.forename: Liye
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6411-5710
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Estudos em Atividade Física & Saúde (NEAFISA), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Avenida Tutunas, 490 Bairro Tutunas, 38061-500 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jeffer Eidi
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: SasaKi
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Huiru
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5790-0427
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Foreign Language Teaching, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, China.
authors.forename: Zhongjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, MA 01109, USA.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Management, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang