title: Protecting young children against skin cancer: Parental beliefs, roles, and regret.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the role of parental beliefs, roles, and anticipated regret toward performing childhood sun-protective behaviours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents (N = 230; 174 mothers, 56 fathers), recruited using a nonrandom convenience sample, of at least 1 child aged between 2 and 5 years completed an initial questionnaire assessing demographics and past behaviour as well as theory of planned behaviour global (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) and belief-based (behavioural, normative, and control beliefs) measures, role construction, and anticipated regret regarding their intention and behaviour to protect their child from the sun. Two weeks later, participants completed a follow-up questionnaire assessing their sun protection of their child during the previous 2 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified attitude, perceived behavioural control, role construction, anticipated regret, past behaviour, and a normative belief ("current partner/other family members") as significant predictors of parents' intention to participate in sun-protective behaviour for their child. Intention and past behaviour were significant predictors of parents' follow-up sun-protective behaviour. The regression models explained 64% and 36% of the variance in intention and behaviour, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study highlight the importance of anticipated regret and role-related beliefs alongside personal, normative, and control beliefs in determining parents' intentional sun-protective behaviour for their children. Findings may inform the development of parent- and community-based sun protection intervention programs to promote parents' sun-safety behaviours for their children to prevent future skin cancer incidence.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.|School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Kyra
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9975-685X
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.affiliation: School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-993X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rebar
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.|School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.|School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia.|Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: Martin S
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-1546
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hagger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004644:Emotions; D005220:Fathers; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents