title: Exposure to paternal tobacco smoking increased child hospitalization for lower respiratory infections but not for other diseases in Vietnam.
abstract: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is an important modifiable risk factor for child hospitalization, although its contribution is not well documented in countries where ETS due to maternal tobacco smoking is negligible. We conducted a birth cohort study of 1999 neonates between May 2009 and May 2010 in Nha Trang, Vietnam, to evaluate paternal tobacco smoking as a risk factor for infectious and non-infectious diseases. Hospitalizations during a 24-month observation period were identified using hospital records. The effect of paternal exposure during pregnancy and infancy on infectious disease incidence was evaluated using Poisson regression models. In total, 35.6% of 1624 children who attended follow-up visits required at least one hospitalization by 2 years of age, and the most common reason for hospitalization was lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Paternal tobacco smoking independently increased the risk of LRTI 1.76-fold (95% CI: 1.24-2.51) after adjusting for possible confounders but was not associated with any other cause of hospitalization. The population attributable fraction indicated that effective interventions to prevent paternal smoking in the presence of children would reduce LRTI-related hospitalizations by 14.8% in this epidemiological setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miyahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Nguyen Thi Hien
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Anh
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Vu Dinh
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Thiem
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.affiliation: Department of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs of Khanh Hoa Province, Nha Trang, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Le Huu
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Tho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Health, School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.|Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Lay Myint
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Dang Duc
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Anh
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Koya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ariyoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.|Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasunami
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005220:Fathers; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D000073869:Tobacco Smoking; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology