title: Dietary Antioxidants: Potential Anticancer Agents.
abstract: There are several extrinsic and intrinsic factors involving reactive oxygen species that play critical roles in tumor development and progression by inducing DNA mutations, genomic instability, and aberrant pro-tumorigenic signaling. There are various essential micronutrients including minerals and vitamins in the diet, which play pivotal roles in maintaining and reinforcing antioxidant performance, affecting the complex network of genes (nutrigenomic approach) and encoding proteins for carcinogenesis. A lot of these antioxidant agents are available as dietary supplements and are predominant worldwide. However, the best antioxidant micronutrient (or a combination of micronutrients) for reducing cancer risks is unknown. The purpose of this review is to survey the literature on modern biological theories of cancer and the roles of dietary antioxidants in cancer. The roles and functions of antioxidant micronutrients, such as vitamin C (ascorbate), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), selenium, and vitamin A, provided through diet for the prevention of cancer are discussed in the present work.
authors.affiliation: a School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Xiayu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: b Yunnan Key Laboratory for Basic Research on Bone and Joint Diseases, Yunnan Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Kunming University , Kunming , China.
authors.forename: Jiaoni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: a School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , Yunnan , China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology; D060347:Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters / Q000378:metabolism; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C577836:ABCA1 protein, human; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; C555162:SLC23A1 protein, human; D060347:Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D012643:Selenium; D001205:Ascorbic Acid