title: The suppressive effects of landiolol administration on the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation and tachycardia, and plasma IL-6 elevation in patients undergoing esophageal surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether perioperative landiolol administration suppresses postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) and the plasma cytokines elevation in patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan, from April 2012 to January 2015.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I-II patients undergoing elective esophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly divided into two groups, landiolol group (landiolol: 5μg/kg/min) and control group (the same volume of covered saline). Landiolol or saline was infused continuously from the induction of anesthesia until next morning.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the new onset of AF and sinus tachycardia, and measured plasma concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α) just before surgery, at the end of surgery, the next day, and 2days after surgery. Data (mean±SD) were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni"s test for post hoc comparison; a P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic data were similar between the landiolol and the control groups. The incidence of AF was significantly lower in the landiolol group (1/19=5.3%) compared with the control group (7/20=35%) as well as sinus tachycardia (landiolol group, 0/19=0% vs. control group, 5/20=25%). Plasma IL-6 level at the end of surgery was significantly lower in the landiolol group compared with the control group, but the other plasma cytokines levels were similar between the two groups during the entire study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perioperative landiolol administration suppressed the incidence of new-onset of AF as well as sinus tachycardia, and the plasma IL-6 elevation in patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan. Electronic address: tgoyagi@doc.med.akita-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goyagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Sahoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013616:Tachycardia, Sinus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D016207:Cytokines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009025:Morpholines; C077049:landiolol; D014508:Urea
keywords: Arrhythmia; Atrial fibrillation; Cytokine; Esophagectomy; Landiolol; Tachycardia