title: Clostridium baratii: a rare case of pneumonia associated with an Alzheimer patient in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clostridium baratiiis rarely associated with human diseases. Infection is usuallcaused by ingestion of contaminated food, and infant botulism is the most common clinical presentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we report a case of pneumonia by a non-toxigenic strain ofC. baratiiin an Alzheimer 70-year-old male with sepsis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The micro-organism was identified by phenotypical tests, mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), DNA amplification (PCR) and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Testing for the presence of botulinum F toxin was made using multiplex PCR. Bioassay for a large number of colonies was performed in mice to evaluate the production of any lethal toxin, but the results were negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, there are no cases ofC. baratiiinfection reported in Brazil and we highlight the importance of anaerobic lab tests in the standard routine of diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas Rio Mar Barra LTDA , Avenida Candido Portinari, 555. Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla Ormundo Gonçalves Ximenes
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle , Rua Mariz e Barros, 755. Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinicius Magno
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratory of Anaerobes Biology, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I-2. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Polo Xerém, Estrada de Xerém, 27. Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliane de Oliveira
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratory of Anaerobes Biology , Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I-2. Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil.
authors.forename: Joaquim Santos
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas Rio Mar Barra LTDA , Avenida Candido Portinari, 555. Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucia Rodrigues
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Serradas
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Veterinary School , Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627. Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Otávio Silveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Veterinary School , Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627. Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Carlos Faria
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Lobato
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratory of Anaerobes Biology , Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I-2. Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina Maria Cavalcanti Pilotto
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Domingues
keywords: Alzheimer; Brazil; Clostridium baratii; pneumonia