title: Convex-probe Endobronchial Ultrasound: A Decade of Progress.
abstract: Ever since the invention of the flexible bronchoscope, perhaps no other innovation in the field of interventional pulmonology
  has caused so much excitement the world over, as the convex probe endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial
  needle aspiration (TBNA). While it took over a decade from 1992 to 2004 for the radial EBUS to evolve into the commercial
  convex probe EBUS scope, another exciting decade has gone by with the technology being thoroughly researched and
  appraised. The current evidence suggests that EBUS-TBNA can replace mediastinoscopy as the first investigation in the
  mediastinal staging of lung cancer. The use of EBUS-TBNA has been extended to several other areas including the diagnosis
  of undefined mediastinal lymphadenopathy, evaluation of intra-parenchymal lesions and others. In fact, EBUS-TBNA is the
  preferred modality for accessing mediastinal lesions in contact with the airways. The procedure not only has a high
  diagnostic efficiency (80%-90% for most indications) but is also safe compared to alternative options, such as image-guided
  fine needle aspiration and mediastinoscopy in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Apart from the traditional
  use of EBUS to perform TBNA, the last decade has seen the evolution of its transoesophageal use, development of novel
  EBUS-TBNA needles to obtain better histological specimens and a smaller EBUS scope. This review summarises the
  developments made in this field over the years since its inception.
authors.forename: Sahajal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhooria
authors.forename: Inderpaul Singh
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Sehgal
authors.forename: Ashutosh Nath
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Ritesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D001999:Bronchoscopy; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D019160:Endosonography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D000072281:Lymphadenopathy / Q000473:pathology*; D008476:Mediastinal Cyst / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000473:pathology; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology