title: Citrus flavonoid naringenin reduces mammary tumor cell viability, adipose mass, and adipose inflammation in obese ovariectomized mice.
abstract: Obesity-related metabolic dysregulation may be a link between obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer. Naringenin, a flavonoid abundant in grapefruits, displays beneficial effects on metabolic health and tumorigenesis. Here, we assessed the effects of naringenin on mammary tumor cell growth in vitro and in obese ovariectomized mice.
  
  
  
  Naringenin inhibited cell growth, increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), down-regulated CyclinD1 expression, and induced cell death in E0771 mammary tumor cells. Obese ovariectomized mice were fed a high-fat (HF), high-fat diet with low naringenin (LN; 1% naringenin) or high-fat diet with high naringenin (HN; 3% naringenin) for 2 weeks and then implanted with E0771 cells in mammary adipose tissue. Three weeks after tumor cell implantation, naringenin accumulation in tumor was higher than that in mammary adipose tissue in HN mice. HN decreased body weight, adipose mass, adipocyte size, α-smooth muscle actin mRNA in mammary adipose tissue, and mRNA of inflammatory cytokines in both mammary and perigonadal adipose tissues. Compared with mice fed HF diet, HN delayed growth of tumors early but did not alter final tumor weight.
  
  
  
  Naringenin reduces adiposity and ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation, with a moderate inhibitory effect on tumor growth in obese ovariectomized mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.|The OSU Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jia-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.|The OSU Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banh
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Yung-Hsuan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Shana R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Straka
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.|The OSU Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Belury
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D044950:Flavanones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D010052:Ovariectomy
chemical_list: D044950:Flavanones; D007328:Insulin; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C005273:naringenin
keywords: Adipose inflammation; Breast cancer; Naringenin; Obesity; Ovariectomy