title: Assessment of oral health-related quality of life in 9-15 year old children with visual impairment in Uttarakhand, India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the prevalence of dental diseases among 9-15-year-old visually impaired children and find out its impact on their daily activities using the Child-Oral Impact on Daily Performance (C-OIDP) questionnaire in districts of Uttarakhand, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 423 visually impaired institutionalized children between the age group of 9-15 years were included in the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to obtain the study population. Dental caries was recorded using dmft for primary dentition and DMFT for permanent dentition, traumatic dental injuries were assessed using traumatic dental injury index, and dentofacial anomalies were recorded using Angle's classification of malocclusion. The Hindi braille version of C-OIDP questionnaire was used to gather information regarding oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a high dental caries prevalence of 57.7% in visually impaired children. The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was 50.6%. Crowding (61.5%) was the most commonly seen dentofacial anomaly and the most commonly perceived oral health problem was toothache. There was less favorable OHRQoL in males as compared to females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a high prevalence of dental diseases in this group and higher C-OIDP scores suggestive of unfavorable OHRQoL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dhawan
authors.affiliation: Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gaurav
authors.affiliation: Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rastogi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, IDST, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Shilpi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
keywords: Questionnaire; dental caries; dentofacial deformities; trauma; visually impaired