title: The validation and evaluation of anti-HIV testing algorithm used in mobile clinic setting for men who have sex with men in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Same-day anti-HIV testing algorithm is recommended by Thai National Guidelines. We compared performance characteristics of algorithms used in a mobile clinic and a facility-based clinic for men who have sex with men (MSM) in Bangkok.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mobile clinic samples collected from 4 saunas and 2 spa venues were tested by Alere DetermineTM HIV 1/2, followed by DoubleCheck GoldTM Ultra HIV 1/2 and SD Bioline HIV 1/2 3.0. All samples were re-tested at the Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic (TRCAC) by Architect HIV Ag/Ab or Elecsys HIV combi PT, followed by Alere DetermineTM HIV 1/2 and Serodia HIV 1/2. Non-reactive samples were tested by Aptima nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) and reactive/inconclusive samples were tested by less-sensitive immunoassays (IA) and HIV-1 RNA to detect acute HIV infection (positive NAAT or non-reactive IA/positive HIV-1 RNA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 233 MSM, 36 (15.5%) had HIV infection diagnosed using mobile clinic algorithm. Two additional acute HIV cases (1 positive NAAT and 1 reactive Architect with detectable HIV-1 RNA) were diagnosed using TRCAC algorithm. The mobile clinic algorithm had a sensitivity of 94.9% (95% CI: 82.7, 99.4) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 98.1, 100).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of whole blood on rapid test kits demonstrated satisfactory performance and allowed same-day HIV test result through a mobile clinic model. For populations with high HIV incidence, careful history taking to define the window period is crucial and repeat testing must be encouraged if the testing algorithm does not include 4th generation anti-HIV assay or NAAT.
authors.affiliation: Anonymous Clinic Laboratory, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Tippawan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pankam
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sarun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saensiriphan
authors.affiliation: Anonymous Clinic Laboratory, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Suphackok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Areeyolwattana
authors.affiliation: Anonymous Clinic Laboratory, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Napapat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barisri
authors.affiliation: Anonymous Clinic Laboratory, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Supabhorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pengnonyang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sunee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sirivichayakul
authors.affiliation: Anonymous Clinic Laboratory, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.|SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nittaya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Phanuphak
authors.affiliation: Anonymous Clinic Laboratory, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.|Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Praphan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phanuphak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008952:Mobile Health Units; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities; D013785:Thailand