title: Chemical composition and pharmacological activities of Pisum sativum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Consumption of vegetables has been proven to be effective in the prevention of different diseases. Traditionally edible aerial part of Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum (Fabaceae) is used to treat diabetes, heart diseases and as blood purifier. Present study was aimed to explore the traditional use of aerial parts of P. sativum as a source of antidiabetic agent. In addition, antioxidant activity and chemical composition was carried out.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total polyphenol content was spectrophotometrically determined using Folin Chiocalteu's reagent while the flavonoids by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. Identification of compounds of the extract was made through HPLC and LCMS. Antihyperglycemic activity was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test in mice. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging and reducing power assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total polyphenol and total flavonoids content were found to be 51.23 mg gallic acid equivalent and 30.88 mg quercetin equivalent per gram of dried plant extract respectively. Ellagic acid and p-coumeric acid were detected through HPLC. A total of eight compounds including naringenin, β-sitosterol were indentified through LCMS. In OGTT, extract (200 mg/kg bw) showed a 30.24% decrease (P< 0.05) in blood glucose levels at 30 min compared to the normal control. The extract showed IC50value of 158.52 μg/mL in DPPH scavenging assay and also showed comparable reducing power.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Along with other compounds ellagic acid and β-sitosterol present in the extract may be responsible for its antioxidant as well as antihyperglycemic activities. Altogether these results rationalize the use of this vegetable in traditional medicine.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh. mnhzilani09@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Md Nazmul Hasan
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Zilani
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Tamanna
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Asabur Rahman
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anisuzzman
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Amirul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Jamil A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shilpi
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Golam
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hossain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051379:Mice; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Antidiabetic; Antioxidant; Ellagic acid; HPLC; LCMS; β-sitosterol