title: Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii strain directly from human CSF samples of congenital toxoplasmosis clinical case.
abstract: This report describes a case of congenital toxoplasmosis in a newborn in Southern Italy. A pregnant mother had been admitted at the 20th week of her pregnancy on account of pharyngodynia and laterocervical lymphadenopathy. Although serological testing of the mother's serum documented a seroconversion with positive IgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibodies during II trimester, the woman refused to perform prenatal diagnosis for congenital toxoplasmosis. Fetal ultrasound scan already showed mild asymmetrical triventricular hydrocephaly and cerebral calcifications. After birth, real-time PCR on cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples of the newborn showed a positive result for 529bp-repeat element DNA of T. gondii, In addition brain magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography showed a characteristic diffuse brain tissue loss associated with hydrocephalus. For the first time molecular characterization of T. gondii isolate was performed directly from the newborn's CSF samples by using nested-PCR-RFLP of sag-2 and pk1 genes. The PCR-RLFP analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to the clonal type II, the predominant lineage causing human toxoplasmosis, as confirmed by DNA sequencing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.|CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pagliuca
authors.affiliation: Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabiria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scaglione
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Migliucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Maruotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Annunziata Gaetana
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Cicatiello
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Josè
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Camilla Sammartino
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Consiglio Buonocore
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iaccarino
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Colicchio
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.|CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salvatore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001483:Base Sequence; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000469:parasitology; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011247:Pregnancy; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014125:Toxoplasmosis, Congenital / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M
keywords: Congenital toxoplasmosis; Genotyping; Nested-PCR-RFLP; Toxoplasma gondii