title: Quantitative analysis of glutathione and cysteine S-conjugates of microcystin-LR in the liver, kidney and muscle of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Lake Taihu.
abstract: Tissue distribution of microcystin (MC)-LR-GSH, MC-LR-Cys and MC-LR of omnivorous fish in Lake Taihu was investigated. MC-LR and MC-LR-Cys were detected in liver, kidney and muscle. The concentration of MC-LR in liver and kidney was 0.052 μg g-1DW and 0.067 μg g-1DW, respectively. MC-LR-Cys appeared to be an important metabolite with average contents of 1.104 μg g-1DW and 0.724 μg g-1DW in liver and kidney, and the MC-LR-Cys/MC-LR ratio in liver and kidney reaching as high as 21.4 and 10.8. High MC-LR-Cys/MC-LR ratio and a significant correlation between MC-LR-Cys and MC-LR concentration in liver, suggest that liver is more active in detoxification of MC-LR by formation of MC-LR-Cys for omnivorous fish. Furthermore, there might be a balance between the accumulation and depuration/metabolism of MC-LR-Cys in kidney. The MC-LR-Cys can be formed in kidney directly, or transported from liver or other tissues, while the MC-LR-Cys in kidney might be dissociated to MC-LR or excreted. Although MC-LR and its metabolites were scarcely detected in muscle, it is necessary to investigate the distribution of toxic metabolites in edible muscle.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Sciences of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Laiyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Sciences of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Songbo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences college of Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donghu South Road 7, Wuhan 430072, China E-mail: xieping@ihb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donghu South Road 7, Wuhan 430072, China E-mail: xieping@ihb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002681:China; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D060106:Lakes; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C057862:cyanoginosin LR; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine