title: Influence on wine biogenic amine composition of modifications to soil N availability and grapevine N by cover crops.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vineyard soil management can modify the nitrogen soil availability and, therefore, grape amino acid content. These compounds are precursors of biogenic amines, which have negative effects on wine quality and human health. The objective was to study whether the effect of conventional tillage and two cover crops (barley and clover) on grapevine nitrogen status could be related to wine biogenic amines. Over 4 years, soil NO3--N, nitrogen content in leaf and wine biogenic amine concentration were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Barley reduced soil NO3--N availability and clover increased it. In 2011, at bloom, nitrogen content decreased with barley treatment in both blade and petiole. In 2012, nitrogen content in both leaf tissues at bloom was greater with clover than with tillage and barley treatments. Also, total biogenic amines decreased in barley with respect to tillage and clover treatments. There were correlations between some individual and total biogenic amine concentrations with respect to nitrogen content in leaf tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wine biogenic amine concentration can be affected by the grapevine nitrogen status, provoked by changes in the soil NO3--N availability with both cover crop treatments. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, ICVV, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Pérez-Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, ICVV, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Garde-Cerdán
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fitotecnia, Escola de Ciencias e Tecnología, ICAAM, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cabrita
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, ICVV, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Escudero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, ICVV, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peregrina
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D001467:Hordeum / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D029921:Trifolium / Q000254:growth & development; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D012987:Soil; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: biogenic amines; nitrogen; quality; soil; wine