title: Glass-ceramic optical fiber containing Ba2TiSi2O8nanocrystals for frequency conversion of lasers.
abstract: A glass-ceramic optical fiber containing Ba2TiSi2O8nanocrystals fabricated using a novel combination of the melt-in-tube method and successive heat treatment is reported for the first time. For the melt-in-tube method, fibers act as a precursor at the drawing temperature for which the cladding glass is softened while the core glass is melted. It is demonstrated experimentally that following heat treatment, Ba2TiSi2O8nanocrystals with diameters below 10 nm are evenly distributed throughout the fiber core. Comparing to the conventional rod-in-tube method, the melt-in-tube method is superior in terms of controllability of crystallization to allow for the fabrication of low loss glass-ceramic fibers. When irradiated using a 1030 nm femtosecond laser, an enhanced green emission at a wavelength of 515 nm is observed in the glass-ceramic fiber, which demonstrates second harmonic generation of a laser action in the fabricated glass-ceramic fibers. Therefore, this new glass-ceramic fiber not only provides a highly promising development for frequency conversion of lasers in all optical fiber based networks, but the melt-in-tube fabrication method also offers excellent opportunities for fabricating a wide range of novel glass-ceramic optical fibers for multiple future applications including fiber telecommunications and lasers.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.|State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Zaijin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China.|Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xusheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
authors.forename: Elfed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Photonic Research Centre, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.|Photonic Research Centre, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.|State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China.
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.|College of Optical Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Jianrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu