title: Dietary patterns and the phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome: the chance of ongoing pregnancy.
abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is generally considered a complex disorder caused by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. In a sub-cohort of women with PCOS visiting the preconception outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital with follow-up in a periconception cohort, we identified specific dietary patterns and adherence in patients with PCOS with and without hyperandrogenism and the chance of ongoing pregnancy. Food frequency questionnaires were available from 55 patients diagnosed with PCOS during follow-up in routine clinical practice, including 25 with hyperandrogenism and 30 without hyperandrogenism. Strong adherence to the healthy dietary pattern was inversely associated with the hyperandrogenic PCOS phenotype (Adjusted OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.99). In women with PCOS overall, a strong adherence to the healthy dietary pattern showed a three-fold higher chance of ongoing pregnancy (adjusted OR 3.38; 95% CI 1.01 to 11.36) and an association with anti-Müllerian hormone concentration (β -0.569 µg/L; 95% CI -0.97 to -0.17). The effect of this dietary pattern on the chance of ongoing pregnancy and AMH suggests causality, which needs further investigation in prospective studies in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nicole A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Huijgen
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yvonne V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Louwers
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sten P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Willemsen
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeanne H M
authors.initials: JHM
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands; Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: r.steegers@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: Régine P M
authors.initials: RPM
authors.lastname: Steegers-Theunissen
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joop S E
authors.initials: JSE
authors.lastname: Laven
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000209:etiology*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000178:diet therapy; D011247:Pregnancy
keywords: AMH; Dietary pattern; Hyperandrogenism; Ongoing pregnancy; PCOS; Phenotype