title: An Appraisal of the Clinical Features of Pediatric Enteric Fever: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Age-Stratified Disease Occurrence.
abstract: Children bear a substantial proportion of the enteric fever disease burden in endemic areas. Controversy persists regarding which age groups are most affected, leading to uncertainty about optimal intervention strategies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in Asia and Africa to compare the relative proportion of children with enteric fever in the age groups <5 years, 5-9 years, and 10-14 years. Overall, studies conducted in Africa showed a relatively smaller occurrence of disease in the youngest age group, whereas in Asia the picture was more mixed with a very large degree of heterogeneity in estimates. The clinical features of enteric fever reviewed here differ between younger and older children and adults, likely leading to further uncertainty over disease burden. It is evident from our review that preschool children and infants also contribute a significant proportion of disease burden but have not been adequately targeted via vaccination programs, which have been focusing primarily on school-based vaccination campaigns.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and.
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Britto
authors.affiliation: Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.affiliation: Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and.|Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Merryn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Voysey
authors.affiliation: Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and.
authors.forename: Christoph J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Blohmke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000367:Age Factors; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010284:Paratyphoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012482:Salmonella paratyphi A / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: clinical.; enteric fever; paratyphoid; pediatric; typhoid