title: Microbiota and Human Health: characterization techniques and transference.
abstract: The human microbiota comprises all the microorganisms of our body, which can also be categorised as commensals, mutualists and pathogens according to their behaviour. Our knowledge of the human microbiota has considerably increased since the introduction of 16S rRNA next generation sequencing (16S rDNA gene). This technological breakthrough has seen a revolution in the knowledge of the microbiota composition and its implications in human health. This article details the different human bacterial ecosystems and the scientific evidence of their involvement in different diseases. The faecal microbiota transplant procedure, particularly used to treat recurrent diarrhoea caused by Clostridium difficile, and the methodological bases of the new molecular techniques used to characterise microbiota are also described.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Sevilla, España. Electronic address: rosacampo@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Del Campo-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alarcón-Cavero
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica, Valencia, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Auria
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delgado-Palacio
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Martínez
mesh_terms: D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
keywords: Faecal microbiota transplant; Human microbiota; Influence on health; Influencia en la salud; Microbiota humana; Next generation sequencing; Next generation wequencing; Trasferencia de materia fecal