title: MR Lymphangiography: A Practical Guide to Perform It and a Brief Review of the Literature from a Technical Point of View.
abstract: We propose a practical approach for performing high-resolution MR lymphangiography (MRL). We shall discuss and illustrate the technical approach for the visualization of lymphatic vessels in patients suffering from lymphedema, how to distinguish lymphatic vessels from veins, and MRL role in supermicrosurgery treatment planning. A brief review of literature, from a technical point of view, is also reported.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco Giuseppe
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2145-7133
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Mazzei
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Diagnostic Imaging, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Diagnostic Imaging, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7875-3342
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guerrini
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Diagnostic Imaging, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Nevada
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4004-5011
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cioffi Squitieri
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Duccio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guerrieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gennaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Radiology 2, Perugia University, S. Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scialpi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Diagnostic Imaging, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6655-5979
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volterrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Diagnostic Imaging, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 10, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Antonietta
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6778-6894
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mazzei
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008220:Lymphography / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media