title: The work environment and empowerment as predictors of patient safety culture in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As scant research based information is available regarding the work environment, empowerment and patient safety culture, this study from a developing country (Turkey) in which health care institutions are in a state of transition, aimed to investigate further the relationships between these three variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed. The sample comprised 274 nurse participants working in a university hospital located in Izmir (Turkey). In data evaluation, descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analyses were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The work environment and structural empowerment were related to the patient safety culture and explained 55% of the variance in patient safety culture perceptions. 'Support for optimal patient care', 'nurse/physician relationships' and 'staff involvement in organisational affairs' were the significant predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An enhancement of the work environment and providing access to empowerment structures may help health care organisations improve the patient safety culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In light of the findings, the following actions can be recommended to inform health care leaders: providing necessary resources for nursing practise, encouraging nurses' participation in decision-making, strengthening communication within the team and giving nurses the opportunities to cope with challenging work problems to learn and grow.
authors.affiliation: Dokuz Eylul University, Nursing Management Department, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hasan Fehmi
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Dirik
authors.affiliation: Dokuz Eylul University, Nursing Management Department, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seyda Seren
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Intepeler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015279:Organizational Culture; D061214:Patient Safety / Q000592:standards*; D011209:Power, Psychological; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards*
keywords: empowerment; patient safety culture; work environment