title: The prevalence of hypertension in relation with the normal albuminuria range in type 2 diabetes mellitus within the South Korean population: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012.
abstract: The coexistence of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. In some studies, normal albuminuria has also been associated with cardiovascular disease and HTN. Therefore, we examined the relationships between albuminuria and the prevalence of HTN and its control rate in type 2 DM patients.
  
  
  
  We analyzed data from the 2011-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and 1188 subjects with type 2 DM were included in the study. We divided albuminuria into 3 albuminuria tertiles (T): T1: <4.82mg/g; T2: 4.82-17.56mg/g; and T3: ≥17.56mg/g. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively correlated with the albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) after adjusting for all covariates (P<0.001). Type 2 DM subjects with hypertension had more ACR T3 (odds ratio=2.018, 95% confidence interval=1.445-2.818) than subjects without HTN. Subjects with controlled HTN had less ACR T3 than subjects without controlled HTN (odds ratio=0.566, 95% confidence interval=0.384-0.836). When, we redivided albuminuria by <10, 10-30 (high normal albuminuria), 30-300mg/g (microalbuminuria), and 300mg/g≤(macroalbuminuria), the odds ratio for high normal albuminuria and microalbuminuria was 1.52 and 2.24, respectively in the presence of HTN, however, high normal albuminuria was not associated with HTN control.
  
  
  
  In conclusion, albuminuria within the high normal range was associated with the prevalence of HTN in South Korean patients with type 2 DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Koh-Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Kyun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Do
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mrchir@naver.com.
authors.forename: Yang-Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Albuminuria; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension; Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey