title: Sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma: Treatment outcomes and association with human papillomavirus.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to review long-term outcomes of sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and to clarify its association with human papillomavirus (HPV).
  
  
  
  The medical records of 23 patients with sinonasal ACC treated with primary surgical resection between 1998 and 2013 were reviewed. Tissue specimens were available for 17 patients. The p16 testing was performed using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and HPV infection was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers targeting the E6/E7 region.
  
  
  
  Two of the 17 samples showed strong and diffuse p16 staining, whereas the remaining 15 cases showed p16-positivity isolated to the luminal cells. Only one of the p16-positive cases was positive for HPV. The 5-year local failure, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were 51%, 52%, and 62%, respectively.
  
  
  
  Local failures are common with advanced sinonasal ACC, and the association of HPV with true sinonasal ACC is low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Dukagjin M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Blakaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Maura L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gillison
authors.affiliation: Center for Biostatistics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Lai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Aashish D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Virginia M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Diavolitsis
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wobb
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Stephen Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Ricardo L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Carrau
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Grecula
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: adenoid cystic carcinoma; human papillomavirus; p16; paranasal sinus neoplasms; radiotherapy