title: Does a 4-6 Week Shoeing Interval Promote Optimal Foot Balance in the Working Equine?
abstract: Variation in equine hoof conformation between farriery interventions lacks research, despite associations with distal limb injuries. This study aimed to determine linear and angular hoof variations pre- and post-farriery within a four to six week shoeing/trimming interval. Seventeen hoof and distal limb measurements were drawn from lateral and anterior digital photographs from 26 horses pre- and post-farriery. Most lateral view variables changed significantly. Reductions of the dorsal wall, and weight bearing and coronary band lengths resulted in an increased vertical orientation of the hoof. The increased dorsal hoof wall angle, heel angle, and heel height illustrated this further, improving dorsopalmar alignment. Mediolateral measurements of coronary band and weight bearing lengths reduced, whilst medial and lateral wall lengths from the 2D images increased, indicating an increased vertical hoof alignment. Additionally, dorsopalmar balance improved. However, the results demonstrated that a four to six week interval is sufficient for a palmer shift in the centre of pressure, increasing the loading on acutely inclined heels, altering DIP angulation, and increasing the load on susceptible structures (e.g., DDFT). Mediolateral variable asymmetries suit the lateral hoof landing and unrollment pattern of the foot during landing. The results support regular (four to six week) farriery intervals for the optimal prevention of excess loading of palmar limb structures, reducing long-term injury risks through cumulative, excessive loading.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Performance in Equestrian Sport, Hartpury College, Gloucester GL19 3BE, UK. Kirsty.lesniak@hartpury.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kirsty
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leśniak
authors.affiliation: Centre for Performance in Equestrian Sport, Hartpury College, Gloucester GL19 3BE, UK. jane.williams@hartpury.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Centre for Performance in Equestrian Sport, Hartpury College, Gloucester GL19 3BE, UK. kerrykuznik@hotmail.co.uk.
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuznik
authors.affiliation: PE Douglas DWP, Ivybridge, Devon PL21 0NP, UK. peter.douglas@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Douglas
keywords: conformation; equine; hoof; hoof angle; morphometric measurements; shoeing