title: Potential use of lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc mesenteroides as a probiotic for the removal of Pb(II) toxicity.
abstract: It has been demonstrated that certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can sequester metal ions by binding them to their surfaces. In the present study, lead (Pb)-resistant LAB were isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food. A total of 96 different LAB strains were isolated, and 52 strains showed lead resistance. Among them, an LAB strain-96 (L-96) identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides showed remarkable Pb resistance and removal capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of this strain calculated using the Langmuir isotherm was 60.6 mg Pb/g. In an in vivo experiment, young male mice were provided with water (A), Pb-water (B), or Pb-water+ L-96 (C) during puberty. Lower glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels in Pb-exposed male mice that received strain L-96 as a probiotic were suggestive of reduced hepatotoxicity. Moreover, feces from mice treated with L-96 contained more Pb than feces from untreated mice. Increased Pb elimination likely reduced internal accumulation, and this hypothesis was supported by significantly lower Pb concentrations in kidneys and testes of the mice treated with strain L-96. The motility and ATP content of epididymal spermatozoa were partially restored if strain L-96 was administered. In conclusion, isolated L-96 LAB had lead-biosorption activity and efficiently detoxified lead-poisoned male mice, resulting in recovering male reproductive function. These results suggest the potential use of LAB as a probiotic to protect humans from the adverse effects of Pb exposure.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.|Safety, Environment and Life Science Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.|Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Muk
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wan-Kyu
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea. leesangm@jbnu.ac.kr.|Safety, Environment and Life Science Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea. leesangm@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Myeong
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea. btoh@jbnu.ac.kr.|Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea. btoh@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byung-Taek
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005516:Food Microbiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007854:Lead / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000070007:Leuconostoc mesenteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008124:Locomotion; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007854:Lead; D000637:Transaminases
keywords: bioremediation; environmental health; exopolysaccharides; fermentation; lactic acid bacteria