title: A comparative assessment of adipose-derived stem cells from subcutaneous and visceral fat as a potential cell source for knee osteoarthritis treatment.
abstract: The intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is a novel potential therapy for patients with osteoarthritis (OA). However, the efficacy of ASCs from different regions of the body remains unknown. This study investigated whether ASCs from subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue provide the same improvement of OA. Mouse and human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were excised for ASC isolation. Morphology, proliferation, surface markers and adipocyte differentiation of subcutaneous ASCs (S-ASCs) and visceral ASCs (V-ASCs) were analysed. A surgically induced rat model of OA was established, and 4 weeks after the operation, S-ASCs, V-ASCs or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, control) were injected into the articular cavity. Histology, immunohistochemistry and gene expression analyses were performed 6 weeks after ASC injection. The ability of ASCs to differentiate into chondrocytes was assessed by in vitro chondrogenesis, and the immunosuppressive activity of ASCs was evaluated by co-culturing with macrophages. The proliferation of V-ASCs was significantly greater than that of S-ASCs, but S-ASCs had the greater adipogenic capacity than V-ASCs. In addition, the infracted cartilage treated with S-ASCs showed significantly greater improvement than cartilage treated with PBS or V-ASCs. Moreover, S-ASCs showed better chondrogenic potential and immunosuppression in vitro. Subcutaneous adipose tissue is an effective cell source for cell therapy of OA as it promotes stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes and inhibits immunological reactions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhang-Yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine College, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Peng-Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Qun
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.|Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2667-1921
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000166:cytology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010641:Phenotype; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000166:cytology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
keywords: osteoarthritis; subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells; visceral adipose-derived stem cells