title: Potential plant growth-promoting strain Bacillus sp. SR-2-1/1 decolorized azo dyes through NADH-ubiquinone:oxidoreductase activity.
abstract: In this study, a bacterial strain SR-2-1/1 was isolated from textile wastewater-irrigated soil for its concurrent potential of plant growth promotion and azo-dye decolorization. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed its identity as Bacillus sp. The strain tolerated high concentrations (i.e. up to 1000mgL-1) of metals (Ni2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Zn2+, and Cr6+) and efficiently decolorized the azo dyes (i.e. reactive black-5, reactive red-120, direct blue-1 and congo red). It also demonstrated considerable in vitro phosphate solubilizing and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase abilities at high metal and salt levels. Bioinformatics analysis of its 537bp azoreductase gene and deduced protein revealed that it decolorized azo dyes through NADH-ubiquinone:oxidoreductase enzyme activity. The deduced protein was predicted structurally and functionally different to those of its closely related database proteins. Thus, the strain SR-2-1/1 is a powerful bioinoculant for bioremediation of textile wastewater contaminated soils in addition to stimulation of plant growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Electronic address: shahidmpg@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahid
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sabir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tanvir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shahzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari Campus, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tahir
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ijaz
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Athar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Agro-ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Denmark.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan; Soil Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imran
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shahid Ali Khan
authors.initials: SAK
authors.lastname: Babar
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D001407:Bacillus / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D009243:NAD; D014451:Ubiquinone
keywords: Bacillus; Bioinformatics analysis; Decolorization; Molecular identification; PGPR