title: Successful multigravid pregnancy in a 42-year-old patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and a review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For peritoneal dialysis patients, the likelihood of conception is low and the probability of getting through the pregnancy successfully is even lower. Almost 60 years after the first reported case of a successful pregnancy in a dialysis patient, many issues concerning pregnancy in dialysis patients remain unresolved. Our patient's pregnancy is considered high risk as she has end stage renal failure and falls in the category of advance maternal age for pregnancy. We describe here the course of her uneventful pregnancy which we hope will contribute to the overall knowledge and management of pregnancy in elderly patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a successful elderly multigravid pregnancy, in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Her pregnancy was detected early and she was closely managed by the nephrologist and obstetrician. She tolerated the same PD prescription throughout 36 weeks of pregnancy with daily ultrafiltration of 500-1500mls. Her blood pressure remained well controlled without the need of any antihypertensive medication. Her total Kt/V ranged from 1.93 to 2.73. Her blood parameters remained stable and she was electively admitted at 36 weeks for a trans-peritoneal lower segment caesarian section and bilateral tubal ligation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the age of 42, our case is the oldest reported successful pregnancy in a patient on peritoneal dialysis. With careful counselling and meticulous follow up, we have shown that woman in the early stage of end stage renal failure can successfully deliver a full term baby without any complications. Therefore, these women should not be discourage from conceiving even if they are in advanced maternal age for pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Unit, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. drchrislim@gmail.com.|Department of Nephology, Hospital Serdang, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia. drchrislim@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thiam Seong Christopher
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephology, Hospital Serdang, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Malini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shanmuganathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephology, Hospital Serdang, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephology, Hospital Serdang, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Bak Leong
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Adequacy; Advance maternal age; Peritoneal dialysis; Pregnancy