title: Short review of potential synergies of immune checkpoint inhibition and radiotherapy with a focus on Hodgkin lymphoma: radio-immunotherapy opens new doors.
abstract: Radiotherapy is an established local treatment in patients with various malignancies. Systemic responses following local irradiation have been described as abscopal effects. Modern cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown impressive response rates and prolongation of survival even in heavily pretreated patients with advanced solid malignancies and lymphomas. Radiotherapy has been shown to modulate immune response, and its application in the context of immune checkpoint inhibition has recently evolved into an active field of research. Prospective studies investigating combination treatment are currently ongoing and will answer questions as to the optimal schedule and radiation dosing. This short review focuses on the immunomodulatory role of radiotherapy and the use of immune checkpoint inhibition with a special focus on Hodgkin lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Oncology & CyberKnife Center University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Radio Immune-Oncology Consortium (RIO), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|German Hodgkin Study Group, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baues
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Oncology & CyberKnife Center University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Radio Immune-Oncology Consortium (RIO), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trommer-Nestler
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Oncology & CyberKnife Center University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jablonska
authors.affiliation: German Hodgkin Study Group, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bröckelmann
authors.affiliation: Radio Immune-Oncology Consortium (RIO), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department of Dermatology & Venerology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlaak
authors.affiliation: Radio Immune-Oncology Consortium (RIO), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Bergwelt-Baildon
authors.affiliation: German Hodgkin Study Group, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engert
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Oncology & CyberKnife Center University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|German Hodgkin Study Group, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Semrau
authors.affiliation: Department of Radio-Oncology & CyberKnife Center University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|German Hodgkin Study Group, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marnitz
authors.affiliation: Radio Immune-Oncology Consortium (RIO), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.|Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Theurich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006131:Growth Inhibitors
keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma; abscopal effect; radio-immunotherapy