title: LiNbO3:Pr3+: A Multipiezo Material with Simultaneous Piezoelectricity and Sensitive Piezoluminescence.
abstract: Red-emitting piezoluminescence (elasticoluminescence) is achieved by doping rare earth Pr3+into the well-known piezoelectric matrix, LiNbO3. By precisely tuning the Li/Nb ratio in nonstoichiometric LixNbO3:Pr3+, a material that exhibits an unusually high piezoluminescence intensity, which far exceeds that of any well-known piezoelectric material, is produced. LixNbO3:Pr3+shows excellent strain sensitivity at the lowest strain level, with no threshold for stress sensing. These multipiezo properties of sensitive piezoluminescence in a piezoelectric matrix are ideal for microstress sensing, damage diagnosis, electro-mechano-optical energy conversion, and multifunctional control in optoelectronics.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Saga, 841-0052, Japan.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Saga, 841-0052, Japan.|Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan.|International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Chao-Nan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Saga, 841-0052, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Saga, 841-0052, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujihala
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Saga, 841-0052, Japan.|Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Jou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirotsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Xu-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Zheng
keywords: electric-mechanic-optoelectronic conversion; mechanoluminescence; multipiezo; piezoluminescence; thresholdless stress sensing