title: Role of Angiography in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Induced Choroiditis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of systemic lupus erythematosus-induced choroidal vasculitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 34-year-old woman with a long-standing history of systemic lupus erythematosus had a sudden painless loss of vision in the right eye over 12 hours. Ocular examination revealed a visual acuity of counting fingers of 1 foot on the right eye and 20/20 on the left. There was a relative afferent pupillary defect on the right side with a pink, distinct optic disk margin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optical coherence tomography of the macula and fundus fluorescein angiogram for the eyes were normal. The MRI brain and orbit with the cerebral MRA did not show signs of optic neuritis or occipital vasculitic changes. However, the indocyanine green angiography revealed patches of ill-defined areas of choroidal hypofluorescence in the early- to mid-phase in the macula region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICGA becomes the crucial tool in unmasking the presence of choroidal vasculitis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , University Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kenneth Rohan
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , University Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lai Yin
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , University Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Tajunisah Begum
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , University Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Visvaraja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Subrayan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002833:Choroiditis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D011239:Prednisolone; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008775:Methylprednisolone
keywords: Choroidal Vasculitis; Choroiditis; Choroidopathy; Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICGA); Systemic Lupus Erythematosus