title: Energy expenditure in people with motor-complete paraplegia.
abstract: METHODS
  The present descriptive clinical and laboratory study is cross-sectional in design.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The primary aim is to describe and compare resting energy expenditure (REE) and energy expenditure (EE) during different standardized sedentary, non-exercise and exercise activities in people with motor-complete paraplegia (Th7 to Th12.). A secondary aim was to compare men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight adults (10 women) with SCI, T7-T12 AIS A-B, were recruited. All the data were collected through indirect calorimetry. REE was measured in supine for 30 min after 8 h of overnight fasting. Activity energy expenditure (AEE) for activities was measured for seven minutes during sedentary, non-exercise physical activity (NEPA) and exercise activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AEE increased four to eight times when engaging in NEPA compared to that in sedentary activities. Men had significantly higher resting oxygen uptake compared to women, 0.19 vs 0.15 l min-1(P=0.005), REE per 24 h, 1286 vs 1030 kcal (P=0.003) and EE during weight-bearing activities. However, these became nonsignificant after adjustment for body weight and speed of movement, with a mean resting oxygen uptake of 2.47 ml O2per kg min-1for the whole group (women 2.43 and men 2.57 ml O2kg-1min-1, P=0.49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NEPA increases AEE up to eight times compared to sedentary activities. Gender differences in oxygen uptake during both rest and weight-bearing activities were diminished after adjustment for body weight. The mean resting oxygen uptake for the whole group was 2.47 ml O2kg-1min-1. These results highlight the importance, especially of NEPA, for increasing total daily EE in the target population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurodegeneration, Neurorehabilitation Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Rehab Station Stockholm/Spinalis R&D Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Holmlund
authors.affiliation: Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ekblom-Bak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franzén
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurodegeneration, Neurorehabilitation Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hultling
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: L Nilsson
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Wikmar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurodegeneration, Neurorehabilitation Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Rehab Station Stockholm/Spinalis R&D Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wahman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics