title: Relationship between rapheal echogenicity and personality as possible markers of a disposition to develop depressive and anxiety disorders.
abstract: Early diagnosis of anxiety and depression may be facilitated by the use of neurobiological markers. In depression and panic disorder, transcranial sonography (TCS) has revealed decreased echogenicity of the brainstem raphe (BR). The aim of the present study was to detect whether decreased echogenicity of the BR correlates with personality features described in the five-dimension model, especially neuroticism. We examined 100 healthy volunteers using quantitative and qualitative TCS, the five-dimension revised NEO Personality Inventory, Beck´s scales of anxiety and depression, and the Social Re-adjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). Visual BR anechogenicity was found in 11 subjects, BR hypoechogenicity in 29 subjects, and normal BR echogenicity in 60 subjects. The visual assessment correlated with the digital assessment. Comparing the groups with visual BR anechogenicity and BR normoechogenicity, only increased SRRS score and increased agreeableness z-score were significant. Our hypothesis that BR hypoechogenicity reflects an inclination for depression and anxiety characterized by the personality dimension neuroticism was not supported. However, this disposition may be present in a different state, such as stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic. Electronic address: petr.silhan@fno.cz.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Šilhán
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic. Electronic address: martin.hyza@fno.cz.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hýža
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 38 Hradec Králové1, Czech Republic; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. Electronic address: hosak@lfhk.cuni.cz.
authors.forename: Ladislav
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hosák
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic. Electronic address: denisa.pernickova@fno.cz.
authors.forename: Denisa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perničková
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic. Electronic address: jan.vantuch@fno.cz.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vantuch
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Hospital with Oupatient Clinic Karviná-Ráj, Vydmuchov 399/5, 734 01 Karviná-Ráj, Czech Republic. Electronic address: monjel@centrum.cz.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jelínková
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic. Electronic address: skoloudik@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Školoudík
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011903:Raphe Nuclei / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Neuroticism; Personality dimension; Transcranial sonography