title: Optimization of mold wheat bread fortified with soy flour, pea flour and whey protein concentrate.
abstract: The objective of this work was to study the effect of replacing a selected wheat flour for defatted soy flour, pea flour and whey protein concentrate on both dough rheological characteristics and the performance and nutritional quality of bread. A mixture design was used to analyze the combination of the ingredients. The optimization process suggested that a mixture containing 88.8% of wheat flour, 8.2% of defatted soy flour, 0.0% of pea flour and 3.0% of whey protein concentrate could be a good combination to achieve the best fortified-bread nutritional quality. The fortified bread resulted in high protein concentration, with an increase in dietary fiber content and higher calcium levels compared with those of control (wheat flour 100%). Regarding protein quality, available lysine content was significantly higher, thus contributing with the essential amino acid requirement.
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, República Argentina.|2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Melina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erben
authors.affiliation: 1 Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, República Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osella
mesh_terms: D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005433:Flour; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005658:Fungi; D009753:Nutritive Value; D018532:Pisum sativum; D014908:Triticum; D000067816:Whey Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins
keywords: Fortified mold bread; experimental mixture design; pea flour; soy flour; whey protein concentrate