title: Fertility Preservation for Transgender Adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe fertility preservation (FP) utilization by transgender adolescents within a pediatric gender clinic between July 2013 and July 2016.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was conducted to abstract demographic and clinical information among adolescents initiating gender-affirming hormones, including patient age at initial FP consultation, birth-assigned sex, race/ethnicity, and outcome of FP consultation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our sample of 105 transgender adolescents, a total of 13 (seven transgender men and six transgender women) between the age of 14.2 and 20.6 years were seen in formal consultation for FP before initiating hormones. Of these adolescents, four completed sperm cryopreservation and one completed oocyte cryopreservation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rates of FP utilization among transgender youth were low, which is consistent with a recently published report of FP utilization among transgender youth at another pediatric institution. Identified barriers to FP in our sample included cost, invasiveness of procedures, and desire not to delay medical transition.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: DiChen@luriechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Urology & Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Emilie K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Division of General Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Lockart
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Finlayson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000068116:Gender Dysphoria / Q000188:drug therapy; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013094:Spermatozoa; D063106:Transgender Persons; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones
keywords: Fertility; Fertility preservation; Gamete cryopreservation; Transgender adolescents; Transgender medicine