title: Biological Principles of Scar and Contracture.
abstract: Hypertrophic scar and contracture in burn patients is a complex process. Contributing factors include critical injury depth and activation of key cell subpopulations, including deep dermal fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, fibrocytes, and T-helper cells, which cause scarring rather than regeneration. These cells influence each other via cellular profibrotic and antifibrotic signals, which help to determine the outcome. These cells also both modify and interact with extracellular matrix of the wound, ultimately forming hypertrophic scar. Current treatments reduce hypertrophic scar formation or improve remodeling by targeting these pathways and signals.
authors.affiliation: 2A Plastic Surgery, Kaye Edmonton Clinic, University of Alberta, 11400 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z1, Canada.
authors.forename: Peter O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, 2D2.28 WMHSC, 8440-112 Street Northwest, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada. Electronic address: etredget@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Edward E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Tredget
mesh_terms: D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications*; D002450:Cell Communication; D017439:Cicatrix, Hypertrophic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003286:Contracture / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000502:physiology; D014945:Wound Healing
keywords: Burns; Cicatrix; Contracture; Hypertrophic scar; Wound healing