title: Chemical investigation and quality of urban dew collections with dust precipitates.
abstract: The quality and chemical composition of urban dew collections with dust precipitates without pre-cleaning of the collecting surface WSF (white standard foil) were investigated for 16 out of 20 collected samples with collected volumes ranging from 22 to 230 ml. The collection period was from March to July 2015 at an urban area, Jubaiha, which is located in the northern part of the capital city Amman, Jordan. The obtained results indicated the predominance of Ca2+and SO42-ions (ratio 2.2:1) that originated from Saharan soil dust; where the collected samples were alkaline (mean pH = 7.35) with high mineralization (429.22 mg/L) exceeding the previously reported dew values in Amman-Jordan. A relocation of NaCl and to a less extent Mg2+from sea to land by Saharan wind is indicated by the percent sea-salt fraction calculations (over 100 and 52, respectively). The collected samples exhibited high total organic carbon (TOC) values ranging from 11.86 to 74.60 mg/L, presence of particulate settled material with turbidity ranging from 20.10 to 520.00 NTU, and presence of undesired elements like boron (mean = 1.48 mg/L) that made it different in properties from other dew water collections at clean surfaces, and exceeding the standard limits for drinking water for these parameters set by Jordanian Drinking Water standards (JS286/2015)/WHO standard. The quality of this water is more close to that for raw or agricultural water but if it is meant to be used as potable source of water, at least sand and activated charcoal filters are needed to purify it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan.
authors.forename: Issam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Odeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. s.arar@ju.edu.jo.
authors.forename: Sharif
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Petra, Amman, 11196, Jordan. aalhuniti@uop.edu.jo.
authors.forename: Afnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Hunaiti
authors.affiliation: Water Authority of Jordan, Laboratories and Quality Affairs, Amman, 11183, Jordan.
authors.forename: Hiyam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sa'aydeh
authors.affiliation: Water Authority of Jordan, Laboratories and Quality Affairs, Amman, 11183, Jordan.
authors.forename: Ghada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hammad
authors.affiliation: Helsinki Institute of Physics, P. O. Box 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duplissy
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vuollekoski
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korpela
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuukka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Petäjä
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kulmala
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Physics, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
authors.forename: Tareq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hussein
mesh_terms: D000352:Africa, Northern; D002947:Cities; D004391:Dust; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007597:Jordan; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D004391:Dust
keywords: Alkalinity; Dew; Dust precipitate; Mineralization; TOC; Urban; Water quality