title: Effect of growth time on Ti-doped ZnO nanorods prepared by low-temperature chemical bath deposition.
abstract: Ti-doped ZnO nanorod arrays were grown onto Si substrate using chemical bath deposition (CBD) method at 93 °C. To investigate the effect of time deposition on the morphological, and structural properties, four Ti-doped ZnO samples were prepared at various deposition periods of time (2, 3.5, 5, and 6.5 h). FESEM images displayed high-quality and uniform nanorods with a mean length strongly dependent upon deposition time; i.e. it increases for prolonged growth time. Additionally, EFTEM images reveal a strong erosion on the lateral side for the sample prepared for 6.5 h as compared to 5 h. This might be attributed to the dissolution reaction of ZnO with for prolonged growth time. XRD analysis confirms the formation of a hexagonal wurtzite-type structure for all samples with a preferred growth orientation along the c-axis direction. The (100) peak intensity was enhanced and then quenched, which might be the result of an erosion on the lateral side of nanorods as seen in EFTEM. This study confirms the important role of growth time on the morphological features of Ti-doped ZnO nanorods prepared using CBD.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nano-optoelectronics Research & Technology Laboratory (INOR), School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shaker A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bidier
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nano-optoelectronics Research & Technology Laboratory (INOR), School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hashim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nano-optoelectronics Research & Technology Laboratory (INOR), School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ahmad M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Diabat
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Bahrain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bououdina
keywords: Chemical Bath Deposition; EFTEM; Growth Time; Ti-doped ZnO nanorod