title: Consensus Statement of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics on Evaluation and Management of Learning Disability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Learning Disability (LD) in children is a well-recognized developmental disorder, which has profound academic and psychosocial consequences. Due to the complex nature of LD and multiple disadvantages posed to the child due to LD, a multidisciplinary approach towards intervention is warranted. Given the paucity of evidence-based standardized treatment approaches, consensus guidelines for management of LD are needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The meeting on formulation of national consensus guidelines on neurodevelopmental disorders was organized by Indian Academy of Pediatrics in Mumbai on 18th and 19th December, 2015. The invited experts included Pediatricians, Developmental Pediatricians, Pediatric Neurologists, Psychiatrists, Remedial Educators and Clinical Psychologists. The participants framed guidelines after extensive discussions. Thereafter, a committee was established to review and finalize the points discussed in the meeting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide guidelines on evaluation and management of LD in children in India.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A basic intervention approach should focus on: (i) interpretation of evaluation reports; (ii) description of specific skills that may be delayed (e.g., phoneme awareness and phonics; reading comprehension; spelling; number sense and organizational skills) and (iii) identification of co-morbidities. The intervention should be inter-disciplinary and individualized to each child. Required services include: developmental pediatrics evaluation; neurological evaluation; ophthalmology and audiology evaluation; clinical psychology assessment; occupational therapy, remedial education, counseling for family, and career-counselling.
authors.affiliation: Kerala University, Thrissur; #Max Super Speciality Hospital, Chandigarh; $Child Development Centre, Ernakulam-Cochin; from ‡Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata; †Welcare Hospital, Vytilla; **New Horizons Group, Mumbai, India. Correspondence to: Dr Samir Dalwai, Convener, Director, New Horizons Child Development Centre, Mumbai, India. samyrdalwai@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: C Nair
authors.forename: Chhaya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Jeeson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Unni
authors.forename: Anjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kamath
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dalwai
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D032921:Consensus; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000458:organization & administration; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic