title: The association between Dietary Inflammatory Index scores and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)TM, which was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of a person's diet, has been shown to be associated with inflammatory conditions such as cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the association between DII scores and colorectal adenoma (CRA), a pre-cancerous condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Responses to baseline dietary questionnaires were used calculate DII scores. In a cross-sectional study design, the association between DII scores and CRA prevalence was determined in men and women separately using logistic regression models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten cancer screening centres across the USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were those included in the screening arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 44 278 individuals included in these analyses, men with diets in the most inflammatory quartile of DII scores had higher odds of all types of CRA (advanced, non-advanced and multiple (>1)) compared with those with diets in the least inflammatory quartile of DII scores. In fully adjusted models, compared with those with DII scores in quartile 1 (least inflammatory), males with DII scores in quartile 3 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1·28; 95 % CI 1·12, 1·47) and quartile 4 (aOR=1·41; 95 % CI 1·23, 1·62) were more likely to have prevalent distal CRA. Higher DII scores, representing a more inflammatory diet, also were weakly associated with a higher prevalence of CRA in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementing an anti-inflammatory diet may be an effective means of primary prevention of CRA, especially in men.
authors.affiliation: 1College of Public Health,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of Georgia,101 Buck Road,Health Sciences Campus,B.S. Miller Hall,Athens,GA 30602,USA.
authors.forename: Alyson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haslam
authors.affiliation: 1College of Public Health,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of Georgia,101 Buck Road,Health Sciences Campus,B.S. Miller Hall,Athens,GA 30602,USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagner Robb
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics,Arnold School of Public Health,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC,USA.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.affiliation: 1College of Public Health,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of Georgia,101 Buck Road,Health Sciences Campus,B.S. Miller Hall,Athens,GA 30602,USA.
authors.forename: Hanwen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics,Arnold School of Public Health,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC,USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics,Arnold School of Public Health,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC,USA.
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shivappa
authors.affiliation: 1College of Public Health,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of Georgia,101 Buck Road,Health Sciences Campus,B.S. Miller Hall,Athens,GA 30602,USA.
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ebell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber
keywords: Colorectal adenoma; Dietary Inflammatory Index; Racial disparities