title: EF-1α DNA Sequences Indicate Multiple Origins of Introduced Populations of Essigella californica (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
abstract: Aphids in the pine-feeding Nearctic genus Essigella (Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, Lachninae) have been introduced in Europe, North Africa, Oceania, and South America. Mitochondrial, nuclear, and endosymbiont DNA sequences of 12 introduced populations from three continents confirm they all belong to Essigella californica (Essig, 1909). Intron sequence variation of the nuclear gene EF-1α has revealed the existence of four distinct groups. Group I gathers one population from China, where the species is newly reported, and several from Europe (France and Italy); Group II is represented by one population from Argentina; Group III includes two populations from Southern Australia with one from New Zealand; and Group IV corresponds to five populations from Eastern and South-Eastern Australia. These results indicate that introduced populations of E. californica have at least four source populations. They also show that intron variation of EF-1α can be a method to discriminate populations of asexually reproducing aphids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Biodiversity Centre, University of Montreal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2 Canada ( thomasjcthery@gmail.com ; ColinFavret@AphidNet.org ).|Corresponding author, e-mail: thomasjcthery@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Théry
authors.affiliation: Scion, New Zealand Forest Research Institute, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand (Eckehard.Brockerhoff@scionresearch.com).
authors.forename: Eckehard G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Brockerhoff
authors.affiliation: NSW Forest Science, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Parramatta, NSW 2150, Australia (angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au).
authors.forename: Angus J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Carnegie
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, P. R. of China (chrui11@live.cn; qiaogx@ioz.ac.cn).
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: HVP Plantations, Churchill, VIC 3842, Australia (Stephen.Elms@hvp.com.au).
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Elms
authors.affiliation: Université Rennes 1, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Le Rheu 35653, France (maurice.hulle@rennes.inra.fr; evelyne.turpeau@inra.fr).
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hullé
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia ( richard@dess.net.au ).|Terrestrial Invertebrates, South Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Glatz
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), EEA Mendoza, Luján de Cuyo 5507, Mendoza, Argentina (ortegojaime@yahoo.com.ar).
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ortego
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, P. R. of China (chrui11@live.cn; qiaogx@ioz.ac.cn).
authors.forename: Ge-Xia
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Université Rennes 1, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Le Rheu 35653, France (maurice.hulle@rennes.inra.fr; evelyne.turpeau@inra.fr).
authors.forename: Évelyne
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Turpeau
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Biodiversity Centre, University of Montreal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2 Canada (thomasjcthery@gmail.com; ColinFavret@AphidNet.org).
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Favret
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020635:Buchnera / Q000235:genetics*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D058865:Introduced Species; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1
keywords: Lachninae; asexual lineage; invasive species; population discrimination; silvicultural pest