title: Hepatocellular carcinoma in Danish patients: a single Copenhagen center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer, and most HCC patients have underlying cirrhosis. Retrospectively, we aimed to characterize patients with newly diagnosed HCC at a Danish hospital and to investigate survival and identify predictive factors for survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients diagnosed with HCC from January 2008 to December 2014 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Overall survival was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify predictive factors for survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-seven patients were diagnosed with HCC (incidence rate 3.55/100,000 people/year). Ninety-three percent had underlying cirrhosis. Alcohol-related liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis B or C were responsible for 55 and 31% of cases, respectively. Median survival was 81 days and 1-month, 3-months and 1-year cumulative survival rates were 74, 40 and 17%, respectively. We identified the presence of portal vein thrombosis, high Child-Pugh score, high MELD score and high AST as independent negative prognostic factors for survival. Survival was poorer in patients seen for the first time when the diagnosis of HCC was made than in patients followed in the outpatient clinic (p = .06) indicating a substantial delay in diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival was poor in this cohort of patients, almost exclusively caused by delay in diagnosis and admittance to hospital. An increased general information about HCC and the possibilities of therapy seems warranted.
authors.affiliation: a Digestive Disease Center K, Section of Medical Gastroenterology , Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen NV , Denmark.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stefansdottir
authors.affiliation: a Digestive Disease Center K, Section of Medical Gastroenterology , Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen NV , Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: a Digestive Disease Center K, Section of Medical Gastroenterology , Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen NV , Denmark.
authors.forename: Frank Vinholt
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Schiødt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; outcome; prognosis