title: SERS detection of the biomarker hydrogen cyanide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures isolated from cystic fibrosis patients.
abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the primary cause of chronic airway infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Persistent infections are seen from the first P. aeruginosa culture in about 75% of young CF patients, and it is important to discover new ways to detect P. aeruginosa at an earlier stage. The P. aeruginosa biomarker hydrogen cyanide (HCN) contains a triple bond, which is utilized in this study because of the resulting characteristic C≡N peak at 2135 cm-1in a Raman spectrum. The Raman signal was enhanced by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) on a Au-coated SERS substrate. After long-term infection, a mutation in the patho-adaptive lasR gene can alter the expression of HCN, which is why it is sometimes not possible to detect HCN in the breath of chronically infected patients. Four P. aeruginosa reference strains and 12 clinical P. aeruginosa strains isolated from CF children were evaluated, and HCN was clearly detected from overnight cultures of all wild type-like isolates and half of the later isolates from the same patients. The clinical impact could be that P. aeruginosa infections could be detected at an earlier stage, because daily breath sampling with an immediate output could be possible with a point-of-care SERS device.
authors.affiliation: DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345B, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rikke Kragh
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Lauridsen
authors.affiliation: DTU Biosustain, Technical University of Denmark, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Kogle Allé 6, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lea M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: DTU Biosustain, Technical University of Denmark, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Kogle Allé 6, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Microbiology 9301, Rigshospitalet, Juliane Maries Vej 22, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
authors.forename: Helle Krogh
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.affiliation: DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345B, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rindzevicius
authors.affiliation: DTU Biosustain, Technical University of Denmark, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Kogle Allé 6, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Molin
authors.affiliation: DTU Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Matematiktorvet 301, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jelsbak
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren Balling
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Engelsen
authors.affiliation: DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345B, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boisen
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide / Q000032:analysis*; D009154:Mutation; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C080365:LasR protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D015534:Trans-Activators; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide; D006046:Gold