title: Quality assessment of crude and processed Arecae semen based on colorimeter and HPLC combined with chemometrics methods.
abstract: Raw Arecae Semen, the seed of Areca catechu L., as well as Arecae Semen Tostum and Arecae semen carbonisata are traditionally processed by stir-baking for subsequent use in a variety of clinical applications. These three Arecae semen types, important Chinese herbal drugs, have been used in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. In this study, the sensory technologies of a colorimeter and sensitive validated high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection were employed to discriminate raw Arecae semen and its processed drugs. The color parameters of the samples were determined by a colorimeter instrument CR-410. Moreover, the fingerprints of the four alkaloids of arecaidine, guvacine, arecoline and guvacoline were surveyed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Subsequently, Student's t test, the analysis of variance, fingerprint similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis and Pearson's correlation test were performed for final data analysis. The results obtained demonstrated a significant color change characteristic for components in raw Arecae semen and its processed drugs. Crude and processed Arecae semen could be determined based on colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector coupled with chemometrics methods for a comprehensive quality evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.|The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.|The Research Center for Quality Engineering Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-0719
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.|The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.|The Research Center for Quality Engineering Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.|The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.|The Research Center for Quality Engineering Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xingyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: College of Medical Information Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sujuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.|The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.|The Research Center for Quality Engineering Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shengwang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.|The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.|The Research Center for Quality Engineering Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.|The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.|The Research Center for Quality Engineering Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D001114:Areca / Q000737:chemistry*; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011786:Quality Control; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal
keywords: chemometrics; colorimetry; high-performance liquid chromatography; quality assessment; traditional Chinese medicine