title: Brain contusion as the main risk factor of memory or emotional complaints in chronic complicated mild traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk factors for memory or emotional complaints in patients with complicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted by physicians in a teaching hospital in Southern Taiwan, and complicated mTBI had been identified by means of computed tomography. Psychological complaints, including problems with memory and emotions, were collected by structured telephone interviews, 10-15 minutes long, and were held with subjects who agreed to participate in our study. Among 327 patients who were injured for more than two years, 190 agreed to join this study (mean age: 41.6 years; male: 60.5%; stably employed: 50.0%). We used demographic data and neurological factors to predict memory or emotional complaints without muscle power or response speed (MEMR) complaints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the presence or absence of cerebral contusions predicted memory or emotional complaints without MEMR complaints in different employed status, and the odds ratio was 4.82-13.50 times higher for those with cerebral contusions than for those without.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cerebral contusions were the primary risk factor for MEMR complaints in chronic complicated mTBI. Early preventive psychological intervention might be necessary for patients with complicated mTBI and cerebral contusions.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Allied Health Sciences , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bei-Yi
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Allied Health Sciences , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.|b Institute of Behavioral Medicine , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nai-Wen
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Behavioral Medicine , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nan-Chun
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Behavioral Medicine , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sheng-Sian
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: c Department of Diagnostic Radiology , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Tsung
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Allied Health Sciences , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chi
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Behavioral Medicine , College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: d Department of Orthopedics , National Cheng Kung University Hospital , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: e Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chi-Mei Medical Center , Tainan , Taiwan.|f Recreation Management Department , Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Willy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: g Department of Neurosurgery , Chi-Mei Medical Center , Tainan , Taiwan.|h Department of Biotechnology , Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jinn-Rung
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: e Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chi-Mei Medical Center , Tainan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Yin
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013624:Taiwan; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Complicated mild traumatic brain injury; contusion; emotion; memory; return to work