title: Immunosuppressive Effects ofBryoriasp. (Lichen-Forming Fungus) Extracts via Inhibition of CD8+T-Cell Proliferation and IL-2 Production in CD4+T Cells.
abstract: Lichen-forming fungi are known to have various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammation, and anti proliferative effects. However, the immunosuppressive effects ofBryoriasp. extract (BSE) have not previously been investigated. In this study, the inhibitory activity of BSE on the proliferation of CD8+T cells and the mixed lymphocytes reaction (MLR) was evaluated in vitro. BSE was non-toxic in spleen cells and suppressed the growth of splenocytes induced by anti-CD3. The suppressed cell population in spleen cells consisted of CD8+T cells and their proliferation was inhibited by the treatment with BSE. This extract significantly suppressed the IL-2 associated with T cell growth and IFN-γ as the CD8+T cell marker. Furthermore, BSE reduced the expression of the IL-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2Rα) on CD8+T cells and CD86 on dendritic cells by acting as antigen-presenting cells. Finally, the MLR produced by the co-culture of C57BL/6 and MMC-treated BALB/c was suppressed by BSE. IL-2, IFN-γ, and CD69 on CD8+T cells in MLR condition were inhibited by BSE. These results indicate that BSE inhibits the MLR via the suppression of IL-2Rα expression in CD8+T cells. BSE has the potential to be developed as an anti-immunosuppression agent for organ transplants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Ju
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Yun
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Seoun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.|Suncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Yee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000187:drug effects; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000187:drug effects; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007376:Interleukin-2; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
keywords: Bryoria sp.; CD8+ T cells; immunosuppressive effect; lichen forming fungus (LFF)