title: Noninvasive sample collection for the genotyping of neonatal rats using adhesive tape.
abstract: To develop a noninvasive sample collection method for genotyping, we compared PCR products from samples collected from neonates using five different brands of adhesive tape. Next, the youngest application age to distinguish genotypes was established. The tapes were applied on the backs of rats on postnatal day (PND) 10. DNA extracts from two brands provided clear PCR products that enabled genotype identification. The youngest age for distinguishing genotypes was PND 5; however, the youngest age that provided accurate results was PND 7. Thus, the present method allows for genotyping during the neonatal period without invasive burden and may improve animal welfare by refining.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirota
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sueoka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005260:Female; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D013048:Specimen Handling
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives
keywords: PCR; adhesive tape; genotyping; neonatal rat; refinement