title: Assessment of urban stream sediment pollutants entering estuaries using chemical analysis and multiple bioassays to characterise biological activities.
abstract: Stormwater contaminants are a major source of often neglected environmental stressors because of the emphasis placed on the management of municipal and industrial wastewaters. Stormwater-derived pollutants in sediments from two New Zealand estuaries was characterised by analytical chemistry and bioassays. Contaminants were extracted from sediment using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), recovered and concentrated by solid phase extraction (SPE), and analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), selected metals, and musk fragrances. The concentrations of PAHs were below the ANZECC Interim Sediment Quality Guideline values while those of lead and zinc exceeded them in some samples. The sediment extracts containing organic contaminants exhibited acute toxicity in the zebrafish fish embryo toxicity (FET) and teratogenicity, induction of biotransformation (EROD activity), and genotoxicity (comet assay) in zebrafish. The potential of the extracts to interact with endocrine signalling processes was assessed by GeneBLAzer reporter gene bioassays and they exhibited estrogenic, androgenic, and anti-progestagenic activities.
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Svenja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boehler
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Strecker
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heinrich
authors.affiliation: Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prochazka
authors.affiliation: Northcott Research Consultants Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Grant L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Northcott
authors.affiliation: Cawthron Institute, Nelson 7010, New Zealand.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ataria
authors.affiliation: Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Frederic D L
authors.initials: FDL
authors.lastname: Leusch
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Braunbeck
authors.affiliation: Cawthron Institute, Nelson 7010, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Electronic address: louis.tremblay@cawthron.org.nz.
authors.forename: Louis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D063366:Estuaries; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000633:toxicity; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009520:New Zealand; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C008563:musk
keywords: Analytical chemistry; Contaminants; EDCs; EROD; Stormwater; Zebrafish embryo acute toxicity test