title: Mining the fecal proteome: from biomarkers to personalised medicine.
abstract: Fecal proteomics has gained increased prominence in recent years. It can provide insights into the diagnosis and surveillance of many bowel diseases by both identifying potential biomarkers in stool samples and helping identify disease-related pathways. Fecal proteomics has already shown its potential for the discovery and validation of biomarkers for colorectal cancer screening, and the analysis of fecal microbiota by MALDI-MS for the diagnosis of a range of bowel diseases is gaining clinical acceptance. Areas covered: Based on a comprehensive analysis of the current literature, we introduce the range of sensitive and specific proteomics methods which comprise the current 'Proteomics Toolbox', explain how the integration of fecal proteomics with data processing/bioinformatics has been used for the identification of potential biomarkers for both CRC and other gut-related pathologies and analysis of the fecal microbiome, outline some of the current fecal assays in current clinical practice and introduce the concept of personalised medicine which these technologies will help inform. Expert commentary: Integration of fecal proteomics with other proteomics and genomics strategies as well as bioinformatics is paving the way towards personalised medicine, which will bring with it improved global healthcare.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases and Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Department of Neurology , the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College , Haikou , China.|b State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: b State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases and Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Department of Neurology , the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College , Haikou , China.|b State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Canhua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: b State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu , P.R. China.|c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Monash University , Clayton , Australia.
authors.forename: Edouard C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Nice
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D020543:Proteome / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Biomarkers; HUPO; big data; colorectal cancer; fecal proteomics; mass spectrometry; microbiota; personalised medicine