title: Common bean proteomics: Present status and future strategies.
abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume of appreciable importance and usefulness worldwide to the human population providing food and feed. It is rich in high-quality protein, energy, fiber and micronutrients especially iron, zinc, and pro-vitamin A; and possesses potentially disease-preventing and health-promoting compounds. The recently published genome sequence of common bean is an important landmark in common bean research, opening new avenues for understanding its genetics in depth. This legume crop is affected by diverse biotic and abiotic stresses severely limiting its productivity. Looking at the trend of increasing world population and the need for food crops best suited to the health of humankind, the legumes will be in great demand, including the common bean mostly for its nutritive values. Hence the need for new research in understanding the biology of this crop brings us to utilize and apply high-throughput omics approaches. In this mini-review our focus will be on the need for proteomics studies in common bean, potential of proteomics for understanding genetic regulation under abiotic and biotic stresses and how proteogenomics will lead to nutritional improvement. We will also discuss future proteomics-based strategies that must be adopted to mine new genomic resources by identifying molecular switches regulating various biological processes.
  
  
  
  Common bean is regarded as "grain of hope" for the poor, being rich in high-quality protein, energy, fiber and micronutrients (iron, zinc, pro-vitamin A); and possesses potentially disease-preventing and health-promoting compounds. Increasing world population and the need for food crops best suited to the health of humankind, puts legumes into great demand, which includes the common bean mostly. An important landmark in common bean research was the recent publication of its genome sequence, opening new avenues for understanding its genetics in depth. This legume crop is affected by diverse biotic and abiotic stresses severely limiting its productivity. Therefore, the need for new research in understanding the biology of this crop brings us to utilize and apply high-throughput omics approaches. Proteomics can be used to track all the candidate proteins/genes responsible for a biological process under specific conditions in a particular tissue. The potential of proteomics will not only help in determining the functions of a large number of genes in a single experiment but will also be a useful tool to mine new genes that can provide solution to various problems (abiotic stress, biotic stress, nutritional improvement, etc). We believe that a combined approach including breeding along with omics tools will lead towards attaining sustainability in legumes, including common bean.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir 190025, India. Electronic address: smzargar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sajad Majeed
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir 180009, India.
authors.forename: Reetika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir 190025, India.
authors.forename: Muslima
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nazir
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India.
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nagar
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Vandna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masi
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu & Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Syed Mudasir
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu & Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Riaz Ahmad
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Jammu & Kashmir 190006, India.
authors.forename: Nazir Ahmad
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ganai
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO Box 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal; GRADE Academy Private Limited, Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal.
authors.forename: Ganesh K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO Box 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal; GRADE Academy Private Limited, Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Randeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rakwal
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000502:physiology*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Common bean; Genomics; Markers; Proteogenomics; Proteomics