title: A study on total intravenous anesthesia in orthognathic surgical procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the use of propofol for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia among patients undergoing various combinations of orthognathic surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following Preoperative evaluation, patients were given Fentanyl (2 micrograms/kg) intravenously. Induction (2 mg/kg) and maintenance (10 mg/kg/hr) of anaesthesia was achieved by Propofol infusion. Blood Pressure and heart rate were maintained at >70 or 80 mm Hg and >50 respectively and were monitored continuously. Infusion was stopped approximately 30 to 40 minutes before the end of surgery. Immediate recovery recorded and was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average duration of anaesthesia and surgery were found to be 4 hrs 28 min (SD= 1 hr. 35 min) and 4 hrs 3 min (SD=1 hr 38 min). None of the patients experienced pain on injection of induction agent. No significant change was observed in the mean heart rate and mean BP at different time intervals from baseline value to 30 minutes after the recovery. The average time taken to obey simple commands after stopping Propofol infusion was 42.60 ± 9.09 min. Time taken for spontaneous eye opening, full orientation and to count backwards was 43.45 ± 9.11, 47.85 ± 8.18 and 50.9 ± 9.14 respectively. Face-Hand test performed at 15 min after extubation was positive in all the patients. The mean Aldrete score at 15 min after extubation was 11.65 ± 0.75. The mean value of unaided sitting time for at least 2 min was after 119.00 ± 20.56 min. The average score of picture card test, time taken in "picking up matches" test, Ball bearing test, time taken to walk and to void urine were 5.80 ± 1.47, 67.95 ± 5.72, 9.80 ± 2.57, 172.75 ± 39.25 and 163.75 ± 55.96 respectively. Ninety percent of the patients were amenable for a repeat of this anaesthetic using the same regime but 10% of them did not answer anything. Seven patients (35%) had chills post-operatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol is an excellent anaesthetic for day care procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of OMFS, Drs Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Vijayawada, India.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Vasundhar
authors.affiliation: Department of OMFS, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Dr. MGR Medical University, Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Gokkulakrishnan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sadhasivam
authors.affiliation: Department of OMFS, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India.
authors.forename: Satya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhushan
authors.affiliation: Department of OMFS, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India.
authors.forename: Siva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalyan
authors.affiliation: Department of OMFS, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India.
authors.forename: Kho Chai
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chiang
keywords: Anesthesia; intravenous anesthesia; orthognathic surgery; propofol; sedation