title: Genetic diversity of Diaphorina citri and its endosymbionts across east and south-east Asia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diaphorina citri is the vector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', the most widespread pathogen associated huanglongbing, the most serious disease of citrus. To enhance our understanding of the distribution and origin of the psyllid, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structures of 24 populations in Asia and one from Florida based on the mtCOI gene. Simultaneously, genetic diversity and population structures of the primary endosymbiont (P-endosymbiont) 'Candidatus Carsonella ruddii' and secondary endosymbiont (S-endosymbiont) 'Candidatus Profftella armatura' of D. citri were determined with the housekeeping genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AMOVA analysis indicated that populations of D. citri and its endosymbionts in east and south-east Asia were genetically distinct from populations in Pakistan and Florida. Furthermore, P-endosymbiont populations displayed a strong geographical structure across east and south-east Asia, while low genetic diversity indicated the absence of genetic structure among the populations of D. citri and its S-endosymbiont across these regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 'Ca. C. ruddii' is more diverse and structured than the D. citri and the 'Ca. P. armatura' across east and south-east Asia. Multiple introductions of the psyllid have occurred in China. Management application for controlling the pest is proposed based on the genetic information of D. citri and its endosymbionts. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yanjing
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-0910
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Changbao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mingyi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yijing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020562:Betaproteobacteria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002681:China; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D005431:Florida; D014644:Genetic Variation; D044129:Halomonadaceae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010154:Pakistan; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: Diaphorina citri; endosymbionts; mtCOI; ‘Candidatus Carsonella ruddii’; ‘Candidatus Profftella armatura’