title: Effectiveness Analysis of a Part-Time Rapid Response System During Operation Versus Nonoperation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of a part-time rapid response system on the occurrence rate of cardiopulmonary arrest by comparing the times of rapid response system operation versus nonoperation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1,360-bed tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients admitted to the general ward were screened. Data were collected over 36 months from rapid response system implementation (October 2012 to September 2015) and more than 45 months before rapid response system implementation (January 2009 to September 2012).
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rapid response system operates from 7 AM to 10 PM on weekdays and from 7 AM to 12 PM on Saturdays. Primary outcomes were the difference of cardiopulmonary arrest incidence between pre-rapid response system and post-rapid response system periods and whether the rapid response system operating time affects the cardiopulmonary arrest incidence. The overall cardiopulmonary arrest incidence (per 1,000 admissions) was 1.43. Although the number of admissions per month and case-mix index were increased (3,555.18 vs 4,564.72, p < 0.001; 1.09 vs 1.13, p = 0.001, respectively), the cardiopulmonary arrest incidence was significantly decreased after rapid response system (1.60 vs 1.23; p = 0.021), and mortality (%) was unchanged (1.38 vs 1.33; p = 0.322). After rapid response system implementation, the cardiopulmonary arrest incidence significantly decreased by 40% during rapid response system operating times (0.82 vs 0.49/1,000 admissions; p = 0.001) but remained similar during rapid response system nonoperating times (0.77 vs 0.73/1,000 admissions; p = 0.729).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of a part-time rapid response system reduced the cardiopulmonary arrest incidence based on the reduction of cardiopulmonary arrest during rapid response system operating times. Further analysis of the cost effectiveness of part-time rapid response system is needed.
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 2Interdepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 4Department of Anesthesiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 5Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Youlim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Seon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyunju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Yun Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Inae
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jong Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: You Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Ho Il
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Choon-Taek
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Yeon Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D057209:Hospital Rapid Response Team / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010362:Patients' Rooms / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers