title: Metabolic effects of intermittent access to caloric or non-caloric sweetened solutions in mice fed a high-caloric diet.
abstract: Human consumption of obesogenic diets and soft drinks, sweetened with different molecules, is increasing worldwide, and increases the risk of metabolic diseases. We hypothesized that the chronic consumption of caloric (sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), maltodextrin) and non-caloric (sucralose) solutions under 2-hour intermittent access, alongside the consumption of a high-fat high-sucrose diet, would result in differential obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice had ad libitum access to an HFHS diet and to water (water control group). In addition, some mice had access, 2h/day, 5days/week (randomly chosen) for 12weeks, to different solutions: i) a sucrose solution (2.1kJ/ml), ii) an HFCS solution (2.1kJ/ml), iii) a maltodextrin solution (2.1kJ/ml) and a sucralose solution (60mM) (n=15/group). Despite no changes in total caloric intake, 2h-intermittent access to the sucrose, HFCS or maltodextrin solutions led to increased body weight and accumulation of lipids in the liver when compared to the group consuming water only. The HFCS and sucrose solutions induced a higher fat mass in various fat depots, glucose intolerance, increased glucose oxidation at the expense of lipid oxidation, and a lower hypothalamic expression of NPY in the fasted state. HFCS also reduced proopiomelanocortin expression in the hypothalamus. 2h-intermittent access to sucralose did not result in significant changes in body composition, but caused a stronger expression of CART in the hypothalamus. Finally, sucrose intake showed a trend to increase the expression of various receptors in the nucleus accumbens, linked to dopamine, opioid and endocannabinoid signaling. In conclusion, 2h-intermittent access to caloric solutions (especially those sweetened with sucrose and HFCS), but not sucralose, resulted in adverse metabolic consequences in high-fat high-sucrose-fed mice.
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chaumontet
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Patrick C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Even
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dalila
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Azzout-Marniche
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tomé
authors.affiliation: AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: gilles.fromentin@agroparistech.fr.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fromentin
mesh_terms: D054369:Agouti-Related Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054369:Agouti-Related Protein; C515199:Agrp protein, mouse; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Diabetes; Fructose; Metabolism; Obesity; Sucrose; Sugar