title: Targeting Photochemical Scalpels or Lancets in the Photodynamic Therapy Field-The Photochemist's Role.
abstract: This review covers photochemical approaches aimed at supplementing surgical instruments with handheld photodynamic therapy (PDT) instruments. PDT is not widely used in hospitals, because of the laser equipment and expertise needed, and because insurance policies often do not cover the procedure. Accordingly, this review focuses on advances in photochemistry, photophysics, nanotechnology and miniaturization techniques that may likely inspire the use of handheld instruments in PDT. A takeaway point is that the advent of photochemical scalpels or lancets that deliver reactive oxygen species (ROS) on site may better equip medical practitioners and allow for eradication of tumors or infections in general. Specifically, the review is divided into several sections: sensitizer types, multiphoton and plasmonic topics, sensitizer delivery, light delivery, dosimetry, fiber optics and handheld implements in PDT.
authors.affiliation: PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Protti
authors.affiliation: PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY.
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY.|Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York City, NY.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greer
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D055100:Optical Fibers; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058626:Plasma Gases; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013525:Surgical Instruments
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D058626:Plasma Gases; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species