title: Examination of Attention Level in Nurses Working Night Shifts in terms of the Relationship between Electrodermal Activity and Sex Hormones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Electrodermal activity (EDA) is an electrical activity of eccrine sweat gland stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system. Skin conductance level (SCL) is measured with EDA. SCL and sweat gland activity increase in emotional situations, such as high activation, attention or stress. In this study, we investigated whether working in shifts affects attention level of nurses with EDA and explored the relationship between EDA and sex hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out on nurses working night shifts (16.00-08.00 h) (n=22) and nurses working without a shift (08.00-16.00 h) (n=20). Firstly, The Epworth Sleepiness Scale which evaluates a person's daytime sleepiness was applied to the subjects. For EDA measurement, Ag/AgCl electrodes were put on two fingers of their dominant hand. SCL was measured via MP30 system and GSR connection. The blood samples were analyzed for cortisol and ACTH hormone levels to investigate the changes in sleep and circadian rhythm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in skin conductance levels between the groups. Moreover, in the comparison of hormone values between the groups, the cortisol levels in night shift nurses were higher than in those working without a shift.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Night shift had no significant effect on the attention levels in the nurses. This situation is thought to be related to the fact that the nurses responsible for the night service raise their attention level to the highest point. The reason for higher level of cortisol in nurses working shifts may reflect that cortisol has no effect on the breadth of attention but reflects a high level of stress.
authors.affiliation: Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nazan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dolu
authors.affiliation: Erciyes University Health Sciences Institute, Division of Physiology, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya Deniz
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Elalmiş
authors.affiliation: Erciyes University Health Sciences Institute, Division of Physiology, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seval
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keloğlan
keywords: Electrodermal activity; attention; circadian rhythm; nurse; sleep