title: Sex-Related 30-Day and Long-Term Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
abstract: The data on sex as an independent risk factor for death in acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients are still contrasting. The aim was to assess how sex influences 30-day and long-term all-cause mortality in MI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  
  Data from 3624 MI patients undergoing PCI at our institution from January 2009 to December 2014, 30.6% were women, were analyzed. A propensity-matched analysis was performed to adjust for differences in the baseline characteristics between men and women. The effect of sex on 30-day and long-term mortality was observed. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used for 30-day mortality and Cox regression analysis for long-term mortality. The median follow-up time was 27 months (25th, 75th percentile: 9, 48).
  
  
  
  Women had a significantly higher unadjusted 30-day (5.9% in men vs. 9.5% in women; p < 0.0001) and long-term mortality (13.5% in men vs. 19.0% in women; p < 0.0001). In a propensity-matched analysis, female sex was not associated with a higher 30-day (adjusted odds ratio: 1.46; 95% confidence interval: 0.97-2.19) or long-term mortality (hazard ratio 1.02; 95% CI 0.81-1.28). Age older than 77 years, cardiogenic shock, PCI of left anterior descending artery (LAD), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow less than 3 after PCI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and P2Y12 receptor antagonists were identified as independent predictors of 30-day and long-term mortality. In addition, renal failure requiring dialysis predicted long-term mortality.
  
  
  
  Older age, comorbidities, worse clinical presentation, and adjunctive pharmacotherapy rather than sex may explain the higher mortality rate in women with MI undergoing PCI.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor , Maribor, Slovenia .
authors.forename: Vojko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kanic
authors.affiliation: 2 Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany .
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vollrath
authors.affiliation: 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor , Maribor, Slovenia .
authors.forename: Alojz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tapajner
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor , Maribor, Slovenia .|3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor , Maribor, Slovenia .
authors.forename: Andreja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sinkovic
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: mortality; myocardial infarction; percutaneous coronary intervention; sex