title: Project SafeFoodPack Design: case study on indirect migration from paper and boards.
abstract: Migration due to indirect contact with packaging caused several major sanitary crises, including the spread contamination of dry food by mineral oils and printing ink constituents from cardboard. The issues are still not fully resolved because the mechanisms have been insufficiently described and the relationship between design, contamination level, type of contaminant, and conditions of storage (time and temperature) are poorly understood. This study proposes a forensic analysis of these phenomena when food is separated from cardboard by a plastic layer. Practical relationships and advanced simulation scenarios were devised and validated against the long-term migration between 20 and 60°C of 15 substances. They were chosen to be representative of the main contaminants of cardboard: aliphatic and aromatic mineral oils, photo-initiators and plasticisers. Data were summarised as iso-contamination curves and iso-contamination times up to 2 years. Simple rules are illustrated to extrapolate the results to arbitrary conditions in order to identify critical substances and to estimate the plastic film's thickness to keep the contamination within acceptable limits. Recommendations for the risk management of contamination routes without contact are finally drafted.
authors.affiliation: a INRA , UMR 1145 Food Processing Engineering, Group Interaction between Material and Media in Contact , Massy , France.
authors.forename: Phuong-Mai
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais (LNE) , Chemistry and Physical Chemistry of Materials Division , Trappes Cedex France.
authors.forename: Jean Mario
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.affiliation: c 3S'InPack , Campus des Cézeaux, Aubière Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Breysse
authors.affiliation: b Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais (LNE) , Chemistry and Physical Chemistry of Materials Division , Trappes Cedex France.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lyathaud
authors.affiliation: c 3S'InPack , Campus des Cézeaux, Aubière Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thébault
authors.affiliation: a INRA , UMR 1145 Food Processing Engineering, Group Interaction between Material and Media in Contact , Massy , France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vitrac
mesh_terms: D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging; D007281:Ink; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000737:chemistry*; D010209:Paper
chemical_list: D008899:Mineral Oil
keywords: Migration; mineral oil; modelling; paperboard; safe by design