title: In Vitro Adult Astrocytes are Derived From Mature Cells and Reproduce in Vivo Redox Profile.
abstract: Astrocytes are versatile cells involved in synaptic information processing, energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, inflammatory response, and structural support of the brain. Recently, we established a routine protocol of cultured astrocytes derived from adult and aged Wistar rats, which present several different responses compared to newborn astrocytes, commonly used to characterize the role of the astrocytes in the central nervous system. Previous studies hypothesized that astrocyte cultures prepared from adult animals derive from immature precursors present in the adult tissue throughout life. Since our group has already demonstrated that the glial functionality of adult astrocytes differs from newborn cultures, the aim of this study was to confirm that our in vitro astrocytes were derived from mature cells. Therefore, we evaluated cytoskeleton proteins, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin, as well as Sox10, an essential marker of immature glial cells, in ex vivo tissue and in in vitro astrocytes from the same animals (1, 90, and 180 days old). In addition, we examined the mitochondrial functionality and the cellular redox homeostasis. Our results suggest that adult and aged astrocytes are derived from mature cells and that changes in mitochondrial parameters in ex vivo tissue were reproduced in in vitro astrocytes. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3111-3118, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora Guerini
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2982-4989
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bellaver
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Resende
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Terra
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.|Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fatima Costa Rodrigues
authors.initials: FCR
authors.lastname: Guma
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.|Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diogo Onofre
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.|Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quincozes-Santos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; C527923:SOX10 protein, human; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors; D014746:Vimentin
keywords: ADULT/AGED ASTROCYTES; MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONALITY; Sox10