title: Inhibitory Effect of Lychee Seed Saponins on Apoptosis Induced by Aβ25-35through Regulation of the Apoptotic and NF-κB Pathways in PC12 Cells.
abstract: Neuronal apoptosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that lychee seed saponins (LSS), isolated and extracted from traditional Chinese medicine lychee seeds, possess many beneficial activities including anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-AD, etc. In the present study, we established an in vitro neuronal apoptotic model of PC12 cells induced by Aβ25-35and studied the effect of LSS on apoptosis by the methods of Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence double staining, Annexin V/PI double staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). We also investigated the effects of LSS on mitochondria membrane potential, the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins, and the mRNA expression and the nuclear translocation ofNF-κBp65in PC12 cells. The results showed that LSS markedly inhibited apoptosis, improved the mitochondria membrane potentials, upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein, downregulated the expression of Bax protein, and decreased the mRNA expression and nuclear translocation ofNF-κBp65in PC12 cells. The study demonstrated that LSS significantly inhibited apoptosis induced by Aβ25-35via regulation of the apoptotic andNF-κBpathways in PC12 cells. Therefore, LSS has the potential to be developed as a novel agent or nutrient supplement for the prevention and/or treatment of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. wangxiulingbest@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiuling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. m18989131787_1@163.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. belkn@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.|Department of Human Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong 643000, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. tangy1989@yeah.net.|Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. tangy1989@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. dna0805001@163.com.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. tristan19810102@icloud.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. batilimao@163.com.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. shousongc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shousong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. dalianqin@swmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dalian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. jianmingwu@swmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival; D032125:Litchi / Q000737:chemistry*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012639:Seeds; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012503:Saponins; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35)
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Aβ25-35; NF-κB; PC12 cells; apoptosis; lychee seed saponins