title: Hazardous Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Ecosystem.
abstract: Although nanoparticles (NPs) have made incredible progress in the field of nanotechnology and biomedical research and their applications are demanded throughout industrial world particularly over the past decades, little is known about the fate of nanoparticles in ecosystem. Concerning the biosafety of nanotechnology, nanotoxicity is going to be the second most priority of nanotechnology that needs to be properly addressed. This review covers the chemical as well as the biological concerns about nanoparticles particularly titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs and emphasizes the toxicological profile of TiO2at the molecular level in both in vitro and in vivo systems. In addition, the challenges and future prospects of nanotoxicology are discussed that may provide better understanding and new insights into ongoing and future research in this field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Syed Niaz Ali
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9902-857X
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, China; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zahir
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2251-7601
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, China.
authors.forename: Muzammal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muzaffar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khan