title: Sleep Duration and Adiposity in Early Childhood: Evidence for Bidirectional Associations from the Born in Bradford Study.
abstract: To examine independent associations of sleep duration with total and abdominal adiposity, and the bidirectionality of these associations, in a young biethnic sample of children from a disadvantaged location.
  
  
  
  Child sleep duration (h/day) was parent-reported by questionnaire and indices of total (body weight, body mass index, percent body fat (%BF), sum of skinfolds) and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference) were measured using standard anthropometric procedures at approximately 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age in 1,338 children (58% South Asian; 42% White). Mixed effects models were used to quantify independent associations (expressed as standardised β-coefficients (95% confidence interval (CI)) of sleep duration with adiposity indices using data from all four time-points. Factors considered for adjustment in models included basic demographics, pregnancy and birth characteristics, and lifestyle behaviours.
  
  
  
  With the exception of the sum of skinfolds, sleep duration was inversely and independently associated with indices of total and abdominal adiposity in South Asian children. For example, one standard deviation (SD) higher sleep duration was associated with reduced %BF by -0.029 (95% CI: -0.053, -0.0043) SDs. Higher adiposity was also independently associated with shorter sleep duration in South Asian children (for example, %BF: β = -0.10 (-0.16, -0.028) SDs). There were no significant associations in White children.
  
  
  
  Associations between sleep duration and adiposity are bidirectional and independent among South Asian children from a disadvantaged location. The results highlight the importance of considering adiposity as both a determinant of decreased sleep and a potential consequence.
authors.affiliation: Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Collings
authors.affiliation: Parent-Infant Sleep Lab & Anthropology of Health Research Group, Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham.
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.affiliation: Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santorelli
authors.affiliation: Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: Sally E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.affiliation: Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: Rosemary Rc
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: McEachan
authors.affiliation: Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology*; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology*
keywords: Body fat; Ethnic Groups; Obesity; Pediatrics; Poverty.; Sleep length