title: New mechanistic insights into the motile-to-sessile switch in various bacteria with particular emphasis on Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review.
abstract: A biofilm is a complex assemblage of microbial communities adhered to a biotic or an abiotic surface which is embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Many transcriptional regulators play a role in triggering a motile-sessile switch and in consequently producing the biofilm matrix. This review is aimed at highlighting the role of two nucleotide signaling molecules (c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP), toxin antitoxin modules and a novel transcriptional regulator BolA in biofilm formation in various bacteria. In addition, it highlights the common themes that have appeared in recent research regarding the key regulatory components and signal transduction pathways that help Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to acquire the biofilm mode of life.
authors.affiliation: a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.
authors.forename: Faizan A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Sadiq
authors.affiliation: b School of Food and Nutrition , Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flint
authors.affiliation: c School of Life Sciences and Food Technology , Hanshan Normal University , Chaozhou , PR China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.
authors.forename: TongJie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: d Department of Microbiology , Quaid-e-Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hafiz Arbab
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Sakandar
authors.affiliation: a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.
authors.forename: GuoQing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; C528998:cyclic diadenosine phosphate; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP
keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Biofilms; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; transcriptional regulators