title: Microbial reduction of Fe(III)-bearing clay minerals in the presence of humic acids.
abstract: Both Fe(III)-bearing clay minerals and humic acids (HAs) are abundant in the soils and sediments. Previous studies have shown that bioreduction of structural Fe(III) in clay minerals could be accelerated by adding anthraquinone compound as a redox-active surrogate of HAs. However, a quinoid analogue could not reflect the adsorption and complexation properties of HA, and little is known about the effects of real HAs at environmental concentration on bioreduction of clay minerals. Here, it was shown that 10-200 mg l-1of natural or artificially synthesized HAs could effectively stimulate the bioreduction rate and extent of Fe(III) in both iron-rich nontronite NAu-2 and iron-deficient montmorillonite SWy-2. After adsorption to NAu-2, electron-transfer activities of different HA fractions were compared. Additionally, Fe(II) complexation by HAs also contributed to improvement of clay-Fe(III) bioreduction. Spectrosopic and morphological analyses suggested that HA addition accelerated the transformation of NAu-2 to illite, silica and siderite after reductive dissolution.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Guangfei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Baiqing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Yiying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Analysis &Research Center, Faculty of Chemical, Environmental &Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Zhanming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Ruofei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
authors.forename: Jiti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D000077215:Clay; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry; D020592:Shewanella / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D000880:Anthraquinones; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006812:Humic Substances; D008903:Minerals; D012987:Soil; D000077215:Clay