title: Association of IL1 beta gene polymorphism and allograft functions in renal transplant recipients :a case control study from Kashmir Valley.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokines have been found to be the important mediators during renal graft outcome. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the role of recipients' IL-1 β promoter (-511) and IL-1 β exon-5 (+3954) polymorphisms with the risk of graft outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled one hundred recipients of living-related renal transplants together with the age and sex matched controls from the healthy population not having any renal abnormality for this study. Genotype frequencies of the IL-1 β promoter (-511) and IL-1 β exon-5 (+3954) were analyzed using PCR-RFLP technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results revealed significant differences in the healthy control group and patient group in IL 1β +3954 (p < 0.001). The frequency of variant type TT genotype was higher in RE group as compared to SGF and showed 4 fold risk of rejection (OR = 4.54, p < 0.069) although p value was not significant. The frequency of wild type CC genotype and CT was not significant (p value 0.89 and 0.74 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that there is a prevalence of mutated allele of IL-1 gene cluster in our population, which may be responsible for renal dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ashraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
authors.forename: Manzoor Ahmad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190011, India.
authors.forename: Saniya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nissar
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aga Syed
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sameer
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190011, India.
authors.forename: Imtiyaz A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190011, India.
authors.forename: Zafar A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190011, India. roohi_wani@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Roohi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rasool
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D064591:Allografts; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Allograft; End stage renal disease; Interleukins; Kashmir; Renal transplantation