title: Enhanced optoelectronic quality of perovskite films with excess CH3NH3I for high-efficiency solar cells in ambient air.
abstract: Solution-processed polycrystalline perovskite films contribute critically to the high photovoltaic performance of perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs). The inevitable electronic trap states at grain boundaries and intrinsic defects such as metallic lead (Pb0) and halide vacancies in perovskite films cause serious carrier recombination loss. Furthermore, the film can easily decompose into PbI2in a moist atmosphere. Here, we introduce a simple strategy, through a small increase in methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I, MAI), molar proportion (5%), for perovskite fabrication in ambient air with ∼50% relative humidity. Analysis of the morphology and crystallography demonstrates that excess MAI significantly promotes grain growth without decomposition. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy shows that no metallic Pb0exists in the perovskite film and the I/Pb ratio is improved. A time-resolved photoluminescence measurement indicates efficient suppression of non-radiative recombination in the perovskite layer. As a result, the device yields improved power conversion efficiency from 14.06% to 18.26% with reduced hysteresis and higher stability under AM1.5G illumination (100 mW cm-2). This work strongly provides a feasible and low-cost way to develop highly efficient PSCs in ambient air.
authors.affiliation: Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunhai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huiru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Lingbo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xuegong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jiangsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Jiabin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zeguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Deren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang