title: Online single particle measurement of fireworks pollution during Chinese New Year in Nanning.
abstract: Time-resolved single-particle measurements were conducted during Chinese New Year in Nanning, China. Firework displays resulted in a burst of SO2, coarse mode, and accumulation mode (100-500nm) particles. Through single particle mass spectrometry analysis, five different types of particles (fireworks-metal, ash, dust, organic carbon-sulfate (OC-sulfate), biomass burning) with different size distributions were identified as primary emissions from firework displays. The fireworks-related particles accounted for more than 70% of the total analyzed particles during severe firework detonations. The formation of secondary particulate sulfate and nitrate during firework events was investigated on single particle level. An increase of sulfite peak (80SO3-) followed by an increase of sulfate peaks (97HSO4-+96SO4-) in the mass spectra during firework displays indicated the aqueous uptake and oxidation of SO2on particles. High concentration of gaseous SO2, high relative humidity and high particle loading likely promoted SO2oxidation. Secondary nitrate formed through gas-phase oxidation of NO2to nitric acid, followed by the condensation into particles as ammonium nitrate. This study shows that under worm, humid conditions, both primary and secondary aerosols contribute to the particulate air pollution during firework displays.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: jingyanli12@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jingyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States.
authors.forename: Sergey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Nizkorodov
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Fudan-Tyndall Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Fudan-Tyndall Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: yangxin@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanning 530022, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanning 530022, China.
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanning 530022, China.
authors.forename: Huilin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanning 530022, China.
authors.forename: Jingying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanning 530022, China.
authors.forename: Guiyun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006693:Holidays; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Chinese New Year; Fireworks; Particle types; Secondary process