title: Impact of Novel Sorghum Bran Diets on DSS-Induced Colitis.
abstract: We have demonstrated that polyphenol-rich sorghum bran diets alter fecal microbiota; however, little is known regarding their effect on colon inflammation. Our aim was to characterize the effect of sorghum bran diets on intestinal homeostasis during dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (N= 20/diet) were provided diets containing 6% fiber from cellulose, or Black (3-deoxyanthocyanins), Sumac (condensed tannins) or Hi Tannin Black (both) sorghum bran. Colitis was induced (N= 10/diet) with three separate 48-h exposures to 3% DSS, and feces were collected. On Day 82, animals were euthanized and the colon resected. Only discrete mucosal lesions, with no diarrhea or bloody stools, were observed in DSS rats. Only bran diets upregulated proliferation andTff3,Tgfβand short chain fatty acids (SCFA) transporter expression after a DSS challenge. DSS did not significantly affect fecal SCFA concentrations. Bran diets alone upregulated repair mechanisms and SCFA transporter expression, which suggests these polyphenol-rich sorghum brans may suppress some consequences of colitis.
authors.affiliation: Intercollegiate Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. lizabethritchie@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.affiliation: Nutrition & Food Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. taddeostella2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stella S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Taddeo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. BWEEKS@cvm.tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Brad R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Weeks
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. raymond9620@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. linda.dykes@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dykes
authors.affiliation: Soil and Crop Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. lrooney@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Lloyd W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.affiliation: Intercollegiate Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. n-turner@tamu.edu.|Nutrition & Food Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. n-turner@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Nancy D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy*; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D016328:NF-kappa B; D059808:Polyphenols; C099037:TFF3 protein, rat; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3; D016264:Dextran Sulfate
keywords: Sorghum bicolor; colon; dietary fiber; gene expression; inflammatory bowel disease; polyphenols; short chain fatty acids