title: Evaluation of Automated Molecular Testing Rollout for Tuberculosis Diagnosis Using Routinely Collected Surveillance Data - Uganda, 2012-2015.
abstract: In 2012, Uganda introduced the use of GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale CA), a sensitive, automated, real-time polymerase chain reaction-based platform for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis, for programmatic use among children, adults with presumptive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated TB, and symptomatic persons at risk for rifampicin (RIF)-resistant TB. The effect of using the platform's Xpert MTB/RIF assay on TB care and control was assessed using routinely collected programmatic data; in addition, a retrospective review of district quarterly summaries using abstracted TB register data from purposively selected facilities in the capital city of Kampala was conducted. Case notification rates were calculated and nonparametric statistical methods were used for analysis. No statistically significant differences were observed in case notification rates before and after the Xpert MTB/RIF assay became available, although four of 10 districts demonstrated a statistically significant difference in bacteriologically confirmed TB. Once the GeneXpert MTB/RIF platform is established and refined, a more comprehensive evaluation should be conducted.
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walusimbi
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kirenga
authors.forename: Moses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joloba
authors.forename: Muttamba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winters
authors.forename: Nyombi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdunoor
authors.forename: Rommel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinnick
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toney
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Odeke
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mwangi
authors.forename: Estella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Birabwa
authors.forename: Seyoum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dejene
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mugabe
authors.forename: Mukadi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: YaDiul
authors.forename: J Sean
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cavanaugh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D057205:Automation, Laboratory; D002648:Child; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology