title: Vascularization Potential of Electrospun Poly(L-Lactide-co-Caprolactone) Scaffold: The Impact for Tissue Engineering.
abstract: BACKGROUND Electrospun nanofibers have widespread putative applications in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. When compared to naturally occurring collagen matrices, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds have two distinct advantages: they do not induce a foreign body reaction and they are not at risk for biological contamination. However, the exact substrate, structure, and production methods have yet to be defined. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the current study, tubular-shaped poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) constructs produced using electrospinning technology were evaluated for their potential application in the field of tissue regeneration in two separate anatomic locations: the skin and the abdomen. The constructs were designed to have an internal diameter of 3 mm and thickness of 200 μm. Using a rodent model, 20 PLCL tubular constructs were surgically implanted in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneously. The constructs were then evaluated histologically using electron microscopy at 6 weeks post-implantation. RESULTS Histological evaluation and analysis using scanning electron microscopy showed that pure scaffolds by themselves were able to induce angiogenesis after implantation in the rat model. Vascularization was observed in both tested groups; however, better results were obtained after intraperitoneal implantation. Formation of more and larger vessels that migrated inside the scaffold was observed after implantation into the peritoneum. In this group no evidence of inflammation and better integration of scaffold with host tissue were noticed. Subcutaneous implantation resulted in more fibrotic reaction, and differences in cell morphology were also observed between the two tested groups. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a standardized evaluation of a PLCL conduit structure in two different anatomic locations, demonstrating the excellent ability of the structure to achieve vascularization. Functional, histological, and mechanical data clearly indicate prospective clinical utilization of PLCL in critical size defect regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.|Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jundziłł
authors.affiliation: Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pokrywczyńska
authors.affiliation: Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adamowicz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Surgical Oncology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowacki
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bodnar
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.|Department of Oncologic Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marszałek
authors.affiliation: Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frontczak-Baniewicz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mikułowski
authors.affiliation: Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kloskowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospitals - Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gatherwright
authors.affiliation: Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.|Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drewa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013718:Tensile Strength; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; C062968:lactide-caprolactone copolymer