title: TDS exposure project: How and when to consider seasonalityin a total diet study?
abstract: Seasonality is a key issue of total diet studies (TDS), as season may impact consumption patterns and concentrations of food chemicals, then exposure levels. This work aimed at analyzing the impact on dietary exposure of different options of seasonality management, to propose guidelines for TDS sampling. Dietary exposure to nine chemicals was assessed for adults and children from the second French Individual and National Food Consumption Survey: arsenic, copper, manganese, dioxins, furans, dioxin-like and non dioxin-like PCBs, deoxinivalenol and ochratoxin A. Seasonality was considered either in both consumption and concentration data, consumption data only, or concentration data only. Results showed significant differences between exposures during different seasons. For most chemicals, the difference between seasonal exposures may not be mainly driven by seasonality of consumption, but partly by seasonality of concentration. Results on risk assessment remained generally the same. If the main objective of the TDS is the risk assessment, considering season for sampling could be costly but with a low added value in terms of results. For exposure refinement, season has to be considered in the sampling design. More particularly, seasonal samples should be kept separately for chemicals with expected seasonal variation in concentrations, such as some metals or mycotoxins.
authors.affiliation: Risk Assessment Department (DER), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Chabi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabrice Elegbede
authors.affiliation: Risk Assessment Department (DER), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department Exposure, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, D-10589 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Anna Elena
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kolbaum
authors.affiliation: CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre on Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, I-00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turrini
authors.affiliation: CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre on Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, I-00178 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mistura
authors.affiliation: Department Exposure, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, D-10589 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lindtner
authors.affiliation: Risk Assessment Department (DER), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France. Electronic address: sirotv@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sirot
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis; D012621:Seasons; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Exposure assessment; Mycotoxins; Persistent organic pollutants; Seasonality; Total diet study; Trace elements