title: Visual field defects of the contralateral eye of non-arteritic ischemic anterior optic neuropathy: are they related to sleep apnea?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is responsible for the visual field defects found in the fellow eyes of patients with non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study. The visual fields of the fellow eyes of NAION subjects with OSA were compared to the visual fields of control OSA patients matched for OSA severity. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmological and general examination including Humphrey 24.2 SITA-Standard visual field and polysomnography. Visual field defects were classified according the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial (IONDT) classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From a cohort of 78 consecutive subjects with NAION, 34 unaffected fellow eyes were compared to 34 control eyes of subjects matched for OSA severity (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] 35.5 ± 11.6 vs 35.4 ± 9.4 events per hour, respectively, p = 0.63). After adjustment for age and body mass index, all visual field parameters were significantly different between the NAION fellow eyes and those of the control OSA groups, including mean deviation (-4.5 ± 3.7 vs -1.3 ± 1.8 dB, respectively, p < 0.05), visual field index (91.6 ± 10 vs 97.4 ± 3.5%, respectively, p = 0.002), pattern standard deviation (3.7 ± 2.3 vs 2.5 ± 2 dB, respectively, p = 0.015), and number of subjects with at least one defect on the IONDT classification (20 vs 10, respectively, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OSA alone does not explain the visual field defects frequently found in the fellow eyes of NAION patients.
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041, Grenoble, France. faptel@chu-grenoble.fr.|Clinique Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie, CHU de Grenoble, 38043, Grenoble cedex 09, France. faptel@chu-grenoble.fr.|Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, CHU Grenoble, F-38043, Grenoble, France. faptel@chu-grenoble.fr.|INSERM U1042, Lab Hypoxia and Physiopathology, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. faptel@chu-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aptel
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041, Grenoble, France.|Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, CHU Grenoble, F-38043, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Nischal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aryal-Charles
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041, Grenoble, France.|INSERM U1042, Lab Hypoxia and Physiopathology, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamisier
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041, Grenoble, France.|INSERM U1042, Lab Hypoxia and Physiopathology, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pépin
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041, Grenoble, France.|Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, CHU Grenoble, F-38043, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lesoin
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041, Grenoble, France.|Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, CHU Grenoble, F-38043, Grenoble, France.|INSERM U1042, Lab Hypoxia and Physiopathology, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiquet
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D018917:Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012607:Scotoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy; Obstructive sleep apnea; Polysomnography; Visual field