title: Effectiveness of feedback with a smartwatch for high-quality chest compressions during adult cardiac arrest: A randomized controlled simulation study.
abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated the potential for using smartwatches with a built-in accelerometer as feedback devices for high-quality chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study has reported the effects of this feedback on chest compressions in action. A randomized, parallel controlled study of 40 senior medical students was conducted to examine the effect of chest compression feedback via a smartwatch during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of manikins. A feedback application was developed for the smartwatch, in which visual feedback was provided for chest compression depth and rate. Vibrations from smartwatch were used to indicate the chest compression rate. The participants were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups, and they performed chest compressions on manikins for 2 min continuously with or without feedback, respectively. The proportion of accurate chest compression depth (≥5 cm and ≤6 cm) was assessed as the primary outcome, and the chest compression depth, chest compression rate, and the proportion of complete chest decompression (≤1 cm of residual leaning) were recorded as secondary outcomes. The proportion of accurate chest compression depth in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (64.6±7.8% versus 43.1±28.3%; p = 0.02). The mean compression depth and rate and the proportion of complete chest decompressions did not differ significantly between the two groups (all p>0.05). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation-related feedback via a smartwatch could provide assistance with respect to the ideal range of chest compression depth, and this can easily be applied to patients with out-of-hospital arrest by rescuers who wear smartwatches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chiwon
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1813-1098
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Juncheol
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.|Convergence Technology Center for Disaster Preparedness, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaehoon
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-1467
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Convergence Technology Center for Disaster Preparedness, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeongtak
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngjoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.|Convergence Technology Center for Disaster Preparedness, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.|Convergence Technology Center for Disaster Preparedness, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunggoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyungoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D056228:Feedback, Sensory; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D008838:Microcomputers; D056910:Republic of Korea; D000068997:Smartphone; D055815:Young Adult