title: An automatic and accurate registration method for electro-anatomical map and CT surface.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Electro-anatomical maps (EAM) and CT surface registration are widely used for catheter navigation in atrial fibrillation ablations. However, few studies have investigated the registration algorithm. Moreover, some of them are semiautomatic, so that physicians must be proficient; some are inaccurate for catheter navigation. A both automatic and accurate registration method is needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Hausdorff distance based approach (HD) was proposed for EAM/CT registration. First, using principal axes based registration, EAM/CT pairs were coarsely aligned. Then, using Hausdorff distance as the fine objective function, EAM/CT pairs were finely aligned.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six real EAM/CT pairs were collected from five patients and 38 simulated pairs were generated. Each pair was aligned using Carto-Merge, a stochastic approach (SA) and HD. Considering the balance of operability, accuracy and robustness, HD obtained the best EAM/CT registration results among the three approaches.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experiments validate that the proposed method registers EAM and CT surface both automatically and accurately.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-0020
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: The Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Deyong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Changyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003198:Computer Simulation; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D011846:Radio Waves; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D013269:Stochastic Processes; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
keywords: CT; Hausdorff distance; atrial fibrillation; catheter navigation; electro-anatomical map; registration