title: InEntamoeba histolytica, a BspA family protein is required for chemotaxis toward tumour necrosis factor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Entamoeba histolyticacell migration is essential for the development of human amoebiasis (an infectious disease characterized by tissue invasion and destruction). The tissue inflammation associated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) secretion by host cells is a well-documented feature of amoebiasis. Tumour necrosis factor is a chemoattractant forE. histolytica, and the parasite may have a TNF receptor at its cell surface.
  
  
  METHODS
  confocal microscopy, RNA Sequencing, bioinformatics, RNA antisense techniques and histological analysis of human colon explants were used to characterize the interplay between TNF andE. histolytica.
  
  
  RESULTS
  an antibody against human TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) stained theE. histolyticatrophozoite surface and (on immunoblots) binds to a 150-kDa protein. Proteome screening with the TNFR1 sequence revealed a BspA family protein inE. histolyticathat carries a TNFR signature domain and six leucine-rich repeats (named here as "cell surface protein", CSP, in view of its cellular location). Cell surface protein shares structural homologies with Toll-Like receptors, colocalizes with TNF and is internalized in TNF-containing vesicles. Reduction of cellular CSP levels abolished chemotaxis toward TNF and blocked parasite invasion of human colon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  there is a clear link between TNF chemotaxis, CSP and pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, F-75015 Paris, France. ; INSERM U786, F-75015 Paris, France. ; INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. ; Université de Tours, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37000 Tours, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, F-75015 Paris, France. ; INSERM U786, F-75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plaze
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. ; Université de Tours, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37000 Tours, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berthon
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, F-75015 Paris, France. ; INSERM U786, F-75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thibeaux
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, F-75015 Paris, France. ; INSERM U786, F-75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guillen
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, F-75015 Paris, France. ; INSERM U786, F-75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Labruyère
keywords: BspA protein; Entamoeba histolytica; chemotaxi; tumour necrosis factor