title: Bioactive secondary metabolites produced by an endophytic fungus Gaeumannomyces sp. JS0464 from a maritime halophyte Phragmites communis.
abstract: Endophytes, important plant-associated mycobionts, have attracted a great deal of attention because of their bioactive secondary metabolites. Even though halophytes have been reported to overcome salt stress via associations with their endophytes, few studies have investigated the metabolites produced by the endophytes from halophytes. In this study, a dark septate endophytic fungal strain (JS0464), identified as Gaeumannomyces sp. by ITS sequencing, was isolated from the rhizome of a halophyte, Phragmites communis, in Suncheon bay, South Korea. This strain was cultured on a large scale and extracted with ethyl acetate. Chemical investigations of extracts of JS0464 led to the isolation of two glycosylated dialkylresorcinol derivatives (1-2), an anthraquinone derivative (3) and eight known compounds (4-11), which were identified by spectroscopic analyses incorporating one-dimensional/2D NMR and MS. Nine compounds showed significant nitric oxide reduction activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia BV-2 cells, seven of which did not impair cell viability. The results suggest that endophytes from the halophytes could be potential resources for bioactive natural products.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Changyeol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biological Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soonok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunghee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biological Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biological Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Biological Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Biological Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D060026:Endophytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012118:Resorcinols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055051:Salt-Tolerant Plants; D064210:Secondary Metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000880:Anthraquinones; D001688:Biological Products; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012118:Resorcinols; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C007650:ethyl acetate