title: Affective Temperament Profiles of Overactive Bladder Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Overactive bladder (OAB) is generally characterized by urinary urgency with or without incontinence and increased frequency of voiding and nocturia. Although animal studies have demonstrated the relationship between defective serotonergic neurotransmission and OAB, its etiology is still unclarified. Temperament profiles are hypothesized to be related with serotonergic activity and are studied in many psychosomatic disorders. Thus, we assume that OAB is related with a certain type of temperament.
  
  
  METHODS
  29 patients, who were admitted to the urology outpatient clinic at Kocaeli University and clinically diagnosed with OAB syndrome, were recruited for the study. Temperament profiles were evaluated with the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis Pisa Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). Depressive, hyperthymic, cyclothymic, anxious and irritable temperament scores in patients were compared with those in 25 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient and control groups were similar in terms of age (p=.65), sex (p=.64) and educational level (p=.90). Anxious temperament scores were higher (p=.02) and hyperthymic temperament scores were lower (p=.02) in patients with OAB compared to controls. Depressive, cyclothymic and irritable temperament scores were similar in both groups. There was no significant differences between men and women in both groups in terms of different temperament profile scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypothetically, there might be an association between anxious temperament and OAB syndrome reflecting serotonergic dysfunction. However, OAB syndrome must be considered from the aspect of the interdependence of psychosomatic implications in a narrow sense and psychosomatic dimensions due to the psychological predisposition in the individual case.
authors.affiliation: Konak Hospital, Clinic of Urology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saribacak
authors.affiliation: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Çanakkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kürşat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Altinbaş
authors.affiliation: Seka State Hospital, Clinic of Urology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alp
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Özkan
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levend
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Özkan
authors.affiliation: İstanbul Commerce University, Department of Psychology, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Timuçin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oral
keywords: Psychosomatic disorders; over active bladder; temperament