title: Association Among Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1, Frailty, Muscle Mass, Bone Mineral Density, and Physical Performance Among Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Taiwan.
abstract: Aging is featured by the complex interrelationship among body composition, frailty status, and physical performance. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association among serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), body composition, and physical function among community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly population in Taiwan. We conducted a cross-sectional study by using the data of I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study, which recruited a total of 1833 community-dwelling people aged more than 50 years. Data of lean body mass (LBM), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), total fat mass (TFM), bone mineral density (BMD) of L-spine/hip, handgrip strength, walking speed, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), serum levels of growth hormone, IGF-1, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine were retrieved for analysis. The mean age of participants was 63.9 ± 9.2 years, and 47.5% were men. The serum IGF-1 level was 140.7 ± 57.6 ng/mL in men and 131.4 ± 54.5 ng/mL in women. The estimated rates of IGF-1 decline with age were 1.88 ng/mL·year in men and 2.13 ng/mL·year in women. The prevalence of frailty was 6.8% and that of prefrailty was 40.4%. After adjusting for age, albumin, IPAQ, and CCI in multiple linear regression models, LogIGF-1 was positively correlated with LBM, ASM, ASM index, height, BMD, and handgrip strength, and was inversely correlated with weakness in both genders. In men, the LogIGF-1 level was positively correlated with weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and TFM. Higher serum IGF-1 was independently associated with more muscle mass, higher BMD, and better handgrip performance in both genders. The positive association of IGF-1 with BMI, weight, TFM, and waist circumference was found in men only. Further longitudinal study to evaluate the effect of serum IGF-1 on frailty incidence is needed for its causal-effect relationship.
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|2 Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Liang-Yu
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Yi-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .|4 Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Li-Kuo
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|2 Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei Taiwan .|5 Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan Branch , Yilan City, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Wei-Ju
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|2 Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: An-Chun
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|2 Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Li-Ning
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Ming-Hsien
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: 1 Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .|2 Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei Taiwan .|3 Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Liang-Kung
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D015519:Bone Density; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D000073496:Frailty; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: C583557:IGF1 protein, human; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: IGF-1; body composition; bone mineral density; frailty; lean body mass; physical function; sarcopenia