title: Analysis of dentoalveolar structures with novel corticotomy-facilitated mandibular expansion: A 3-dimensional finite element study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgically assisted mandibular arch expansion is an effective treatment modality for alleviating constriction and crowding. However, only mandibular symphyseal osteotomy is recommended for mandibular arch expansion. No relevant studies have compared the biomechanical responses of different corticotomy designs on mandibular expansion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different corticotomy approaches and modes of loading on the expansion of adult mandibles using biomechanics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine finite element models including 2 novel corticotomy designs were simulated. Stress, strain, and displacement of crown, root, and bone were calculated and compared under different corticotomy approaches and loading conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The biomechanical response seen in the finite element models in terms of displacement on the x-axis was consistent from anterior to posterior teeth with parasymphyseal step corticotomy and tooth-borne force application. In addition, the amount of displacement predicted by parasymphyseal step corticotomy in the tooth-borne mode was greater compared with other models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that parasymphyseal step corticotomy with tooth-borne force application is a viable treatment option for true bony expansion in an adult mandible.
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Deepal Haresh
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ajmera
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: 37112882@qq.com.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: soongjl@163.com.
authors.forename: Jinlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Shui Sheng
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yubo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D014070:Tooth / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology