title: Deep vein thrombosis related to environment (Review).
abstract: The first-time venous thromboembolism (VTE) is less frequent than other thrombotic events, however, both the pulmonary embolism (PE) and the deep vein thrombosis (DVT) show a frequent morbidity. Many factors play as risk situations in determining VTE, and the air exposure to the fine and ultrafine particulate matter (PM) as PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1 is considered. Epidemiological studies have supported this association although both the effective burden of the association and the mechanisms are to date unclear. The PM concentrations and the exposure time are notable as emerging factors. Interestingly, the seasonal climate variations resulted as effective risk factor for appearance of VTE or DVT. There is a need to ameliorate the environment by reducing the air pollution at global scale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore Santo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Signorelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaudio
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fiore
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002980:Climate; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter