title: Impaired engagement of the ventral attention system in neurofibromatosis type 1.
abstract: Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) exhibit significant impairments in attention across multiple domains. Very little is known about the contributing neural networks. We used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine dorsal and ventral attention networks during auditory oddball processing in children and adolescents with NF1 and typically developing controls. Significant differences in neural activation patterns were identified within brain regions supporting the ventral attention system. Children with NF1 demonstrated hypoactivation in the temporoparietal junction and the anterior cingulate cortex compared to typically developing children. Hypoactivation in the anterior cingulate cortex was associated with poorer selective attention and attentional control in children with NF1. Results indicate an abnormality in bottom-up attention networks in NF1 that may lead to inefficient and faulty suppression of stimulus-driven information outside the current attentional set that play a significant role in the NF1 behavioral phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner of Hainsworth Street and Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. Natalie.Pride@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Natalie A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Pride
authors.affiliation: Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.|University of Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Mayuresh S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Korgaonkar
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner of Hainsworth Street and Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Kathryn N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: North
authors.affiliation: Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner of Hainsworth Street and Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Payne
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
keywords: Attention; Auditory oddball; Neurofibromatosis 1; fMRI