title: Aflatoxin biosynthesis control produced by Aspergillus flavus in layer hens feed during storage period of six months.
abstract: Aflatoxins (AFTs) are a group of closely related toxins that are produced by different fungus species. Food and feed contamination with AFT is a worldwide health-related problem. As a result of fungal attack, the food and feed resulted in a principal socioeconomic loss and toxins produced in feed and food items harm the humans and animals in different ways. The anti-aflatoxigenic effect Psidium guajava, Ficus benghalensis, Gardenia radicans, Punica granatum and Ziziphus jujuba leaves were evaluated against aflatoxins (AFTs), produced by Aspergillus flavus in layer feed during storage. Among the investigated medicinal plant leaves, P. granatum showed highly promising anti-aflatoxigenic activity and completely inhibited the AFTs (B1 and B2) production over storage period without compromising the nutritive quality of feed (ash, protein, fat, fiber, Fe, Ca, P and K contents). Leaves of F. benghalensis and Z. jujuba were also effective however, higher concentration (15%) inhibited the AFTs production up to 99% and also maintained nutritive quality of feed. G. radicans was found least effective in controlling the AFTs production. Results revealed that all plant leaves were effective in controlling AFTs production in layer feed over the storage period of six months and these plants are potential candidate to replace the fungicides used to protect feed and other agricultural commodities from AFTs production during storage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. Electronic address: bosalvee@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iqbal
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens; D004531:Eggs; D005260:Female; D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D061353:Food Storage / Q000379:methods*; D032062:Gardenia / Q000737:chemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D031647:Psidium / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D031957:Ziziphus / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Alfatoxins prevention; Layer feed; Medicinal plant leaves; Nutritional quality; Storage