title: A Novel Technique for Generating and Observing Chemiluminescence in a Biological Setting.
abstract: Intraoperative imaging techniques have the potential to make surgical interventions safer and more effective; for these reasons, such techniques are quickly moving into the operating room. Here, we present a new approach that utilizes a technique not yet explored for intraoperative imaging: chemiluminescent imaging. This method employs a ruthenium-based chemiluminescent reporter along with a custom-built nebulizing system to produce ex vivo or in vivo images with high signal-to-noise ratios. The ruthenium-based reporter produces light following exposure to an aqueous oxidizing solution and re-reduction within the surrounding tissue. This method has allowed us to detect reporter concentrations as low as 6.9 pmol/cm2. In this work, we present a visual guide to our proof-of-concept in vivo studies involving subdermal and intravenous injections in mice. The results suggest that this technology is a promising candidate for further preclinical research and might ultimately become a useful tool in the operating room.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.
authors.forename: Gabriel E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Büchel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, and PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of City University of New York.
authors.forename: Brandon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carney
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, and PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of City University of New York.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Zeglis
authors.affiliation: KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eppinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College; reinert@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D049449:Luminescence; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D023421:Models, Animal; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*