title: Delta-radiomics features for the prediction of patient outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: Radiomics is the use of quantitative imaging features extracted from medical images to characterize tumor pathology or heterogeneity. Features measured at pretreatment have successfully predicted patient outcomes in numerous cancer sites. This project was designed to determine whether radiomics features measured from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) change during therapy and whether those features (delta-radiomics features) can improve prognostic models. Features were calculated from pretreatment and weekly intra-treatment computed tomography images for 107 patients with stage III NSCLC. Pretreatment images were used to determine feature-specific image preprocessing. Linear mixed-effects models were used to identify features that changed significantly with dose-fraction. Multivariate models were built for overall survival, distant metastases, and local recurrence using only clinical factors, clinical factors and pretreatment radiomics features, and clinical factors, pretreatment radiomics features, and delta-radiomics features. All of the radiomics features changed significantly during radiation therapy. For overall survival and distant metastases, pretreatment compactness improved the c-index. For local recurrence, pretreatment imaging features were not prognostic, while texture-strength measured at the end of treatment significantly stratified high- and low-risk patients. These results suggest radiomics features change due to radiation therapy and their values at the end of treatment may be indicators of tumor response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. xjfave@mdanderson.org.|The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. xjfave@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: Xenia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0150-0843
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fave
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Lifei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Jinzhong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-4501
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mackin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balter
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Followill
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron Kyle
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Di Statistica, Informatica, Applicazioni, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 59, Florence, 50134, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-8552
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stingo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Zhongxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Radhe
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.|The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Court
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D057188:Workflow