title: Hallucinations and mental imagery demonstrate top-down effects on visual perception.
abstract: In this commentary, we present two examples where perception is not only influenced by, but also in fact driven by, top-down effects: hallucinations and mental imagery. Crucially, both examples avoid all six of the potential confounds that Firestone & Scholl (F&S) raised as arguments against previous studies claiming to demonstrate the influence of top-down effects on perception.
authors.affiliation: University of Melbourne,School of Psychological Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.pdhowe@unimelb.edu.auocarter@unimelb.edu.auhttp://psych.unimelb.edu.au/people/piers-howehttp://psych.unimelb.edu.au/people/olivia-carter.
authors.forename: Piers D L
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.affiliation: University of Melbourne,School of Psychological Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.pdhowe@unimelb.edu.auocarter@unimelb.edu.auhttp://psych.unimelb.edu.au/people/piers-howehttp://psych.unimelb.edu.au/people/olivia-carter.
authors.forename: Olivia L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D006212:Hallucinations; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D014796:Visual Perception