title: Serum S100B: A proxy marker for grey and white matter status in the absence and presence of (increased risk of) psychotic disorder?
abstract: S100B is a protein with dose-dependent neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects. Whether S100B in psychotic disorder mirrors pathophysiological mechanisms (which elicit exacerbation of disease) or compensatory action is unclear, as is its validity as a proxy marker for brain status. Insight may be gained by examining associations between serum S100B and indices of grey (cortical thickness (CT)) and white matter (fractional anisotropy (FA)), in relation to the absence or presence of (increased risk of) psychotic disorder. Blood samples and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired in 32 patients with psychotic disorder, 44 non-psychotic siblings of patients with psychotic disorder and 26 controls. Interactions between S100B and group were examined in separate models of CT and FA measures with multilevel regression analyses weighted for number of vertices and voxels (i.e. units of volume) respectively. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), scan sequence, handedness and highest level of education. Neither CT nor FA was associated with S100B. There were no significant S100B × group interactions (CT: χ2 = 0.044, p = 0.978; FA: χ2 = 3.672, p = 0.159). No evidence was present for S100B as a proxy marker of grey or white matter status. The association between S100B and brain measures was not moderated by psychosis risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Leeuw
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.|Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gronenschild
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Stijn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michielse
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurology and Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verbeek
authors.affiliation: Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Menheere
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.|Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Os
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.|Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Machteld
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcelis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016880:Anisotropy; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit / Q000097:blood*; D066127:White Matter / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; C579160:S100B protein, human