title: PBDEs and Dechloranes in Raccoons in the Midwestern United States.
abstract: Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are one of the most widespread and abundant mammals in North America. To evaluate the suitability of using raccoons as bioindicator species, we analyzed liver tissues (n = 32) collected from 2013 to 2015 for the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and Dechloranes. ∑PBDE concentrations ranged from 19.1 to 2125 ng/g lw (median = 98.0 ng/g lw) and did not differ between gender or age of raccoon. Dechloranes were detected in 38% of raccoons and ranged from 0.15 to 50.4 ng/g lw (median = 2.32 ng/g lw). The comparatively high PBDE concentrations, and presence of Dechloranes in the raccoons in our study suggest that biota in terrestrial habitats are still widely exposed to and susceptible to the bioaccumulation of current and emerging flame retardants.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory and Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA. esmarie.boyles@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Esmarie
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-3933
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boyles
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory and Department of Forestry, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
authors.forename: Clayton K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000378:metabolism*; D015146:Midwestern United States; D011821:Raccoons / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
keywords: Bioaccumulate; Bioindicator; Flame retardant; Raccoon; Terrestrial