title: [A differential approach to the improvement of prevention and correction of neuroleptic side extrapyramidal disorders with pantogam activ in patients with schizophrenia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of pantogam active (PA) in prevention and correction of neurological side-effects during the course neuroleptic treatment of acute endogenous psychoses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty schizophrenic patients (mean age 33 years) with acute psychosis were examined. All patients received 28-day course treatment with typical and atypical neuroleptics. Two equal groups were studied: patients of the first group were treated with trihexyphenidyl (THP) in dose of 0,002-0,012 mg and patients of the second group received in addition PA in dose 0,9 mg/day. Clinical-observation, psychometric scales (PANSS, CGI-S, UKU) were administered at baseline and in 1st,3rd,7th, 14th, 21st, 28st day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PA in the combination with THP improved tolerability to neuroleptic therapy in whole and exerted the better correction effect on neuroleptic extrapyramidal disorders (EPD) compared to THP monotherapy. The number of patients with ERD was reduced by 1.5 times and prevention of EPD was observed 3 times more frequent in the group treated with PA. In the THP group, other adverse effects (AE) were 1,7 times more frequent and the total AE score was 2,5 times greater compared to the PA group (131 vs 50). Correction and preventive effects of the combined treatment on the clinically severe symptoms of EPD (akathisia, muscle dystonia) were more frequent in patients treated with typical neuroleptics. A less amount of THP (by 1,2 times) was used to stop EPD in the PA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PA in the combination with THP has demonstrated the clear neuroprotective effect on the development, frequency and clinical presentations of neurological side-effects. The РА can be recommended as a drug of choice for correction and prevention of neuroleptic side-effects, it promotes their tolerability and improves quality of life during the course treatment.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Tiganov
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Panteleeva
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Abramova
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Bologov
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kananovich
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Omel'chenko
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: I Yu
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Nikiforova
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010205:Pantothenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011788:Quality of Life; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018697:Nootropic Agents; C016030:pantogab; D010205:Pantothenic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl