title: Scrotal granulomatous aspergillosis in a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This report describes a case of primary subcutaneous aspergillosis in a 7-year-old neutered male dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius).
  
  
  METHODS
  The animal developed a large nodular lesion in the right scrotum two years after surgical intervention for neutering. The mass had a firm consistency and was painful at palpation. Histopathology revealed dermal granulomatous inflammation with a necrotic centre, surrounded by plasma cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and sparse fungal hyphae characterised by parallel cell walls, distinct septa, and dichotomous branching. Fungal culture was not performed, but a panel of mono- and polyclonal antibodies specific for different fungal genera identified the hyphae as Aspergillus sp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occurrence of subcutaneous lesions is a rare manifestation of aspergillosis in animals, and this appears to be the first case reported in the dromedary camel.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco (To), Italy. frineeleonora.scaglione@unito.it.
authors.forename: Frine Eleonora
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Scaglione
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco (To), Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peano
authors.affiliation: Zoom Torino, Strada Piscina 36, 10040, Cumiana, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piga
authors.affiliation: Zoom Torino, Strada Piscina 36, 10040, Cumiana, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meda
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco (To), Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bollo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco (To), Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca Tiziana
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Cannizzo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco (To), Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasquetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 3, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henrik Elvang
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002162:Camelus; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012611:Scrotum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Aspergillus; Camelids; Dromedary; Immunohistochemistry; Scrotum