title: The Role of Titanium Surface Nanostructuring on Preosteoblast Morphology, Adhesion, and Migration.
abstract: Surface structuring of titanium-based implants is known to modulate the behavior of adherent cells, but the influence of different nanotopographies is poorly understood. The aim is to investigate preosteoblast proliferation, adhesion, morphology, and migration on surfaces with similar surface chemistry but distinct nanotopographical features. Sonochemical treatment and anodic oxidation are employed to fabricate disordered, mesoporous titania (TMS) and ordered titania nanotubular (TNT) topographies on titanium, respectively. Morphological evaluation reveals that cells are polygonal and well-spread on TMS, but display an elongated, fibroblast-like morphology on TNT surfaces, while they are much flatter on glass. Both nanostructured surfaces impair cell adhesion, but TMS is more favorable for cell growth due to its support of cell attachment and spreading in contrast to TNT. A quantitative wound healing assay in combination with live-cell imaging reveals that cell migration on TMS surfaces has a more collective character than on other surfaces, probably due to a closer proximity between neighboring migrating cells on TMS. The results indicate distinctly different cell adhesion and migration on ordered and disordered titania nanotopographies, providing important information that can be used in optimizing titanium-based scaffold design to foster bone tissue growth and repair while allowing for the encapsulation of drugs into porous titania layer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors.forename: Yulia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhukova
authors.affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hiepen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Knaus
authors.affiliation: Zuse Institute Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.|Institute for Mathematics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osterland
authors.affiliation: Zuse Institute Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prohaska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors.forename: John W C
authors.initials: JWC
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fratzl
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.|Laboratory of Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies, ITMO University, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Ekaterina V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Skorb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D048429:Cell Size; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010316:Particle Size; D022502:Stress Fibers / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium
keywords: cell adhesion; interface; migration; nanotopography; titanium