title: Self-Esteem, Social Phobia and Depression Status in Patients with Epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increased risk for psychiatric disorders in epilepsy can be related to a number of clinical, psychosocial and biological factors. Due to the unpredictability of seizures and the possibility that they may occur at any time and in any place, patients with epilepsy may develop social phobia and may have feelings of worthlessness and stigma. These factors decrease their psychosocial function, self-efficacy, and quality of life and even increase the suicide rate. Considering the above-mentioned scientific data, the present study was designed to investigate phobia, self-esteem and depression status in patients with epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-two patients (aged 21-52 years) and age- and gender-matched control group of 61 subjects (aged 25-60 years) were included in this study. All patients in both groups were administered the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ages of the patient group and the healthy controls were 29.66±11.3 and 32.16±7.99, respectively. There was no statistical significance between the two groups in terms of age and sex (p>0.05). BDI, LSAS and CSEI scores in the patient group were statistically significantly different than in the control group (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed that social phobia, lower self-esteem and depression are important comorbid conditions in epileptic patients. Psychiatric disorders are usually underrecognized and undertreated in patients with epilepsy. Therefore, it is very important to identify and treat the psychiatric comorbid conditions in epilepsy because of their significant burden on patients' quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayşe
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kutlu
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gökçen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gökçe
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ülkü
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Büyükburgaz
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Macit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Selekler
authors.affiliation: Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sezer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: KOMŞUOğLU
keywords: Self-esteem; epilepsy; social phobia