title: Consumption of guava may have beneficial effects in type 2 diabetes: A bioactive perspective.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects and relative mechanisms of guava polysaccharides (GPs) in rats with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). The chemical characterization and monosaccharide compositions of GPs, named as GP-1, GP-2, GP-3, and GP-4, were determined by PMP-HPLC and FT-IR. The results revealed that all GPs had the typical saccharide absorptions, and all were heteropolysaccharides. In addition, GPs efficiently decreased levels of fasting blood glucose, glucosylated serum protein, serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglyceride and serum alanine transaminase, improved oral glucose tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity in rats with T2DM. Histopathological observations suggested that GP-1, GP-3, and GP-4 could alleviate injury in pancreatic islet cells, and Western blot analysis showed that these GPs upregulated gene expression of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 2, Akt, and glucose transporter type 4. Taken together, these data suggest that GPs may be beneficial in treating T2DM and reducing the risk of hyperlipidemia, vascular disease, and cirrhosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, PR China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Yukun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
authors.forename: Mengliu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, PR China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, PR China. Electronic address: 2395903468@qq.com.
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China. Electronic address: ycybridge@163.com.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D031647:Psidium / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: Guava; Polysaccharides; Type 2 diabetes