title: Key proteins involved in insulin vesicle exocytosis and secretion.
abstract: In vivoinsulin secretion is predominantly affected by blood glucose concentration, blood concentration of amino acids, gastrointestinal hormones and free nerve functional status, in addition to other factors. Insulin is one of the most important hormones in the body, and its secretion is precisely controlled by nutrients, neurotransmitters and hormones. The insulin exocytosis process is similar to the neurotransmitter release mechanism. There are various types of proteins and lipids that participate in the insulin secretory vesicle fusion process, such as soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein, Ras-related proteins and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase). Notably, the SNARE protein is the molecular basis of exocytotic activity. In the current review, the role of the vesicle membrane proteins (synaptobrevins, vesicle associated membrane proteins and target membrane proteins) and auxiliary proteins (Rab proteins and Munc-18 proteins) in vesicle fusion activity were summarized. A summary of these key proteins involved in insulin granule secretion will facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 242001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qian-Yin
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 242001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 242001, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 242001, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liefeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 242001, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lizhuo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 242001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jia-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gao
keywords: exocytosis; insulin secretion; regulation; secretory vesicle