title: Hormonal control of the floral transition: Can one catch them all?
abstract: The transition to flowering marks a key adaptive developmental switch in plants which impacts on their survival and fitness. Different signaling pathways control the floral transition, conveying both endogenous and environmental cues. These cues are often relayed and/or modulated by different hormones, which might confer additional developmental flexibility to the floral process in the face of varying conditions. Among the different hormonal pathways, the phytohormone gibberellic acid (GA) plays a dominant role. GA is connected with the other floral pathways through the GA-regulated DELLA proteins, acting as versatile interacting modules for different signaling proteins. In this review, I will highlight the role of DELLAs as spatial and temporal modulators of different consolidated floral pathways. Next, building on recent data, I will provide an update on some emerging themes connecting other hormone signaling cascades to flowering time control. I will finally provide examples for some established as well as potential cross-regulatory mechanisms between hormonal pathways mediated by the DELLA proteins.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy. Electronic address: Lucio.Conti@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000528:radiation effects; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D035264:Flowers / Q000254:growth & development*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000502:physiology; D018519:Meristem / Q000502:physiology; D017440:Photoperiod; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000502:physiology*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C109555:GAI protein, Arabidopsis; D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C007842:gibberellic acid
keywords: DELLA proteins; Flowering time; Hormone signaling; Protein-protein interaction; Transcriptional Regulation