title: Preliminary experience with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Herein we present our experience with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) in managing common bile duct stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 129 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and LCBDE done at our institutes from April 2011 through June 2016 were prospectively recorded and retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Since 2011, 3012 laparoscopic cholecystectomy were performed at our institutes, intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) was done in 295 (9.8%) patients which detected choledocholithiasis in 129 (4.3%) of them. LCBDE was successful to clear the common bile duct (CBD) in 123/129 (95.4%). Six patients underwent postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) because of incomplete CBD clearance (4 cases), symptomatic stenosed papilla (2 cases). LCBDE was performed in 103 patients via trans-cystic approach and choledochotomy one in 26 patients. In the choledochotomy group, seven patients had primary closure of the CBD, CBD was closed over T-tube in nine patients whereas the remaining 10 patients the CBD was closed over antegrade inserted stent. The median time of hospital stay was 4 (range; 1-15) days. No patients showed retained CBD stones with mean follow up was 9 ± 3.4 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LCBDE is a safe and cost effective option for CBD stones in short-term outcome and can be performed provided proper laparoscopic expertise and facilities are available.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.|Department of Surgery, Al-Jahra Hospital, Jahra, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Asaad F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Salama
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mansoura University Hospital, Gihan El Sadat St., Mansoura, 35511, Dakahlia, Egypt. surg_latif@hotmail.com.|Department of Surgery, Hafr Elbatin Central Hospital, Hafr Elbatin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. surg_latif@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Abd Ellatif
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hesham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abd Elaziz
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mansoura University Hospital, Gihan El Sadat St., Mansoura, 35511, Dakahlia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magdy
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.|Department of Surgery, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hisham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rizk
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mansoura University Hospital, Gihan El Sadat St., Mansoura, 35511, Dakahlia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Magdy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basheer
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.|Department of Surgery, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Wisam
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jamal
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mansoura University Hospital, Gihan El Sadat St., Mansoura, 35511, Dakahlia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dawoud
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Surgical Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ayman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El Nakeeb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000379:methods*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D042883:Choledocholithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Choledocholithiasis; Cholelithiasis; Laparoscopic