title: Sn- and Pd-Free Synthesis of D-π-A Organic Sensitizers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Cu-Catalyzed Direct Arylation.
abstract: <A variety of D-π-A-type functional organic dyes are facilely synthesized by direct C-H arylation catalyzed by inexpensive copper salts. Under optimized reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility was demonstrated. Based on this synthetic strategy, three new dye sensitizers (CYL-5-7) were designed and fabricated for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Photovoltaic characterization showed that these devices gave open-circuit voltages of 0.65-0.75 V, short-circuit currents of 5.90-12.60 mA cm-2, and fill factors of 65.6-76.9 %, corresponding to power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 2.95-6.20 %. This work represents the first use of Cu-catalyzed C-H arylation for a step-saving, Sn-free synthesis of precursor dyes for DSSC applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 320, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Jiung-Huai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 320, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Po-Han
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 320, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Wei-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 333, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Kun-Mu
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 320, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ching-Yuan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2569-8535
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D012993:Solar Energy; D014001:Tin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010165:Palladium; D014001:Tin; D003300:Copper
keywords: C−H activation; arylation; copper; sensitizers; solar cells