title: Distinct fatty acid composition of some edible by-products from bovines fed high or low silage diets.
abstract: In the present study, it was hypothesized that the incorporation of fatty acids is distinct among ruminant tissues and that it could be modulated by diet composition. To test this hypothesis, fatty acid composition, including conjugated linoleic acid isomers, of the most relevant beef by-products (brain, heart, kidney, liver, pancreas and tongue) from young bulls those fed distinct silage levels was assessed. Data indicated a large variation in fatty acid profile and conjugated linoleic acid composition among edible by-products. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0 (kidney), C18:0 (heart and liver) and C18:1 c9 (brain, pancreas and tongue) followed by C20:4 n-6, except in brain (C22:6 n-3 predominates). Brain, as shown by principal component analysis, presents a distinct fatty acid composition compared to the other beef by-products analysed. In addition, high silage diet relative to low silage diet promoted an increase of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, t11, t13 and t11, c13 conjugated linoleic acid in heart, kidney, liver and pancreas. Overall, the data suggested that beef by-products had, in general, high contents of cholesterol, saturated fatty acid and trans fatty acid, as well as high levels of conjugated linoleic acid. Therefore, from a nutritional point of view they are recommended only in small amounts as part of a balanced diet.
authors.affiliation: 1 CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Cristina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Alfaia
authors.affiliation: 1 CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: 1 CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.|2 UNIVATES, Centro Universitário Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brasil.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pestana
authors.affiliation: 1 CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marta S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.affiliation: 3 UIPA, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Vale de Santarém, Portugal.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: 3 UIPA, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Vale de Santarém, Portugal.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santos-Silva
authors.affiliation: 1 CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rui Jb
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bessa
authors.affiliation: 4 Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Fidel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Toldrá
authors.affiliation: 1 CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: José Am
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Prates
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D012820:Silage; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Edible by-products; bulls; conjugated linoleic acid isomers; diet; fatty acids; silage