title: Hydrophilic interaction chromatography and evaporative light scattering detection for the determination of polar analytes in Belgian endive.
abstract: Belgian endive (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi), a popular produce in northern Europe, has been thoroughly studied in regard to its bitter sesquiterpene lactones content. Much less is known about on its sweetness and crunchiness, which are typically linked to the content of polar compounds such as sugars, organic acids and salts. Through HILIC-HPLC-MS, it was shown that simple sugars, amino acids, and potassium chloride are abundant in Belgian endive extracts. Subsequently, a HILIC-HPLC-ELSD method for the analysis of such compounds with run times below six minutes was developed. Recoveries varied between 80 and 110% and an average reproducibility was 7.5RSD%. Finally, the method was applied to the study of three difference Belgian endive varieties. Takine, a variety known for its sweet taste, was found to contain significantly higher levels of fructose, and lower levels of potassium and glutamine.
authors.affiliation: BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven, W. de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: carlo.annaratone@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Annaratone
authors.affiliation: Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, De Croylaan 42, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Electronic address: ans.deroeck@kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Ans
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Roeck
authors.affiliation: BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven, W. de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: maarten.hertog@kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Maarten L A T M
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hertog
authors.affiliation: BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven, W. de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, De Croylaan 42, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Electronic address: bart.nicolai@kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Bart M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nicolaï
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008027:Light; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
keywords: Cichorium intybus; Evaporative light scattering detector; Fructose (PubChem CID: 5984); Glucose (PubChem CID: 5793); Glutamine (PubChem CID: 5961); High performance liquid chromatography; Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography; Potassium chloride (PubChem CID: 4873); Sucrose (PubChem CID: 5988)