title: Decontamination of rat and human skin experimentally contaminated with99mTc,201Tl and131I radionuclides using "Dermadecon" - a skin decontamination kit: an efficacy study.
abstract: Radioactive skin contamination is one of the most likely risks which occurs after accidental or occupational radiological accidents apart from internal contamination. In such cases where the radioactive contamination has occurred, the person who is contaminated should be decontaminated as early as possible to reduce the damaging health effects of radiation. In the present study, the decontamination efficiency of a developed skin decontamination kit "dermadecon" has been evaluated in animal models and human subjects using gamma scintigraphy. Decontamination efficiency (percentage of the radioactive contaminant removed) was calculated for each radioactive isotope of the study and compared with control where general washing procedure was followed using liquid and soap. The effectiveness of the kit was calculated in animal model with respect to99mTc-sodium-pertechnetate (99mTcO4-),201TlCl and131I and was found 92.84 ± 4.9%, 91.18 ± 3.23% and 94.67 ± 2.92%, respectively. Whereas, in case of human skin, the decontamination efficiency for99mTcO4-was observed to be 95.00 ± 3.21%. On the basis of findings from the study, it can be concluded that the decontamination agents of the used skin decontamination kit are effective for removal of localized radioactive contaminants from skin, as compared with normal decontamination using soap and water.
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Dhruv Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Nishad
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Supriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Kushagra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Braj Gaurav
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Harish Singh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.affiliation: a Ministry of Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organization , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Aseem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019163:Reducing Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D013667:Technetium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013885:Thiosulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D002614:Chelating Agents; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; C000614965:Iodine-131; D016877:Oxidants; D019163:Reducing Agents; C000615519:Technetium-99; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D013885:Thiosulfates; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D013667:Technetium; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D004492:Edetic Acid; C000615114:Thallium-201; C017717:sodium thiosulfate; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000077286:Cetrimonium
keywords: 131I; 201TlCl; 99mTcO4−; decontamination efficiency; dermadecon; scintigraphy