title: Sleep During Pregnancy: The nuMoM2b Pregnancy and Sleep Duration and Continuity Study.
abstract: To characterize sleep duration, timing and continuity measures in pregnancy and their association with key demographic variables.
  
  
  
  Multisite prospective cohort study. Women enrolled in the nuMoM2b study (nulliparous women with a singleton gestation) were recruited at the second study visit (16-21 weeks of gestation) to participate in the Sleep Duration and Continuity substudy. Women <18 years of age or with pregestational diabetes or chronic hypertension were excluded from participation. Women wore a wrist activity monitor and completed a sleep log for 7 consecutive days. Time in bed, sleep duration, fragmentation index, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep midpoint were averaged across valid primary sleep periods for each participant.
  
  
  
  Valid data were available from 782 women with mean age of 27.3 (5.5) years. Median sleep duration was 7.4 hours. Approximately 27.9% of women had a sleep duration of <7 hours; 2.6% had a sleep duration of >9 hours. In multivariable models including age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, insurance status, and recent smoking history, sleep duration was significantly associated with race/ethnicity and insurance status, while time in bed was only associated with insurance status. Sleep continuity measures and sleep midpoint were significantly associated with all covariates in the model, with the exception of age for fragmentation index and smoking for wake after sleep onset.
  
  
  
  Our results demonstrate the relationship between sleep and important demographic characteristics during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Magee-Womens Research Institute & Foundation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Francesca L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Facco
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Grobman
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.
authors.forename: Corette B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herbas
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Basner
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Saade
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Grace W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Pien
authors.affiliation: Indiana University Health Sleep Disorders Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manchanda
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Judette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Louis
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Chia-Lang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Nhan-Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA.
authors.forename: Judith H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA.
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wing
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Magee-Womens Research Institute & Foundation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Hyagriv N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Simhan
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iams
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Phyllis C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Zee
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019458:Insurance Coverage; D007348:Insurance, Health; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044469:Racial Groups; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012907:Smoking; D013997:Time Factors; D014851:Wakefulness; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: epidemiology.; pregnancy; sleep duration; sleep quality