title: Anaerobic bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of Brazilian children.
abstract: Changes in the neonatal gut environment allow for the colonization of the mucin layer and lumen by anaerobic bacteria. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus colonization through the first year of life in a group of 12 Brazilian infants and to correlate these data with the levels of Escherichia coli. The presence of anaerobic members of the adult intestinal microbiota, including Eubacterium limosum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, was also evaluated.
  Fecal samples were collected during the first year of life, and 16S rRNA from anaerobic and facultative bacteria was detected by real-time PCR.
  Bifidobacterium was present at the highest levels at all of the studied time points, followed by E. coli and Lactobacillus. E. limosum was rarely detected, and F. prausnitzii was detected only in the samples from the latest time points.
  These results are consistent with reports throughout the world on the community structure of the intestinal microbiota in infants fed a milk diet. Our findings also provide evidence for the influence of the environment on intestinal colonization due to the high abundance of E. coli. The presence of important anaerobic genera was observed in Brazilian infants living at a low socioeconomic level, a result that has already been well established for infants living in developed countries.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Talarico
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Florenza E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Instituto Médico Professor Fernando Figueira, Recife/PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katia Galeão
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.|Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Taddei
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001938:Brazil; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial