title: Tumor microenvironment: driving forces and potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer metastasis.
abstract: Distant metastasis to specific target organs is responsible for over 90% of breast cancer-related deaths, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Mounting evidence suggests that the interplay between breast cancer cells and the target organ microenvironment is the key determinant of organ-specific metastasis of this lethal disease. Here, we highlight new findings and concepts concerning the emerging role of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer metastasis; we also discuss potential therapeutic intervention strategies aimed at targeting components of the tumor microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.|Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. zhimingshao@yahoo.com.|Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. zhimingshao@yahoo.com.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. zhimingshao@yahoo.com.|Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. zhimingshao@yahoo.com.|Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. zhimingshao@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. daqiangli1974@fudan.edu.cn.|Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. daqiangli1974@fudan.edu.cn.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. daqiangli1974@fudan.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China. daqiangli1974@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Da-Qiang
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Breast cancer; Invasion and metastasis; Tumor microenvironment