title: Efficacy of early endoscopy and colonoscopy in very elderly patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of early (within the first 24 hour from application) endoscopy and colonoscopy in very elderly patients with GIS bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 95 patients were included who underwent early endoscopy with the pre-diagnosis of upper GIS bleeding or endoscopy-colonoscopy with the pre-diagnosis of lower GIS bleeding between 2012 and 2016. Endoscopy and colonoscopy procedures were compared in terms of the development of complications, tolerance of procedure, detection of bleeding site, and rate of therapeutic interventions performed for bleeding. In addition, the adequacy of colonoscopy preparation was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between endoscopy and colonoscopy on procedural complication (2.1% vs 2.8%) and tolerance rates (81% vs 74.2), (p>0.05). The bleeding site was detected during endoscopy in 34(56.6%) patients, and an endoscopic intervention was required for 15(25%) of these patients. The bleeding site was detected during colonoscopy in 12(34.3%) patients, and an endoscopic intervention was performed for two (5.7%) patients (p<0.05). In addition, the colonoscopy procedure was suboptimal in 26 of 35 patients (74.2%) because of poor preparations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early endoscopy and colonoscopy are safe and well tolerated in very elderly patients with GIS bleeding. Upper GIS endoscopy in this patient population enables the detection of the bleeding site and an endoscopic intervention for the bleeding. However, colonoscopy is insufficient for detecting bleeding sites, and colonoscopic treatment of bleeding sites is difficult because of poor or no preparation in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Mustafa Celik, Department of Gastroenterology, Pamukkale University Training and Research Hospital, Denizli; Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Celik
keywords: Colonoscopy; Endoscopy; GIS bleeding; very elderly patients