title: Weight change patterns and healthcare costs in patients with newly-diagnosed type-2 diabetes in Sweden.
abstract: To describe weight-change pathways in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated healthcare costs using repeated BMI measurements and healthcare utilization data.
  
  
  
  Patients with newly-diagnosed T2D with body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) at diagnosis and subsequent measures at year 1-3 were identified. Based on three-year BMI change, patients were assigned to one of 27 BMI change pathways defined by annual BMI change: BMI↗ (≥1 BMI unit increase), BMI→ (<1 BMI unit change), and BMI↘ (≥1 BMI unit decrease). Mean annual and three-year cumulative healthcare costs were estimated for each pathway by combining Swedish unit costs with resource use from primary care and national patient registers.
  
  
  
  Cohort consisted of 15,819 patients; 44% women, mean age of 61 years, HbA1c of 6.7% (50mmol/mol), BMI of 30.6kg/m2. Most common BMI pathways (mean costs): BMI→→→ (€5,311), BMI↘→→ (€5,461), and BMI→→↘ (€6,281). General trends: BMI→→→ linked to lowest, BMI↗→↗ linked to highest costs.
  
  
  
  In patients with newly-diagnosed T2D, weight stability was the most common BMI change pattern over 3 years and associated with lowest healthcare costs. Relationship between weight change and healthcare costs appears complex warranting further investigation.
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Nordic-Baltic, Södertälje, Sweden. Electronic address: ugne.sabale@astrazeneca.com.
authors.forename: Ugne
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sabale
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Nordic-Baltic, Södertälje, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bodegard
authors.affiliation: Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bodil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Svennblad
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Carl Johan
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Östgren
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Nordic-Baltic, Södertälje, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Care Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henriksson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000639:trends; D006295:Health Resources / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000191:economics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: BMI change pathways; Economic burden; Healthcare costs; Type 2 diabetes; Weight change