title: Tuned in: plant roots use sound to locate water.
abstract: Because water is essential to life, organisms have evolved a wide range of strategies to cope with water limitations, including actively searching for their preferred moisture levels to avoid dehydration. Plants use moisture gradients to direct their roots through the soil once a water source is detected, but how they first detect the source is unknown. We used the model plant Pisum sativum to investigate the mechanism by which roots sense and locate water. We found that roots were able to locate a water source by sensing the vibrations generated by water moving inside pipes, even in the absence of substrate moisture. When both moisture and acoustic cues were available, roots preferentially used moisture in the soil over acoustic vibrations, suggesting that acoustic gradients enable roots to broadly detect a water source at a distance, while moisture gradients help them to reach their target more accurately. Our results also showed that the presence of noise affected the abilities of roots to perceive and respond correctly to the surrounding soundscape. These findings highlight the urgent need to better understand the ecological role of sound and the consequences of acoustic pollution for plant as well as animal populations.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia. monica.gagliano@uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2414-6990
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagliano
authors.affiliation: Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Mavra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grimonprez
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.|Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Martial
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Depczynski
authors.affiliation: School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Renton
mesh_terms: D003681:Dehydration; D018517:Plant Roots; D012987:Soil; D013016:Sound; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014867:Water
keywords: Bioacoustics; Directional root growth; Foraging behavior; Hydrotropism; Moisture sensing