title: Hydroxyapatite bone cement for suboccipital retrosigmoid cranioplasty: A single institution case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report rates of cerebrospinal fluid leak, wound infection, and other complications after repair of retrosigmoid craniotomy with hydroxyapatite bone cement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case review at tertiary referral center of patients who underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy from 2013 to 2016 with hydroxyapatite cement cranioplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence of absence of cerebrospinal fluid leak, wound infection, and other complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty cases of retrosigmoid craniotomy repaired with hydroxyapatite cement were identified. Median length of follow up was 9.8months. No cases of cerebrospinal fluid leak were identified. One patient developed a wound infection which was thought to be related to a chronic inflammatory response to the implanted dural substitute. No other major complications were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A method and case series of suboccipital retrosigmoid cranioplasty using hydroxyapatite cement and a are reported. Hydroxyapatite cement cranioplasty is a safe and effective technique for repair of retrosigmoid craniotomy defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: alexander.luryi@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Alexander L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Luryi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Ketan R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Bulsara
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Elias M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Michaelides
mesh_terms: D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003399:Craniotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C475044:hydroxyapatite cement
keywords: Bone cement; Cranioplasty; Hydroxyapatite; Retrosigmoid; Suboccipital craniotomy