title: Metformin improves in vivo and in vitro B cell function in individuals with obesity and Type-2 Diabetes.
abstract: Metformin (MET), the first-line medication for Type-2 Diabetes (T2D), has been shown to reduce chronic inflammation indirectly through reduction of hyperglycemia, or directly acting as anti-inflammatory drug. The effects of MET on B lymphocytes is uncharacterized. In the present study, we measured in vivo and in vitro influenza vaccine responses in 2 groups of T2D patients: recently diagnosed but not taking anti-diabetic drugs, and patients taking MET. Results show that B cell function and vaccine responses, hampered by obesity and T2D, are recovered by MET. Moreover, MET used in vitro to stimulate B cells from recently diagnosed T2D patients is also able to reduce B cell-intrinsic inflammation and increase antibody responses, similar to what we have seen in B cells from patients taking MET, who show increased responses to the influenza vaccine in vivo. These results are the first to show an effect of MET on B cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lechner
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Bonnie B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Blomberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA. Electronic address: dfrasca@med.miami.edu.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frasca
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D008687:Metformin
keywords: B cells; Inflammation; Metformin