title: High Prevalence of Abacavir-associated L74V/I Mutations in Kenyan Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy.
abstract: A survey of 461 HIV-infected Kenyan children receiving antiretroviral therapy found 143 (31%) failing virologically. Drug resistance mutations were found in 121; 37 had L74V/I mutations, with 95% receiving abacavir (ABC)-containing regimens. L74V/I was associated with current ABC usage (P = 0.0001). L74V/I may be more prevalent than previously realized in children failing ABC-containing regimens, even when time on treatment has been short. Ongoing rigorous pediatric drug resistance surveillance is needed.
authors.affiliation: From the *US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Atlanta, Georgia; †US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya; ‡National AIDS & STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; and §Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Dziuban
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DeVos
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ngeno
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ngugi
authors.forename: Guoqing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sabatier
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wagar
authors.forename: Karidia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nganga
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katana
authors.forename: Chunfu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Emilia D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Rivadeneira
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mukui
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Odhiambo
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Redfield
authors.forename: Elliot
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raizes
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D017211:Treatment Failure; D000099227:Abacavir
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D000099227:Abacavir