title: Ultraviolet (UV-C) inactivation of Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella choleraesuis and Salmonella typhimurium in porcine plasma.
abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an ultraviolet (UV-C, 254 nm) irradiation system on reducing the load of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), Salmonella choleraesuis (S. choleraesuis) resistant to streptomycin and Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) inoculated in sterile porcine plasma and then subjected to different UV-C irradiation doses (750, 1500, 3000, 6000 and 9000 J/L) using a pilot plant UV-C device working under turbulent flow. Results indicated that UV-C treatment induced a viability reduction of 0.38, 1.18, 3.59, 4.72 and 5.06 log10 S. typhimurium when irradiated at 750, 1500, 3000, 6000 and 9000 J/L, respectively. The observed log10 reduction of S. choleraesuis was 1.44, 2.68, 5.55, 7.07 and 7.97 at 750, 1500, 3000, 6000 and 9000 J/L, respectively. The best-fit inactivation for S. choleraesuis was the Weibull distribution curve, while the best-fit curve for S. typhimurium was the Weibull plus tail model, indicating that around 102 cfu/mL resistant S. typhimurium was detected when the liquid plasma was UV-C irradiated at doses up to 9000 J/L. Viability reduction for E. faecium was 0.44, 1.01, 3.70, 5.61 and 6.22 log10 when irradiated at 750, 1500, 3000, 6000 and 9000 J/L, respectively, with no bacterial resistance observed with UV-C doses of 6000 J/L or higher. The biphasic model was the best fit model for the inactivation curve for E. faecium. For the three microorganisms tested, about a 4 log-unit reduction was achieved when the liquid plasma was irradiated at 3000J/L. Overall results demonstrate the usefulness of the UV-C system to inactivate bacteria in liquid plasma before spray-drying. We conclude that the UV-C system can provide an additional biosafety feature that can be incorporated into the manufacturing process for spray-dried animal plasma.
authors.affiliation: APC EUROPE, S.A., Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain.|IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blázquez
authors.affiliation: APC EUROPE, S.A., Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: APC EUROPE, S.A., Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ródenas
authors.affiliation: IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez de Rozas
authors.affiliation: Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.|UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Segalés
authors.affiliation: IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pujols
authors.affiliation: APC EUROPE, S.A., Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0990-2230
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013552:Swine; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays