title: Influence of growth conditions on adhesion of yeast Candida spp. and Pichia spp. to stainless steel surfaces.
abstract: An understanding of adhesion behavior of Candida and Pichia yeast under different environmental conditions is key to the development of effective preventive measures against biofilm-associated infection. Hence in this study we investigated the impact of growth medium and temperature on Candida and Pichia adherence using stainless steel (AISI 304) discs with different degrees of surface roughness (Ra = 25.20-961.9 nm), material typical for the food processing industry as well as medical devices. The adhesion of the yeast strains to stainless steel surfaces grown in Malt Extract broth (MEB) or YPD broth at three temperatures (7 °C, 37 °C, 43 °C for Candida strains and 7 °C, 27 °C, 32 °C for Pichia strains) was assessed by crystal violet staining. The results showed that the nutrient content of medium significantly influenced the quantity of adhered cells by the tested yeasts. Adhesion of C. albicans and C. glabrata on stainless steel surfaces were significantly higher in MEB, whereas for C. parapsilosis and C. krusei it was YPD broth. In the case with P. pijperi and P. membranifaciens, YPD broth was more effective in promoting adhesion than MEB. On the other hand, our data indicated that temperature is a very important factor which considerably affects the adhesion of these yeast. There was also significant difference in cell adhesion on all types of stainless steel surfaces for all tested yeast.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address: ruzica.tomicic@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ružica
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tomičić
authors.affiliation: Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: peter.raspor@guest.arnes.si.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raspor
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D010843:Pichia / Q000502:physiology*; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D013193:Stainless Steel
keywords: Adhesion; Candida spp.; Growth; Pichia spp.; Stainless-steel surfaces