title: Graphene oxide enrichment of collagen membranes improves DPSCs differentiation and controls inflammation occurrence.
abstract: Collagen membranes are used in oral surgery for bone defects treatment acting as a barrier that does not allow the invasion of soft tissue into the growing bone. To improve biocompatibility collagen membranes were coated with graphene oxide (GO), a graphene derivative. The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of GO coated collagen membranes on human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) focusing on biomaterial cytotoxicity, ability to promote DPSCs differentiation process and to control inflammation event induction. DPSCs were cultured on uncoated membranes and on both 2 and 10 μg mL-1GO coated membranes up to 28 days. Alamar blue and LDH cytotocicity assay, PGE2 ELISA assay, real time RT-PCR for RUNX2, BMP2, SP7, TNFα and COX2 genes expression were performed. Proliferation is higher on GO coated membranes at days 14 and 28. LDH assay evidences no cytotoxicity. BMP2 and RUNX2 expression is higher on coated membranes, BMP2 at early and RUNX2 and SP7 at late experimental times. PGE2 levels are lower on GO coated membranes at days 14 and 28, both TNFα and COX2 expression is significantly decreased when GO is applied. GO coated membranes are not toxic for DPSCs, induce a faster DPSCs differentiation into odontoblasts/osteoblasts and may represent good alternative to conventional membranes thus ensuring more efficient bone formation and improving the clinical performance. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2312-2320, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.|Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radunovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Colli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Marco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Nisio
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cataldi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
authors.forename: Susi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite; D003094:Collagen
keywords: DPSCs; biocompatibility; collagenous membranes; differentiation; graphene oxide