title: Rural Community Disaster Preparedness and Risk Perception in Trujillo, Peru.
abstract: Introduction Disasters will continue to occur throughout the world and it is the responsibility of the government, health care systems, and communities to adequately prepare for potential catastrophic scenarios. Unfortunately, low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) are especially vulnerable following a disaster. By understanding disaster preparedness and risk perception, interventions can be developed to improve community preparedness and avoid unnecessary mortality and morbidity following a natural disaster. Problem The purpose of this study was to assess disaster preparedness and risk perception in communities surrounding Trujillo, Peru.
  
  
  METHODS
  After designing a novel disaster preparedness and risk perception survey based on guidelines from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC; Geneva, Switzerland), investigators performed a cross-sectional survey of potentially vulnerable communities surrounding Trujillo, Peru. Data were entered and analyzed utilizing the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap; Harvard Catalyst; Boston, Massachusetts USA) database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 230 study participants were surveyed, composed of 37% males, 63% females, with ages ranging from 18-85 years old. Those surveyed who had previously experienced a disaster (41%) had a higher perception of future disaster occurrence and potential disaster impact on their community. Overall, the study participants consistently perceived that earthquakes and infection had the highest potential impact of all disasters. Twenty-six percent of participants had an emergency supply of food, 24% had an emergency water plan, 24% had a first aid kit at home, and only 20% of the study participants had an established family evacuation plan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Natural and man-made disasters will remain a threat to the safety and health of communities in all parts of the world, especially within vulnerable communities in LMICs; however, little research has been done to identify disaster perception, vulnerability, and preparedness in LMIC communities. The current study established that selected communities near Trujillo, Peru recognize a high disaster impact from earthquakes and infection, but are not adequately prepared for potential future disasters. By identifying high-risk demographics, targeted public health interventions are needed to prepare vulnerable communities in the following areas: emergency food supplies, emergency water plan, medical supplies at home, and establishing evacuation plans. Stewart M , Grahmann B , Fillmore A , Benson LS . Rural community disaster preparedness and risk perception in Trujillo, Peru. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(4):387-392.
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Emergency Medicine,University of Utah Hospital,Salt Lake City,UtahUSA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Family and Preventive Medicine: Masters of Public Health,University of Utah,Salt Lake City,UtahUSA.
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grahmann
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Family and Preventive Medicine: Masters of Public Health,University of Utah,Salt Lake City,UtahUSA.
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fillmore
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Family and Preventive Medicine: Masters of Public Health,University of Utah,Salt Lake City,UtahUSA.
authors.forename: L Scott
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Benson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004189:Disaster Planning; D055866:Earthquakes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010568:Peru; D012306:Risk; D012424:Rural Population; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords:  CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;  GDP gross domestic product;  IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies;  INDECI El Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil;  LMICs low-and-middle-income countries;  REDCap Research Electronic Data Capture; Peru; developing countries; disaster medicine; disaster planning