title: Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles for Renal Repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transplantation of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to attenuate renal injury and dysfunction in several animal models, and its efficacy is currently being tested in clinical trials for patients with renal disease. Accumulating evidence indicates that MSCs release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that deliver genes, microRNAs and proteins to recipient cells, acting as mediators of MSC paracrine actions. In this context, it is critical to characterize the MSC-derived EV cargo to elucidate their potential contribution to renal repair. In recent years, researchers have performed high-throughput sequencing and proteomic analysis to detect and identify genes, microRNAs, and proteins enriched in MSC-derived EVs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the MSC-derived EV secretome to shed light into the mechanisms mediating MSC renal repair, and discusses preclinical and clinical studies testing the efficacy of MSC-derived EVs for treating renal disease.
authors.forename: Arash Aghajani
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nargesi
authors.forename: Lilach O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Lerman
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eirin
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D055354:Exosomes / Q000637:transplantation; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology
keywords: Exosomes; extracellular vesicles; kidney; mesenchymal stem cells; microRNA; microvesicles