title: No effect of ascorbate on cutaneous vasodilation and sweating in older men and those with type 2 diabetes exercising in the heat.
abstract: Aging and chronic disease such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with impairments in the body's ability to dissipate heat. To reduce the risk of heat-related injuries in these heat vulnerable individuals, it is necessary to identify interventions that can attenuate this impairment. We evaluated the hypothesis that intradermal administration of ascorbate improves cutaneous vasodilation and sweating in older adults via nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent mechanisms during exercise in the heat and whether these improvements, if any, are greater in individuals with T2D. Older males with (n= 12, 61 ± 9 years) and without (n= 12, 64 ± 7 years) T2D performed two 30-min bouts of cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production of 500 W (~70% peak oxygen uptake) in the heat (35°C); each followed by a 20- and 40-min recovery, respectively. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) and sweat rate were measured at four intradermal microdialysis sites treated with either (1) lactated Ringer (Control), (2) 10 mmol/L ascorbate (an antioxidant), (3) 10 mmol/LL-NAME (non-selective NOS inhibitor), or (4) a combination of ascorbate +L-NAME. In both groups, ascorbate did not modulate CVC or sweating during exercise relative to Control (allP> 0.05). In comparison to Control,L-NAME alone or combined with ascorbate attenuated CVC during exercise (allP≤ 0.05) but had no influence on sweating (allP> 0.05). We show that in both healthy and T2D older adults, intradermal administration of ascorbate does not improve cutaneous vasodilation and sweating during exercise in the heat. However, NOS plays an important role in mediating cutaneous vasodilation.
authors.affiliation: Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.|Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.affiliation: Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Pegah
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.affiliation: Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Louie
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Noll Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Lacy M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boulay
authors.affiliation: Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.|Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.|Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sigal
authors.affiliation: Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada gkenny@uottawa.ca.|Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Glen P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Kenny
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D013546:Sweating / Q000187:drug effects*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
keywords: Aging; heat loss; microcirculation; reactive oxygen species; sweating; thermoregulation