title: MicroRNA-mediated dynamic control of mucosal immunity.
abstract: The gastrointestinal tract is a complex and important physiological and immunological organ embodying the first line of defense by which mucosal immunity regulates the immense number and diversity of naturally encountered antigens and commensal microflora. Effective microRNA (miRNA) control of transcription factors or mediators in mucosal immunity is essential to host defense and homeostasis in both physiologic and pathologic states. MiRNA biology has advanced our understanding of the immune regulatory system network at the level of post-transcriptional gene modification. Increasing knowledge on circulating miRNAs could potentially enhance diagnostic techniques in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, recent findings on the dynamic role of exosomes vis-à-vis the intercellular transportation of miRNAs may provide insights on the use of miRNA as a target for treating IBD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.|Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-city, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Eun Jeong
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-city, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Motomu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimaoka
authors.affiliation: Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.|International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.|Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000235:genetics*; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D057089:Pathology, Molecular; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: IBD; IEC; exosome; intestine; microflora