title: Cyberbullying perpetration and victimisation among junior and senior high school students in Guangzhou, China.
abstract: Cyberbullying research in China is in early stage. This study describes the cyberbullying experiences of junior and senior high school students in Guangzhou, China, and to examine the risk factors associated with cyberbullying perpetrators, victims and perpetrator-victims among students. We also investigated the frequency of cyberbullying and coping strategies of student victims.
  
  
  
  Participants were 2590 students in grades 7, 8, 9 and 10 from six junior and senior high schools in October 2015 in Guangzhou, in south China, who completed a questionnaire. Data on participants' experiences with cyberbullying perpetration and victimisation during the previous 6 months were collected. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse factors associated with being perpetrators, victims and perpetrator-victims.
  
  
  
  In this sample, 28.0% (725) of participants reported being a perpetrator and 44.5% (1150) reported being a victim in the previous 6 months. Specifically, 2.9% (74) reported being perpetrators only, 19.3% (499) reported being victims only and 25.2% (651) reported being perpetrator-victims (both perpetrator and victim). In addition, flaming was the most common form of cyberbullying in both perpetration and victimisation. Logistic regression analyses indicated that online game addiction in participants was associated with increased odds of being a perpetrator only; no democratic parenting style in the mother and physical discipline by parents were associated with increased odds of being a victim only; male students, students with low academic achievement, those spending over 2 hours a day online, experiencing physical discipline from parents and online game addiction were associated with increased odds of both perpetration and victimisation.
  
  
  
  Cyberbullying is a common experience among Chinese junior and senior high school students. These findings add to the empirical data on cyberbullying and reinforce the urgent need for cyberbullying prevention in China. Furthermore, from the perspective of practice, it is important to raise our awareness of cyerbullying and reduce the risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Jiaming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Haiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Minhui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Jiayi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Baoan Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiongfei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Shengyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000077224:Cyberbullying / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012572:School Health Services; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires