title: Association Between Severity of Temporomandibular Disorders and the Frequency of Headache Attacks in Women With Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude of association of the severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in women with episodic and chronic migraine.
  
  
  
  Thirty-one women with episodic migraine (mean age: 33 years), 21 with chronic migraine (mean age: 35 years) and 32 healthy controls (mean age: 31 years) were included. The Fonseca Anamnestic Index was applied to assess severity of TMDs. TMD severity was considered as follows: no TMD (0-19 points), mild TMD (20-49 points), moderate TMD (50-69 points), and severe TMD (70-100 points). To compare the proportion of TMD severity among groups, a χ2test was performed. Prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated to determine the association of TMD severity and both migraine groups using the control group as the reference.
  
  
  
  Women with chronic and episodic migraine were more likely to exhibit TMD signs and symptoms of any severity than healthy controls (χ2= 30.26; P < .001). TMD prevalence was 54% for healthy controls, 78% for episodic migraine, and 100% for chronic migraine. Women with chronic migraine exhibited greater risk of more severe manifestations of TMD than healthy controls (PR: 3.31; P = .008). This association was not identified for episodic migraine (PR: 2.18; P = .101).
  
  
  
  The presence of TMD signs and symptoms was associated with migraine independently of the frequency; however, the magnitude of the association of more severe TMD was significantly greater in chronic, but not episodic, migraine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Locomotor Apparatus Rehabilitation, Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. Electronic address: lidianelimaflorencio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lidiane Lima
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Florencio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Locomotor Apparatus Rehabilitation, Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anamaria Siriani
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Locomotor Apparatus Rehabilitation, Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Ferreira
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dach
authors.affiliation: Migraine & Headache Clinical Development, Global Branded R&D, Frazer, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Marcelo Eduardo
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bigal
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Locomotor Apparatus Rehabilitation, Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bevilaqua-Grossi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Craniomandibular Disorder; Migraine Disorders; Risk