title: Characterizing rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows.
abstract: Soft particulate media include a wide range of systems involving athermal dissipative particles both in non-living and biological materials. Characterization of flows of particulate media is of great practical and theoretical importance. A fascinating feature of these systems is the existence of a critical rigidity transition in the dense regime dominated by highly intermittent fluctuations that severely affects the flow properties. Here, we unveil the underlying mechanisms of rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows. We find that rare fluctuations have different origins above and below the critical jamming density and become suppressed near the jamming transition. We then conjecture a time-independent local fluctuation relation, which we verify numerically, and that gives rise to an effective temperature. We discuss similarities and differences between our proposed effective temperature with the conventional kinetic temperature in the system by means of a universal scaling collapse.Soft particulate flows such as granular media are prone to fluctuations like jamming and avalanches. Here Rahbari et al. consider the statistics of rare fluctuations to identify an effective temperature which, unlike previous ones, is valid for packing fractions both near and far from the jamming point.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, 130-722, South Korea. habib.rahbari@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S H E
authors.initials: SHE
authors.lastname: Rahbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14395-547, Tehran, Iran. ab.saberi@ut.ac.ir.|School of Physics and Accelerators, Institute for research in Fundamental Science (IPM), 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran. ab.saberi@ut.ac.ir.|Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universitat zu Köln, Zülpicher Strasse 77, 50937, Köln, Germany. ab.saberi@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Saberi
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, 130-722, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunggyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI DS), Göttingen, 37077, Germany.|Faculty of Physics, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.|Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, 37073, Germany.|Politecnico di Torino, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vollmer