title: First Detection of the Kdr Mutation T929I in Head Lice (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) in Schoolchildren of the Metropolitan Area of Nuevo Leon and Yucatan, Mexico.
abstract: The head louse Pediculus humanus capitis (De Geer) is a hematophagous ectoparasite that inhabits the human scalp. Infestations by this insect are commonly known as pediculosis, which is more common in younger groups. These infestations are asymptomatic; however, skin irritation from scratching occasionally may cause secondary bacterial infections. In recent years, the prevalence of pediculosis has increased in children; this increase has been attributed to louse resistance to the insecticides used as a control measure for infestation. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence and frequency of the knockdown resistance mutation (kdr) T929I in 468 head lice collected from 32 elementary schools in the metropolitan area of Nuevo Leon (24) and Yucatan (8), Mexico. This is the first report of a knockdown resistance (kdr) mechanism in head lice from Mexico. The T929I mutation was present in all of the sampled schools, with variability observed in its allelic and genotypic frequencies.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66451 México.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ponce-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66451 México.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Villanueva-Segura
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66451 México.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trujillo-Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66451 México.
authors.forename: Iram P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66451 México.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lopez-Monroy
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66451 México.
authors.forename: Adriana E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Flores
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010373:Lice Infestations / Q000469:parasitology; D008800:Mexico; D009154:Mutation; D010374:Pediculus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins
keywords: Mexico; Pediculus humanus capitis; T929I; kdr; pyrethroid