title: Treatment of Persistent Gross Hematuria with Tranexamic Acid in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this retrospective study we aimed to compare the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) vs etamsylate, two hemostatic agents, on hematuria duration in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients with persistent gross hematuria.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective study of 40 patients with ADPKD and macroscopic hematuria. 20 patients receiving TXA and snake venom blood clotting enzyme injection were compared with 20 matched patients receiving etamsylate and snake venom blood clotting enzyme injection. The primary outcome was hematuria duration and the secondary outcomes were blood transfusion requirements and adverse events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hematuria duration was shorter in the TXA group compared with the etamsylate group (4[3-5] d vs 7[6-10] d, P<0.001). The volume of blood transfusion tended to be less in the TXA group than in the etamsylate group (300±115 ml vs 486±195 ml, P=0.12), and the number of patients needing a blood transfusion also tended to be lower [20% (4/20) vs 35% (7/20), P=0.29]. TXA and etamsylate were equally well tolerated and no serious adverse events were observed in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicates that TXA treatment was more effective than etamsylate in stopping bleeding in ADPKD patients with persistent gross hematuria.
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.|Present address: Department of Nephrology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo, China.
authors.forename: Meiyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dongping
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Rongrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rudolf P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Wüthrich
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yiyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Mei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004979:Ethamsylate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014148:Tranexamic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D004979:Ethamsylate; D014148:Tranexamic Acid
keywords: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD); Etamsylate; Hyperfibrinolysis; Persistent gross hematuria; Tranexamic acid (TXA)