title: Analysis of phenolic acids by ionic liquid-in-water microemulsion liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet and electrochemical detector.
abstract: An environmentally friendly ionic liquid-in-water (IL/W) microemulsion was established and applied as mobile phase in microemulsion liquid chromatography (MELC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection or electrochemical detector (ECD) for analysis of phenolic compounds in real samples. The optimal condition of the method was using the best composition of microemulsion (0.2% w/v [HMIM]PF6, 1.0% w/v SDS, 3.0% w/v n-butanol, 95.8% v/v water, pH 2.5) with UV detection. The validation results indicated that the method provided high degree of sensitivity, precision and accuracy with the low limit of detections ranged from 17.9-238ng/mL, satisfactory mean recovery values in the range of 80.1-105% and good linearity (r2>0.9994). Additionally, this method exhibited high selectivity and resolution for the analytes and was more eco-friendly compared with traditional MELC method. Consequently, the established IL/W MELC method was successfully applied to simultaneously separate and determine target compounds in Danshen sample and its preparation.
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Li-Qing
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China. Electronic address: caojun91@163.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Li-Jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Dong
authors.initials: QD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Tin
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000032:analysis; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004655:Emulsions; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D010618:Phenanthrolines; D014867:Water; C028972:dan-shen root extract; C017616:phenolic acid
keywords: Danshen injection; Ionic liquids; Liquid-in-water microemulsion; Microemulsion liquid chromatography; Phenolic acids; Salvia miltiorrhiza