title: Normative Study of Wideband Acoustic Immittance Measures in Newborn Infants.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe normative aspects of wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) measures obtained from healthy White neonates.
  
  
  
  In this cross-sectional study, wideband absorbance (WBA), admittance magnitude, and admittance phase were measured under ambient pressure condition in 326 ears from 203 neonates (M age = 45.9 hr) who passed a battery of tests, including automated auditory brainstem response, high-frequency tympanometry, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions.
  
  
  
  Normative WBA data were in agreement with most previous studies. Normative data for both WBA and admittance magnitude revealed double-peaked patterns with the 1st peak at 1.25-2 kHz and the 2nd peak at 5-8 kHz, while normative admittance phase data showed 2 peaks at 0.8 and 4 kHz. There were no significant differences between ears or gender for the 3 WAI measures. Standard deviations for all 3 measures were highest at frequencies above 4 kHz.
  
  
  
  The 3 WAI measures between 1 kHz and 4 kHz may provide the most stable response of the outer and middle ear. WAI measures at frequencies above 4 kHz were more variable. The normative data established in the present study may serve as a reference for evaluating outer and middle ear function in neonates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, The Townsville Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Sreedevi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aithal
authors.affiliation: Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kei
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, The Townsville Hospital, Queensland, AustraliaHearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Aithal
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, The Townsville Hospital, Queensland, AustraliaHearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Alehandrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manuel
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, The Townsville Hospital, Queensland, AustraliaHearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.affiliation: Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Carlie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Driscoll
authors.affiliation: Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Asaduzzaman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001298:Audiology / Q000379:methods*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; D012016:Reference Values; D044465:White People