title: Exploratory Research on Latent Esophageal Motility Disorders in Dysphagia Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-resolution manometry (HRM) has been applied to assess esophageal motility disorders. However, the frequency and types of motility disorders in patients with dysphagia, which are frequently seen in clinical practice, are not clear. We evaluated latent esophageal motility disorders associated with dysphagia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included patients without erosive esophageal mucosal damage and with dysphagia symptoms refractory to at least 8 weeks of standard-dose proton pump inhibitors. After enrolment, HRM was used to evaluate for esophageal motility disorder based on the Chicago classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Esophageal motility disorder was found in 58 of 100 patients and was classified based on the causes: achalasia (13%), esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (16%), distal esophageal spasms (3%), weak peristalsis (14%), frequently failed peristalsis (5%), and hypertensive peristalsis (7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary esophageal motility disorder was found in approximately 50% of cases in dysphagia patients. Therefore, esophageal motility disorder is not an uncommon condition and should be sought for in order to elucidate precisely the cause of dysphagia.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Yousuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edogawa
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuchi
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: Frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease; High-resolution manometry; Non-erosive reflux disease; Proton pump inhibitor resistance