title: Nanotechnology for Electroanalytical Biosensors of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species.
abstract: Over the past several decades, nanotechnology has contributed to the progress of biomedicine, biomarker discovery, and the development of highly sensitive electroanalytical / electrochemical biosensors for in vitro and in vivo monitoring, and quantification of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). A major source of ROS and RNS is oxidative stress in cells, which can cause many human diseases, including cancer. Therefore, the detection of local concentrations of ROS (e. g. superoxide anion radical; O2•-) and RNS (e. g. nitric oxide radical; NO•and its metabolites) released from biological systems is increasingly important and needs a sophisticated detection strategy to monitor ROS and RNS in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss the nanomaterials-based ROS and RNS biosensors utilizing electrochemical techniques with emphasis on their biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.|Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seenivasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kolodziej
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Research Lab, VHNSN College (Autonomous), 3/151-1,College Road, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, 626001, India.
authors.forename: Chandran
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karunakaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burda
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1
keywords: Biosensors; SOD1 enzyme; cancer; electrochemistry; oxidative stress