title: Fate and Transformation of CuO Nanoparticles in the Soil-Rice System during the Life Cycle of Rice Plants.
abstract: Agricultural soil is gradually becoming a primary sink for metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs). The uptake and accumulation of MNPs by crops may contaminate food chain and pose unexpected risks for human health. Here, we investigated the fate and transformation of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) in the soil-rice system during the rice lifecycle. The results show that at the maturation stage, 1000 mg/kg CuO NPs significantly decreased redox potential by 202.75 mV but enhanced electrical conductivity by 497.07 mS/cm compared to controls. Moreover, the bioavailability of highest CuO NPs in the soil was reduced by 69.84% along with the plant growth but then was significantly increased by 165% after drying-wetting cycles. Meanwhile, CuO and Cu combined with humic acid were transformed to Cu2S and Cu associated with goethite by X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis. Additionally, CuO NPs had an acute negative effect on the plant growth than bulk particles, which dramatically reduced the fresh weight of grains to 6.51% of controls. Notably, CuO NPs were found to be translocated from soil to plant especially to the chaff and promoted the Cu accumulation in the aleurone layer of rice using micro X-ray fluorescence technique, but could not reach the polished rice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.|Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7123-0714
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.|Zhejiang Bestwa Environmental Protection Science and Technology Company Limited, Hangzhou 310015, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Qinglin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003, China.
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.|State Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jiyan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1601-8657
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D012275:Oryza; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D003300:Copper