title: Comparative histological and immunohistochemical study of ameloblastomas and ameloblastic carcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to compare the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of ameloblastomas (AM) and ameloblastic carcinomas (AC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen cases of AM and 9 AC were submitted to hematoxilin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical analysis with the following antibodies: cytokeratins 5,7,8,14 and 19, Ki-67, p53, p63 and the cellular adhesion molecules CD138 (Syndecan-1), E-cadherin and β-catenin. The mean score of the expression of Ki-67 and p53 labelling index (LIs) were compared between the groups using the t test. A value of p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases were positive for CKs 5, 14 and 19, but negative for CKs 7 and 8. CKs 5 and 19 were positive mainly in the central regions of the ameloblastic islands, while the expression in AC was variable in intensity and localization. CK14 was also variably expressed in both AM and AC. Ki-67 (P=.001) and p53 (P=.004) immunoexpression was higher in AC. All cases were positive for p63, but values were higher in AC. CD138 was mainly expressed in peripheral cells of AM, with a weak positivity in the central areas, while it was positive in most areas of ACs, except in less differentiated regions, where expression was decreased or lost. E-cadherin and β-catenin were weakly positive in both AM and AC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results shows that Ki-67, p53 and p63 expression was higher in AC as compared to AM, suggesting that these markers can be useful when considering diagnosis of malignancy, and perhaps could play a role in malignant transformation of AM. Pattern of expression of CKs 5 and 19 in AC were different to those found in AM, suggesting genetic alterations of these proteins in malignant cells. It was confirmed that CK19 is a good marker for benign odontogenic tumors, such as AM, but it is variably expressed in malignant cases.
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira 901, P.O. Box 52, 13414-903 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, cdmarisolmtz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Martínez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mosqueda-Taylor
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carlos-Bregni
authors.forename: F-R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Delgado-Azanero
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neves-Silva
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aldape-Barrios
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Paes-de Almeida
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000564:Ameloblastoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007573:Jaw Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm