title: Maternal mortality as a Millennium Development Goal of the United Nations: a systematic assessment and analysis of available data in threshold countries using Indonesia as example.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2015 the proposed period ended for achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of the United Nations targeting to lower maternal mortality worldwide by ~ 75%. 99% of these cases appear in developing and threshold countries; but reports mostly rely on incomplete or unrepresentative data. Using Indonesia as example, currently available data sets for maternal mortality were systematically reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Besides analysis of international and national data resources, a systematic review was carried out according to Cochrane methodology to identify all data and assessments regarding maternal mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, primary data on maternal mortality differed significantly and were hardly comparable. For 1990 results varied between 253/100 000 and 446/100 000. In 2013 data appeared more conclusive (140-199/100 000). An annual reduction rate (ARR) of -2.8% can be calculated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reported data quality of maternal mortality in Indonesia is very limited regarding comprehensive availability and methodology. This limitation appears to be of general importance for the targeted countries of the MDG. Primary data are rare, not uniformly obtained and not evaluated by comparable methods resulting in very limited comparability. Continuous small data set registration should have high priority for analysis of maternal health activities.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reinke
authors.affiliation: Medical Services of Asri Medical Center, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.lastname: Supriyatiningsih
authors.affiliation: Nordakademie University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg/Elmshorn, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008428:Maternal Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D014480:United Nations / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055815:Young Adult