title: Cytocompatibility assessment of Ti-Zr-Pd-Si-(Nb) alloys with low Young's modulus, increased hardness, and enhanced osteoblast differentiation for biomedical applications.
abstract: Ti-based alloys have increased importance for biomedical applications due to their excellent properties. In particular, the two recently developed TiZrPdSi(Nb) alloys, with a predominant β-Ti phase microstructure, have good mechanical properties, such as a relatively low Young's modulus and high hardness. In the present work, the cytocompatibility of these alloys was assessed using human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. Cells grown on the alloys showed larger spreading areas (more than twice) and higher vinculin content (nearly 40% increment) when compared with cells grown on glass control surfaces, indicating a better cell adhesion. Moreover, cell proliferation was 18% higher for cells growing on both alloys than for cells growing on glass and polystyrene control surfaces. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by quantifying the expression of four osteogenic genes (osteonectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein), the presence of three osteogenic proteins (alkaline phosphatase, collagen I, and osteocalcin) and the activity of alkaline phosphatase at different time-points. The results demonstrated that TiZrPdSi and TiZrPdSiNb alloys enhance osteoblast differentiation, and that cells grown on TiZrPdSiNb alloy present higher levels of some late osteogenic markers during the first week in culture. These results suggest that the TiZrPdSi(Nb) alloys can be considered as excellent candidates for orthopaedical uses. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 834-842, 2018.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Andreu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blanquer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Musilkova
authors.affiliation: Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barrios
authors.affiliation: Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vandrovcova
authors.affiliation: Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pellicer
authors.affiliation: Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sort
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bacakova
authors.affiliation: Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: Carme
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nogués
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D009556:Niobium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D012828:Silicones; D009556:Niobium; D010165:Palladium; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Saos-2 cells; Ti-based alloy; cytocompatibility; osteogenic gene expression; protein adsorption