title: Origin of reduced magnetization and domain formation in small magnetite nanoparticles.
abstract: The structural, chemical, and magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles are compared. Aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals the prevalence of antiphase boundaries in nanoparticles that have significantly reduced magnetization, relative to the bulk. Atomistic magnetic modelling of nanoparticles with and without these defects reveals the origin of the reduced moment. Strong antiferromagnetic interactions across antiphase boundaries support multiple magnetic domains even in particles as small as 12-14 nm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: Zlatko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nedelkoski
authors.affiliation: SuperSTEM, Sci-Tech Daresbury Campus, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.
authors.forename: Demie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kepaptsoglou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lari
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.|State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Tianlong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Oberdick
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Galindo
authors.affiliation: SuperSTEM, Sci-Tech Daresbury Campus, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.
authors.forename: Quentin M
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Ramasse
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: Richard F L
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Majetich
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: Vlado K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Lazarov