title: Cardiac surgery 2016 reviewed.
abstract: For the year 2016, more than 20,000 published references can be found in Pubmed when entering the search term "cardiac surgery". Publications last year have helped to more clearly delineate the fields where classic surgery and modern interventional techniques overlap. The field of coronary bypass surgery (partially compared to percutaneous coronary intervention) was enriched by five large prospective randomized trials. The value of CABG for complex coronary disease was reconfirmed and for less complex main stem lesions, PCI was found potentially equal. For aortic valve treatment, more evidence was presented for the superiority of transcatheter aortic valve implantation for patients with intermediate risk. However, the 2016 evidence argued against the liberal expansion to the low-risk field, where conventional aortic valve replacement still appears superior. For the mitral valve, many publications emphasized the significant impact of mitral valve reconstruction on survival in structural mitral regurgitation. In addition, there were many relevant and other interesting contributions from the purely operative arena in the fields of coronary revascularization, surgical treatment of valve disease, terminal heart failure (i.e., transplantation and ventricular assist devices), and aortic surgery. While this article attempts to summarize the most pertinent publications it does not have the expectation of being complete and cannot be free of individual interpretation. As in recent years, it provides a condensed summary that is intended to give the reader "solid ground" for up-to-date decision-making in cardiac surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany. doenst@med.uni-jena.de.
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doenst
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Essa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Khalil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jacoub
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexandros
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moschovas
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Hristo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kirov
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diab
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bargenda
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faerber
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000639:trends*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D012042:Registries
keywords: Aortic surgery; Aortic valve surgery; Coronary revascularization; Heart transplantation; Left ventricular assist devices; Mitral valve surgery; Tricuspid valve surgery