title: Physicochemical characterization of water-soluble chitosan derivatives with singlet oxygen quenching and antibacterial capabilities.
abstract: New water-soluble chitosan derivatives (WSCh) were obtained by Maillard reaction (MR) between glucosamine (GA) with both low and medium molecular weight chitosans (Ch). The WSCh showed larger solubility than the respective Ch, while their deacetylation degree (DD) decreased by approximately 12%. Infrared spectroscopy experiments of WSCh confirmed the formation of imine bonds after MR with intensified pyranose structure, and sugar molecules as polymer branches. However, a 6-times reduction of the molecular weight of WSCh was measured, indicating the breakdown of the polysaccharide chain during the MR. The polysaccharides quenched singlet molecular oxygen (1O2), with rate quenching constants correlating with the DD value of the samples, suggesting the important role of amino groups (-NH2) in the deactivation of1O2. Additionally, all polysaccharides presented antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, e.g. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria ivanovii, as tested by their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). This way we obtained new water-soluble polysaccharides, with similar functional properties to those presented by native Ch, enhancing its potential application as carrier material for bioactive compounds.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET-UNVM), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Arturo Jauretche 1555, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Noelia L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Vanden Braber
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET-UNVM), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Arturo Jauretche 1555, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ladislao I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Díaz Vergara
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA, (INBIONATEC), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), CONICET, RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
authors.forename: Faustino E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Morán Vieyra
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA, (INBIONATEC), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), CONICET, RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Electronic address: cdborsarelli@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Claudio D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Borsarelli
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC-CONICET-UNL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Güemes 3450, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Mariana M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Yossen
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC-CONICET-UNL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Güemes 3450, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jorge R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Silvia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET-UNVM), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Arturo Jauretche 1555, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: mamontenegro03@yahoo.com.ar.
authors.forename: Mariana A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Montenegro
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008970:Molecular Weight; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014867:Water; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Singlet oxygen quenching; Water-soluble chitosans