title: A Pilot Study to Examine the Effects of an Anti-inflammatory Supplement on Eicosanoid Derivatives in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease with an inverse relationship between kidney function and levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. Curcumin and Boswellia serrata have been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects on the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to study the effects of a supplement containing curcumin and B. serrata on eicosanoid derivatives in early stage CKD patients who had not initiated hemodialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with stage 2 and stage 3 CKD (56.0 ± 16.0 years, 171.4 ± 11.9 cm, 99.3 ± 20.2 kg) were randomized into a treatment group with curcumin and B. serrata or a placebo group. The dependent variables prostaglandin E2(PGE2), 5-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid, 12-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid, 15-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid, and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid were measured both before and after 8 weeks of supplementation. Results were analyzed by using a repeated-measures analysis of covariance for compliance and body-mass index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant group effect (p = 0.05), and a trend for Group × Time interaction (p = 0.056) were detected for PGE2. No significant differences were observed for any other variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first article of baseline levels of the dependent variables in early stage CKD, and the first article to show a significant effect of these supplements on PGE2in early stage CKD. Further studies are needed to determine whether curcumin and B. serrata may be effective means to reduce inflammation in patients with CKD.
authors.affiliation: 1 Western University of Health Sciences COMP-NW , Lebanon , OR.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Shelmadine
authors.affiliation: 2 Robbins College of Health & Human Sciences, Baylor University , Waco, TX.
authors.forename: Rodney G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University , Waco, TX.
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Moreillon
authors.affiliation: 4 College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University , Melbourne, Australia .
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.affiliation: 5 Integrative Medicine Research, MD Anderson, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Peiying
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Kinesiology, Texas Lutheran University , Seguin, TX.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deike
authors.affiliation: 7 Family Medicine, Family Health Center , Waco, TX.
authors.forename: Jackson O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Griggs
authors.affiliation: 8 Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White, Waco, TX.
authors.forename: Ron L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029743:Boswellia / Q000737:chemistry*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000737:chemistry*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015777:Eicosanoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Boswellia serrata; chronic kidney disease; curcumin; eicosanoids; inflammation; prostaglandins