title: Blunt Traumatic Extracranial Cerebrovascular Injury and Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemic stroke occurs in a significant subset of patients with blunt traumatic cerebrovascular injury (TCVI). The patients are victims of motor vehicle crashes, assaults or other high-energy collisions, and suffer ischemic stroke due to injury to the extracranial carotid or vertebral arteries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increasing number of patients with TCVI are being identified, largely because of the expanding use of computed tomography angiography for screening patients with blunt trauma. Patients with TCVI are particularly challenging to manage because they often suffer polytrauma, that is, numerous additional injuries including orthopedic, chest, abdominal, and head injuries. Presently, there is no consensus about optimal management. Key Messages: Most literature about TCVI and stroke has been published in trauma, general surgery, and neurosurgery journals; because of this, and because these patients are managed primarily by trauma surgeons, patients with stroke due to TCVI have been essentially hidden from view of neurologists. This review is intended to bring this clinical entity to the attention of clinicians and investigators with specific expertise in neurology and stroke.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Foreman
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Harrigan
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000379:methods; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D057772:Vascular System Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Dissection; Stroke; Trauma