title: Serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of soluble human leukocyte antigen, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 10 in patients with selected ovarian pathologies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although immune system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of both endometriosis and ovarian cancer, its function is different. Therefore, we hypothesized, that selected immune parameters can serve as diagnostic markers of these two conditions. The aim of this study was to compare serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of sHLA-G, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in women with selected ovarian pathologies: benign serous cysts, endometrioma and malignant tumors. Clinical significance of using them for diagnostic purposes in women with serous ovarian cysts, endometriosis, and ovarian cancer, which in the future may improve the early diagnosis of ovarian diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included women treated surgically for benign serous ovarian cysts, ovarian endometrioma and serous ovarian adenocarcinomas. Peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid samples were obtained intraoperatively. Patients with benign serous cysts, endometrioma and ovarian malignancies did not differ significantly in terms of their serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of sHLA-G. Ovarian cancer patients presented with significantly higher median serum concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha than other study subjects. Median concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha in peritoneal fluid turned out to be the highest in ovarian cancer patients, followed by women with endometrioma and subjects with benign serous cysts. All these intergroup differences were statistically significant. Irrespective of the group, median concentrations of sHLA-G, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in peritoneal fluid were higher than serum levels of these markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha distinguish ovarian malignancies and endometriomas from benign serous ovarian cysts. In contrast to endometriosis, ovarian malignancies are characterized by elevated peritoneal fluid concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha, elevated serum concentrations of IL-10 and low serum levels of TNF-alpha. Serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of sHLA-G have no diagnostic value in differentiating between ovarian malignancies and endometriomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 48 Żołnierska, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland. olimpiasipak-szmigiel@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Olimpia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sipak-Szmigiel
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital SPS ZOZ "Zdroje", Mączna 4, 70-780, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Włodarski
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Maternofetal Medicine and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-242, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ronin-Walknowska
authors.affiliation: Clinical Hospital SPS ZOZ "Zdroje", Mączna 4, 70-780, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niedzielski
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karakiewicz
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Słuczanowska-Głąbowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laszczyńska
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 48 Żołnierska, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Malinowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000097:blood; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Endometriosis; IL-10; Ovarian cancer; Ovarian cysts; TNF-alpha; Tumor escape; sHLA-G