title: Body composition status and the risk of migraine: A meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between migraine and body composition status as estimated based on body mass index and WHO physical status categories.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic electronic database searches were conducted for relevant studies. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and quality appraisal. Odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random effects model. Significant values, weighted effect sizes, and tests of homogeneity of variance were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 12 studies, encompassing data from 288,981 unique participants, were included. The age- and sex-adjusted pooled risk of migraine in those with obesity was increased by 27% compared with those of normal weight (odds ratio [OR] 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-1.37,p< 0.001) and remained increased after multivariate adjustments. Although the age- and sex-adjusted pooled migraine risk was increased in overweight individuals (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.04, 1.12,p< 0.001), significance was lost after multivariate adjustments. The age- and sex-adjusted pooled risk of migraine in underweight individuals was marginally increased by 13% compared with those of normal weight (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.02, 1.24,p< 0.001) and remained increased after multivariate adjustments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current body of evidence shows that the risk of migraine is increased in obese and underweight individuals. Studies are needed to confirm whether interventions that modify obesity status decrease the risk of migraine.
authors.affiliation: From the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (B.G.), Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S., R.O.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (W.J.B.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Department of Neurology (H.L.N., B.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Bizu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gelaye
authors.affiliation: From the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (B.G.), Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S., R.O.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (W.J.B.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Department of Neurology (H.L.N., B.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.affiliation: From the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (B.G.), Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S., R.O.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (W.J.B.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Department of Neurology (H.L.N., B.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Wendy J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: From the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (B.G.), Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S., R.O.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (W.J.B.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Department of Neurology (H.L.N., B.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Haley L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Nitchie
authors.affiliation: From the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (B.G.), Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S., R.O.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (W.J.B.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Department of Neurology (H.L.N., B.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ornello
authors.affiliation: From the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (B.G.), Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S., R.O.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (W.J.B.), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Department of Neurology (H.L.N., B.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. lpeterlin@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: B Lee
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Peterlin
mesh_terms: D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D006801:Humans; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012306:Risk