title: Generation, characterization, and application in serodiagnosis of recombinant swine vesicular disease virus-like particles.
abstract: Swine vesicular disease (SVD) is a highly contagious viral disease that causes vesicular disease in pigs. The importance of the disease is due to its indistinguishable clinical signs from those of foot-and-mouth disease, which prevents international trade of swine and related products. SVD-specific antibody detection via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most versatile and commonly used method for SVD surveillance and export certification. Inactivated SVD virus is the commonly used antigen in SVD-related ELISA. A recombinant SVD virus-like particle (VLP) was generated by using a Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system. Results of SVD-VLP analyses from electron microscopy, western blotting, immunofluorescent assay, and mass spectrometry showed that the recombinant SVD-VLP morphologically resemble authentic SVD viruses. The SVD-VLP was evaluated as a replacement for inactivated whole SVD virus in competitive and isotype-specific ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against SVD virus. The recombinant SVD-VLP assay produced results similar to those from inactivated whole virus antigen ELISA. The VLP-based ELISA results were comparable to those from the virus neutralization test for antibody detection in pigs experimentally inoculated with SVD virus. Use of the recombinant SVD-VLP is a safe and valuable alternative to using SVD virus antigen in diagnostic assays.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Wanhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goolia
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salo
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000662:veterinary; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000662:veterinary; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D013555:Swine Vesicular Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology
keywords: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; serological tests; swine vesicular disease virus; virus-like particles