title: In vitro growth inhibition and cytotoxicity of Euphorbia caducifolia against four human cancer cell lines and its phytochemical characterisation.
abstract: Several Euphorbia species have been used in folklore as cancer remedies, however, scientific studies on the cytotoxicity (in vitro studies) of Euphorbia caducifolia are lacking. In present study, anticancer potential of E. caducifolia aerial parts ethanol extract and its fractions were evaluated against human lung (NCI-H460), breast (MCF-7), prostate (PC-3) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines, using sulphorhodamine-B in vitro cytotoxicity (in vitro studies) assay. The ethanol extract demonstrated growth inhibitory effect against all aforementioned cancer cell lines with IC50, 19-135 μg/mL and LC50, ~220 μg/mL, and its petroleum ether fraction obtained on bioactivity guided fraction showed highest activity with IC50, 28-70 μg/mL and LC50, 71 μg/mL against NCI-H460 and MCF-7 cell lines. Its phytochemicals were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The present study provides scientific justification for its traditional use against cancer.
authors.affiliation: a HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shaista
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bano
authors.affiliation: a HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Bina Shaheen
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: a HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.|b Department of Eastern medicine , Hamdard Al-Majeed College of Eastern Medicine Hamdard University , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ahsana Dar
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.affiliation: a HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sabira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.affiliation: a HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.|c Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow College of Pharmacy , Dow University of Health Sciences , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Faheema
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: a HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.|c Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow College of Pharmacy , Dow University of Health Sciences , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashif
authors.affiliation: d Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mudassar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azhar
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Euphorbia caducifolia; GC-MS; growth inhibition; petroleum ether fraction; sulphorhodamine-B