title: Clinical disorders responsible for plasma hyperviscosity and skin complications.
abstract: In this brief review, we have examined some clinical disorders which are associated to an altered hemorheological profile and at times accompanied by skin ulcers. This skin condition may be, in fact, observed in patients with primary plasma hyperviscosity such as multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, cryoglobulinemia, cryofibrinogenemia, dysfibrinogenemia and connective tissue diseases. It must be underlined that the altered hemorheological pattern is not the only responsible for this skin complication but, as it worsens the microcirculatory flow, it contributes to determine the occurrence of the skin ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: gregorio.caimi@unipa.it.
authors.forename: Gregorio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caimi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carlisi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Urso
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lo Presti
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hopps
mesh_terms: D001809:Blood Viscosity; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000097:blood; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000097:blood; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood; D010265:Paraproteinemias / Q000097:blood; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D013577:Syndrome; D008258:Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / Q000097:blood
keywords: Plasma hyperviscosity; Skin ulcers; Whole-blood viscosity