title: Non-pharmacological measures in preterm newborns submitted to arterial puncture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to assess pain in preterm newborns and to compare the neonatal and therapeutic variables with the total scores of the Neonatal Facial Coding System of preterm newborns submitted to arterial puncture exposed to music and 25% oral glucose.
  
  
  METHODS
  a comparative study with 48 recordings of preterm newborns - Group 1, music (26); Group 2, glucose 25% (22) - individually analyzed by three trained nurses, after Kappa of at least 80%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the variables and the pain scores of the groups did not present statistical significance (p < 0.05) according to the Neonatal Facial Coding System. 80.8% of the preterm infants in Group 1 had a higher quantitative score ≥ 3 in the neonatal variables (gender, type of delivery), and therapeutic variables (type of oxygen therapy, place of hospitalization, type of puncture).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no difference when comparing the music and glucose 25% groups and the variables studied.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gleicia Martins de
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira Leitão
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D016602:Needlestick Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain / Q000451:nursing; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose