title: Traps and Baits for Luring Grapholita molesta (Busck) Adults in Mating Disruption-Treated Apple Orchards.
abstract: Grapholita molesta (Busck) is one of the main pests in apple crops in Brazil, where it is controlled by mating disruption (MD) with the use of the synthetic sex pheromone. However, sex-pheromone-based monitoring is not effective in MD-treated areas and may result in losses in production. This work has defined a trap model and a bait for luring G. molesta adults in MD apple orchards. The experiments were conducted in commercial apple orchards located in São Joaquim, SC, Brazil. Three trap models-McPhail, Pot, and Ajar-and three baits-grape juice (25%) (GJ), sugarcane molasses (25%) (SM), and a solution containing brown sugar (8.69%) and terpinyl acetate (0.05%) (TAS)-were assessed for luring G. molesta adults in areas subjected to the mating disruption. The assessments were performed weekly by collecting the insects caught in the traps. In addition, time needed to replace traps was also assessed, as well as the selectivity of the trap/bait set. In the laboratory, G. molesta adults were sexed, and the females were dissected to confirm reproductive status. We discuss our results and sugarcane molasses (25%) captured the least number of G. molesta adults regardless of the tested traps. The Ajar/TAS, Pot/TAS, and McPhail/GJ captured the largest number of G. molesta adults. The Ajar/TAS was the most selective and easier to handle. TAS was efficient in catching G. molesta until 14 days after preparation of the solution. Ajar/TAS has potential to be used in the monitoring of G. molesta in apple orchards.
authors.affiliation: Univ do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Lages, SC, Brasil. acostapadilha08@gmail.com.|Centro de Ciências Agrovetrinárias (CAV), Univ do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000, Santa Catarina, Brasil. acostapadilha08@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Padilha
authors.affiliation: Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina - Estação Experimental de São Joaquim, São Joaquim, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Arioli
authors.affiliation: Univ do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Lages, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: M I C
authors.initials: MIC
authors.lastname: Boff
authors.affiliation: Univ do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Lages, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brasil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Botton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices; D007300:Insect Control / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus; D008965:Molasses; D009036:Moths; D000073893:Sugars; D013729:Terpenes
chemical_list: D000073893:Sugars; D013729:Terpenes; C019564:terpinyl acetate
keywords: Oriental fruit moth; brown sugar; food bait; sex pheromone; terpinyl acetate