title: Faster clean catch urine collection (Quick-Wee method) from infants: randomised controlled trial.
abstract: ObjectiveTo determine if a simple stimulation method increases the rate of infant voiding for clean catch urine within five minutes.DesignRandomised controlled trial.SettingEmergency department of a tertiary paediatric hospital, Australia.Participants354 infants (aged 1-12 months) requiring urine sample collection as determined by the treating clinician. 10 infants were subsequently excluded.InterventionsInfants were randomised to either gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation (n=174) using gauze soaked in cold fluid (the Quick-Wee method) or standard clean catch urine with no additional stimulation (n=170), for five minutes.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was voiding of urine within five minutes. Secondary outcomes were successful collection of a urine sample, contamination rate, and parental and clinician satisfaction with the method.ResultsThe Quick-Wee method resulted in a significantly higher rate of voiding within five minutes compared with standard clean catch urine (31%v12%, P<0.001), difference in proportions 19% favouring Quick-Wee (95% confidence interval for difference 11% to 28%). Quick-Wee had a higher rate of successful urine sample collection (30%v9%, P<0.001) and greater parental and clinician satisfaction (median 2v3 on a 5 point Likert scale, P<0.001). The difference in contamination between Quick-Wee and standard clean catch urine was not significant (27%v45%, P=0.29). The number needed to treat was 4.7 (95% confidence interval 3.4 to 7.7) to successfully collect one additional urine sample within five minutes using Quick-Wee compared with standard clean catch urine.ConclusionsQuick-Wee is a simple cutaneous stimulation method that significantly increases the five minute voiding and success rate of clean catch urine collection.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12615000754549.
authors.affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Shidan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tosif
authors.affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Sandy M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hopper
authors.affiliation: Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Donath
authors.affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Penelope A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia franz.babl@rch.org.au.|Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.|Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Franz E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Babl
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014554:Urination; D059349:Urine Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods*