title: High-Q photonic resonators and electro-optic coupling using silicon-on-lithium-niobate.
abstract: Future quantum networks, in which superconducting quantum processors are connected via optical links, will require microwave-to-optical photon converters that preserve entanglement. A doubly-resonant electro-optic modulator (EOM) is a promising platform to realize this conversion. Here, we present our progress towards building such a modulator by demonstrating the optically-resonant half of the device. We demonstrate high quality (Q) factor ring, disk and photonic crystal resonators using a hybrid silicon-on-lithium-niobate material system. Optical Q factors up to 730,000 are achieved, corresponding to propagation loss of 0.8 dB/cm. We also use the electro-optic effect to modulate the resonance frequency of a photonic crystal cavity, achieving a electro-optic modulation coefficient between 1 and 2 pm/V. In addition to quantum technology, we expect that our results will be useful both in traditional silicon photonics applications and in high-sensitivity acousto-optic devices.
authors.affiliation: Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Witmer
authors.affiliation: Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Valery
authors.affiliation: Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arrangoiz-Arriola
authors.affiliation: Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sarabalis
authors.affiliation: Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Jeff T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Amir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Safavi-Naeini