title: A rolling phenotype in Crohn's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Montreal classification of disease behaviour in Crohn's disease describes progression of disease towards a stricturing and penetrating phenotype. In the present paper, we propose an alternative representation of the long-term course of Crohn's disease complications, the rolling phenotype. As is commonly observed in clinical practice, this definition allows progression to a more severe phenotype (stricturing, penetrating) but also, regression to a less severe behaviour (inflammatory, or remission) over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients diagnosed with Crohn's Disease between 01/01/1994 and 01/03/2008, managed at a single centre and observed for a minimum of 5 years, had development and resolution of all complications recorded. A rolling phenotype was defined at each time point based on all observed complications in the three years prior to the time point. Phenotype was defined as B1, B2, B3, or B23 (penetrating and stenotic). The progression over time of the rolling phenotype was compared to that of the cumulative Montreal phenotype.
  
  
  RESULTS
  305 patients were observed a median of 10.0 (Intraquartile range 7.3-13.7) years. Longitudinal progression of rolling phenotype demonstrated a consistent proportion of patients with B1 (70%), B2 (20%), B3 (5%) and B23 (5%) phenotypes. These proportions were observed regardless of initial phenotype. In contrast, the cumulative Montreal phenotype progressed towards a more severe phenotype with time (B1 (39%), B2 (26%), B3(35%) at 10 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rolling phenotype provides an alternative view of the longitudinal burden of intra-abdominal complications in Crohn's disease. From this viewpoint, 70% of patients have durable freedom from complication over time (>3 years).
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.|Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.|School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: James
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6804-1752
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.|School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Simms
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanigan
authors.affiliation: Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, site de Bicêtre Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France.|CESP, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carbonnel
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.|Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.|School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Radford-Smith
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D055815:Young Adult