title: Xylitol nasal irrigation in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of xylitol nasal irrigation (XNI) treatment on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and to investigate the effect of XNI on nasal nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in maxillary sinus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with CRS were enrolled and symptoms were assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22). Nasal NO and iNOS mRNA in the right maxillary sinus were also examined. Then, they were treated with XNI (XNI group) or saline nasal irrigation (SNI, SNI group) for 30days, after which their symptoms were reassessed using VAS and SNOT-22, and nasal NO and iNOS mRNA in the right maxillary sinus were also reexamined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five out of 30 patients completed this study. The scores of VAS and SNOT-22 were all reduced significantly after XNI treatment, but not after SNI. The concentrations of nasal NO and iNOS mRNA in the right maxillary sinus were increased significantly in XNI group. However, significant changes were not found after SNI treatment. Furthermore, there were statistical differences in the assessments of VAS and SNOT-22 and the contents of nasal NO and iNOS mRNA in the right maxillary sinus between two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  XNI results in greater improvement of symptoms of CRS and greater enhancement of nasal NO and iNOS mRNA in maxillary sinus as compared to SNI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: linlinhsn@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xinyue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jinjin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Guangbin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D055556:Nasal Lavage; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014993:Xylitol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D014993:Xylitol
keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; NO; Nasal irrigation; SNOT-22; VAS; Xylitol; iNOS mRNA