title: Framingham Risk Score as a Prognostic Predictor of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Preliminary Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Predicting the prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) remains challenging. This investigation aimed to apply Framingham Risk Scores (FRS) to assess the combination of prognostic factors following ISSHL and investigate the predictive role of FRS in patients with multiple comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients presenting with unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and multiple comorbidities were surveyed. Framingham Risk Score was calculated, and patients were assigned into high-risk (FRS ≥20%) and low-risk (FRS <20%) groups. Mean pure tone audiometry (PTA) threshold of both groups and hearing outcomes following established criteria were investigated. All patients were treated with the same protocol of oral methylprednisolone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall successful recovery rate (complete + marked recovery) was 23.81%. The mean PTA threshold of the low-risk group showed significant improvement (mean PTA ± standard error, SE: pretreatment, 73.23 ± 11.80; posttreatment, 54.89 ± 10.25, P = .002), while the high-risk group did not show significant improvement in mean PTA threshold (mean PTA ± SE: pretreatment, 71.94 ± 11.77; posttreatment, 68.89 ± 12.81, P = .73).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Framingham Risk Scores may be useful in predicting outcomes for ISSHL patients with multiple comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inje University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nam-Gyu
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Il Joon
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yang-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Ho
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone / Q000379:methods; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D056910:Republic of Korea; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D008775:Methylprednisolone
keywords: Framingham risk score; Siegel’s criteria; corticosteroid; idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss; pure tone audiometry