title: Mesenchymal stem cells and differentiated insulin producing cells are new horizons for pancreatic regeneration in type I diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus has become the third human killer following cancer and cardiovascular disease. Millions of patients, often children, suffer from type 1 diabetes (T1D). Stem cells created hopes to regenerate damaged body tissues and restore their function.
  
  
  
  This work aimed at clarifying and comparing the therapeutic potential of differentiated and non-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a new line of therapy for T1D.
  
  
  
  40 Female albino rats divided into group I (control): 10 rats and group II (diabetic), III and IV, 10 rats in each, were injected with streptozotocin (50mg/kg body weight). Group III (MSCs) were transplanted with bone marrow derived MSCs from male rats and group IV (IPCs) with differentiated insulin producing cells. Blood and pancreatic tissue samples were taken from all rats for biochemical and histological studies.
  
  
  
  MSCs reduced hyperglycemia in diabetic rats on day 15 while IPCs normalizes blood glucose level on day 7. Histological and morphometric analysis of pancreas of experimental diabetic rats showed improvement in MSCs-treated group but in IPCs-treated group, β-cells insulin immunoreactions were obviously returned to normal, with normal distribution of β-cells in the center and other cells at the periphery. Meanwhile, most of the pathological lesions were still detected in diabetic rats.
  
  
  
  MSCs transplantation can reduce blood glucose level in recipient diabetic rats. IPCs initiate endogenous pancreatic regeneration by neogenesis of islets. IPCs are better than MSCs in regeneration of β-cells. So, IPCs therapy can be considered clinically to offer a hope for patients suffering from T1D.
authors.affiliation: Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt. Electronic address: totabaty@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ayat M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Domouky
authors.affiliation: Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ashraf S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hegab
authors.affiliation: Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Shahat
authors.affiliation: Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nermin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raafat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005934:Glucagon / Q000235:genetics; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D015534:Trans-Activators; C084010:pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 protein; D005934:Glucagon
keywords: IPCs; MSCs; STZ; Therapeutic trial; Type 1diabetes