title: Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Quantification in the Evaluation of Renal Parenchyma Elasticity in Pediatric Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Preliminary Results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate renal parenchymal elasticity with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and compare with healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight healthy volunteers and 30 pediatric CKD patients were enrolled in this prospective study. The shear wave velocity (SW) values of both kidneys in CKD patients and healthy volunteers were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SW in healthy volunteers was 2.21 ± 0.34 m/s, whereas the same value was 1.81 ± 0.49, 1.72 ± 0.63, 1.66 ± 0.29, 1.48 ± 0.37, and 1.23 ± 0.27 for stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in CKD patients, respectively. The SW was significantly lower for each stage in the CKD patients compared with healthy volunteers. Acoustic radiation force impulse could not predict the different stages of CKD, with the exception of stage 5. The cut-off value for predicting CKD was 1.81 m/s; at this threshold, sensitivity was 76.5% and specificity was 92.1% (area under the curve = 0.870 [95% confidence interval: 0.750-0.990]; P < .001). Interobserver agreement expressed as intraclass coefficient correlation was 0.65 (95% confidence interval: 0.34 to 0.83; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acoustic radiation force impulse may be a potentially useful tool in detecting CKD in pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meltem Ceyhan
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bilgici
authors.affiliation: Zonguldak Atatürk State Hospital, Radiology Clinic, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tumay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bekci
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gurkan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Genc
authors.affiliation: Van Region Education and Research Hospital, Pediatrics Clinic, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Demet
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tekcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biostatistics, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Leman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tomak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004548:Elasticity; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: acoustic radiation force impulse; chronic kidney disease; elastography; pediatrics; ultrasound