title: Elucidating fish oil-induced milk fat depression in dairy sheep: Milk somatic cell transcriptome analysis.
abstract: In this study, RNA sequencing was used to obtain a comprehensive profile of the transcriptomic changes occurring in the mammary gland of lactating sheep suffering from fish oil-induced milk fat depression (FO-MFD). The milk somatic cell transcriptome analysis of four control and four FO-MFD ewes generated an average of 42 million paired-end reads per sample. In both conditions, less than 220 genes constitute approximately 89% of the total counts. These genes, which are considered as core genes, were mainly involved in cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins and electron transport chain pathways. In total, 117 genes were upregulated, and 96 genes were downregulated in FO-MFD samples. Functional analysis of the latter indicated a downregulation of genes involved in the SREBP signaling pathway (e.g., ACACA, ACSL, and ACSS) and Gene Ontology terms related to lipid metabolism and lipid biosynthetic processes. Integrated interpretation of upregulated genes indicated enrichment in genes encoding plasma membrane proteins and proteins regulating protein kinase activity. Overall, our results indicate that FO-MFD is associated with the downregulation of key genes involved in the mammary lipogenesis process. In addition, the results also suggest that this syndrome may be related to upregulation of other genes implicated in signal transduction and codification of transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, León 24071, Spain.
authors.forename: Aroa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suárez-Vega
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas s/n, Grulleros 24346, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Toral
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, León 24071, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Gil
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas s/n, Grulleros 24346, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hervás
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, León 24071, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Arranz
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas s/n, Grulleros 24346, León, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frutos
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000009:adverse effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D012756:Sheep / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils