title: Classifying oxidative stress by F2-isoprostane levels across human diseases: A meta-analysis.
abstract: The notion that oxidative stress plays a role in virtually every human disease and environmental exposure has become ingrained in everyday knowledge. However, mounting evidence regarding the lack of specificity of biomarkers traditionally used as indicators of oxidative stress in human disease and exposures now necessitates re-evaluation. To prioritize these re-evaluations, published literature was comprehensively analyzed in a meta-analysis to quantitatively classify the levels of systemic oxidative damage across human disease and in response to environmental exposures. In this meta-analysis, the F2-isoprostane, 8-iso-PGF2α, was specifically chosen as the representative marker of oxidative damage. To combine published values across measurement methods and specimens, the standardized mean differences (Hedges' g) in 8-iso-PGF2αlevels between affected and control populations were calculated. The meta-analysis resulted in a classification of oxidative damage levels as measured by 8-iso-PGF2αacross 50 human health outcomes and exposures from 242 distinct publications. Relatively small increases in 8-iso-PGF2αlevels (g<0.8) were found in the following conditions: hypertension (g=0.4), metabolic syndrome (g=0.5), asthma (g=0.4), and tobacco smoking (g=0.7). In contrast, large increases in 8-iso-PGF2αlevels were observed in pathologies of the kidney, e.g., chronic renal insufficiency (g=1.9), obstructive sleep apnoea (g=1.1), and pre-eclampsia (g=1.1), as well as respiratory tract disorders, e.g., cystic fibrosis (g=2.3). In conclusion, we have established a quantitative classification for the level of 8-iso-PGF2αgeneration in different human pathologies and exposures based on a comprehensive meta-analysis of published data. This analysis provides knowledge on the true involvement of oxidative damage across human health outcomes as well as utilizes past research to prioritize those conditions requiring further scrutiny on the mechanisms of biomarker generation.
authors.affiliation: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA. Electronic address: thomas.vanterve@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: van 't Erve
authors.affiliation: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA.
authors.forename: Maria B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kadiiska
authors.affiliation: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: London
authors.affiliation: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes
keywords: F(2)-isoprostane; Meta-analysis; Oxidative damage; Oxidative stress; Ranking