title: Potential use of secondary products of the agri-food industry for topical formulations and comparative analysis of antioxidant activity of grape leaf polyphenols.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to develop a phytocosmetic using Vitis waste by-products, for use as a topical formulation for skin protection against ultraviolet radiation damage. The study also evaluates the free radical scavenger activity of the crude extracts of dried leaves of Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca, as well as the anthocyanins, flavonoid fraction and isolated compounds. Next, release and permeation studies of hydrogels were performed using Franz-type diffusion cells. Flavonoid acted more intensively in TRAP and conjugated dienes antioxidant assays, whereas anthocyanins had higher antioxidant activity in hydroxyl and nitric oxide assay. Only quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (5) was released from hydrogels, and the flavonoid retention in porcine ear skin after eight hours of permeation was below of limit of quantification for this compound. The polyphenols present in Vitis are capable of absorbing UV and visible light, justifying their potential as sunscreens for the development of a phytocosmetic.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Roger Remy
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Dresch
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Terezinha Kreinecker
authors.initials: MTK
authors.lastname: Dresch
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biegelmeyer
authors.affiliation: b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora Fretes
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Argenta
authors.affiliation: c Centro de Estudos de Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Fagundes
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.affiliation: b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Helder Ferreira
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: c Centro de Estudos de Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: José Cláudio Fonseca
authors.initials: JCF
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: a Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Amélia Teresinha
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Henriques
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D065546:Drug Liberation; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D019649:Food Industry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013552:Swine; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D020100:Hydrogels; D059808:Polyphenols; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C443401:quercetin 3-O-glucuronide; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: Grape leaves; Vitis; antioxidant activity; permeation; polyphenols