title: Anti-melanogenic activity ofViola odoratadifferent extracts on B16F10 murine melanoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In previous studies, antioxidant activity ofViola odorataL. has been demonstrated. In this study, we have investigated the anti-melanogenic effect of extract and fractions of the plant in B16F10 cell line.
  
  
  METHODS
  Impact of different increasing concentrations of extract and fractions ofV. odoratawas evaluated on cell viability, cellular tyrosinase, melanin content and mushroom tyrosinase as well as ROS production in B16F10 murine melanoma cell line.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Viola odoratahad no cytotoxicity on B16F10 cells compared to control group. Kojic acid as positive control had significant decreasing effects on cellular and mushroom tyrosinase activity, melanin content and ROS production (P<0.001, for all cases).V. odorata(1-20 µg/ml) decreased all measured parameters including cellular tyrosinase and melanin content as well as ROS production and among all extract and fractions ethyl acetate fraction had the best effect (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Viola odoratahad promising anti-melanogenic activity through inhibition of cellular tyrosinase activity and ROS production as well as melanin content. More basic and clinical studies need to aver its impact.
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Vafa Baradaran
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahid Reza
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Askari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Emami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tayarani-Najaran
keywords: B16F10 cell line; Melanin; ROS; Tyrosinase; Viola odorata L; Violaceae