title: Remarkable response to fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan therapy in urothelial cancer of the renal pelvis: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No standard chemotherapy regimen for advanced urothelial cancer has been established, except for cisplatin-based regimens. We report the case of a patient with double primary cancer, urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and colorectal cancer, who underwent oxaliplatin-based chemotherapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 56-year-old Japanese man presented to our hospital with the diagnosis of a left renal pelvic tumor and rectal cancer. Several examinations including ureteroscopic biopsy and computed tomography-guided biopsy were performed; however, the diagnosis of renal pelvic cancer could not be made. Because the rectal cancer had been growing during the course of examination, he underwent five cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. The volumes of both the rectal cancer and renal pelvic tumor drastically decreased. He then underwent pelvic evisceration with colostomy and ureterocutaneostomy. The histological diagnosis of the renal pelvic tumor was urothelial carcinoma. He is free of disease at 12 months after the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing a remarkable response to fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan therapy for renal pelvic cancer. We suggest fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan is an effective therapy for patients with advanced urothelial cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujino
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan. uro061@osaka-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Taizo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenkichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanda
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Hayahito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Naokazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ibuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruhito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003125:Colostomy / Q000379:methods; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000473:pathology*; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D012074:Remission Induction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014519:Ureterostomy / Q000379:methods; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin
keywords: Case report; FOLFOXIRI; Fluorouracil; Irinotecan; Oxaliplatin; Upper tract urothelial carcinoma; Urothelial carcinoma