title: Association between fibromyalgia syndrome and peptic ulcer disease development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The correlation of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is unclear. We therefore conducted a cohort study to investigate whether FMS is correlated with an increased risk of PUD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we established an FMS cohort comprising 26068 patients aged more than 20 years who were diagnosed with FMS from 2000 to 2011. Furthermore, we established a control cohort by randomly choosing 104269 people without FMS who were matched to the FMS patients by gender, age, and index year. All patients were free of PUD at the baseline. Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed to compute the hazard ratio of PUD after adjustment for demographic characteristics and comorbidities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of comorbidities was significantly higher in the FMS patients than in the controls. The incidence of PUD was 29.8 and 19.4 per 1000 person-years in the FMS and control cohorts, respectively. In addition, the FMS cohort exhibited a 1.40-fold higher risk of PUD (95% confidence interval = 1.35-1.45) compared with the control cohort. After control for confounding factors, the medications (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and antidepressants) taken by the FMS patients did not increase the risk of PUD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FMS patients exhibit a higher risk of PUD than that of patients without FMS.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin-Kong Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Yang-Ming University and Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jia-Chi
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tseng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000150:complications*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors