title: A Study of salt and fat Consumption pattern in Regional Indian diet among hypertensive and dyslipidemic PaTients - SCRIPT study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular diseases are leading cause of mortality and morbidity. There is an increasing prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia due to globalization and adoption of westernized dietary habits in India. These transitions are manifest in dietary patterns and health outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the dietary salt and fat intake among patients diagnosed with hypertension and dyslipidemia in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  SCRIPT study was a pilot exploratory, cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, multi-center study. It was conducted across hospitals and clinics in five metro cities of India, represented into four regional zones. In each region (North, n = 113; East, n = 98; West, n = 83; South, n = 152), patients diagnosed with hypertension and dyslipidemia were enrolled in the study. Socio-demographic and treatment details were recorded. Participants were interviewed by a dietician and their dietary intake was assessed by a three-day recall of food item questionnaire/ food diary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall the mean total daily salt consumption was 10.9 grams. Region-wise, the mean daily salt consumption in North, East, West and South were 14.13, 9.81, 10.12 and 9.38 grams respectively. The daily salt consumption in the North was significantly higher than other regions (P=0.012). The daily consumption of saturated fats (total saturated fat, ghee and butter) in the North was higher and statistically significantly in comparison to West, South and East (P <0.05). Overall, fats contributed to 24.1%, proteins contributed to 12.7% and carbohydrate contributed to 63.2% of total energy per day. The percentage of fat and protein contributing to total energy per day was within the acceptable range.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study documented higher dietary salt intake than that recommended in India. There is an urgent need to address the issue of high salt and saturated fat consumption. Nutritional strategies for reducing salt intake, saturated fat and balancing energy nutrients should be urgently applied in Indian hypertensive and dyslipidemia patients.
authors.affiliation: Jay Anand Hospital and ICCU, Thane, Maharashtra.
authors.forename: Dayanand
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumbla
authors.affiliation: Bangalore Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka.
authors.forename: Mala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dharmalingam
authors.affiliation: Abbott Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra.
authors.forename: Kalpesh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dalvi
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal.
authors.forename: Saumitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.affiliation: MK's Heart Care, Mumbai, Maharashtra.
authors.forename: Mahesh K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: SG Diabetes clinic, Delhi.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: St. Thomas Mount Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadhanandham
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Thyroid and Endocrine Centre, Delhi.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ajmani
authors.affiliation: Care and Cure Medical Complex, Kolkata, West Bengal.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nag
authors.affiliation: Lifecare Clinic and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka.
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.affiliation: KM Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
authors.forename: Mohana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murugan
authors.affiliation: Abbott Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra.
authors.forename: Abhijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trailokya
authors.affiliation: Abbott Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra.
authors.forename: Tushar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fegade
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D050171:Dyslipidemias; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary