title: Neural mechanisms of oculomotor abnormalities in the infantile strabismus syndrome.
abstract: Infantile strabismus is characterized by numerous visual and oculomotor abnormalities. Recently nonhuman primate models of infantile strabismus have been established, with characteristics that closely match those observed in human patients. This has made it possible to study the neural basis for visual and oculomotor symptoms in infantile strabismus. In this review, we consider the available evidence for neural abnormalities in structures related to oculomotor pathways ranging from visual cortex to oculomotor nuclei. These studies provide compelling evidence that a disturbance of binocular vision during a sensitive period early in life, whatever the cause, results in a cascade of abnormalities through numerous brain areas involved in visual functions and eye movements.
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; mark.walton@wanprc.org.
authors.forename: Mark M G
authors.initials: MMG
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.|Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2310-4895
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pallus
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.|Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Jérome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fleuriet
authors.affiliation: Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.|Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.|Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mustari
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.|Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tarczy-Hornoch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005133:Eye Movements; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009802:Oculomotor Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology*; D065838:Oculomotor Nuclear Complex / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology; D013285:Strabismus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: neurophysiology; pursuit; saccade; strabismus; vision