title: Biodegradable and injectable thermoreversible xyloglucan based hydrogel for prevention of postoperative adhesion.
abstract: Peritoneal adhesion is very common after abdominal and pelvic surgery, which leads to a variety of severe complications. Although numerous pharmacological treatments and barrier-based devices have been investigated to minimize or prevent postoperative adhesion, the clinical efficacy is not very encouraging. In this work, a biodegradable and thermoreversible galactose modified xyloglucan (mXG) hydrogel was developed and the efficacy of mXG hydrogel in preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesion was investigated. The 4% (w/v) mXG solution was a free flowing sol at low temperature, but could rapidly convert into a physical hydrogel at body temperature without any extra additives or chemical reactions. In vitro cell tests showed that mXG hydrogel was non-toxic and could effectively resist the adhesion of fibroblasts. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo degradation experiments exhibited that mXG hydrogel was degradable and biocompatible. Finally, the rat model of sidewall defect-cecum abrasion was employed to evaluate the anti-adhesion efficacy of the mXG hydrogel. The results demonstrated that mXG hydrogel could effectively prevent postoperative peritoneal adhesion without side effects. The combination of suitable gel temperature, appropriate biodegradation period, and excellent postoperative anti-adhesion efficacy make mXG hydrogel a promising candidate for the prevention of postsurgical peritoneal adhesion.
  
  
  
  Despite numerous drugs or barrier-based devices have been developed to prevent postoperative adhesion, few solutions have proven to be uniformly effective in subsequent clinical trials. In the present study, we developed a biodegradable and thermoreversible galactose modified xyloglucan (mXG) hydrogel by green enzymatic reaction without using any organic reagents. The developed physical mXG hydrogel not only showed excellent injectability, appropriate gelation time and temperature, but also exhibited excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, mXG hydrogel was easy to handle and could effectively prevent postoperative adhesion without side effects in a rat model of sidewall defect-bowel abrasion. Our study provide a safe and effective postoperative anti-adhesion material which may have potential applications in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China.
authors.forename: Ershuai
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
authors.forename: Yuhang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China.
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Che
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
authors.forename: Bohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China.
authors.forename: Litao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China. Electronic address: xsun1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China. Electronic address: yaofanglian@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fanglian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014990:Xylans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D020100:Hydrogels; D014990:Xylans; C029353:xyloglucan
keywords: Adhesion prevention; Biodegradable; Modified xyloglucan; Postoperative adhesion; Thermoreversible hydrogel