title: Testing a Higher Order Model of Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior: The Role of Aggression Subtypes.
abstract: This study assessed how the forms and functions of aggression fit into a higher order model of internalizing and externalizing behavior, for children in early childhood (N = 332, M age = 47.11 months, SD = 7.32). The lower order internalizing factors were depressed affect, anxious-fearfulness, and asocial behavior (i.e., social withdrawal) and the lower order externalizing factors were deception and hyperactivity. The forms and functions of aggression were crossed to create four factors: reactive relational, reactive physical, proactive relational, and proactive physical aggression. Seven confirmatory factor models were tested. Results supported a two-factor externalizing model where reactive and proactive relational aggression and deception loaded on one externalizing factor and reactive and proactive physical aggression and hyperactivity loaded on another externalizing factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 478 Park Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260-4110, USA. kperry5@buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Kristin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 478 Park Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260-4110, USA.
authors.forename: Jamie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ostrov
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D001007:Anxiety; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D003863:Depression; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis; D008297:Male
keywords: Child psychopathology; Early childhood; Factor analysis; Physical aggression; Relational aggression