title: High-Throughput Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy of One-Dimensional Materials.
abstract: Direct visualization of one-dimensional (1D) materials under an optical microscope in ambient conditions is of great significance for their characterizations and applications. However, it is full of challenges to achieve such goal due to their relative small size (ca. 1 nm in diameter) in the optical-diffraction-limited laser spot (ca. 1 μm in diameter). In this Concept article, we introduce a polarization-based optical homodyne detection method that can be used as a general strategy to obtain high-throughput, real-time, optical imaging and in situ spectroscopy of polarization-inhomogeneous 1D materials. We will use carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as an example to demonstrate the applications of such characterization with respect to the absorption signal of individual nanotubes, real-time imaging of individual nanotubes in devices, and statistical structure information of nanotube arrays.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fengrui
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Advanced Light Source Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Kaihui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: carbon nanotubes; homodyne detection; materials science; one-dimensional materials; optical imaging; polarization microscopy