title: Impact of Playing Exergames on Mood States: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: To examine how playing exergames impacts the mood states of university students and staff, and whether such an impact depends on gender and players' previous exercise time. This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. It enrolled 337 participants and randomly assigned them to an intervention group (n = 168) or a control group (n = 167). A 2-week exergame program was designed for the participants in the intervention group. They were required to play exergames for 30 consecutive minutes each week for 2 weeks and respond to the items measuring vigor, happiness, and perceived stress. All measures were administered before and after the study. Repeated measures analysis of variances were conducted. Playing exergames enhanced vigor and happiness for participants in the intervention group. This group exhibited more positive change in vigor and happiness than the control group. This effect of playing exergames was not moderated by gender, age, occupation (student or staff), or previous exercise time. Playing exergames may induce positive mood states among university students and staff.
authors.affiliation: 1 Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Han-Chung
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 2 Taoyuan Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan .
authors.forename: May-Kuen
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: 3 Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Ya-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Industrial and Business Management, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Hsin-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Industrial and Business Management, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan .|5 Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan .|6 Department of Business and Management, Ming Chi University , Taipei, Taiwan .
authors.forename: Ching-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion; D018910:Video Games / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: exergame; happiness; perceived stress; randomized controlled trial; vigor