title: Intraoperative Factors that Predict the Successful Placement of Essure Microinserts.
abstract: To determine whether the number of coils visualized in the uterotubal junction at the end of hysteroscopic microinsert placement predicts successful tubal occlusion.
  
  
  
  Cohort retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).
  
  
  
  Department of obstetrics and gynecology in a teaching hospital.
  
  
  
  One hundred fifty-three women underwent tubal microinsert placement for permanent birth control from 2010 through 2014. The local institutional review board approved this study.
  
  
  
  Three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D TVU) was routinely performed 3 months after hysteroscopic microinsert placement to check position in the fallopian tube.
  
  
  
  The correlation between the number of coils visible at the uterotubal junction at the end of the hysteroscopic microinsert placement procedure and the device position on the 3-month follow-up 3D TVU in 141 patients was evaluated. The analysis included 276 microinserts placed during hysteroscopy. The median number of coils visible after the hysteroscopic procedure was 4 (interquartile range, 3-5). Devices for 30 patients (21.3%) were incorrectly positioned according to the 3-month follow-up 3D TVU, and hysterosalpingography was recommended. In those patients the median number of coils was in both the right (interquartile range, 2-4) and left (interquartile range, 1-3) uterotubal junctions. The number of coils visible at the uterotubal junction at the end of the placement procedure was the only factor that predicted whether the microinsert was well positioned at the 3-month 3D TVU confirmation (odds ratio, .44; 95% confidence interval, .28-.63). When 5 or more coils were visible, no incorrectly placed microinsert could be seen on the follow-up 3D TVU; the negative predictive value was 100%. No pregnancies were reported.
  
  
  
  The number of coils observed at the uterotubal junction at the time of microinsert placement should be considered a significant predictive factor of accurate and successful microinsert placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital Center of Tours, Tours, France; Inserm UMR930, François Rabelais University, Tours, France; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Nantes, France. Electronic address: chloearthuis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chloé J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Arthuis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital Center of Tours, Tours, France; Inserm UMR930, François Rabelais University, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital Center of Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital Center of Tours, Tours, France; Inserm UMR930, François Rabelais University, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marret
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000379:methods; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: 3D transvaginal ultrasound; Essure microinsert; Hysterosalpingography; Hysteroscopic tubal obstruction