title: Knockdown of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 39 inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cells and induced apoptosis in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ubiquitin specific peptidase 39 (USP39), an essential factor in the assembly of the mature spliceosome complex, has an aberrant expression in several cancer. However, its function and the corresponding mechanism on human osteosarcoma has not been fully explored yet.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mRNA and DNA copies of USP39 were increased in osteosarcoma cancer tissues compared with the one in human normal tissues according to datasets from the publicly available Oncomine database. A further western blot analysis also demonstrated an aberrant endogenous expression of USP39 in three different osteosarcoma cells. Then lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was designed to silence USP39 in human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS, which is used to test the impact of USP39-silencing on cellular proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Knockdown of USP39 expression in U2OS cell significantly decreased cell proliferation, impaired colony formation ability. A further analysis indicated suppression of USP39 arrested cell cycle progression at G2/M phase via p21 dependent way. In addition, the results of Annexin V/7-AAD staining suggested the knockdown of USP39 could promote U2OS cell apoptosis through PARP cleavage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results uncover the critical role of USP39 in regulating cancer cell mitosis and indicate USP39 is critical for osteosarcoma tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200223, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200223, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200223, China.
authors.forename: Shuchen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200223, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200223, China.
authors.forename: Zan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200223, China. daliu_min@163.com.
authors.forename: Daliu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Min
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay; D064570:Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C579218:USP39 protein, human; D064570:Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases
keywords: Cell cycle; Migration; Osteosarcoma; Proliferation; USP39