title: Shaping the cellular landscape with Set2/SETD2 methylation.
abstract: Chromatin structure is a major barrier to gene transcription that must be disrupted and re-set during each round of transcription. Central to this process is the Set2/SETD2 methyltransferase that mediates co-transcriptional methylation to histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me). Studies reveal that H3K36me not only prevents inappropriate transcriptional initiation from arising within gene bodies, but that it has other conserved functions that include the repair of damaged DNA and regulation of pre-mRNA splicing. Consistent with the importance of Set2/SETD2 in chromatin biology, mutations of SETD2, or mutations at or near H3K36 in H3.3, have recently been found to underlie cancer development. This review will summarize the latest insights into the functions of Set2/SETD2 in genome regulation and cancer development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: McDaniel
authors.affiliation: Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. brian_strahl@med.unc.edu.|Department of Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. brian_strahl@med.unc.edu.|Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. brian_strahl@med.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4947-6259
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Strahl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair; D056488:Histone Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D000072417:Protein Domains; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D056488:Histone Chaperones; D006657:Histones; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; C521636:SETD2 protein, human
keywords: Cryptic transcription; H3K36 methylation; Histone; SETD2; Set2; Transcriptional regulation