title: Advances in the Immunobiological Therapies for Advanced Melanoma.
abstract: Metastatic or locally advanced unresectable melanoma carries a high morbidity and mortality. However, notable advances have been made in recent years in the systemic treatment of this disease, with the appearance of targeted therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors that block the mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, and of modern immunotherapy with immune-modulating monoclonal antibodies. In this paper, we provide an update of available data on new immune therapies and we review the clinical development that led to their approval for use in routine clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pérez Gago
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saavedra Santa Gadea
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España. Electronic address: ldelacruzmerino@gmail.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de la Cruz-Merino
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors
keywords: Anti-CTLA4; Anti-PD1; Antibodies; Anticuerpos; Immunomodulators; Inmunomoduladores; Melanoma