title: Atrial Fibrillation Detection via Accelerometer and Gyroscope of a Smartphone.
abstract: We present a smartphone-only solution for the detection of atrial fibrillation (AFib), which utilizes the built-in accelerometer and gyroscope sensors [inertial measurement unit, (IMU)] in the detection. Depending on the patient's situation, it is possible to use the developed smartphone application either regularly or occasionally for making a measurement of the subject. The smartphone is placed on the chest of the patient who is adviced to lay down and perform a noninvasive recording, while no external sensors are needed. After that, the application determines whether the patient suffers from AFib or not. The presented method has high potential to detect paroxysmal ("silent") AFib from large masses. In this paper, we present the preprocessing, feature extraction, feature analysis, and classification results of the envisioned AFib detection system based on clinical data acquired with a standard mobile phone equipped with Google Android OS. Test data was gathered from 16 AFib patients (validated against ECG), as well as a control group of 23 healthy individuals with no diagnosed heart diseases. We obtained an accuracy of 97.4% in AFib versus healthy classification (a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 100%). Due to the wide availability of smart devices/sensors with embedded IMU, the proposed methods could potentially also scale to other domains such as embedded body-sensor networks.
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lahdenoja
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hurnanen
authors.forename: Zuhair
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iftikhar
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knuutila
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraste
authors.forename: Tuomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kiviniemi
authors.forename: Tuija
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vasankari
authors.forename: Juhani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Airaksinen
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pankaala
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koivisto
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D000465:Algorithms; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001450:Ballistocardiography; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D000068997:Smartphone; D000069553:Supervised Machine Learning; D013909:Thorax / Q000502:physiology