title: M2-polarized tumour-associated macrophages in stroma correlate with poor prognosis and Epstein-Barr viral infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: To assess the relationships between CD163 expression, localization of CD163+macrophages, clinicopathological features and prognosis of NPC.
  
  
  
  A total of 110 cases of NPC specimens and 80 cases of nasopharyngitis specimens were analysed for CD163 expression by immunohistochemistry and EBERs expression in situ hybridization.
  
  
  
  CD163 + macrophages in the tumour stroma were positively correlated with the tumour and nodal stage. Higher expression of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs) in the nuclei of tumour cells was associated with higher density of CD163 + macrophages in the tumour stroma. More importantly, greater infiltration of CD163 + macrophages in the tumour stroma was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and poor progression-free survival (PFS). Multivariate analysis revealed that the density of CD163+macrophages in the tumour stroma may be an independent risk factor for NPC prognosis.
  
  
  
  Increased infiltration of CD163+macrophages in the tumour stroma correlates with worse outcomes and with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection status of tumour cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Haoran
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: b Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China.
authors.forename: Feipeng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: c Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) Laboratory, School of Public Health , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Mengwen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xiangping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface
keywords: CD163; Epstein–Barr virus; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; prognosis; tumour-associated macrophages