title: Evolution of the endomembrane systems of trypanosomatids - conservation and specialisation.
abstract: Parasite surfaces support multiple functions required for survival within their hosts, and maintenance and functionality of the surface depends on membrane trafficking. To understand the evolutionary history of trypanosomatid trafficking, where multiple lifestyles and mechanisms of host interactions are known, we examined protein families central to defining intracellular compartments and mediating transport, namely Rabs, SNAREs and RabGAPs, across all available Euglenozoa genomes. Bodonids possess a large trafficking repertoire, which is mainly retained by theTrypanosoma cruzigroup, with extensive losses in other lineages, particularly African trypanosomes and phytomonads. There are no large-scale expansions or contractions from an inferred ancestor, excluding direct associations between parasitism or host range. However, we observe stepwise secondary losses within Rab and SNARE cohorts (but not RabGAPs). Major changes are associated with endosomal and late exocytic pathways, consistent with the diversity in surface proteomes between trypanosomatids and mechanisms of interaction with the host. Along with the conserved core family proteins, several lineage-specific members of the Rab (but not SNARE) family were found. Significantly, testing predictions of SNARE complex composition by proteomics confirms generalised retention of function across eukaryotes.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.|Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PQ, UK.
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
authors.forename: Cordula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
authors.forename: Lael D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Barlow
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
authors.forename: Nerissa N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Nankissoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PQ, UK.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 6JP, UK.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
authors.forename: Joel B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dacks
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK mfield@mac.com.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4866-2885
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Field
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D017124:Conserved Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D004705:Endocytosis; D056898:Euglenozoa; D005089:Exocytosis; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016678:Genome; D058507:Host Specificity; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D021381:Protein Transport; D040901:Proteomics; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: Molecular evolution; Proteomics; Rab; SNARE; TBC domain; Trafficking; Trypanosoma