title: Sensitivity and Kinetics of an NS1-Based Zika Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Zika Virus-Infected Travelers from Israel, the Czech Republic, Italy, Belgium, Germany, and Chile.
abstract: Serological diagnosis of Zika virus is challenging due to high cross-reactivity of Zika virus with other flavivirus antibodies. Recently, a Zika NS1-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and shown to be highly specific for Zika antibody detection; however, sensitivity was evaluated for only a small number of confirmed Zika-infected patients. In this study, we measured the sensitivity and kinetics of Zika IgM and IgG antibodies using the Zika NS1-based ELISA in 105 samples from 63 returning travelers infected with Zika virus (proven by PCR or neutralization assay) from Israel, Czech Republic, Italy, Belgium, Germany, and Chile. Zika virus IgM was detected from 2 to 42 days post-symptom onset (PSO) with an overall sensitivity of 79% in the first month and 68% until 2 months PSO, while IgG antibodies were detected from 5 days to 3 years PSO with 79% sensitivity. Interestingly, significant differences in IgM sensitivity and IgM detection period were observed between Israeli and European/Chilean Zika-infected travelers, adding to the complexity of Zika infection diagnosis and suggesting that other diagnostic methods should be complemented to reduce false-negative results.
authors.affiliation: Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel yaniv.lustig@sheba.health.gov.il.
authors.forename: Yaniv
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lustig
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic.|University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zelena
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulietta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Venturi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Esbroeck
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rothe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perret
authors.affiliation: Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Ravit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koren
authors.affiliation: Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Shiri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katz-Likvornik
authors.affiliation: Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Ella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mendelson
authors.affiliation: Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.|Institute of Tropical & Travel Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002677:Chile; D000076263:Communicable Diseases, Imported / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014195:Travel; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult; D000071243:Zika Virus Infection / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; C000621601:NS1 protein, zika virus; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins
keywords: ELISA; NS1; Zika; sensitivity; travelers