title: Smoking and lung cancer risk in Sri Lankan men: a case-control study
abstract: Tobacco smoking is the strongest risk factor for
  lung cancer. As the strength of association of smoking and
  lung cancer in Sri Lanka has not been estimated, a study
  was conducted to estimate the risk of lung cancer among
  adult male smokers in the Colombo District.
  
  
  
  A case control study was carried out among 62
  newly diagnosed male lung cancer patients from the
  Colombo District presenting to National Cancer Institute,
  Maharagama. Four controls per case were randomly
  selected from the same Grama Niladhari area matching
  the age of the cases within 10 years. Absence of lung cancer
  was clinically confirmed in the controls. Information on
  smoking, other potential risk factors and confounders were
  obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire.
  Univariate analysis and logistic regression identified the risk
  factors.
  
  
  
  After adjustment for confounding variables, ever
  smokers odds of having lung cancer compared to never
  smokers OR 10.74 (95% CI 3.54-32.59) . Lower educ ation
  level (OR=5.61, 95% CI 2.37-13.28), ever exposed to
  X-rays (OR=2.81, 95% CI 1.14-6.94) and a family history
  of any cancer (OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.09-7.30) were other
  significant risk factors. The population attributable risk
  percent (PAR%) showed that 84.04% of the male lung
  cancer cases are attributed to smoking.
  
  
  
  Smoking and exposure to X-rays were risk
  factor for lung cancer among adult males in the Colombo
  District.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka.  pubudu.chulasiri@gmail.com>.
authors.forename: P U
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Chulasiri
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Gunawardana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Silva