title: Bioprocessing of tea oil fruit hull with acetic acid organosolv pretreatment in combination with alkaline H2O2.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a natural renewable biomass, the tea oil fruit hull (TOFH) mainly consists of lignocellulose, together with some bioactive substances. Our earlier work constructed a two-stage solvent-based process, including one aqueous ethanol organosolv extraction and an atmospheric glycerol organosolv (AGO) pretreatment, for bioprocessing of the TOFH into diverse bioproducts. However, the AGO pretreatment is not as selective as expected in removing the lignin from TOFH, resulting in the limited delignification and simultaneously high cellulose loss.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, acetic acid organosolv (AAO) pretreatment was optimized with experimental design to fractionate the TOFH selectively. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment was used for further delignification. Results indicate that the AAO-AHP pretreatment had an extremely good selectivity at component fractionation, resulting in 92% delignification and 88% hemicellulose removal, with 87% cellulose retention. The pretreated substrate presented a remarkable enzymatic hydrolysis of 85% for 48 h at a low cellulase loading of 3 FPU/g dry mass. The hydrolyzability was correlated with the composition and structure of substrates by using scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mild AAO-AHP pretreatment is an environmentally benign and advantageous scheme for biorefinery of the agroforestry biomass into value-added bioproducts.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China.|State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004 China.
authors.forename: Rukuan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China.
authors.forename: Fubao Fuelbiol
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004 China.
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004 China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China.|Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 China.
authors.forename: Zhongyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia.
authors.forename: Zhanying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004 China.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004 China.
authors.forename: Changzhu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, 410004 China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Acetic acid; Alkaline H2O2; Delignification; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Mild pretreatment; Tea oil fruit hull