title: The lived experience of behaviours of concern: A qualitative study of men with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Behaviours of Concern (BoC) are a debilitating consequence of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Whilst perspectives of clinicians, carers and family members on BoC have been previously explored, few qualitative studies have included individuals with TBI. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of BoC in individuals with TBI, their close others and clinicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven males with TBI and BoC were recruited and 25 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted (9 individuals with TBI, 9 close others, 7 clinicians). A six-phase thematic analysis approach was utilised.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequent and persistent BoC were reported and the key themes identified included the brain injury, control, environment, mood, identity, social relationships, and meaningful participation. Whilst the brain injury contributed to BoC in all cases, the way the other themes manifested and interacted was variable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study enriches our understanding of factors associated with BoC. Themes emerging from this study will inform interventions designed to reduce BoC and ultimately maximise quality of life for individuals with TBI and their families.
authors.affiliation: a Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre , Epworth Healthcare , Melbourne , Australia.|b Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Kate Rachel
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.affiliation: a Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre , Epworth Healthcare , Melbourne , Australia.|b Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Amelia J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1152-0576
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.affiliation: c Department of Psychiatry , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hopwood
authors.affiliation: d Recover Injury Research Centre and School of Psychology , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9475-8450
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kenardy
authors.affiliation: c Department of Psychiatry , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Iveta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krivonos
authors.affiliation: e School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Narelle
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2623-4078
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.affiliation: a Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre , Epworth Healthcare , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Jennie L
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0430-125X
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ponsford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000066553:Problem Behavior; D036301:Qualitative Research
keywords: Traumatic brain injury; behaviours of concern; challenging behaviour; community rehabilitation; qualitative design