title: Psychotic Symptoms Associated with Poor Renal Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementias.
abstract: Patients suffering from cognitive decline such as mild cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's dementia, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and Lewy body dementia are often accompanied by symptoms like psychosis, depression, agitation, and apathy. Aging increases not only the prevalence of dementia but also the development of kidney disorders, which had emerged as possible risk factor of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, a contribution of renal dysfunction to psychosis associated with cognitive decline remains to be investigated. We addressed the question whether patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or dementia and co-symptoms show alterations in serum parameters. Analyzing 309 patients in total, we detected a positive correlation between the occurrence of psychotic symptoms and increased retention parameters in serum, including creatinine and urea levels and the estimated glomerular filtration rates. This was in particular detected in female patients. In male patients, psychotic symptoms were associated with an increased number of leukocytes in blood. We propose that clinicians should be aware of psychotic symptoms in patients with reduced cognitive functions that could be associated with changes in the retention parameters.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kunschmann
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Busse
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frodl
authors.forename: Mandy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Busse
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003704:Dementia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Dementia; estimated glomerular filtration rate; mild cognitive impairment; poor renal function; psychotic symptoms