title: Pesticide residues in nut-planted soils of China and their relationship between nut/soil.
abstract: Twenty-nine pesticide residues in nut-planted soils from China were investigated. One organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) was detected in 5.3% soils, and the residue levels of 7.2 μg/kg to 77.2 μg/kg. The concentrations of six organochlorines (DDT, HCH, endosulfan, quintozene, aldrin and dieldrin) detected in 78.9% soils were 0.6 μg/kg to 90.1 μg/kg. The residue levels of six pyrethroids (bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin) detected in 65.8% soils were 1.5 μg/kg to 884.3 μg/kg. Triadimefon and buprofezin were found in 71.1% and 52.6% samples, respectively, with the corresponding concentrations of 9.8 μg/kg to 193.7 μg/kg and 87.9 μg/kg to 807.4 μg/kg. The multiple residues were found in 76.3% soils. A significant correlation between pesticide residues in nuts and soils was observed, with the correlation coefficient (r) 0.83 (P < 0.001). In addition, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for the explanation of pesticides from soils into nuts were ranged from 0.8 to 16.5. The results showed that some pesticides could accumulate in nut by the uptake effect from soil.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
authors.forename: Yongxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
authors.forename: Runhong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Testing Center for Food Safety of Fuyang District of Hangzhou, Fuyang 311400, China.
authors.forename: Xinyue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
authors.forename: Donglian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
authors.forename: Fubin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
authors.forename: Caifen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China. Electronic address: liuyh@caf.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000032:analysis; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis; D009570:Nitriles; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009570:Nitriles; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C017160:cypermethrin; C017180:decamethrin; C099952:bifenthrin; C044267:fenpropathrin; D004026:Dieldrin; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D004726:Endosulfan; C037304:cyhalothrin; C017690:fenvalerate
keywords: Nut; Pesticide residue; Relationship; Soil