title: Susceptibility to 18 drugs and multidrug resistance of Arcobacter isolates from different sources within the Czech Republic.
abstract: Arcobacter spp. are considered to be potential foodborne pathogens, and consumption of contaminated food containing these bacteria could endanger human and animal health. Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus are the species most frequently isolated from food of animal origin and from other samples. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of arcobacters isolated in the Czech Republic. No information about antibiotic susceptibility and multidrug resistance of arcobacters isolated in the Czech Republic is available in the literature before now.
  
  
  
  The antimicrobial resistance of A. butzleri (n=80) and A. cryaerophilus (n=20) isolated from meat of animal origin, water sources and clinical samples was examined by the disk diffusion method.
  
  
  
  Arcobacters were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents in 99% (99/100) of tested isolates. Most of the Arcobacter isolates were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, i.e. ampicillin (81.0%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (28.0%), cefalotin (73.0%) and aztreonam (93.0%). Arcobacters were also frequently resistant to lincosamides, i.e. clindamycin (98.0%). Of the aminoglycosides, amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin were evaluated to be the most effective antibiotics among those tested against arcobacters.
  
  
  
  These results demonstrate substantial resistance in Arcobacter isolates to 18 antimicrobial agents commonly used in medical and veterinary medicine. Multidrug resistance was found in 93.8% (75/80) of A. butzleri isolates and 70.0% (14/20) of A. cryaerophilus isolates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic. Electronic address: David.Silha@upce.cz.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Šilha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pejchalová
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Šilhová
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020640:Arcobacter / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018153:Czech Republic; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005516:Food Microbiology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiogram; Antibiotic; Antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Arcobacter spp.; Susceptibility