title: Flexoelectric in-plane switching (IPS) mode with ultra-high-transmittance, low-voltage, low-frequency, and a flicker-free image.
abstract: The demands for a power-saving mode for displaying static images are ubiquitous not only in portable devices but also in price tags and advertising panels. At a low-frequency driving in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) for low-power consumption, the flexoelectric effect arises even in calamitic liquid crystals and the optical appearance of this physical phenomenon is found to be unusually large, being noticed as an image-flickering. Although the inherent integrated optical transmittance of in-plane switching (IPS) mode is relatively lower than that of fringe-field switching (FFS) mode, the IPS mode shows no static image-flickering but an optical spike (the so-called optical bounce), at the transient moment between signal positive and negative frames. Here, we demonstrate an IPS mode using negative dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystals (Δε < 0) and fine-patterned electrodes (the width w of and the space l between electrodes ≤ 3 μm) with reduced operation voltage (up to 40.7% to a conventional FFS mode with Δε < 0), reduced optical bounce (up to 4.4%. to a conventional FFS mode with Δε < 0) and enhanced transmittance (up to 32.1% to a conventional IPS mode with Δε > 0). We believe the result will contribute not only to the scientific understanding of the optical appearance of flexoelectric effect but also pave the way for engineering of a superior low-power consumption LCD.
authors.forename: MinSu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyeong Gyun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: Han-Sol
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.forename: Deng-Ke
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Joong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee