title: Expression of estrogen receptors and androgen receptor and their clinical significance in gastric cancer.
abstract: Despite the mounting studies exploring the role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and androgen receptor (AR) in gastric cancer (GC), there remain controversies in those findings. The present study investigated the expression of ERα, ERβ and AR in Chinese gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry, analyzed their clinical relevance in gastric cancer, and examined the potential mechanisms by which ERα and AR modulated GC progression. The positive rate of ERα, ERβ and AR in GC tissues was 6% (9/150), 93.5% (143/153), and 42.4% (59/139), respectively. The expression of ERα was an independent unfavorable risk factor for overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.639, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.432-9.246, p = 0.007) for GC patients. Moreover, AR was borderline significantly associated with poor progress free survival (PFS) after adjustment with other variables (HR = 1.573, 95% CI = 0.955-2.592, p = 0.075). Knockdown of ERα inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells possibly via modulating the expression of p53, p21, p27, cyclin D1 and E-cadherin. Downregulation of AR suppressed the migration and invasion of GC cells and inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated pathways.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that positive ERα was associated with poor prognosis of Chinese GC patients. ERα might modulate the proliferation, migration and invasion via regulating the expression of p53, p21, p27, cyclin D1 and E-cadherin. ERα could be a valuable prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target for Chinese GC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rujiao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Minjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China.|Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen
keywords: androgen receptor; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; estrogen receptor; gastric cancer