title: Production of Zr-89 using sputtered yttrium coin targets89Zr using sputtered yttrium coin targets.
abstract: An increasing interest in zirconium-89 (89Zr) can be attributed to the isotope's half-life which is compatible with antibody imaging using positron emission tomography (PET). The goal of this work was to develop an efficient means of production for89Zr that provides this isotope with high radionuclidic purity and specific activity. We investigated the irradiation of yttrium sputtered niobium coins and compared the yields and separation efficiency to solid yttrium coins. The sputtered coins were irradiated with an incident beam energy of 17.5MeV or 17.8MeV providing a degraded transmitted energy through an aluminum degrader of 12.5MeV or 12.8MeV, respectively, with various currents to determine optimal cyclotron conditions for89Zr production. Dissolution of the solid yttrium coin took 2h with 50mL of 2M HCl and dissolution of the sputtered coin took 15-30min with 4mL of 2M HCl. During the separation of89Zr from the solid yttrium coins, 77.9 ± 11.2% of the activity was eluted off in an average of 7.3mL of 1M oxalic acid whereas for the sputtered coins, 91 ± 6% was eluted off in an average of 1.2mL of 1M oxalic acid with 100% radionuclidic purity. The effective specific activity determined via DFO-SCN titration from the sputtered coins was 108±7mCi/μmol as compared to 20.3mCi/μmol for the solid yttrium coin production. ICP-MS analysis of the yttrium coin and the sputtered coins showed 99.99% yttrium removed with 178μg of yttrium in the final solution and 99.93-100% of yttrium removed with remaining range of 0-42μg of yttrium in the final solution, respectively. The specific activity calculated for the solid coin and 3 different sputtered coins using the concentration of Zr found via ICP-MS was 140±2mCi/μmol, 300±30mCi/μmol, 410±60mCi/μmol and 1719±5mCi/μmol, respectively. Labeling yields of the89Zr produced via sputtered targets for89Zr- DFO-trastuzumab were >98%. Overall, these results show the irradiation of yttrium sputtered niobium coins is a highly effective means for the production of89Zr.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: Stacy Lee
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Queern
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: Tolulope Aramide
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Aweda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: Adriana Vidal Fernandes
authors.initials: AVF
authors.lastname: Massicano
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas Ashby
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Clanton
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: Retta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: El Sayed
authors.affiliation: Advanced Cyclotron Systems, Inc., Richmond, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Jayden Andrew
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.affiliation: Advanced Cyclotron Systems, Inc., Richmond, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zyuzin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA. Electronic address: lapi@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Suzanne Elizabeth
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lapi
mesh_terms: D017357:Cyclotrons; D011854:Radiochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015019:Yttrium / Q000737:chemistry*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D015019:Yttrium; D015040:Zirconium; C000615502:Zirconium-89
keywords: Degrader; Isotope production; Sputtered coins; Yttrium; Zirconium-88; Zirconium-89