title: Energy expenditure, metabolic power and high speed activity during linear and multi-directional running.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to compare measures of energy expenditure derived from indirect calorimetry and micro-technology, as well as high power and high speed activity during linear and multi-directional running.
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeated measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve university standard team sport players completed a linear and multi-directional running condition. Estimated energy expenditure, as well as time at high speed (>14.4kmh-1) and high power (>20Wkg-1) were quantified using a 10Hz micro-technology device and compared with energy expenditure derived from indirect calorimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measured energy expenditure was higher during the multi-directional condition (9.0±2.0 cf. 5.9±1.4kcalmin-1), whereas estimated energy expenditure was higher during the linear condition (8.7±2.1 cf. 6.5±1.5kcalmin-1). Whilst measures of energy expenditure were strongly related (r>0.89, p<0.001), metabolic power underestimated energy expenditure by 52% (95% LoA: 20-93%) and 34% (95% LoA: 12-59%) during the multi-directional and linear condition, respectively. Time at high power was 41% (95% LoA: 4-92%) greater than time at high speed during the multi-directional condition, whereas time at high power was 5% (95% LoA: -17-9%) lower than time at high speed during the linear condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estimated energy expenditure and time at high metabolic power can reflect changes in internal load. However, micro-technology cannot be used to determine the energy cost of intermittent running.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, United Kingdom. Electronic address: c.oxendale@chester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Chelsea L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Oxendale
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Highton
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Twist
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect / Q000379:methods; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Acceleration; GPS; Internal load; Physical demands; Team sports