title: Cavernous Malformation Associated With Arterialized Developmental Venous Anomaly: A Case Report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Formation of cavernous malformations (CMs) has been recognized to be associated with developmental venous anomaly (DVA) by many authors. Hemodynamic stress due to venous outflow restriction could be hypothesized as a cause. On the other hand, a rare subgroup of DVA with an arterial component has been reported as likely to hemorrhage or be symptomatic. Cases of arterialized DVAs reported previously have not been associated with the presence of CM.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present herein a case report of arterialized DVA in the brainstem with repeated cerebellar hemorrhage. The 49-year-old patient was treated with surgical evacuation of hematoma. A surgical specimen from the hematoma cavity demonstrated CMs on histological examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of CM associated with an arterialized DVA. In addition to venous congestion due to outflow obstruction, bleeding from the arterial component of the DVA might be considered as a cause of CM formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakase
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Motoyama
authors.affiliation: Pathology, Nara Medical Unive-rsity, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Tokiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Young-Su
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Pathology, Nara Medical Unive-rsity, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiho
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohbayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakase
mesh_terms: D001933:Brain Stem / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000150:complications*; D020786:Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000150:complications; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged
keywords: Arterialized developmental venous anomaly; Cavernous malformation; Intracerebral hemorrhage