title: Gametocidal Factor Transferred fromAegilops geniculataRoth Can Be Adapted for Large-Scale Chromosome Manipulations in Cereals.
abstract: Segregation distorters are curious, evolutionarily selfish genetic elements, which distort Mendelian segregation in their favor at the expense of others. Those agents include gametocidal factors (Gc), which ensure their preferential transmission by triggering damages in cells lacking them via chromosome break induction. Hence, we hypothesized that the gametocidal system can be adapted for chromosome manipulations betweenTriticumandSecalechromosomes in hexaploid triticale (×TriticosecaleWittmack). In this work we studied the little-known gametocidal action of a Gc factor located onAegilops geniculataRoth chromosome 4Mg. Our results indicate that the initiation of the gametocidal action takes place at anaphase II of meiosis of pollen mother cells. Hence, we induced androgenesis at postmeiotic pollen divisions (via anther cultures) in monosomic 4Mgaddition plants of hexaploid triticale (AABBRR) followed by production of doubled haploids, to maintain the chromosome aberrations caused by the gametocidal action. This approach enabled us to obtain a large number of plants with two copies of particular chromosome translocations, which were identified by the use of cytomolecular methods. We obtained 41 doubled haploid triticale lines and 17 of them carried chromosome aberrations that included plants with the following chromosome sets: 40T+Dt2RS+Dt2RL (5 lines), 40T+N2R (1), 38T+D4RS.4BL (3), 38T+D5BS-5BL.5RL (5), and 38T+D7RS.3AL (3). The results show that the application of the Gc mechanism in combination with production of doubled haploid lines provides a sufficiently large population of homozygous doubled haploid individuals with two identical copies of translocation chromosomes. In our opinion, this approach will be a valuable tool for the production of novel plant material, which could be used for gene tracking studies, genetic mapping, and finally to enhance the diversity of cereals.
authors.affiliation: Cereal Genomics Team, Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kwiatek
authors.affiliation: Cereal Genomics Team, Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiśniewska
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Team, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Aurelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ślusarkiewicz-Jarzina
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics and Molecular Physiology of Plants Team, Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Majka
authors.affiliation: Cereal Genomics Team, Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majka
authors.affiliation: Cereal Genomics Team, Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belter
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Team, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznań, Poland; Cytogenetics and Molecular Physiology of Plants Team, Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pudelska
keywords: Aegilops geniculata; androgenesis; chromosome aberrations; doubled haploids; gametocidal factor; meiosis; segregation distortion; triticale