title: A full life-cycle bioassay with Cantareus aspersus shows reproductive effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide suggesting potential endocrine disruption.
abstract: A full life-cycle (240 days) bioassay using the terrestrial snail, Cantareus aspersus, allowing exposure during embryogenesis and/or the growth and reproduction phases, was used to assess the effects of Bypass®, a glyphosate-based herbicide (GlyBH), on a range of endpoints, including parameters under endocrine control. As a positive control, a mixture (R-A) made of diquat (Reglone®) and nonylphenols (NP, Agral®), known for its endocrine disrupting effects in other organisms, was tested. At environmental concentrations, both pesticides (R-A mixture and GlyBH) enhanced growth but reduced reproduction. The R-A mixture acted mainly on the fecundity through a delay in egg-laying of approximately 20 days and a strongly reduced number of clutches. This latter dysfunction may be caused by a permanent eversion of the penis, suggesting a disrupting effect at the neuro-endocrine level, which prevented normal mating. GlyBH acted on fertility, possibly due to a decrease in the fertilization of eggs laid by adults exposed during their embryonic development. These results, associated with the absence of observed effects on gonad histology of GlyBH exposed snails, suggested that the underlying mechanisms are neuro-endocrine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249 usc INRA, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France. Electronic address: coline.druart@wanadoo.fr.
authors.forename: Coline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Druart
authors.affiliation: Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249 usc INRA, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gimbert
authors.affiliation: Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249 usc INRA, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scheifler
authors.affiliation: Department of Chrono-Environment, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249 usc INRA, 16 route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Vaufleury
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D006066:Gonads / Q000187:drug effects; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D008297:Male; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012908:Snails / Q000502:physiology*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D000097797:Glyphosate
keywords: Diquat; Endocrine disruption; Fertility; Nonylphenol; Pesticide; Sublethal effects