title: High-Dietary Alpha-Tocopherol or Mixed Tocotrienols Have No Effect on Bone Mass, Density, or Turnover in Male Rats During Skeletal Maturation.
abstract: High levels of alpha-tocopherol, the usual vitamin E supplement, are reported to decrease bone mass in rodents; however, the effects of other vitamin E forms on the skeleton are unknown. To test the hypothesis that high intakes of various vitamin E forms or the vitamin E metabolite, carboxyethyl hydroxy chromanol, were detrimental to bone status, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6 per group, 11-week males) for 18 weeks consumed semipurified diets that contained adequate alpha-tocopherol, high alpha-tocopherol (500 mg/kg diet), or 50% Tocomin (250 mg mixed tocopherols and tocotrienols/kg diet). Vitamin E status was evaluated by measuring plasma, liver, and bone marrow vitamin E concentrations. Bone density, microarchitecture (cross-sectional volume, cortical volume, marrow volume, cortical thickness, and cancellous bone volume fraction, trabecular number, thickness, and spacing), and cancellous bone formation were assessed in the tibia using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, microcomputed tomography, and histomorphometry, respectively. In addition, serum osteocalcin was assessed as a global marker of bone turnover; gene expression in response to treatment was evaluated in the femur using targeted (osteogenesis related) gene profiling. No significant differences were detected between treatment groups for any of the bone endpoints measured. Vitamin E supplementation, either as alpha-tocopherol or mixed tocotrienols, while increasing vitamin E concentrations both in plasma and tissues, had no effect on the skeleton in rats.
authors.affiliation: 1 Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Tennant
authors.affiliation: 1 Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.affiliation: 2 Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Carmen P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: 2 Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Urszula T
authors.initials: UT
authors.lastname: Iwaniec
authors.affiliation: 2 Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Russell T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: 1 Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Maret G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Traber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024508:Tocotrienols; D015675:Osteocalcin; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol
keywords: carboxyethyl hydroxy chromanol (CEHC); dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; histomorphometry; microcomputed tomography; skeleton; tocopherols; tocotrienols