title: Intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates born from 23 to 26 weeks of gestation: Retrospective analysis of risk factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aim was to determine the incidence and analyze risk factors of IVH stage 3 and 4 in infants born before 26 weeks of gestation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective analysis of 110 preterm babies (23-26 weeks of gestation) hospitalized from 2009 to 2014 at the Department of Neonatology of Poznan University of Medical Sciences was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the study group there were 29 (26.4%) children in the 23rd-24th weeks of pregnancy and 81 (73.6%) in the 25th-26th weeks of gestation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among IVH stage 3 and 4 in neonates without prenatal steroids therapy, OR was 1.616 (1.059- 2.456; p = 0.022) for children born in the 23rd-24th week of gestation and 1.677 (1.001-2.809; p = 0.047) for children born in the 25th-26th week of pregnancy. An analysis of various risk factors revealed the chance of the appearance IVH stage 3 and 4 among neonates born in the 23th-24th and 25th-26th week of gestation rising only among those children who were treated for hypotension with catecholamines (OR 2.031 (0.269-24.21), p = 0.033 and OR 1.989 (0.224-16.55), p = 0.024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lower the gestational age, the more frequent the risk of IVH stage 3 and 4. The use of appropriate prophylaxis of perinatal patients (steroids in all pregnant women at risk of preterm birth, limiting the indications for the use of catecholamines for hypotension treatment) reduces the incidence of severe IVH.
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Neonatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
authors.forename: Dawid
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szpecht
authors.affiliation: Student Scientific Group of Perinatal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
authors.forename: Irmina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Student Scientific Group of Perinatal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kwiatkowska
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Neonatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szymankiewicz
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Neonatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gadzinowski
mesh_terms: D002395:Catecholamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines
keywords: intraventricular hemorrhage; preterm neonates; risk factors