title: Incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to quantitatively summarize the risk factors associated with surgical site infection after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medline, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang database and Cochrane central database were searched for relevant original studies from database inception to October 2016. Eligible studies had to meet quality assessment criteria according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and had to evaluate the risk factors for surgical site infection after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture. Stata 11.0 software was used for this meta-analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight studies involving 2214 cases of tibial plateau fracture treated by open reduction and internal fixation and 219 cases of surgical site infection were included in this meta-analysis. The following parameters were identified as significant risk factors for surgical site infection after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture (p < 0.05): open fracture (OR 3.78; 95% CI 2.71-5.27), compartment syndrome (OR 3.53; 95% CI 2.13-5.86), operative time (OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.53-3.02), tobacco use (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.13-3.99), and external fixation (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.05-4.09). Other factors, including male sex, were not identified as risk factors for surgical site infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with the abovementioned medical conditions are at risk of surgical site infection after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture. Surgeons should be cognizant of these risks and give relevant preoperative advice.
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: shaojiashen@vip.qq.com.
authors.forename: Jiashen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 18831178786@163.com.
authors.forename: Hengrui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhuyanbin111@126.com.
authors.forename: Yanbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: drchenwei1981@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: lancelotzzl@qq.com.
authors.forename: Zhanle
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 1163953494@qq.com.
authors.forename: Huixin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Surgery, NO. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: drzhangyz@126.com.
authors.forename: Yingze
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Fractures; Meta-analysis; Risk factors; Surgical site infection; Tibial plateau fracture