title: Transient Behavior of Ni@NiOxFunctionalized SrTiO3in Overall Water Splitting.
abstract: Transients in the composition of Ni@NiOxcore-shell co-catalysts deposited on SrTiO3are discussed on the basis of state-of-the-art continuous analysis of photocatalytic water splitting, and post-XPS and TEM analyses. The formation of excessive hydrogen (H2:O2≫ 2) in the initial stages of illumination demonstrates oxidation of Ni(OH)2to NiOOH (nickel oxyhydroxide), with the latter catalyzing water oxidation. A disproportionation reaction of Ni and NiOOH, yielding Ni(OH)2with residual embedded Ni, occurs when illumination is discontinued, which explains repetitive transients in (excess) hydrogen and oxygen formation when illumination is reinitiated.
authors.affiliation: Photocatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , Meander 229, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Photocatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , Meander 229, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kreuger
authors.affiliation: Photocatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , Meander 229, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bastian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Photocatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , Meander 229, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mul
keywords: Ni@NiOx co-catalysts; SrTiO3; regeneration; solar water splitting; transient behavior