title: Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection.
abstract: Infection with any of the 4 dengue virus serotypes results in a diverse range of symptoms, from mild undifferentiated fever to life-threatening hemorrhagic fever and shock. Given that dengue virus infection elicits such a broad range of clinical symptoms, early and accurate laboratory diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient management. Virus detection and serological conversion have been the main targets of diagnostic assessment for many years, however cross-reactivity of antibody responses among the flaviviruses has been a confounding issue in providing a differential diagnosis. Furthermore, there is no single, definitive diagnostic biomarker that is present across the entire period of patient presentation, particularly in those experiencing a secondary dengue infection. Nevertheless, the development and commercialization of point-of-care combination tests capable of detecting markers of infection present during different stages of infection (viral nonstructural protein 1 and immunoglobulin M) has greatly simplified laboratory-based dengue diagnosis. Despite these advances, significant challenges remain in the clinical management of dengue-infected patients, especially in the absence of reliable biomarkers that provide an effective prognostic indicator of severe disease progression. This review briefly summarizes some of the complexities and issues surrounding clinical dengue diagnosis and the laboratory diagnostic options currently available.
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and.|Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and.
authors.forename: Alexandra C I
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Depelsenaire
authors.affiliation: Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane,Australia.
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003715:Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
keywords: NS1 antigen capture; dengue diagnosis; dengue disease; dengue serology.; dengue virus