title: Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) pre-exposure contributes to the anti-oxidant response impairment in hCMEC/D3 during post-oxygen and glucose deprivation damage.
abstract: Recently, air pollution has been identified as a significant modifiable risk factor to the increasing stroke burden. Diesel exhaust particles, characterized by high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons content, constitute an important component of outdoor air pollution and is known to cause oxidative stress, and could therefore contribute to and exacerbate the effects of ROS in post-ischemic injury. hCMEC/D3 cells have been submitted to 48h treatment with diesel exhaust particles (25μg/ml and 50μg/ml, DEP50) or alternatively to 3h of oxygen and glucose deprivation, followed by 1h of oxygen and glucose restoration. The combined treatment consisted in 48h of diesel exhaust particles (25μg/ml and 50μg/ml, DEP50) followed by 3h of oxygen and glucose deprivation and 1h of restoration. A panel of markers related to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, such as transcription factors (Nrf2 and HIF-1α), anti-oxidant proteins (HO-1, SOD-1, Hsp70) and proteins potentially inducing further oxidative-stress or inflammation (Cyp1b1, iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, VEGF), have been examined. Data obtained showed that diesel exhaust particles and oxygen and glucose deprivation treatments alone elicited the antioxidants response, each by means of a different transcription factor, while the combined treatment led to a dysregulation of the antioxidant response during ischemic injury reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy. Electronic address: francesca.farina@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lonati
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dal Magro
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milani
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Botto
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sancini
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palestini
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Surgery, Polaris Centre, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bulbarelli
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000502:physiology*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: DEP; HIF-1α; HO-1; Nrf2; Oxidative stress; Oxygen-glucose deprivation