title: Suspected air embolism through the thoracic ventral internal vertebral venous plexus during hemilaminectomy in dogs.
abstract: Venous air embolism entering via the ventral internal vertebral venous plexus was suspected during thoracic spinal surgery in two dogs. In both cases, air was seen bubbling from a pool of blood on the floor of the vertebral canal accompanied by sudden cardiopulmonary disturbances: low end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure, tachycardia and reduction in oxygen in the blood. One dog became dyspnoeic and one died.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Sciences, Small Animal Hospital, University of Bristol, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mortera-Balsa
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Sciences, Small Animal Hospital, University of Bristol, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Oostrom
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Sciences, Small Animal Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yeamans
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Sciences, Small Animal Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutierrez-Quintana
authors.affiliation: Vet Extra Neurology, Broadleys Veterinary Hospital, Stirling, FK7 7LE, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Penderis
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Sciences, Small Animal Hospital, University of Bristol, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Granger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D004285:Dogs; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D007796:Laminectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen