title: New amides from seeds of Silybum marianum with potential antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.
abstract: Two new amide compounds, mariamides A and B (1-2), were obtained together with fourteen known compounds from the seeds of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses, as well as HR-ESI-MS data. Most of the compounds showed significant antioxidant activities than positive control in ABTS and FRAP assays. However, only amide compounds 1-4 showed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity and compounds 7 and 16 showed the most potent activity against DPPH. Most of the compounds showed moderate to stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Nevertheless, only flavonoids showed strong PTP1B inhibitory activities. These results indicate a use of milk thistle seed extracts as promising antioxidant and antidiabetic agents.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ning-Bo
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cui-Cui
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Da-Hong
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fan-Xing
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: lzl1030@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhan-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: huimhua@163.com.
authors.forename: Hui-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020944:Silybum marianum / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C516607:PTPN1 protein, human; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
keywords: Amide; Antioxidant; PTP1B; Silybum marianum; α-glucosidase