title: Factors associated with different smoking status in European adolescents: results of the SEYLE study.
abstract: Early onset and long-term smoking are associated with physical and psychological health problems. The aim of the presented analysis was to investigate risk and influencing factors for different smoking status in a big sample of European adolescents. In the context of the "saving and empowering young lives in Europe" (SEYLE) study we surveyed 12,328 adolescents at the age of 13-17 from 11 countries. The survey took place in a school-based context using a questionnaire. Overall 58% reported the onset of ever-smoking under the age of 14 and 30.9% smoke on a daily basis. Multinomial logistic regression model showed significant positive associations between adolescent smoking and internalizing problems (suicidal behavior, direct self-injurious behavior, anxiety), externalizing problems (conduct problems, hyperactivity, substance consumption) and family problems (parental substance consumption, broken home). Our data show that smoking among adolescents is still a major public health problem and adolescents who smoke are at higher risk for mental problems. Further, adolescent smoking is associated with broken home families and parental behaviors. Therefore, early preventive measures are necessary not only for adolescents, but also for their parents.
authors.affiliation: Addiction Help Services BIN, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria. raphaela.banzer@bin-tirol.org.|Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. raphaela.banzer@bin-tirol.org.
authors.forename: Raphaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Banzer
authors.affiliation: Addiction Help Services BIN, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.|Psychiatry and Psychotherapy B, State Hospital Hall in Tirol, Tyrol, Austria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haring
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buchheim
authors.affiliation: Addiction Help Services BIN, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oehler
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Karolinska Institute (KI), Stockholm, Sweden.|WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Methods Development and Training in Suicide Prevention, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carli
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA.|Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.affiliation: Section for Disorders of Personality Development, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|Orygen Youth Health, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaess
authors.affiliation: Feinberg Child Study Centre, Schneider Children's Medical Centre, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Apter
authors.affiliation: Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.|Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balazs
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bobes
authors.affiliation: Section for Disorders of Personality Development, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.affiliation: National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cosman
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hoven
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, CHRU de NANCY, Université H. Poincaré, Nancy, France.|Pole 6, Centre Psychthérapique de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.affiliation: National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Keeley
authors.affiliation: Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušicˇ Institute, University of Primorska, Muzejski trg 2, 6000, Koper, Slovenia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Postuvan
authors.affiliation: Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušicˇ Institute, University of Primorska, Muzejski trg 2, 6000, Koper, Slovenia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Podlogar
authors.affiliation: Estonian-Swedish Mental Health and Suicidology Institute, Tallinn, Estonia.|Institute of Social Work, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sisask
authors.affiliation: Estonian-Swedish Mental Health and Suicidology Institute, Tallinn, Estonia.|Institute of Social Work, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Värnik
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarchiapone
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Karolinska Institute (KI), Stockholm, Sweden.|WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Methods Development and Training in Suicide Prevention, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wasserman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005006:Ethnicity; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescent smoking; Behavioral problems; Family problems; Mental health; SEYLE; Substance use