title: Improving Chronic Disease Outcomes Through Medication Therapy Management in Federally Qualified Health Centers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Appropriate management of chronic diseases, including proper use of medications, can lead to better disease control, decrease disease-related complications, and improve overall health. Pharmacists have been shown to positively affect chronic disease outcomes through medication therapy management (MTM). The primary objectives of this project are to increase the number of patients with (1) A1c in control and (2) blood pressure in control; secondary objectives are to (3) describe number and type of medication-related problems identified and resolved by pharmacists providing MTM in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs), (4) identify potential (pADEs) and actual adverse drug events (ADEs), and refer patients to diabetes self-management education classes, as needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multisite, prospective, descriptive pilot study engaged three FQHC sites with distinct models of established pharmacist MTM services to care for patients with uncontrolled diabetes and/or hypertension. Data were reported in aggregate regarding primary and secondary outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As of December 2015, 706 patients were enrolled in the project. Of the 422 with uncontrolled diabetes, 52.84% (n = 223) had an A1c <9%; 72 patients (17.06%) achieved an A1c between 8% and 9%, 19.19% (n = 81) of patients achieved an A1c <8% and ≥7%, and 16.59% (n = 70) of patients achieved an A1c <7%. The percentage of patients with blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg improved to 65.21%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacist-provided MTM can improve chronic disease intermediate outcomes for medically underserved patients in FQHCs.
authors.affiliation: 1 The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rodis
authors.affiliation: 1 The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.|2 PrimaryOne Health, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Alexa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sevin
authors.affiliation: 3 AxessPointe Community Health Center/NEOMED, Akron, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Magdi H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.affiliation: 1 The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Brianne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: 4 Health Partners of Western Ohio, Lima, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Glasgow
authors.affiliation: 5 Ohio Department of Health, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hornbeck Fox
authors.affiliation: 5 Ohio Department of Health, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pryor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003151:Community Health Centers; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012648:Self Care; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: community health centers; medications; pharmacy; primary care; program evaluation