title: Accuracy and Reliability of Infrared Thermography in Assessment of the Breasts of Women Affected by Cancer.
abstract: Evaluate reliability and accuracy of infrared thermography in the assessment of women wth breasts cancer. Thirty-five participants had unilateral breast cancer and 17 control subjects were assessed using infrared thermography. To evaluate reliability, two professionals, who were experienced, measured the temperature of the infrared images in two different moments, with a one-week interval. Biopsy was used as a gold standard exam with regard identify breast cancer. The analysis illustrated excellent reliability in terms of the affected, contralateral and control breasts with the intra-class correlation coefficient values ranging from 0.948 to 0.999. Standard measurement error ranged from 0.04 to 0.28 °C, and minimum detectable change deviated from 0.11 to 0.78 °C. Moreover, low to moderate accuracy were observed in terms of the establishment of the breast cancer diagnosis with values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve ranging from 0.571 and 0.749. Breasts affected by cancer present higher skin temperature compared to contralateral and control. Furthermore, excellent reliability of the analysis of the infrared images and low-moderate accuracy in terms diagnosis were observed. Considering the results, infrared thermography can be applied as an instrument complement the assessment of breast cancer patients, but not for diagnostic purposes.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rinaldo Roberto
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: de Jesus Guirro
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maíta Marade
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Oliveira Lima Leite Vaz
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lais Mara Siqueira
authors.initials: LMS
authors.lastname: das Neves
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Almir Vieira
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Dibai-Filho
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hélio Humberto Angotti
authors.initials: HHA
authors.lastname: Carrara
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. ecguirro@fmrp.usp.br.|Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Prédio da Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP 14049-900, Brazil. ecguirro@fmrp.usp.br.
authors.forename: Elaine Caldeira
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Guirro
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012881:Skin Temperature; D013817:Thermography
keywords: Breast cancer; Diagnosis; Sensitivity and specificity; Skin temperature