title: Biomimetic Proteoglycans Mimic Macromolecular Architecture and Water Uptake of Natural Proteoglycans.
abstract: Aging and degeneration of human tissue come with the loss of tissue water retention and associated changes in physical properties partially due to degradation and subsequent loss of proteoglycans. We demonstrated a novel method of fabrication of biomimetic proteoglycans, which mimic the three-dimensional bottlebrush architecture and physical behavior of natural proteoglycans responsible for tissue hydration and structural integrity. Biomimetic proteoglycans are synthesized by an end-on attachment of natural chondroitin sulfate bristles to a synthetic poly(acryloyl chloride) backbone. Atomic force microscopy imaging suggested three-dimensional core-bristle architecture, and hydrodynamic size of biomimetic proteoglycans was estimated at 61.3 ± 12.3 nm using dynamic light scattering. Water uptake results indicated that biomimetic proteoglycans had a ∼50% increased water uptake compared to native aggrecan and chondroitin sulfate alone. The biomimetic proteoglycans are cytocompatible in the physiological ranges of concentrations and could be potentially used to repair damaged or diseased tissue with depleted proteoglycan content.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Katsiaryna
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-7521
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prudnikova
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Yucha
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Pavan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Alicia S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kriete
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Lynn S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Penn
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, and ∥Department of Chemistry, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Michele S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Marcolongo
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053674:Aggrecans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007632:Keratan Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D053674:Aggrecans; D014867:Water; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D007632:Keratan Sulfate