title: The interplay of history of depression and craving in terms of smoking relapse among treatment seeking smokers.
abstract: Although there is an interconnection between history of major depressive disorder and smoking, there has been relatively limited scientific attention oriented on the interplay between history of major depressive disorder and smoking maintenance processes. The current study sought to address whether history of major depressive disorder and post-cessation craving interact in the prediction of relapse among treatment-seeking smokers. Separate models were evaluated as a function of sex. Participants (n = 319, Mage = 41.7, 62.1% female) were treatment-seeking smokers who were abstinent at the end of six weekly 1-hour sessions involving psychosocial treatment for cessation. Participants completed a baseline assessment and reported post-cessation craving. Smoking status was assessed at 1-, 2-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up after the end of treatment. There was a significant interactive effect evident for females (B = 0.05, OR = 1.05, p = 0.013), but not males. The form of the interaction indicated females with history of major depressive disorder and greater post-treatment craving evinced the highest rate of relapse. Findings suggest that history of major depressive disorder and post-treatment craving are related to increased risk of relapse for female, but not male, smokers. Sex differences play a fundamental role in the explanation of the interaction of history of major depressive disorder and craving post-treatment in smoking relapse. Considering sex differences related to smoking relapse may help to tailor smoking cessation treatments.
authors.affiliation: a Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.|b Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6934-2939
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Cano
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Paulus
authors.affiliation: a Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Durán
authors.affiliation: a Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martínez-Vispo
authors.affiliation: a Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.|c Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Work , University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández Del Río
authors.affiliation: a Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.
authors.forename: Elisardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Becoña
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , Texas , USA.|d Department of Behavioral Science , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zvolensky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D000073865:Cigarette Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D066249:Craving; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Smoking; craving; history of major depression; relapse; sex; urge