title: 1,8-Naphthalimide: A Potent DNA Intercalator and Target for Cancer Therapy.
abstract: The poor pharmacokinetics, side effects and particularly the rapid emergence of drug resistance compromise the efficiency of clinically used anticancer drugs. Therefore, the discovery of novel and effective drugs is still an extremely primary mission. Naphthalimide family is one of the highly active anticancer drug based upon effective intercalator with DNA. In this article, we review the discovery and development of 1,8-naphthalimide moiety, and, especially, pay much attention to the structural modifications and structure activity relationships. The review demonstrates how modulation of the moiety affecting naphthalimide compound for DNA binding that is achieved to afford a profile of antitumor activity. The DNA binding of imide and ring substitution at naphthalimide, bisnaphthalimide, naphthalimide-metal complexes is achieved by molecular recognition through intercalation mode. Thus, this synthetic/natural small molecule can act as a drug when activation or inhibition of DNA function, is required to cure or control the cancer disease. The present study is a review of the advances in 1,8-naphthalimide-related research, with a focus on how such derivatives are intercalated into DNA for their anticancer activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Lovely, Professional University, Phagwara-, 144411, India.
authors.forename: Runjhun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala-, 147004, India.
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Luxami
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Lovely, Professional University, Phagwara-, 144411, India.
authors.forename: Harsovin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Lovely, Professional University, Phagwara-, 144411, India.
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala-, 147004, India.
authors.forename: Kamaldeep
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D007364:Intercalating Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D053644:Naphthalimides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007364:Intercalating Agents; D053644:Naphthalimides; D004247:DNA
keywords: Bis-naphthalimide; DNA Intercalation; Hybrids; Metal complexes; Naphthalimide