title: Oxidative stress causes hypertension and activation of nuclear factor-κB after high-fructose and salt treatments.
abstract: There is evidence that diets rich in salt or simple sugars as fructose are associated with abnormalities in blood pressure regulation. However, the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of salt- and fructose-induced kidney damage and/or consequent hypertension yet remain largely unexplored. Here, we tested the role of oxidative state as an essential factor along with high salt and fructose treatment in causing hypertension. Fischer male rats were supplemented with a high-fructose diet (20% in water) for 20 weeks and maintained on high-salt diet (8%) associate in the last 10 weeks. Fructose-fed rats exhibited a salt-dependent hypertension accompanied by decrease in renal superoxide dismutase activity, which is the first footprint of antioxidant inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Metabolic changes and the hypertensive effect of the combined fructose-salt diet (20 weeks) were markedly reversed by a superoxide scavenger, Tempol (10 mg/kg, gavage); moreover, Tempol (50 mM) potentially reduced ROS production and abolished nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells incubated with L-fructose (30 mM) and NaCl (500 mosmol/kg added). Taken together, our data suggested a possible role of oxygen radicals and ROS-induced activation of NF-κB in the fructose- and salt-induced hypertension associated with the progression of the renal disease.
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.|UMR991, INSERM, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Waleska C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Dornas
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.|Department of Biological Sciences, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Leonardo M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maísa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Natália L S
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.|Department of Biological Sciences, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Deoclécio A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chianca
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.|Department of Biological Sciences, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Andréia C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Alzamora
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.|Department of Biological Sciences, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Wanderson G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: UMR991, INSERM, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lagente
authors.affiliation: Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.|Department of Foods, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcelo E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013113:Spin Labels; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013113:Spin Labels; D005632:Fructose; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C001803:tempol