title: Interleukin-18 protects mice from Enterovirus 71 infection.
abstract: Previous study has demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for protecting murine host against Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. However, the underlying mechanism remained unknown. Here we discovered that the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18), an NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent effector protein, exhibits a protective capability against EV71 challenge. Deficiency of IL-18 in mice exacerbated EV71 infection, which was reflected by increased viral replication, elevated production of interferons (IFN-β, IFN-γ), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and chemokine CCL2,as well as decreased survival of experimental animals. Conversely, administration of recombinant IL-18 considerably restrained EV71 infection in IL-18 deficient mice. Thus, our results revealed a protective role for IL-18 against EV71 challenge, and indicated a novel therapeutic application for IL-18 in EV71 associated hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD).
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Yihui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Junling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Qiuhong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Qibin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Zhirui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China. Electronic address: gxmeng@ips.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Guangxun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D058847:Inflammasomes; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D058847:Inflammasomes; D020382:Interleukin-18; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007372:Interferons
keywords: Cytokine; EV71; IL-18; Inflammasome