title: Bacteremia due to Capnocytophaga species during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients with hematological malignancies.
abstract: The number of reported cases of infections due to Capnocytophaga species (spp.) is limited. We herein describe four cases developing bacteremia due to Capnocytophaga spp. during neutropenia after chemotherapy for hematological malignancies. At the onset of bacteremia, 3 of the 4 patients had oral mucositis, and 2 were co-infected with other bacteria. Two patients developed bacteremia while receiving fluoroquinolone as prophylaxis against bacterial infection. Bacteremia resolved with administration of antimicrobial agents in all patients and no recurrences were observed thereafter. The emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant or beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophaga spp. has recently been reported. Therefore, Capnocytophaga spp. could be causative pathogens in breakthrough and refractory infections under fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and empiric therapy, respectively, for febrile neutropenia. Capnocytophaga spp. should be recognized as one of the causative pathogens of febrile neutropenia. Furthermore, accumulation of cases and susceptibility data are required to establish an optimal treatment protocol.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohashi
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D002206:Capnocytophaga / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents