title: Changes in Hepatobiliary Enzyme Abnormality After the Great East Japan Earthquake: The Fukushima Health Management Survey.
abstract: Although the incidence of hepatobiliary enzyme abnormality increased immediately after the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, longer-term trends remain unclear. The aims of this study were to determine longer-term trends in hepatobiliary enzyme abnormality and to elucidate lifestyle factors associated with such changes among residents of a nuclear-disaster-affected area. This longitudinal survey enrolled 20,395 adults living in the vicinity of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Data were obtained from the records of annual health checkups of adults aged ≥40 years between 2011 and 2012. Follow-up examinations were conducted from June 2013 to March 2014. Associations were assessed between changes in hepatobiliary enzyme abnormality immediately and 3-4 years after the disaster and lifestyle factors. The overall prevalence of hepatobiliary enzyme abnormality significantly decreased over the study period, from 29.9% to 27.1%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between improved hepatobiliary enzyme abnormality and improvements in daily physical activity and frequency of breakfast consumption. The results suggest that improvements in daily physical activity and frequency of breakfast consumption significantly reduced the incidence of hepatobiliary enzyme abnormality 3-4 years after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan. junior@fmu.ac.jp.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan. junior@fmu.ac.jp.|Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. junior@fmu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.affiliation: Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosoya
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasumura
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeatsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohtsuru
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Cardiology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Neurology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shishido
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Information Management and Statistics Office, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Gen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kobashi
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-1383
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozasa
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohto
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Office of the Comprehensive Health Check and Health Promotion, Fukushima, Japan.|Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000201:enzymology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D055866:Earthquakes; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D062406:Fukushima Nuclear Accident; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors