title: Seroprevalence of Q fever among human and animal in Iran; A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: Q fever is a main zoonotic disease around the world. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the overall seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii among human and animal population in Iran.
  
  
  
  Major national and international databases were searched from 2005 up to August 2016. We extracted the prevalence of Q fever antibodies (IgG) as the main primary outcome. We reported the prevalence of the seropositivity as point and 95% confidence intervals.
  
  
  
  The overall seroprevalence of IgG phase I and II antibodies of Q fever in human was 19.80% (95% CI: 16.35-23.25%) and 32.86% (95% CI: 23.80-41.92%), respectively. The herd and individual prevalence of C. burnetii antibody in goat were 93.42% (95% CI: 80.23-100.00) and 31.97% (95% CI: 20.96-42.98%), respectively. The herd and individual prevalence of Q fever antibody in sheep's were 96.07% (95% CI: 89.11-100.00%) and 24.66% (95% CI: 19.81-29.51%), respectively. The herd and individual prevalence of C. burnetii antibody in cattle were 41.37% (95% CI: 17.88-64.86%) and 13.30% (95% CI: 2.98-23.62%), respectively. Individual seropositivity of Q fever in camel and dog were 28.26% (95% CI: 21.47-35.05) and 0.55% (0.03-2.68), respectively.
  
  
  
  Seroprevalence of Q fever among human and domestic animals is considerable. Preventative planning and control of C. burnetii infections in Iran is necessary. Active surveillance and further research studies are recommended, to more clearly define the epidemiology and importance of C. burnetii infections in animals and people in Iran.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohabbati Mobarez
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.|Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fahimeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bagheri Amiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.|National Reference Laboratory of Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar-Ahang, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Saber
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esmaeili
mesh_terms: D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002162:Camelus / Q000382:microbiology; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology; D016997:Coxiella burnetii; D004285:Dogs / Q000382:microbiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D006041:Goats / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D011778:Q Fever / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012756:Sheep / Q000382:microbiology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial