title: Biodegradation and kinetic study of benzene in bioreactor packed with PUF and alginate beads and immobilized with Bacillus sp. M3.
abstract: Benzene removal in free and immobilized cells on polyurethane foam (PUF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-alginate beads was studied using an indigenous soil bacterium Bacillus sp. M3 isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil. The important process parameters (pH, temperature and inoculums size) were optimized and found to be 7, 37°C and 6.0×108CFU/mL, respectively. Benzene removals were observed to be 70, 84 and 90% within 9days in a free cell, immobilized PVA-alginate beads and PUF, respectively under optimum operating conditions. FT-IR and GC-MS analysis confirm the presence of phenol, 1,2-benzenediol, hydroquinone and benzoate as metabolites. The important kinetic parameter ratios (µmax/Ks; L/mg·day)calculated using Monod model was found to be 0.00123 for free cell, 0.00159 for immobilized alginate beads and 0.002016 for immobilized PUF. Similarly inhibition constants (Ki; mg/L) calculated using Andrew-Haldane model was found to be 435.84 for free cell, 664.25 for immobilized alginate beads and 724.93 for immobilized PUF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kureel
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Geed
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Giri
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India. Electronic address: rssingh.che@itbhu.ac.in.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates; D001407:Bacillus; D001554:Benzene / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D001554:Benzene
keywords: Benzene; Free cells; GC–MS; Kinetic models; Polyurethane foam