title: Retinopathy of Prematurity Is Associated with Increased Systolic Blood Pressure in Adults Who Were Born Preterm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adults born preterm are at risk of developing cardiovascular morbidities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and blood pressure (BP) and salivary cortisol levels during adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine subjects (mean age 22.6 years) were included. Subjects were adults who were: (a) ex-preterm infants with severe ROP (n = 22), born at gestational age (GA) <30 weeks with a birth weight (BW) <1,000 g, (b) ex-preterm infants with no/mild ROP (n = 21), born at GA <28 weeks with a BW <1,000 g, or (c) full-term controls (n = 26). Anthropometric data, office BP, ambulatory BP, and morning and evening salivary cortisol were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As adults, ex-preterm infants with severe ROP had on average 7.4 mm Hg higher systolic office BP than those with no/mild ROP (p = 0.019) and controls (p = 0.007). A high cortisol level, tall height, and severe ROP were independent predictors of higher ambulatory systolic BP during adulthood in forward stepwise regression analysis, independent of GA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that preterm infants with severe abnormal retinal vascular development during the neonatal period may be at an increased risk for increased BP during adulthood. We found no differences between those with no/mild ROP as infants and controls with regard to BP data.
authors.affiliation: The Sahlgrenska Center for Pediatric Ophthalmology Research, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kistner
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Östergren
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hellström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D001827:Body Height; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013548:Sweden; D013599:Systole; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Blood pressure; Preterm; Retinopathy of prematurity; Salivary cortisol