title: The ability of a colloidal silver gel wound dressing to kill bacteria in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inhibiting bacterial biofilms is of major significance for proper wound healing. The choice of the dressing material plays a key role, as bacteria can live in dressings and keep reinfecting the wound. This study examines the effectiveness of a colloidal silver gel (Ag-gel) wound dressing in inhibiting the growth of bacteria in a mouse wound model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and two different meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were examined. Bacteria were measured in vitro on the dressing, and in vivo studies were carried out to analyses both the dressing and the infected tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using colony-forming unit (CFU) assays, over 7 logs of inhibition (100%) were found for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii for the Ag-gel dressing when compared with the control dressing. In vivo, complete inhibition was observered for the three most common bacteria on the Ag-gel dressing and the tissue under that dressing. These results were confirmed by an in vivo live imaging system. However, with MRSA strains, only 2-3 logs of inhibition were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ag-gel was effective in preventing biofilm infections caused by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, US.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, US.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, US.
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Hamood
authors.affiliation: Viridis BioPharma Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Viridis BioPharma Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: American Biotech Labs LLC, Alpine, Utah, US.
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Moeller
authors.affiliation: American Biotech Labs LLC, Alpine, Utah, US.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Moeller
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, US.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, US; Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, US.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001458:Bandages; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005782:Gels; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D005782:Gels; C586932:colloidal silver; D012834:Silver
keywords: biofilm; in vitro model; in vivo model; infection; silver; wound; wound dressing