title: Determinants of percent mammographic density in women with premature ovarian insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the determinants of breast density in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study of 163 women with POI undergoing mammography, percent mammographic density (PMD) was evaluated by digitizing the image. PMD was correlated with age, age at menarche, age at POI, time since POI, body mass index (BMI), gestational history and hormone therapy (HT) use (duration, dose, regimen).
  
  
  RESULTS
  POI was diagnosed at a mean age of 32.3 ± 5.9 years. The mean age of the women at mammography was 41.3 ± 5.4 years; mean BMI was 27.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2and mean PMD was 24.3 ± 18.5. Mean PMD did not differ between the different age groups evaluated (29-39, 40-49 and 50-55 years) or between users and non-users of HT. Mean duration of HT use was 5.6 ± 4.7 years. PMD was higher in nulligravidas compared to women who had been pregnant (p = 0.0016); however, POI occurred earlier in nulligravidas (p < 0.0001). PMD correlated negatively with BMI (r = -0.27; p = 0.0005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women with POI, HT use had no effect on PMD, irrespective of the duration of use, dose or regimen. Pregnancy and BMI were consistently associated with PMD, with density being greater in nulligravidas and in women with lower BMI.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Torelli
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Brancalion
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Yela
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Benetti-Pinto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
keywords: Premature ovarian insufficiency; breast density; hormone therapy; mammogram; percent mammographic density