title: Transparent Electrophysiology Microelectrodes and Interconnects from Metal Nanomesh.
abstract: Mapping biocurrents at both microsecond and single-cell resolution requires the combination of optical imaging with innovative electrophysiological sensing techniques. Here, we present transparent electrophysiology electrodes and interconnects made of gold (Au) nanomesh on flexible substrates to achieve such measurements. Compared to previously demonstrated indium tin oxide (ITO) and graphene electrodes, the ones from Au nanomesh possess superior properties including low electrical impedance, high transparency, good cell viability, and superb flexibility. Specifically, we demonstrated a 15 nm thick Au nanomesh electrode with 8.14 Ω·cm2normalized impedance, >65% average transmittance over a 300-1100 nm window, and stability up to 300 bending cycles. Systematic sheet resistance measurements, electrochemical impedance studies, optical characterization, mechanical bending tests, and cell studies highlight the capabilities of the Au nanomesh as a transparent electrophysiology electrode and interconnect material. Together, these results demonstrate applicability of using nanomesh under biological conditions and broad applications in biology and medicine.
authors.forename: Kyung Jin
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9743-2026
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiang
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bilgin
authors.forename: Swastik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vinegoni
authors.affiliation: Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weissleder
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
keywords: cells; electrophysiology; flexible; nanomesh; nanosphere lithography; transparent microelectrodes