title: Reference values of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity according to age and blood pressure in a central Asia population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a direct measure of aortic stiffness, has increasingly become an important assessment for cardiovascular risk. The present study established the reference and normal values of baPWV in a Central Asia population in Xinjiang, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited participants from a central Asia population in Xinjiang, China. We performed multiple regression analysis to investigate the determinants of baPWV. The median and 10th-90th percentiles were calculated to establish the reference and normal values based on these categories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 5,757 Han participants aged 15-88 years were included in the present study. Spearman correlation analysis showed that age (r = 0.587, p < 0.001) and mean blood pressure (MBP, r = 0.599, p <0.001) were the major factors influencing the values of baPWV in the reference population. Furthermore, in the multiple linear regression analysis, the standardized regression coefficients of age (0.445) and MBP (0.460) were much higher than those of body mass index, triglyceride, and glycemia (-0.054, 0.035, and 0.033, respectively). In the covariance analysis, after adjustment for age and MBP, only diabetes was the significant independent determinant of baPWV (p = 0.009). Thus, participants with diabetes were excluded from the reference value population. The reference values ranged from 14.3 to 25.2 m/s, and the normal values ranged from 13.9 to 21.2 m/s.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study that has established the reference and normal values for baPWV according to age and blood pressure in a Central Asia population.
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.|Department of Cardiac Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Gulinuer
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yiming
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Xianhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Wenkui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yaodong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Jianghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Qina
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Pacing and Electrophysiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Baopeng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012044:Regression Analysis; D055815:Young Adult