title: Influence of sucrose on growth and sensitivity of Candida albicans alone and in combination with Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans to photodynamic therapy.
abstract: This study has evaluated the effects of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) using erythrosine as photosensitizer and green light-emitting diode (LED) on biofilms of Candida albicans alone and in combination with Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans. We have also evaluated the effect of sucrose on biofilm formation and bacterial growth and sensitivity to PDI. Biofilms were formed in suspension of 106cells/ml on plates before being grown in broth culture with and without sucrose and incubated for 48 h. Next, the treatment was applied using erythrosine at a concentration of 400 μM for 5 min and green LED (532 ± 10 nm) for 3 min on biofilms alone and in combination. The plates were washed and sonicated to disperse the biofilms, and serial dilutions were carried and aliquots seeded in Sabouraud agar before incubation for 48 h. Next, the colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml; log10) were counted and analyzed statistically (ANOVA, Tukey test, P ≤ 0.05). Results show that S. mutans favors the growth of C. albicans in biofilms with sucrose, with treatment not being effective. However, when the biofilm was grown without sucrose, we found a reduction in biofilm formation and a significant decrease in the PDI treatment (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, both growth and sensitivity to PDI in biofilms of C. albicans are strongly influenced by bacterial combination, and the presence of sucrose affected directly the growth and sensitivity of the biofilm to PDI as sucrose is the substrate for construction of the exopolysaccharide matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil. fmtome@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fernanda Malagutti
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Tomé
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas De
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paula Ramos
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiane Aparecida
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ingrid Christine Barbosa
authors.initials: ICB
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Campos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Junqueira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Olavo Cardoso
authors.initials: AOC
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciane Dias de
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004923:Erythrosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D013395:Sucrose; D004923:Erythrosine
keywords: Biofilm; Candida albicans; Enterococcus faecalis; Photodynamic therapy; Streptococcus mutans; Sucrose