title: Molecular characterization of Fasciola flukes obtained from wild sika deer and domestic cattle in Hokkaido, Japan.
abstract: The number of wild sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) continues to increase in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. The major concern for the livestock industry is the transmission of pathogens between sika deer and cattle. Fasciolosis is an important disease that can occur in both animals. The aim of this study was to examine the possible mutual transmission of this disease in Hokkaido Prefecture. A total of 105 Fasciola flukes were obtained from sika deer and 96 from domestic cattle. The Fasciola flukes in Japan are reported to possess no mature sperm. However, in this study, 14 flukes from sika deer and eight flukes from cattle contained mature sperm in their seminal vesicles. All the Fasciola flukes from the two host animals had Fh/Fg type in nuclear phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) gene, with a mixed fragment pattern derived from F. hepatica and F. gigantica, which are considered to be hybrid Fasciola flukes. However, almost all the flukes had Fsp1 haplotype in NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) gene, indicating that their maternal lineage was F. hepatica. A new haplotype, Fsp3, was detected in one fluke obtained from cattle and differed in one nucleotide from Fsp1. Therefore, the Fasciola flukes detected in both host species had almost identical molecular characteristics. These findings suggest the mutual transmission of Fasciola flukes between sika deer and domestic cattle in Hokkaido.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. Electronic address: madoka@iwate-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichikawa-Seki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiroma
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido Hayakita Meat Inspection Center 695, Toasa, Abira-cho, Yuufutsu-gun, Hokkaido 059-1433, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; Department of Pathogenic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuma
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; Department of Pathogenic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Protozoan Disease, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D003670:Deer / Q000469:parasitology*; D005209:Fasciola / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005211:Fascioliasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D006239:Haplotypes; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D058751:Livestock / Q000469:parasitology; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase
keywords: Cattle; Hokkaido; Hybrid Fasciola flukes; Sika deer; nad1; pepck