title: Anticancer potential of Trigonella foenum graecum: Cellular and molecular targets.
abstract: A growing body of evidence supported by numerous studies on tumorigenesis confirms that it is possible to target various hallmarks of cancer. Recent studies have shown that plant-derived molecules may be used in targeting different signaling pathways for cancer drug discovery. The present paper gives an insight into the anticancer potential of fenugreek and lists the existing studies that have been carried out to demonstrate the advantages of the use of fenugreek in cancer treatment and prevention. It also aims at opening up new perspectives in the development of new drugs of natural origins in the future clinical trials. This review article will discuss; (1) the chemical constituents and bioactive compounds of fenugreek; (2) effects on oxidative stress and inflammation; (3) effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion; (4) toxicity of fenugreek; and 5) future directions in cancer drug development. All of the experimental studies discussed in this paper suggest that multiple signaling pathways (hallmarks) are involved in the anticancer activities of fenugreek, but their efficacy is still unclear, which requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Independent Research Team in Cancer Biology and Bioactive Compounds, Mohamed 1st University, Oujda, Morocco. Electronic address: k.elbairi@ump.ac.ma.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: El Bairi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
authors.forename: Mounir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouzir
authors.affiliation: Quality Laboratory of Vegetable and Medicinal Materials, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin,Leszczyńskiego Street 58, 20-068 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Najda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agnieszka
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Laboratory, UM6SS-Research Center, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Loubna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khalki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029910:Trigonella / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; C056164:fenugreek seed meal
keywords: Fenugreek; anticancer; cancer hallmarks; drug discovery