title: Pandora's Box: mitochondrial defects in ischaemic heart disease and stroke.
abstract: Ischaemic heart disease and stroke are vascular events with serious health consequences worldwide. Recent genetic and epigenetic techniques have revealed many genetic determinants of these vascular events and simplified the approaches to research focused on ischaemic heart disease and stroke. The pathogenetic mechanisms of ischaemic heart disease and stroke are complex, with mitochondrial involvement (partially or entirely) recently gaining substantial support. Not only can mitochondrial reactive oxygen species give rise to ischaemic heart disease and stroke by production of oxidised low-density lipoprotein and induction of apoptosis, but the impact on pericytes contributes directly to the pathogenesis. Over the past two decades, publications implicate the causative role of nuclear genes in the development of ischaemic heart disease and stroke, in contrast to the potential role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the pathophysiology of the disorders, which is much less understood, although recent studies do demonstrate that the involvement of mitochondria and mtDNA in the development of ischaemic heart disease and stroke is likely to be larger than originally thought, with the novel discovery of links among mitochondria, mtDNA and vascular events. Here we explore the molecular events and mtDNA alterations in relation to the role of mitochondria in ischaemic heart disease and stroke.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Poursina Hospital,School of Medicine,Guilan University of Medical Sciences,Rasht,Iran.
authors.forename: Sasan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andalib
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis, MN,USA.
authors.forename: Afshin A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Divani
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry,Psychiatry Region of Southern Denmark,Odense,Denmark.
authors.forename: Tanja M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine,Odense University Hospital,Odense,Denmark.
authors.forename: Poul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Høilund-Carlsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry,Psychiatry Region of Southern Denmark,Odense,Denmark.
authors.forename: Manouchehr S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Vafaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine,Odense University Hospital,Odense,Denmark.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gjedde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020286:Pericytes / Q000378:metabolism; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species