title: Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk.
abstract: Prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease is increasing worldwide. One of the most important risk factors for CV disease is hypertension that is very often related to obesity and metabolic syndrome. The search for key mechanisms, linking high blood pressure (BP), glucose and lipid dysmetabolism together with higher CV risk and mortality, is attracting increasing attention. Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs), including ANP and BNP, may play a crucial role in maintaining CV homeostasis and cardiac health, given their impact not only on BP regulation, but also on glucose and lipid metabolism. The summa of all metabolic activities of cardiac NPs, together with their CV and sodium balance effects, may be very important in decreasing the overall CV risk. Therefore, in the next future, cardiac NPs system, with its two receptors and a neutralizing enzyme, might represent one of the main targets to treat these multiple related conditions and to reduce hypertension and metabolic-related CV risk.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy. r.sarzani@univpm.it.|Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy. r.sarzani@univpm.it.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5159-0181
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarzani
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.|Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spannella
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.|Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giulietti
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.|Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balietti
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.|Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS-INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cocci
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bordicchia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; C058930:brain natriuretic peptide receptor; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor
keywords: Cardiac natriuretic peptides; Cardiovascular risk; Hypertension; Metabolism; Obesity