title: Efficacy of a high potency O1Manisa foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle against heterologous challenge with a field virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage collected in North Africa.
abstract: Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in North Africa (2013) and the Gulf States (2013) of the Middle East have been caused by a FMD viral lineage (O/ME-SA/Ind-2001) that was before 2013 restricted to the Indian Sub-continent. This study was undertaken to assess the in vivo efficacy of a FMD virus emergency vaccine type O1Manisa against heterologous challenge with a representative field virus (O/ALG/3/2014) from this emerging lineage. This widely available vaccine was selected since in vitro vaccine-matching results gave inconclusive results as to whether or not it would be protective. Three groups of five cattle were vaccinated with O1Manisa (homologous potency ≥6PD50/dose) using study guidelines outlined in the European Pharmacopeia, and challenged at 21days post-vaccination by tongue inoculation. All animals that were vaccinated with the lowest dose (1/16) of vaccine developed generalised FMD, defined as vesicular lesions at the feet. One animal vaccinated with a 1/4 dose of the vaccine also developed generalised disease, as did two animals vaccinated with the full dose of vaccine. These results indicate that the heterologous potency of this high potency O1Manisa vaccine was approximately 3.5 PD50/dose. These data support the use of the O1Manisa vaccine for FMD control in areas where FMDV is endemic e.g. North Africa, and motivate further studies to evaluate other vaccine candidates (or multivalent combinations) that might be potentially used for emergency purposes in FMD-free settings.
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fishbourne
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom. Electronic address: anna.ludi@pirbright.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Anna B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ludi
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ginette
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilsden
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Pip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hamblin
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Statham
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Abdelghani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bin-Tarif
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Via Bianchi, 9, 25024 Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Emiliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brocchi
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Via Bianchi, 9, 25024 Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Santina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grazioli
authors.affiliation: Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Laboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.affiliation: Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Laboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Phaedra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eblé
authors.affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Donald P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000352:Africa, Northern; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D064789:Immunity, Heterologous; D008877:Middle East; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Challenge; Foot-and-mouth disease virus; In vivo potency; Vaccine