title: Effect of Natural β-Glucosidase Inhibitors in Reducing Toxicity of Amygdalin in Persicae Semen.
abstract: Amygdalin can be decomposed into hydrocyanic acid, which is the primary source of Persicae Semen toxicity, by gut flora. Here, the inhibitory activity of β-glucosidase for test herb extracts was first determined and compared. In turn, optimization of the ratio of substrate and inhibitor in vitro and LD50values of extracts, serum and liver contents of amygdalin in vivo was measured. Lycii Cortex was found to be the best inhibitory activity for β-glucosidase. The ratio of amygdalin-to-Lycii Cortex extract of 7.19:8.18 (mmol L-1/mg mL-1) can be relatively suitable for inhibiting β-glucosidase activity in test in vitro reaction system. After mixed with Lycii Cortex extract, the toxicity of Persicae Semen ethanol extract in mice is significantly reduced and more amygdalin can be absorbed into the bloodstream. The study provides useful information for reducing toxicity of Persicae Semen and suggests how to better use these natural β-glucosidase inhibitors in the utilization of glycosides and aglycones. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-2468
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Honggai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xinhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Wenyuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000678:Amygdalin / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D005502:Food / Q000633:toxicity*; D005504:Food Analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012639:Seeds; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000678:Amygdalin; D001617:beta-Glucosidase
keywords: Persicae Semen; amygdalin; medicinal and edible herbs; reducing toxicity; β-glucosidase inhibitors