title: Partial renal resection by LaparoNewPro: in vivo open and laparoscopic study in an animal model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this research project was to test an incremental bipolar radiofrequency generator with open and laparoscopic inline electrode probe for partial renal resection without vascular clamping.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen polar resections with clamping and six without were performed in four pigs in the acute phase. Three pigs underwent laparoscopic polar resection and were live housed for ten days and reoperated to verify the presence of hematic and urinary collection and the condition of the renal edge. Five pigs underwent laparoscopic polar resection without clamping, and two of these were live housed and reoperated after ten days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polar renal resection by our system (LaparoNewPro) turned out to be effective and safe, without cardio-respiratory complications or damage to the remaining parenchyma. Coagulation of the renal parenchyma before resection is effective and safe; at the reoperation, no complications were observed. The laparoscopic version of the probe is ergonomic and safe, with effective coagulation and a small amount of smoke produced. No complications occurred in the housed animals. No damage, local or to residual parenchyma, or thrombosis of the renal vessels were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LaparoNewPro is able to deliver coagulation of the resection line effectively and independently of clamping of the vessels both in the open and laparoscopic approaches. Coagulation times are short, the automatism of the generator is reliable, and the open and laparoscopic probes are ergonomic.
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Surgery , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Surgery , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7968-2109
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montuori
authors.affiliation: b Department of Urology , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bove
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Surgery , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Majo
authors.affiliation: a Department of General Surgery , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ricciardi
authors.affiliation: c Department of Biology STA ; University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-8873
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mattei
authors.affiliation: c Department of Biology STA ; University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.affiliation: d Department of Systems Medicine , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Luigino
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calzetta
authors.affiliation: e L.E.D. S.p.a , Aprilia (Latina) , Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mauti
authors.affiliation: e L.E.D. S.p.a , Aprilia (Latina) , Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Intini
authors.affiliation: e L.E.D. S.p.a , Aprilia (Latina) , Italy.
authors.forename: Valentino
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Quattrini
authors.affiliation: f Department of Statistics , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiaramonte
authors.affiliation: g Anatomic Pathology Division , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mauriello
authors.affiliation: b Department of Urology , University Hospital of Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vespasiani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003250:Constriction; D006804:Ergonomics; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D023421:Models, Animal; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000601:surgery; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000601:surgery; D024162:Second-Look Surgery; D013552:Swine
keywords: LaparoNewPro; Nephron sparing surgery; bipolar radiofrequency; multi-electrode probe; partial nephrectomy