title: Ultramicroscopy reveals a layer of multiply folded membranes around the tannin-accumulating vacuole in honeysuckle petal trichomes.
abstract: Transmission electron microscopy was used to reveal a layer of multiply folded membranes that closely surrounded the tannin-accumulating vacuole in cells of honeysuckle petal trichomes. A huge amount of tannins were deposited in the peripheral region and the center of the vacuole. The prolific membranes extended to the tannins deposited along the vacuole periphery. It was difficult to distinguish the vacuole membrane, and it seemed as if it was the layer of multiply folded membranes that separated the vacuole lumen from the cytoplasm. In addition, there were also membrane assemblies in the cytoplasm away from the vacuole, which were continuous with the proliferated membranes bordering the vacuole. Therefore, the tannin-accumulating vacuole was in close association with a very large network of proliferated membranes. The occurrence of such a layer of multiply folded membranes around the tannin-accumulating vacuole might be a structural strategy for improvement of the efficiency of vacuolar accumulation of tannins.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Shengnan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
authors.forename: Navid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Zhengyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China; Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA(1).
authors.forename: Mingxiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Shangcai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China. Electronic address: liulin@lyu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D029788:Diospyros / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D031239:Lonicera / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D064201:Trichomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D013634:Tannins
keywords: Honeysuckle; Membrane proliferation; Petal; Tannin-accumulating vacuole; Trichome