title: Bioconcentration of the antidepressant fluoxetine and its effects on the physiological and biochemical status in Daphnia magna.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioconcentration potential of fluoxetine and its biological effects in Daphnia magna. After 48h of waterborne exposure, the bioconcentration of fluoxetine in D. magna was determined to be 460.61 and 174.41Lkg-1for nominal exposure concentrations of 0.5 and 5µgL-1, respectively. Moreover, various biological endpoints, including physiological responses (filtration and ingestion rates), enzymatic biomarkers related to neurotoxicity [acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] and antioxidant defense [superoxide dismutase (SOD)], and an oxidative stress damage marker [malondialdehyde (MDA)], were assessed. Fluoxetine exposure increased the filtration rate of daphnia, while the ingestion rate was not obviously modified. AChE activity was significantly inhibited, highlighting the neurotoxicity of fluoxetine on D. magna. However, with some alterations in the SOD activity and MDA content, no obvious oxidative damage was observed in D. magna exposed to fluoxetine at the tested concentrations. These results indicate that fluoxetine can be accumulated and consequently induce physiological and biochemical perturbations in D. magna.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China.
authors.forename: Jiannan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China. Electronic address: zouhua@jiangnan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mamitiana Razanajatovo
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D005473:Fluoxetine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase
keywords: Bioconcentration; Biomarker; Daphnia magna; Fluoxetine