title: Development of Sialic Acid-coated Nanoparticles for Targeting Cancer and Efficient Evasion of the Immune System.
abstract: Evading the reticuloendothelial system (RES) remains a critical challenge in the development of efficient delivery and diagnostic systems for cancer. Sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac) is recognized as a "self" marker by major serum protein complement factor H and shows reduced interaction with the innate immune systemviasialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec), which is known as one of the significant regulators of phagocytic evasion. Accordingly, we prepared different surface-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and investigated the effects of sialic acid on cellular and immune responses of nanoparticlesin vitroandin vivo. Sialic acid modification not only facilitates evasion of the RES by suppressing the immune response, but also enhances tumor accumulationviaits active targeting ability. Therefore, sialic acid modification presents a promising strategy to advance nanotechnology towards the prospect of clinical translation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Young-Hwa
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Kyung Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Zhantong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Jihoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Guizhi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Yijing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Bryant
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yung
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaoyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006046:Gold / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
keywords: Neu5Ac); anti-recognition effect; evading phagocytosis; lectin targeting; molecular imaging; positron emission tomography (PET).; sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid