title: In ovo exposure to omega-3 fatty acids does not enhance omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens.
abstract: The content of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) in chicken meat can be boosted by feeding broilers a diet containing α-linolenic acid (ALA, from flaxseed oil), some of which is converted by hepatic enzymes to n-3 LCPUFA. However, most of the accumulated n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in meat tissues is still in the form of ALA. Despite this, the levels of chicken diets are being enhanced by the inclusion of vegetable and marine sources of omega-3 fats. This study investigated whether the capacity of chicken for n-3 LCPUFA accumulation could be enhanced or inhibited by exposure to an increased supply of ALA or n-3 LCPUFA in ovo. Breeder hens were fed either flaxseed oil (High-ALA), fish oil (high n-3 LCPUFA) or tallow- (low n-3 PUFA, Control) based diets. The newly hatched chicks in each group were fed either the High-ALA or the Control diets until harvest at 42 days' post-hatch. The n-3 PUFA content of egg yolk and day-old chick meat closely matched the n-3 PUFA composition of the maternal diet. In contrast, the n-3 PUFA composition of breast and leg meat tissues of the 42-day-old offspring closely matched the diet fed post-hatch, with no significant effect of maternal diet. Indeed, there was an inhibition of n-3 LCPUFA accumulation in meat of the broilers from the maternal Fish-Oil diet group when fed the post-hatch High-ALA diet. Therefore, this approach is not valid to elevate n-3 LCPUFA in chicken meat.
authors.affiliation: 1FOODplus Research Centre,School of Agriculture, Food and Wine,University of Adelaide,Adelaide,Urrbrae, SA 5064,Australia.
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-5783
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanakri
authors.affiliation: 1FOODplus Research Centre,School of Agriculture, Food and Wine,University of Adelaide,Adelaide,Urrbrae, SA 5064,Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carragher
authors.affiliation: 1FOODplus Research Centre,School of Agriculture, Food and Wine,University of Adelaide,Adelaide,Urrbrae, SA 5064,Australia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muhlhausler
authors.affiliation: 2South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI),Roseworthy Campus,Roseworthy, SA 5371,Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: 1FOODplus Research Centre,School of Agriculture, Food and Wine,University of Adelaide,Adelaide,Urrbrae, SA 5064,Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gibson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
keywords: chicks; fish oil; flaxseed oil; maternal diet; meat; n−3