title: Survival of the House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) on Truvia and Other Sweeteners.
abstract: The house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is a disease vector of mechanically transmitted pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and protozoans. Opportunities for pathogen transmission can increase as fly longevity increases. Dietary preferences play an important role in insect longevity; therefore, we investigated house fly preferences, sucrose availability, and caloric constraints on house fly longevity. Experimental goals were: 1) to test the effects of calorie restriction on survival of house flies by manipulating concentrations of erythritol (low caloric content) and sucrose (high caloric content), and comparing commercial sweeteners of differing calorie content, 2) to identify house fly preferences for either erythritol or sucrose, and 3) to evaluate the insecticidal activity or toxicity of erythritol on house flies. Our data show that house flies may prefer high calorie options when given a choice and that house fly longevity likely increases as calorie content increases. Additionally, no significant differences in longevity were observed between the water only control (zero calories) and erythritol treatments. This suggests that decreased survival rates and death could be the result of starvation rather than insecticidal activity. This research furthers our understanding of house fly survival and sugar-feeding behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Grinnells Laboratories, 3200 Faucette Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695.|United States Navy Medical Service Corps, Navy Operational Support Center Raleigh 2725 Western Blvd Raleigh, NC 27606.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Grinnells Laboratories, 3200 Faucette Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695.
authors.forename: Fallon E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Grinnells Laboratories, 3200 Faucette Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695.
authors.forename: Steven S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Denning
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Grinnells Laboratories, 3200 Faucette Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002755:Choice Behavior; D004896:Erythritol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006793:Houseflies / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism*; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013395:Sucrose; D004896:Erythritol
keywords: Musca domestica; Truvia; erythritol; mortality; sugar-feeding