title: Quantitative analysis of the tomato nuclear proteome during Phytophthora capsici infection unveils regulators of immunity.
abstract: Plant-pathogen interactions are complex associations driven by the interplay of host and microbe-encoded factors. With secreted pathogen proteins (effectors) and immune signalling components found in the plant nucleus, this compartment is a battleground where susceptibility is specified. We hypothesized that, by defining changes in the nuclear proteome during infection, we can pinpoint vital components required for immunity or susceptibility. We tested this hypothesis by documenting dynamic changes in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) nuclear proteome during infection by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici. We enriched nuclei from infected and noninfected tissues and quantitatively assessed changes in the nuclear proteome. We then tested the role of candidate regulators in immunity through functional assays. We demonstrated that the host nuclear proteome dynamically changes during P. capsici infection. We observed that known nuclear immunity factors were differentially expressed and, based on this observation, selected a set of candidate regulators that we successfully implicated in immunity to P. capsici. Our work exemplifies a powerful strategy to gain rapid insight into important nuclear processes that underpin complex crop traits such as resistance. We have identified a large set of candidate nuclear factors that may underpin immunity to pathogens in crops.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Dundee Effector Consortium, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew J M
authors.initials: AJM
authors.lastname: Howden
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Dundee Effector Consortium, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Section of Population Genetics, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Remco
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stam
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Dundee Effector Consortium, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martinez Heredia
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Dundee Effector Consortium, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Cell and Molecular Sciences, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Graham B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Motion
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ten Have
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hodge
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Dundee Effector Consortium, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Tiago M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Marques Monteiro Amaro
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.|Dundee Effector Consortium, JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0830
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huitema
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D057865:Plant Immunity; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020543:Proteome
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: 
  Phytophthora
  ; immunity; nucleus; plant-microbe interactions; quantitative proteomics; tomato