title: The Effect of Phloroglucinol, A Component of Ecklonia cava Extract, on Hepatic Glucose Production.
abstract: Phloroglucinol is a phenolic compound that is one of the major compounds inEcklonia cava(brown alga). It has many pharmacological activities, but its anti-diabetic effect is not yet fully explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of phloroglucinol on the control of blood glucose levels and the regulation of hepatic glucose production. Phloroglucinol significantly improved glucose tolerance in male C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) and inhibited glucose production in mouse primary hepatocytes. The expression of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA and protein (G6Pase), enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, were inhibited in liver tissue from phloroglucinol-treated mice and in phloroglucinol-treated HepG2 cells. In addition, phloroglucinol treatment increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α in HepG2 cells. Treatment with compound C, an AMPKα inhibitor, inhibited the increase of phosphorylated AMPKα and the decrease of PEPCK and G6Pase expression caused by phloroglucinol treatment. We conclude that phloroglucinol may inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis via modulating the AMPKα signaling pathway, and thus lower blood glucose levels.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea. yoonj6@naver.com.
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea. hchoi@gachon.ac.kr.|Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea. hchoi@gachon.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hojung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea. hsjun@gachon.ac.kr.|Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea. hsjun@gachon.ac.kr.|Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Korea. hsjun@gachon.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hee-Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jun
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019764:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010696:Phloroglucinol; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase; D019764:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP); D005947:Glucose
keywords: AMPKα; G6Pase; PEPCK; Phloroglucinol; gluconeogenesis