title: Iron Deficiency Treatment in Patients with Heart Failure.
abstract: Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the major risk factors for disability and mortality worldwide, and it was identified as a common and ominous comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF), both with and without anaemia. Based on two clinical trials (FAIR-HF and CONFIRM-HF) and other epidemiological evidence, ID has been recognized as an important therapeutic target in symptomatic patients with HF and LVEF ≤45%.Intravenous iron supplementation has been demonstrated to be safe and effective for iron repletion and related with an improvement in clinical status, exercise capacity, and quality of life. Ongoing trials are testing the hypothesis that such a therapy may also reduce the risk of HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular death.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. ewa.jankowska@umed.wroc.pl.|Cardiology Department, Centre for Heart Diseases, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland. ewa.jankowska@umed.wroc.pl.
authors.forename: Ewa A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Jankowska
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.|Cardiology Department, Centre for Heart Diseases, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drozd
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, Centre for Heart Diseases, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.|Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ponikowski
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D064451:Hepcidins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D011379:Prognosis; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D064451:Hepcidins; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D014131:Trace Elements; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron
keywords: Ferric carboxymaltose; Ferritin; Heart failure; Hepcidin; Intravenous iron; Iron deficiency; Iron therapy; Transferrin saturation soluble transferrin receptor