title: The effect of hesperidin and quercetin on oxidative stress, NF-κB and SIRT1 levels in a STZ-induced experimental diabetes model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of SIRT1 and NF-κB in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus in rats with STZ-induced diabetes and determine the effects of hesperidin and quercetin on oxidative stress and on the levels of SIRT1 and NF-κB.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experimental animals were divided into four groups, each group comprising ten rats designated as follows: group 1 served as control rats (C); group 2 served as diabetic rats (DM); group 3 served as diabetic rats administered hesperidin (DM+HSP) (100mg/kg b.w.) in aqueous suspension orally for 15 days; and group 4 served as diabetic rats administered quercetin (DM+Q) (100mg/kg b.w.) in aqueous suspension orally for 15 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In diabetic group, liver and kidney SIRT1, SOD and CAT activities were significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). Hesperidin and quercetin caused significant increase in the SIRT1, SOD and CAT activities of both DM+HP and DM+Q groups kidney tissues compared to DM group (p<0.05). Liver SOD activies were not found to differ significantly between DM, DM+Q and DM+HP groups (p>0.05). In DM+HP group, liver CAT activities were significantly higher than DM (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in liver CAT activities between DM and DM+Q (p>0.05). In diabetic group, liver and kidney NF-κB and MDA levels were increased compared to control group (p<0.05), and groups of DM+HP and DM+Q had lower NF-κB and MDA levels than diabetic group (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a conclusion, based on the results we obtained from this study and the literature data discussed above, we determined in STZ-induced diabetic rats that, increased glucose levels and liver and kidney damage markers decreased significantly after administration of hesperedin and quercetin, and that oxidative stress and NF-κB levels increased while SIRT1 levels decreased in the diabetic group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey. Electronic address: haticeiskender2011@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iskender
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey. Electronic address: edadokumacioglu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Eda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dokumacioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Teknik University, Trabzon 61000, Turkey. Electronic address: tugba.mazlum@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tugba Mazlum
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Teknik University, Trabzon 61000, Turkey. Electronic address: narmince@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Imran
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ince
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey. Electronic address: yalcinkanbay@artvin.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Yalcin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanbay
authors.affiliation: Guneysu Vocational School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize 53000, Turkey. Electronic address: sinansaral61@msn.com.
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saral
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016328:NF-kappa B; D013311:Streptozocin; D011794:Quercetin; D006569:Hesperidin; C488368:Sirt1 protein, rat; D056564:Sirtuin 1
keywords: Diabetes; Hesperidin; NF-κB; Oxidative stress; Quercetin; Sirtuin-1