title: Controlled Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene on Ruthenium from Azafullerene.
abstract: The controlled synthesis of high-quality nitrogen (N) doped single layer graphene on the Ru(0001) surface has been achieved using the N-containing sole precursor azafullerence (C59NH). The synthesis process and doping properties have been investigated on the atomic scale by combining scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. We find for the first time that the concentration of N-related defects on the N-doped graphene/Ru(0001) surface is tunable by adjusting the dosage of sole precursor and the number of growth cycles. Two primary types of N-related defects have been observed. The predominant bonding configuration of N atoms in the obtained graphene layer is pyridinic N. Our findings indicate that the synthesis from heteroatom-containing sole precursors is a very promising approach for the preparation of doped graphene materials with controlled doping properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University , Northridge, California 91330, United States.|Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University , Northridge, California 91330, United States.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neilson
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yanbang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University , Northridge, California 91330, United States.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University , Northridge, California 91330, United States.
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Liangbing
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6646-3452
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University , Northridge, California 91330, United States.
authors.forename: Li
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6615-6807
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
keywords: Nitrogen-doped graphene; azafullerene; doping properties; nitrogen-containing sole precursor; scanning tunneling microscopy