title: Mangiferin prevents corticosterone-induced behavioural deficits via alleviation of oxido-nitrosative stress and down-regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, a substantial amount of experimental studies have demonstrated that exogenous administration of corticosterone causes anxiety and depressive-like behaviour in rodents which involves hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation. Our present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective potential of mangiferin against corticosterone-induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Corticosterone (40 mg/kg; subcutaneously) was administered once daily in swiss albino mice for 21 days. Mice were treated simultaneously with mangiferin (40 mg/kg; p.o.), 30 min prior to the corticosterone injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chronic administration of corticosterone caused anxiety and depressive-like behaviour in mice which was significantly alleviated by mangiferin treatment. Biochemical analysis revealed that mangiferin treatment significantly attenuated corticosterone-induced oxido-nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus region. Furthermore, concomitant treatment with mangiferin significantly enhanced the hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level and decreased the serum corticosterone level in the corticosterone-treated animals. Western blotting analysis revealed that corticosterone administration significantly up-regulated the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) protein expression level in the hippocampus which was significantly reduced by mangiferin treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, our results suggest that mangiferin exerts anti-anxiety and antidepressant effect in corticosterone-treated rats, which is probably mediated through up-regulation of BDNF level along with inhibition of oxido-nitrosative stress, neuroinflammation and IDO up-regulation in the hippocampus region.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command , Guangdong , China.
authors.forename: Gao-Quan
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: b Department of The Geriatric Ward , Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command , Guangdong , China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command , Guangdong , China.
authors.forename: Qu-Wen
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command , Guangdong , China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Na
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command , Guangdong , China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command , Guangdong , China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000633:toxicity; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects*; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D000073039:Nitrosative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Mangiferin; corticosterone; hippocampus; indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; neuroinflammation; oxido-nitrosative stress