title: Implementation of effective, self-sustaining headache services in the Republic of Georgia: Evaluation of their impact on headache-related disability and quality of life of people with headache.
abstract: Background Headache disorders are widespread and disabling. They are common in Georgia, especially headache on ≥15 days/month (HA ≥ 15), but there are no headache services. Objective We established headache services meeting local needs, investigating feasibility, consumer uptake and satisfaction, and cost, with an exit strategy bequeathing effective, self-sustaining services that could be rolled out nationwide. Methods We created headache centres in Tbilisi and Gori offering free expert care for three visits over three months, and affordable medication thereafter. The primary outcome measure was the percentage of patients using the service beyond the free period - a measure of both satisfaction and sustainability. Results Of 1,445 patients (age 43.7 ± 12.4 years; 10.5% male), 49.8% had episodic migraine, 22.5% episodic tension-type headache, 25.7% HA ≥ 15 (24.5% overusing medication) and 2.0% trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Only 454 (31.4%) and 51 (3.5%) returned for second and third visits; in these, headache improved and treatment costs decreased. As information about the service spread, five other headache clinics opened in Tbilisi and Kutaisi (western Georgia). Pharmaceutical companies reduced prices (sumatriptan 100 mg from US$7 to US$1). Conclusion The study failed to achieve its primary outcome, but sustainable headache services operating to international standards were successfully implemented nonetheless, with demand increasing.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurology, LTD Aversi Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Gvantsa
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giorgadze
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurology, LTD Aversi Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Maka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mania
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Research, Ilia State University, Georgia.
authors.forename: Maka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kukava
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Neurology, S Khechinashvili University Hospital Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dzagnidze
authors.affiliation: 4 International School of Public Health, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
authors.forename: Ekaterine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mirvelashvili
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.|6 Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.affiliation: 7 Department of Neurology, Evangelical Hospital Unna, Germany.|8 University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Zaza
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Katsarava
mesh_terms: D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005846:Georgia (Republic) / Q000453:epidemiology; D006261:Headache / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011788:Quality of Life
keywords: Headache; headache services; migraine; public health