title: Long-Term Stability After Regenerative Treatment of Infrabony Defects: A Retrospective Case Series.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate long-term stability of attachment achieved in infrabony defects (IBDs) by regenerative treatment.
  
  
  
  All patients who had received regenerative treatment for at least one IBD between 2004 and 2010 were screened for this retrospective case series. If complete examinations (plaque/gingival index, probing depth [PD], vertical clinical attachment level [CAL-V]) were available for patients at baseline and 12 months after surgery, they were invited for reexamination 60 ± 12 months after surgery. Reexamination involved testing for interleukin (IL)-1 polymorphism and counting number of supportive periodontal treatment (SPT) visits. Forty-one patients (24 males and 17 females; age, median: 62.0 years, lower/upper quartile: 49.8/68.3 years; six smokers, and 9 IL-1 positive) were included for analysis, each contributing one IBD.
  
  
  
  Regenerative therapy resulted in significant attachment gain after 1 (median: -3 mm, lower/upper quartile: -1.5/-4 mm; P <0.001) and 5 (median: -3 mm, lower/upper quartile: -1.9/4.5 mm; P <0.001) years. The study failed to detect median change of CAL-V from 1 to 5 years after surgery (median: 0 mm; lower/upper quartile: -1/1.5 mm; P = 0.84). Multiple regression analysis identified that number of SPT visits is correlated with CAL-V gain from 1 to 5 years after surgery. IL-1 polymorphism and percentage of sites with PD >6 mm at 5-year reexamination are correlated with CAL-V loss from 1 to 5 years after surgery.
  
  
  
  CAL-V achieved by regenerative therapy in IBDs may have retained stability over 5 years. Frequent SPT is associated with stability. IL-1 polymorphism and generalized reinfection are associated with less stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nickles
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dannewitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gallenbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ramich
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scharf
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Lasse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Röllke
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eickholz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D003773:Dental Plaque; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000601:surgery; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1
keywords: Enamel matrix proteins; guided tissue regeneration, periodontal; periodontal attachment loss; periodontitis; secondary prevention; surgical procedures, operative