title: Efficacy of Bendiocarb Used for Indoor Residual Spraying for Malaria Control in Madagascar: Results With Local Anopheles Species (Diptera: Culicidae) From Experimental Hut Trials.
abstract: To control malaria in Madagascar, two primary vector control interventions are being scaled up: insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying of bendiocarb, which was implemented in the Malagasy Central Highlands in 2009. The current efficacy of bendiocarb against Anopheles species was evaluated in a small-scale field trial. An experimental hut trial comparing the effectiveness of bendiocarb sprayed on five substrates (cement, wood, tin, mud, and vegetative materials) was carried out against Anopheles species in two study sites located in the eastern foothills of Madagascar. No significant difference was detected in either exophily or blood-feeding rates between treated and untreated huts. The mortality rate was significantly greater in treated huts compared to untreated huts. Efficacy up to 80% was found for 5 mo posttreatment. Although effective, bendiocarb has been used for 7 yr, and therefore an alternative insecticide may be needed to avoid the emergence of resistance.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo, Madagascar.|Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Université d'Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors.forename: Sanjiarizaha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Randriamaherijaona
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo, Madagascar.|Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Université d'Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors.forename: Thiery Nirina Jean Jose
authors.initials: TNJJ
authors.lastname: Nepomichene
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo, Madagascar.|Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Institut Pasteur 25-28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jade
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Assoukpa
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Institut Pasteur 25-28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Yoann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Madec
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D006798:Housing; D007306:Insecticides; D008270:Madagascar; D009032:Mosquito Control; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D048448:Phenylcarbamates
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; C007725:bendiocarb
keywords: Indoor residual spraying; Madagascar; bendiocarb; experimental hut; residual activity