title: Effects of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on the treatment of ligature-induced periodontitis in rats
abstract: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on the treatment of induced periodontitis in rats. Periodontitis was induced in 84 rats via ligature placement around the second upper molar, which was removed after 7 days, and scaling and root planning (SRP) was performed at this time. Subsequently, the rats were randomly allocated to four groups with 21 animals each: One SRP group in which saline solution was administered (SS), and three groups in which ASU was administered (0.6 g/kg/day), beginning either 7 days before the induction of periodontitis (SRP/ASU-7), on the day of periodontitis induction (SRP/ASU0), or on the day of treatment (SRP/ASU+7). ASU and SS were administered daily by gavage until the sacrifice of the animals (7, 15, and 30 days after SRP). The % bone in the furcation area was evaluated by histomorphometry and micro-CT. The expression of proteins (TRAP, RANKL, and alkaline phosphatase) and mRNA (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL, and alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. The SRP/ASU+7 group presented a higher percentage of bone fill in the furcation area and higher expression of alkaline phosphatase than in the SRP group (at 7 and 30 days, respectively). The SRP/ASU0 and SRP/ASU+7 groups presented lower expression levels of RANKL mRNA than the SRP and SRP/ASU-7 groups at 15 days. ASU administration on the day of the SRP treatment of the ligature-induced periodontitis promoted subtle beneficial effects on periodontal repair following the treatment of induced periodontitis within the experimental period of 7 days.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de São Paulo - UNESP, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitário Unievangélica, Department of Periodontology, Anápolis, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Guilherme Freitas de
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dental School, Department of Stomatological Science, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Antônio Chaves de
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Aarhus University, Department of Dentistry, Section of Oral Radiology, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rubens
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spin-Neto
authors.affiliation: Malmo University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, Malmo, Sweden.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stavropoulos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de São Paulo - UNESP, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosemary Adriana Chiérici
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Marcantonio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D027421:Persea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016745:Root Planing / Q000379:methods; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053245:RANK Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase