title: Impact of Euro-American sublineages ofMycobacterium tuberculosison new infections among named contacts.
abstract: The impact of demographic, clinical, and bacterial factors on new infection by Euro-American lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis among contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) has not been evaluated.
  
  
  
  To describe the risk factors for new infection by Euro-American M. tuberculosis sublineages in San Francisco, California.
  
  
  
  We included contacts of patients with TB due to Euro-American M. tuberculosis. Sublineages were determined by large-sequence polymorphisms. We used tuberculin skin testing or QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube to identify contacts with new infection. Regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to determine the risk factors for new infection.
  
  
  
  We included 1488 contacts from 134 patients with TB. There were 79 (5.3%) contacts with new infection. In adjusted analyses, contacts of patients with TB due to region of difference 219 M. tuberculosis sublineage were less likely to have new infection (OR 0.23, 95%CI 0.06-0.84) than those with other sublineages. Other risk factors for new infection were contacts exposed to more than one patient with TB, contacts exposed for 30 days, or contacts with a history of smoking or excessive alcohol consumption.
  
  
  
  In addition to well-known exposure and clinical characteristics, bacterial characteristics independently contribute to the transmissibility of TB in San Francisco.
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Jarlsberg
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: San Francisco Tuberculosis Control Section, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, Office of Equity and Quality Improvement, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Grinsdale
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janes
authors.affiliation: San Francisco Tuberculosis Control Section, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Higashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Osmond
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nahid
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hopewell
authors.affiliation: Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato-Maeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016358:Contact Tracing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059425:Interferon-gamma Release Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult