title: Soluble TWEAK and atheromatosis progression in patients with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Circulating soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) concentrations are related to the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there are no data regarding the potential association between sTWEAK and atheromatosis progression in patients free of cardiovascular events.
  
  
  
  Soluble TWEAK serum concentration was measured in 702 CKD patients without any previous CV event from The National Observatory of Atherosclerosis in Nephrology (NEFRONA) Study. B-mode ultrasound was performed to detect the presence of carotid and/or femoral atherosclerotic plaques. The association between sTWEAK levels, atherosclerotic burden (number of plaques) and atheromatosis progression (increase in the number of plaques) after 24 months of follow-up was analyzed.
  
  
  
  A continuous decrease in sTWEAK concentrations, with an increase in the number of atherosclerotic plaques after 24 months of follow-up, was observed in the studied population. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that age, blood pressure, HDL-c, and sTWEAK concentrations were independent predictors of atherosclerotic burden after 24 months of follow-up. In addition, sTWEAK concentrations diminished in CKD patients in whom progressive silent atherosclerosis was observed. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that age, sex, smoking status and sTWEAK levels were independent predictors of atheromatosis progression after 24 months of follow-up.
  
  
  
  Lower sTWEAK concentrations are associated with atherosclerotic burden and atheromatosis progression in CKD patients free of clinical CVD. These data suggest that sTWEAK could serve as a biomarker to predict CV risk before clinical manifestations.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Cardiovascular Disease (CIBERCV), Spain.
authors.forename: Valvanera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fernández-Laso
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Nerea
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Méndez-Barbero
authors.affiliation: Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Valdivielso
authors.affiliation: Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain.
authors.forename: Angels
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Betriu
authors.affiliation: Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain; Unit for Detection and Treatment of Atherothrombotic Diseases (UDETMA), Vascular and Renal Translational Research Laboratory, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egido
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Cardiovascular Disease (CIBERCV), Spain.
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martín-Ventura
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Cardiovascular Disease (CIBERCV), Spain. Electronic address: lblanco@fjd.es.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Blanco-Colio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D000074049:Cytokine TWEAK / Q000097:blood*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000074049:Cytokine TWEAK; C109743:TNFSF12 protein, human
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Chronic kidney disease; Progression; sTWEAK