title: Foreign body aspiration in children: Focus on the impact of delayed treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to analyze the impact of delayed treatment of foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 220 children who were diagnosed with FBA through rigid bronchoscopy from January 2010 to May 2016 in our hospital. The time elapsed between aspiration event and arrival at our hospital exceeded 24 h was considered to have a delayed treatment. The occurrence rate of complications at admission, operation time and hospitalization time were compared between the delayed treatment group and non-delayed treatment group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 220 children diagnosed with FBA by rigid bronchoscopy were enrolled in this study, including 138(62.7%) boys and 82(37.3%) girls. The median age was 20 months. Only 102 (46.4%) cases came to our hospital within 24 h. The remaining 118 (53.6%) cases had a delayed treatment. The occurrence rate of complication at admission was significantly higher in the delayed treatment group than in the non-delayed treatment group (80.5% vs. 52.9%, P < 0.01). Delayed treatment group also had significantly longer operation time and hospitalization time than non-delayed treatment group (median operation time: 18min vs. 10min; median hospitalization time: 4d vs. 3d; both P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, delayed treatment remained an independent risk factor for longer operation time (HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.13-5.44, P = 0.02) and longer hospitalization time (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.23-3.88, P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delayed treatment of FBA is not only related to higher occurrence rate of complication but also associated with longer operation and hospitalization time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou, China. Electronic address: chenxiaoxi_zmc@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou, China.
authors.forename: Chunlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001980:Bronchi; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014132:Trachea
keywords: Aspiration; Children; Complications; Foreign body; Rigid bronchoscopy; Treatment