title: A Preclinical Systematic Review of Ginsenoside-Rg1 in Experimental Parkinson's Disease.
abstract: To date, no drug has been proven to be neuroprotective or disease-modifying for Parkinson's disease (PD) in clinical trials. Here, we aimed to assess preclinical evidence of Ginsenosides-Rg1 (G-Rg1), a potential neuroprotectant, for experimental PD and its possible mechanisms. Eligible studies were identified by searching six electronic databases from their inception to August 2016. Twenty-five eligible studies involving 516 animals were identified. The quality score of these studies ranged from 3 to 7. Compared with the control group, two out of the 12 studies of MPTP-induced PD showed significant effects of G-Rg1 for improving the rotarod test (P< 0.01), two studies for improving the swim-score values (P< 0.01), six studies for improving the level of TH protein expression (P< 0.01), and two studies for increasing the expression of TH mRNA in the substantia nigra of mice (P< 0.01). The studies reported that G-Rg1 exerted potential neuroprotective effects on PD model through different mechanisms as antineuroinflammatory activities (n= 10), antioxidant stress (n= 3), and antiapoptosis (n= 11). In conclusion, G-Rg1 exerted potential neuroprotective functions against PD largely by antineuroinflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic effects. G-Rg1 as a promising neuroprotectant for PD needs further confirmation by clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Bei
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
authors.forename: Dao-Pei
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Ling
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3338-6889
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Qing
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5286-5696
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1