title: Effect of Green Tea-Added Tablets on Volatile Sulfur-Containing Compounds in the Oral Cavity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A controlled, clinical, double-blind, cross-over study was conducted to assess the efficacy of sugar-free tablets containing green tea extract on oral volatile sulfur-containing compounds (VSC) versus placebo tablets for 30 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  To join the study, subjects had to have at least 24 teeth, no report of oral and systemic diseases, and no removable dentures. All eligible participants had to avoid professional oral hygiene and drugs for two weeks, to not be menstruating, to avoid brushing their teeth and tongue, to not smoke, to not consume alcohol, coffee or tea, nor onion, garlic, or licorice for six hours before the test. Moreover, they had to score a level of VSC ≥ 75 ppb at the basal measurement. Subjects were entered into their respective groups after a minimum 48-hour wash-out period. The test tablet (0.7 g) contained 0.05% green tea extract (equivalent of 1 mg polyphenols for three tablets); the control tablet was identical but without the active agent. The OralChroma2™ device was utilized to evaluate VSC in the oral air. The levels were recorded at baseline, after sucking three tablets in succession, and after 30 minutes. Data were analyzed with SPSS software and significance was set at α = 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  54 subjects completed the trial (23 men, 31 women). None reported problems linked to green tea. The mean reductions in VSC level from baseline at the end of tablet sucking were 34% (p < 0.001) in the control and 55% (p < 0.001) in the test group; after 30 minutes, reductions were 7% in the control (p = NS) and 26% (p < 0.005) in the test group. The comparisons between the two groups after baseline adjustment showed a statistically significant difference in reductions both at the end of the sucking period (p < 0.01) and after 30 minutes (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tablets containing green tea extract can statistically significantly reduce the oral VSC levels immediately, and after 30 minutes. Moreover, the test tablets reduced oral VSC significantly more than the control tablets.
authors.affiliation: University of Siena, Tuscan School of Dental Medicine, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Pier Francesco
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Porciani
authors.affiliation: University of Siena, Tuscan School of Dental Medicine, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grandini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006209:Halitosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth; D013455:Sulfur; D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D013607:Tablets; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D013607:Tablets; D013662:Tea; D013455:Sulfur
keywords: green tea; halitosis; oral malodor; volatile sulfur compounds