title: Validation and adaptation of the hospital consumer assessment of healthcare providers and systems in Arabic context: Evidence from Saudi Arabia.
abstract: One of the main purposes of healthcare organizations is to serve patients by providing safe and high-quality patient-centered care. Patients are considered the most appropriate source to assess the quality level of healthcare services. The objectives of this paper were to describe the translation and adaptation process of the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey for Arabic speaking populations, examine the degree of equivalence between the original English version and the Arabic translated version, and estimate and report the validity and reliability of the translated Arabic HCAHPS version. The translation process had four main steps: (1) qualified bilingual translators translated the HCAHPS from English to Arabic; (2) the Arabic version was translated back to English and reviewed by experts to ensure content accuracy (content equivalence); (3) both Arabic and English versions were verified for accuracy and validity of the translation, checking for the similarities and differences (semantic equivalence); (4) finally, two independent bilinguals reviewed and made the final revision of both the Arabic and English versions separately and agreed on one final version that is similar and equivalent to the original English version in terms of content and meaning. The study findings showed that the overall Cronbach's α for the Arabic HCAHPS version was 0.90, showing good internal consistency across the 9 separate domains, which ranged from 0.70 to 0.97 Cronbach's α. The correlation coefficient between each statement for each separate domain revealed a highly positive significant correlation ranging from 0.72 to 0.89. The results of the study show empirical evidence of validity and reliability of HCAHPS in its Arabic version. Moreover, the Arabic version of HCAHPS in our study presented good internal consistency and it is highly recommended to be replicated and applied in the context of other Arab countries.
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health and Health Informatics in King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; Military School of Allied Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; Monash University, Australia. Electronic address: mratoubi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammed R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Alanazi
authors.affiliation: King Abdulaziz Medical City, NGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: AmryAh@ngha.med.sa.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alamry
authors.affiliation: King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK. Electronic address: Alsurmikh@ngha.med.sa.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Surimi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006268:Health Facilities; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Arabic language; HCAHPS psychometrics; Patient experience; Reliability; Saudi Arabia; Validity