title: Albumin reduces the antibacterial efficacy of wound antiseptics against Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The influence of proteins on the efficacy of antiseptic solutions has been rarely investigated even though exudate can contain high levels of protien. The aim of this study was to analyse the antibacterial efficacy of commonly used solutions in the presence of albumin protein.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using Staphylococcus aureus in a standardised quantitative suspension assay, the antibacterial effects of poly (1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) ethylene)-iodine (PVP-I) and octenidin-dihydrochloride/phenoxyethanol (OCT/PE) were analysed in the presence of 0-3% bovine serum albumin (BSA). These were compared with previous results obtained with polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Presence of albumin caused a significant (p<0.001) decrease in antibacterial effect in the analysed solutions. The concentrations of albumin that provoked highly significant decreases in the bacterial reduction factors of the study agents were: 0.01875 % for PVP-I, followed by 0.75 % for OCT/PE. After addition of 3 % albumin, adequate antimicrobial effects were ensured for titrations to 5 % PVP-I and 8 % OCT/PE. As we could show before, it is not possible to titrate PHMB in order to assure adequate potency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that albumin induces a significant decrease of the antibacterial potency of the analysed solutions.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kapalschinski
authors.affiliation: Graduate Engineer, Department Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Science, Giessen-Friedberg, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Seipp
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kückelhaus
authors.affiliation: Plastic surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Harati
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kolbenschlag
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daigeler
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehnhardt
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001645:Biguanides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D006801:Humans; D007097:Imines; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001645:Biguanides; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D007097:Imines; D011725:Pyridines; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C031233:polihexanide; D011206:Povidone-Iodine; C005398:phenoxyethanol; C034213:octenidine
keywords: antibacterial activity; antiseptic; octenidine; polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride; povidone-iodine