title: On the kinetics of organic pollutant degradation with Co2+/peroxymonosulfate process: When ammonium meets chloride.
abstract: A large amount of chloride and ammonium ions were produced and released from industrial processes with non-biodegradable organic pollutants to affect efficiencies of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Here, the influences of chloride and ammonium ions on Co/peroxymonosulfate (Co/PMS) reaction system, a widely used AOPs to produce sulfate radicals, were investigated by examining the degradation efficiency of an azo dye (Acid Orange 7, AO7). The experimental results showed that a significant decrease in the degradation rate of AO7 was observed in the presence of NH4+, while a dual effect of chloride on AO7 bleaching appeared. The presence of NH4Cl was unfavorable for AO7 degradation at low concentration (<20 mM), whereas further addition of NH4Cl (>20 mM) apparently accelerated AO7 discoloration rate. The apparent effects of the two co-existing inorganic ions were determined by roles of the dominating ions at varied molar ratio of [NH4+]/[Cl-]. The present study may have technical implications for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing diverse ions in practice.
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Luoyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; International Centre for Balanced Land Use (ICBLU), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Electronic address: zhaohuiwang@dhu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. Electronic address: liujianshe@dhu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianshe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D004396:Coloring Agents; D007477:Ions; D010545:Peroxides; D013431:Sulfates; D062065:Wastewater; C069025:sulfate radical; C038288:peroxymonosulfate; C014722:2-naphthol orange
keywords: Ammonium ion; Chloride ion; Co/PMS system; Wastewater treatment