title: Association of physiological and psychological health outcomes with physical activity and sedentary behavior in adults with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) over a 6-month period with physiological and psychological factors in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 26 middle-aged (mean age=56.1±10.8 years; 42% women), overweight/obese (mean body mass index (BMI) =37.22±8.78 kg/m2) adults who had been diagnosed with T2D within the past 5 years (mean HbA1c=7.81%). Participants underwent a physical examination, blood tests, and psychological questionnaires, including a self-report questionnaire that assessed the consumption of high glycemic and low glycemic load foods. Participants wore an Actigraph accelerometer for 7 days to assess MVPA and SB. All measures were collected at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up. Spearman rank correlations and regression models were conducted to examine the relationship between activity variables, and the association of activity measures with health outcomes at the 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreases in duration of SB bouts and increases in MVPA were associated with decreased levels of HbA1c (p<0.05). Over 50% of the variance in HbA1c levels could be attributed to changes in MVPA and SB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MVPA and SB were independently associated with diabetes-related health outcomes. Results suggest that emphasis should be placed on increasing MVPA while decreasing SB, particularly duration of SB bouts. This suggests that even small changes in daily behavior may contribute to improvement in diabetes-related health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Education and Human Services , University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida , USA.
authors.forename: Jeanette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, and Opthalmology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia , USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Florida Southern College , Lakeland, Florida , USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rice
keywords: A1C; Physical Activity and Health; Psychosocial Factors; Sedentary Behaviors