title: Multi-metal resistance and plant growth promotion potential of a wastewater bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its synergistic benefits.
abstract: Water and soil pollution by toxic heavy metals (HMs) is increasing globally because of increase in population, industrialization and urbanization. It is a burning problem for the public, scientists, academicians and politicians how to tackle the toxic contaminants which jeopardize the environment. One possible solution for pollution abatement is a bioremediation-effective and innovative technology that uses biological systems for treatment of contaminants. Many bacteria synthesize indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) which is a product of L-tryptophan metabolism and belongs to the auxin class of plant growth-promoting hormone. The present study aimed at assessing the resistance pattern of wastewater bacteria against multiple HMs and plant growth promotion activity associated with IAA. A Gram-negative bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa KUJM was isolated from Kalyani Sewage Treatment Plant. This strain showed the potential to tolerate multiple contaminations such as As(III) (50 mM), As(V) (800 mM), Cd (8 mM), Co (18 mM), Cu (7 mM), Cr (2.5 mM), Ni (3 mM) and Zn (14 mM). The capability of IAA production at different tryptophan concentration (1, 2, 5 and 10 mg mL-1) was determined, and seed germination-enhancing potential was also estimated on lentil (Lens culinaris). Such type of HM-resistant, IAA-producing and seed germination-enhancing P. aeruginosa KUJM offer great promise as inoculants to promote plant growth in the presence of toxic HMs, as well as plant inoculant systems useful for phytoremediation of polluted soils. Hence, P. aeruginosa KUJM finds significant applications in HM-contaminated poor agricultural field as well as in bioremediation of HM-contaminated wastewater system.
authors.affiliation: Pollution, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Unit, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India. biswajoy2000@yahoo.com.|International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India. biswajoy2000@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jayanta Kumar
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.affiliation: Pollution, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Unit, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India.
authors.forename: Monojit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany.|Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwnagjin-gu, Seoul, 143-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rinklebe
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 11, 700019, India.
authors.forename: Santosh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 11, 700019, India.
authors.forename: Punarbasu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, 444602, India.
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany.|Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33 516, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sabry M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shaheen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwnagjin-gu, Seoul, 143-747, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hocheol
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizwan
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001151:Arsenic / Q000633:toxicity; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D018525:Germination; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D027806:Lens Plant / Q000254:growth & development*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D001151:Arsenic; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C030737:indoleacetic acid
keywords: Bacteria; Bioremediation; Growth promotion; Indole-3-acetic acid; Seed germination; Tolerance; Trace metals