title: Contribution of Crop Models to Adaptation in Wheat.
abstract: With world population growing quickly, agriculture needs to produce more with fewer inputs while being environmentally friendly. In a context of changing environments, crop models are useful tools to simulate crop yields. Wheat (Triticum spp.) crop models have been evolving since the 1960s to translate processes related to crop growth and development into mathematical equations. These have been used over decades for agronomic purposes, and have more recently incorporated advances in the modeling of environmental footprints, biotic constraints, trait and gene effects, climate change impact, and the upscaling of global change impacts. This review outlines the potential and limitations of modern wheat crop models in assisting agronomists, breeders, and policymakers to address the current and future challenges facing agriculture.
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), 203 Tor Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia. Electronic address: karine.chenu@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chenu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: John Roy
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie des Plantes Sous Stress Environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Montpellier SupAgro, 34060 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martre
authors.affiliation: Department of Geological Sciences and Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia.
authors.forename: Scott Cameron
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ewert
authors.affiliation: Department of Agri-food Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bindi
authors.affiliation: Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Senthold
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asseng
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*