title: Systematic review of maternal voice interventions demonstrates increased stability in preterm infants.
abstract: We systematically reviewed how effectively maternal voice interventions supported the clinical outcomes and development of preterm infants. A total of 512 preterm infants were included in 15 studies with different designs, from January 2000 to July 2015. Live and recorded maternal voice interventions were associated with the physiologic and behavioural stabilisation of preterm infants, with fewer cardiorespiratory events, but the evidence was insufficient to evaluate the long-term effects. Well-defined determinants and clear setting conditions are needed for such interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further research that investigates the long-term efficacy and effects of live maternal voices on preterm infant development is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Intensive Neonatal Care University, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filippa
authors.affiliation: Local Health Authority, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: Costantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Panza
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Intensive Neonatal Care University, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology and Intensive Neonatal Care University, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frassoldati
authors.affiliation: Médecine et Réanimation du Nouveau-né Hôpital de Hautepierre, CHU Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostics, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balduzzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostics, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: D'Amico
mesh_terms: D001307:Auditory Perception; D002657:Child Development; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D014831:Voice
keywords: Early intervention; Maternal voice; Neonatal intensive care unit; Preterm infant; Systematic review