title: [Effect of copper sulphate on the lung damage induced by chronic intermittent exposure to ozone].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ozone exposure could increase lung damage induced by airborne particulate matter. Particulate matter lung toxicity has been attributed to its metallic content.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the acute effect of intratracheal administration of copper sulfate (CuSO4) on rat lungs previously damaged by a chronic intermittent ozone exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-months-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0.5 ppm ozone four h per day, five days a week, during two months. CuSO4 was intratracheally instilled 20 h after ozone exposure. Controls breathed filtered air or were instilled with 0.9% NaCl or with CuSO4 or were only exposed to ozone. We evaluated lung histopathology. F2 isoprostanes were determined in plasma. Cell count, total proteins, γ glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatases (AP) were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ozone increased total cell count, macrophages, proteins and AP in BALF (p < 0.05), and induced pulmonary neutrophil inflammation. CuSO4 plus air increased plasma F2 isoprostane levels and total cell count, neutrophils and proteins in BALF (p < 0.05). Histopathology showed foamy macrophages. Ozone plus CuSO4 exposed animals showed a neutrophil inflammatory lung response and an increase in total cell count, proteins, GGT and AP in BALF (p < 0.05). Foamy and pigmented alveolar macrophages were detected in all lungs of these animals (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intratracheal instillation of a single dose of CuSO4 in rats previously subjected to a chronic and intermittent exposure to ozone induces a neutrophil pulmonary inflammatory response and cytoplasmic damage in macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, moyarzun@med.uchile.cl.
authors.forename: Manuel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oyarzún G
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, moyarzun@med.uchile.cl.
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sánchez R
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, moyarzun@med.uchile.cl.
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dussaubat D
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, moyarzun@med.uchile.cl.
authors.forename: María E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Miller A
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: González B
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019327:Copper Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010126:Ozone / Q000633:toxicity*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D010126:Ozone; D019327:Copper Sulfate