title: Multiscale Pore Network Boosts Capacitance of Carbon Electrodes for Ultrafast Charging.
abstract: Increasing charge storage capability during fast charging (at ultrahigh current densities) has been a long-standing challenge for supercapacitors. In this work, a novel porous carbon foam electrode with multiscale pore network is reported that achieves a remarkable gravimetric capacitance of 374.7 ± 7.7 F g-1at a current density of 1 A g-1. More importantly, it retains 235.9 ± 7.5 F g-1(60% of its capacitance at 1 A g-1) at an ultrahigh current density of 500 A g-1. Electron microscopy studies reveal that this carbon structure contains multiscale pores assembled in a hierarchical pattern. The outstanding capacitive performance benefits from its extremely large surface area of 2905 m2g-1, as around 88% of the electric charges are stored via electrical double layer. Significantly, electrochemical analyses show that the hierarchical porous structure containing macro-, meso-, and micropores allows efficient ion diffusion and charge transfer, resulting in the excellent rate capability. The findings pave the way for improving rate capability of supercapacitors and enhancing their capacitances at ultrahigh current densities.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology , Yancheng 224051, People's Republic of China.|Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States.
authors.forename: Tianyu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8716-749X
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mingyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Minghao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yexiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States.
authors.forename: Yat
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8058-2084
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Multiscale pore networks; carbon; chitosan; supercapacitors; ultrafast charging