title: Proactive and reactive control depends on emotional valence: a Stroop study with emotional expressions and words.
abstract: We examined proactive and reactive control effects in the context of task-relevant happy, sad, and angry facial expressions on a face-word Stroop task. Participants identified the emotion expressed by a face that contained a congruent or incongruent emotional word (happy/sad/angry). Proactive control effects were measured in terms of the reduction in Stroop interference (difference between incongruent and congruent trials) as a function of previous trial emotion and previous trial congruence. Reactive control effects were measured in terms of the reduction in Stroop interference as a function of current trial emotion and previous trial congruence. Previous trial negative emotions exert greater influence on proactive control than the positive emotion. Sad faces in the previous trial resulted in greater reduction in the Stroop interference for happy faces in the current trial. However, current trial angry faces showed stronger adaptation effects compared to happy faces. Thus, both proactive and reactive control mechanisms are dependent on emotional valence of task-relevant stimuli.
authors.affiliation: a Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India.
authors.forename: Bhoomika Rastogi
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.affiliation: a Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India.
authors.forename: Narayanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.affiliation: a Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India.
authors.forename: Yagyima
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nehabala
authors.affiliation: a Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India.
authors.forename: Richa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nigam
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057190:Stroop Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Emotion; Stroop task; conflict adaptation; conflict monitoring; proactive control; reactive control