title: Management of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: ICMR Consensus Document.
abstract: Hitherto poor outcomes, paucity of data and heterogeneity in International approach to Pediatric NHL (Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma) prompted the need for guidelines for Indian population with vast variability in access, affordability and infrastructure across the country. These guidelines are based on consensus among the experts and best available evidence applicable to Indian setting. Evaluation of NHL should consist of easily doable and rapid tissue diagnosis (biopsy or flow cytometry of peripheral blood/malignant effusions), St Jude/IPNHLSS (International Pediatric Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Staging System) and risk grouping with CSF (Cerebro-spinal fluid), bone marrow, whole body imaging [CECT (Contrast enhanced computerized tomography) ± MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging)] and blood investigations for LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase), TLS (Tumor lysis syndrome) and organ functions. Life threatening complications like SVCS (Superior vena cava syndrome)/Mediastinal syndrome and TLS need to pre-empted and promptly managed. All children with poor general condition, co-morbidities, metabolic or obstructive complications should receive a steroid or chemotherapy pro-phase first. For mature B-NHL (B cell - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma), in centres with good infrastructure and methotrexate levels, FAB-LMB-96 (French-American-British/Lymphomes Malins B) or BFM (Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster)-NHL-95 protocols may be used. In centres with limited infrastructure and/or no methotrexate levels; CHOP (Cyclophosphamide-hydroxydaunomycin-oncovin-prednisolone) (early stage) or MCP (Multi-centre protocol)-842 [all stages except CNS (Central nervous system) disease] may be used. Patients with poor early response should have escalated therapy. High-Risk B-NHL will benefit with addition of Rituximab to standard chemotherapy. Radiotherapy (RT) is not warranted. For lymphoblastic lymphoma, in centres with good infrastructure and methotrexate levels, BFM-95 protocol may be used. In centres with limited infrastructure and/or no methotrexate levels; modified MCP-841 with cytarabine, modified BFM-90 protocol with reduced-dose methotrexate or I-BFM 2009 protocol using Capizzi methotrexate may be considered. For ALCL (Anaplastic large cell lymphoma), in centres with good infrastructure and methotrexate levels, ALCL-99 protocol may be considered. In centres with limited infrastructure and/or no methotrexate levels; CHOP (limited-stage only), modified MCP-842 protocol or APO (Adriamycin-prednisolone-oncovin) regimen may be used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
authors.forename: Nirav
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thacker
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bakhshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chinnaswamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
authors.forename: Tushar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vora
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwala
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Gauri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology and Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A), Adyar, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Venkatraman
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Siddharth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laskar
authors.affiliation: NCD Division, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Tanvir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Dr. B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.affiliation: NCD Division, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rupinder Singh
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Dhaliwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India. brijesh.aurora@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Brijesh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arora
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Children; Indian guidelines; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; Treatment