title: Enabling Task-Specific Volitional Motor Functions via Spinal Cord Neuromodulation in a Human With Paraplegia.
abstract: We report a case of chronic traumatic paraplegia in which epidural electrical stimulation (EES) of the lumbosacral spinal cord enabled (1) volitional control of task-specific muscle activity, (2) volitional control of rhythmic muscle activity to produce steplike movements while side-lying, (3) independent standing, and (4) while in a vertical position with body weight partially supported, voluntary control of steplike movements and rhythmic muscle activity. This is the first time that the application of EES enabled all of these tasks in the same patient within the first 2 weeks (8 stimulation sessions total) of EES therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Grahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Igor A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Lavrov
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Dimitry G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Sayenko
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Meegan G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Van Straaten
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Megan L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Strommen
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Calvert
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Dina I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Drubach
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Margaux B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Linde
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Thoreson
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Aldo A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mendez
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Parag N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Gad
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Yury P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Gerasimenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles.
authors.forename: V Reggie
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Edgerton
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: zhao.kristin@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Kristin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: lee.kendall@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Kendall H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology