title: Development and Initial Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Dialectical Behavior Therapy Barriers to Implementation Scale (BTI-S).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the psychometric properties of the Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Barriers to Implementation Scale (BTI-S).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were clinicians completing a bipartite training, separated by 6 months of self-study, to implement DBT. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted with data collected from the initial training period (N = 790), while confirmatory factor analysis was based on data from the final training period (N = 660).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final model included 26 items and 4 factors with overall acceptable fit, χ2(293, N = 660) = 460.989, p < .001, comparative fit index = .909, Tucker-Lewis index = .899, root mean square root mean square error of approximation (90% confidence interval) = .015. The internal reliability of the scores was low (range = .56 to .72).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The final model fits reasonably well and measures four domains considered important for implementation of DBT. However, the low reliability of the scores indicates that the BTI-S would be improved with further development.
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Carla D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Chugani
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: University of Washington.
authors.forename: Yevgeny
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Botanov
authors.affiliation: University of Washington.
authors.forename: Marsha M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Linehan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000592:standards*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: barriers to implementation; dialectical behavior therapy; evidence-based assessment; implementation; measurement; psychometrics