title: A Study to Assess the Therapeutic Effect of Enalapril on Olanzapine Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Wistar Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a complex of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular complications and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Pharmacological management of the condition is complex, as multiple drug groups have to be used, as the syndrome itself is multi faceted. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) are chiefly used to manage the hypertensive component of the syndrome. However, recent studies have shown that these drugs may have a role in the non hypertensive aspects of the syndrome as well.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the therapeutic effect of enalapril on total body weight, random blood glucose and serum lipid profile in a rodent model of olanzapine induced MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three different dosages (1 mg/kg/day, 10 mg/kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day) of oral enalapril were administered (for three weeks) in albino wistar rats, which received prior intra peritoneal olanzapine (for three weeks), and compared against control (normal saline) and standard (olanzapine only and enalapril only) groups. Parameters like total body weight, random blood glucose and serum lipid profile were measured at baseline, at three weeks and at six weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enalapril at 20 mg/kg/day was found to be effective in reversing the weight gain, hyperglycaemia and hypercholesterolaemia, without any changes in triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL). 10 mg/kg/day of enalapril prevented any further rise in body weight, blood glucose, total cholesterol and serum triglycerides, after olanzapine was stopped. 1 mg/kg/day of enalapril was ineffective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High dose of enalapril may be considered as a component of therapeutic regimens to combat weight gain, hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia seen in MS, in addition to its antihypertensive utility. Further rodent and clinical studies may be required to ascertain the same.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arivazhahan
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Laxminarayana Kurady
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Bairy
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Veena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Sushil Kiran
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kunder
keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; Antipsychotic; Diabetes; Dyslipidaemia; Hypertension; Obesity; Syndrome X