title: Characterization ofPyrenophora tritici-repentis(Tan Spot of Wheat) Races in Baltic States and Romania.
abstract: Tan spot, caused by the fungusPyrenophora triticirepentis, is economically important foliar disease in Latvia, Lithuania, and Romania; however, race structure from Baltic States and Romania is not known. In this study, we performed genotypic and phenotypic race characterization of a large collection ofP. triticirepentisisolates from these countries to determine race structure and utilize this information for better disease management and breeding wheat for tan spot resistance. We characterized 231 single spore isolates from Latvia (n = 15), Lithuania (n = 107), and Romania (n = 109) forPtr ToxAandPtr ToxBgenes using two genes specific primers. A subset (139) of 231 isolates were further characterized for their race structure by inoculating them individually on tan spot wheat differentials set. Majority (83%) of the 231 isolates amplifiedPtr ToxAgene suggesting prevalence of race 1 and 2. Further, phenotypic characterization of 139 isolates also showed wide prevalence of races 1 (68%), 2 (8%), 3 (11%), and 4 (5%) were also identified from Baltic States as well as Romania. Eighteen of the isolates (13%) did not seem to be of any of the eight known races as they lackedPtr ToxAgene but they behaved like either race 1 or race 2, suggesting possibility of novel toxins in these isolates as their virulence tools.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
authors.forename: Sidrat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
authors.forename: Sunish Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sehgal
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
authors.forename: Shaukat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Kėdainiai 58344, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Zilvinas
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liatukas
authors.affiliation: National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea, Fundulea 915200, Romania.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ittu
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
authors.forename: Navjot
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaur
keywords: Baltic State; Triticum aestivum; race; tan spot; virulence genes