title: Stepwise Splitting Growth and Pseudocapacitive Properties of Hierarchical Three-Dimensional Co₃O₄ Nanobooks.
abstract: Three-dimensional hierarchical Co₃O₄ nanobooks have been synthesized successfully on a large scale by calcining orthorhombic Co(CO₃)0.5(OH)·0.11H₂O precursors with identical morphologies. Based on the influence of reaction time and urea concentration on the nanostructures of the precursors, a stepwise splitting growth mechanism can be proposed to understand the formation of the 3D nanobooks. The 3D Co₃O₄ nanobooks exhibit excellent pseudocapacitive performances with specific capacitances of 590, 539, 476, 453, and 421 F/g at current densities of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 A/g, respectively. The devices can retain ca. 97.4% of the original specific capacitances after undergoing charge-discharge cycle tests 1000 times continuously at 4 A/g.
authors.affiliation: State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China. xunlingzhaohui@163.com.
authors.forename: Huilong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China. ls102511@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China. longfei617381884@163.com.
authors.forename: Feilong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China. huanzhenliuasd@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Huanzhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: American Advanced Nanotechnology, Houston, TX 77459, USA. lifeng696@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Co3O4; hierarchical materials; nanobooks; pseudocapacitors; stepwise splitting