title: Effectiveness of a pre-procedural mouthwash in reducing bacteria in dental aerosols: randomized clinical trial
abstract: The aim of this randomized, single blinded clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of a pre-procedural mouthwash containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), zinc lactate (Zn) and sodium fluoride (F) in the reduction of viable bacteria in oral aerosol after a dental prophylaxis with ultrasonic scaler. Sixty systemically healthy volunteers receiving dental prophylaxis were randomly assigned to one of the following experimental groups (15 per group): (i) rinsing with 0.075% CPC, 0.28% Zn and 0.05% F (CPC+Zn+F), (ii) water or (iii) 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and (iv) no rinsing. Viable bacteria were collected from different locations in the dental office on enriched TSA plates and anaerobically incubated for 72 hours. The colonies were counted and species were then identified by Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization. The total number of colony-forming units (CFUs) detected in the aerosols from volunteers who rinsed with CPC+Zn+F or CHX was statistically significantly (p<0.05) lower than of those subjects who did not rinse or who rinsed with water. When all locations were considered together, the aerosols from the CPC+Zn+F and CHX groups showed, respectively, 70% and 77% fewer CFUs than those from the No Rinsing group and 61% and 70% than those from the Water group. The mean proportions of bacterial species from the orange complex were statistically significantly (p<0.05) lower in aerosols from the CPC+Zn+F and CHX groups compared with the others two groups. In conclusion, the mouthwash containing CPC+Zn+F, is effective in reducing viable bacteria in oral aerosol after a dental prophylaxis with ultrasonic scaler.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Guarulhos, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Retamal-Valdes
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Guarulhos, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geisla Mary
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Bernal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Guarulhos, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciene Cristina
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Guarulhos, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faveri
authors.affiliation: Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Yun Po
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Guarulhos, Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D015342:DNA Probes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult; D015032:Zinc / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D015342:DNA Probes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007773:Lactates; D009067:Mouthwashes; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D002594:Cetylpyridinium; D015032:Zinc