title: The effects of ozone on bacterial growth and thiol-disulphide homeostasis in vascular graft infection caused by MRSA in rats.
abstract: To investigate the microbiological, inflammatory and oxidant effects of adjuvant ozone administration in experimental rat vascular graft infection model which has not been previously investigated.
  Forty adult Wistar rats were divided into Sham, Control, Vancomycin, Ozone, Vancomycin+Ozone groups. Grafts were inoculated with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain and implanted subcutaneously. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with ozone and /or intramuscularly with vancomycin for 10 days. Grafts were evaluated by quantitative bacterial cultures. Blood samples were harvested for determination of thiol-disulphide and cytokine profiles.
  There was no significant difference in bacterial counts between Control and Ozone Groups. In the Ozone Group median colony count was significantly higher than the Vancomycin and Vancomycin+Ozone Groups. Total thiol and disulphide levels increased and disulphide/native thiol and disulphide/total thiol ratios decreased in Ozone Group significantly. Albumin levels decreased significantly in Vancomycin and Vancomycin+Ozone Groups compared to the Sham Group. IL-1 and TNF-alpha levels significantly increased in infected rats. Decreased levels of VEGF due to infection reversed by ozone therapy in control and vancomycin groups.
  We didn't observe any benefit of the agent on MRSA elimination in our model. Likewise, effects of ozone on thiol-disulphide homeostasis and inflammatory cytokines were contradictory.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Adnan Menderes, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey. Conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation and writing.
authors.forename: Barcin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Adnan Menderes, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey. Conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation and writing.
authors.forename: Tunay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurtoglu
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Adnan Menderes, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey. Design of the study, acquisition of data, technical procedures.
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Durmaz
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Yildirim Beyazit, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Biochemical assays, interpretation of data, manuscript writing.
authors.forename: Leyla Didem
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kozaci
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, University of Adnan Menderes, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey. Statistical analysis, interpretation of data.
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abacigil
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Adnan Menderes, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey. Manuscript writing.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ertugrul
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Yildirim Beyazit, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Biochemical assays, interpretation of data, manuscript writing.
authors.forename: Ozcan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004220:Disulfides / Q000097:blood*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D019737:Transplants / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D058017:Vascular Grafting
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004220:Disulfides; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D012709:Serum Albumin; D010126:Ozone; D014640:Vancomycin