title: Food Protein Induced Proctocolitis: A Benign Condition with an Obscure Immunologic Mechanism.
abstract: Food protein-induced proctocolitis (FPIP) is the most common colonic manifestation of food allergy in infants, accounting for up to 60% of exclusively breast-fed children. The causative foods derived from the mother's diet, which are then excreted in her milk. The suggested risk factors for the development of FPIP are an immature immune system, altered intestinal permeability and other factors that activate local immune function, such as genetic susceptibility in combination with particularly sensitizing foods. FPIP is an enhanced immune responsiveness of some infants to very small amounts of food antigens, inducing an inflammatory mucosal response, mediated by T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Child Health Department, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece. Stavrou Niarxou Av, Ioannina, 45500, Greece.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsabouri
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nicolaou
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units Third Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Douros
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Unit, KAT General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units Third Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Kostas N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Priftis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D011350:Proctocolitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins
keywords: Breast feeding; allergic proctocolitis; food allergy; immunologic response; infants; intolerance