title: Fructose use in clinical nutrition: metabolic effects and potential consequences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current article presents recent findings on the metabolic effects of fructose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fructose has always been considered as a simple 'caloric' hexose only metabolized by splanchnic tissues. Nevertheless, there is growing evidence that fructose acts as a second messenger and induces effects throughout the human body.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recent discoveries made possible with the evolution of technology have highlighted that fructose induces pleiotropic effects on different tissues. The fact that all these tissues express the specific fructose carrier GLUT5 let us reconsider that fructose is not only a caloric hexose, but could also be a potential actor of some behaviors and metabolic pathways. The physiological relevance of fructose as a metabolic driver is pertinent regarding recent scientific literature.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital cantonal de Fribourg, Fribourg bDepartment of Anaesthesia, Hôpital Riviera-Chablais, Montreux cDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moulin
authors.forename: Gérald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Seematter
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seyssel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D008643:Mesentery; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D012307:Risk Factors; D015290:Second Messenger Systems
chemical_list: D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; D005632:Fructose