title: Cyclosporine A attenuates apoptosis and necrosis after ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal injury in transiently hyperglycemic rats.
abstract: To investigate the effects of cyclosporine A on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury during transient hyperglycemia in rats.
  In a model of ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal injury and transiently induced hyperglycemia by intraperitoneal injection of glucose, 2.5 g.kg-1, Wistar rats were anesthetized with either isoflurane or propofol and received intravenous cyclosporine A, 5 mg.kg-1, five minutes before reperfusion. Comparison groups were isoflurane and propofol sham groups and isoflurane and propofol ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal injury. Renal tubular cell viability was quantitatively assessed by flow cytometry after cell culture and classified as early apoptosis, necrotic cells, and intact cells.
  Early apoptosis was significantly higher in isoflurane and propofol anesthetized animals subjected to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury when compared to both cyclosporine A treated and sham groups. Necrosis percentage was significantly higher in propofol-anesthetized animals subjected to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The percentage of intact cells was lower in both, isoflurane and propofol anesthetized animals subjected to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
  In a model of ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal injury, cyclosporine A, 5 m.kg-1, administered five minutes before renal reperfusion in rats with acute-induced hyperglycemia under either isoflurano or propofol anesthesia, attenuated early apoptosis and preserved viability in renal tubular cells, regardless of the anesthetic used.
authors.affiliation: Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, manuscript writing, critical revision.
authors.forename: Sylvio Valença de
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.affiliation: Fellow, Experimental Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Manuscript writing.
authors.forename: Isabela Galvão
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Vianna
authors.affiliation: PhD, Full Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Critical revision, final approval of the version to be published.
authors.forename: Yara Marcondes Machado
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Castiglia
authors.affiliation: PhD, Biologist, Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Technical procedures, histopathological examinations.
authors.forename: Marjorie de Assis
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Golim
authors.affiliation: Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Acquisition of data.
authors.forename: Aparecida Vitória Gonçalves de
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Bioscience Institute of Botucatu, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Statistical analysis.
authors.forename: Lídia Raquel de
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Technical procedures, histopathological examinations.
authors.forename: Elenice
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deffune
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Manuscript preparation and writing, critical revision.
authors.forename: Paulo do
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: PhD, Full Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Manuscript preparation and writing, critical revision.
authors.forename: Norma Sueli Pinheiro
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Módolo
authors.affiliation: PhD, Full Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision, final approval of the version to be published.
authors.forename: Pedro Thadeu Galvão
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Vianna
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D011292:Premedication; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D020011:Protective Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D007530:Isoflurane; D015742:Propofol