title: Rare Vascular Anomalies in the Femoral Triangle During Varicose Vein Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We observed several cases of rare vascular anomalies within the femoral triangle during varicose vein operations.
  
  
  METHODS
  From among 2,093 patients who underwent stripping operations of the great saphenous vein between January 2002 and June 2016, 14 cases of rare vascular anomalies were enrolled in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve cases of femoral artery and vein transposition (0.57%), 1 case of separate entrance of the great saphenous vein trunk and its tributaries (0.05%), and 1 case of separate entrance with femoral artery and vein transposition (0.05%) were observed. The preoperative diagnosis rate was 71% (10 of 14) using duplex ultrasound. In all cases of femoral artery and vein transposition, the saphenofemoral junction was located at the lateral or posterolateral side of the superficial femoral artery, corresponding to complete or incomplete transposition, respectively. Among the 12 cases of femoral artery and vein transposition, 5 cases were complete transposition and 7 cases were incomplete transposition. In 2 cases of separate entrance of the great saphenous vein trunk and its tributaries, the separated tributaries formed a common trunk before connecting to the femoral vein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anatomy of the saphenofemoral junction may infrequently be altered in some individuals. Detailed preoperative sonographic examinations and meticulous groin dissection during the operation are necessary to prepare for unexpected anatomical variations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University.
authors.forename: Duk Sil
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University.
authors.forename: Sung Wan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University.
authors.forename: Hyun Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University.
authors.forename: Kyung Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University.
authors.forename: Michael SungPil
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choe
keywords: Femoral artery; Femoral vein; Saphenous vein