title: A highly sensitive and selective sensor based on a graphene-coated carbon paste electrode modified with a computationally designed boron-embedded duplex molecularly imprinted hybrid membrane for the sensing of lamotrigine.
abstract: An innovative electrochemical sensor, based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphene (GR) and a boron-embedded duplex molecularly imprinted hybrid membrane (B-DMIHM), was fabricated for the highly sensitive and selective determination of lamotrigine (LMT). Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to study the interactions between the template and monomers to screen appropriate functional monomers for rational design of the B-DMIHM. The distinct synergic effect of GR and B-DMIHM was evidenced by the positive shift of the reduction peak potential of LMT at B-DMIHM/GR modified CPE (B-DMIHM/GR/CPE) by about 300mV, and the 13-fold amplification of the peak current, compared to a bare carbon paste electrode (CPE). The electrochemical reduction mechanism of lamotrigine was investigated by different voltammetric techniques. It was illustrated that square wave voltammetry (SWV) was more sensitive than different pulse voltammetry (DPV) for the quantitative analysis of LMT. Thereafter, a highly sensitive electroanalytical method for LMT was established by SWV at B-DMIHM/GR/CPE with a good linear relationship from 5.0×10-8to 5.0×10-5and 5.0×10-5to 3.0×10-4molL-1with a lower detection limit (1.52×10-9molL-1) based on the lower linear range(S/N=3). The practical application of the sensor was demonstrated by determining the concentration of LMT in pharmaceutical and biological samples with good precision (RSD 1.04-4.41%) and acceptable recoveries (92.40-107.0%).
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongjuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors.forename: Duo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China. Electronic address: xiaoxl2001@163.com.
authors.forename: Xilin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors.forename: Lifu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China. Electronic address: dengjfp@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D001895:Boron / Q000737:chemistry; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D057230:Limit of Detection; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D014227:Triazines; D006108:Graphite; D001895:Boron; D000077213:Lamotrigine
keywords: Computational design; Duplex molecularly imprinted hybrid membrane; Electrochemical sensor; Lamotrigine