title: Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Review.
abstract: Cytokines are a large group of small proteins which play a significant role in cell signaling and regulate a variety of processes in organisms, including proliferation and differentiation of many cells, mediation in defense reactions and regulation of hematopoiesis. Cytokines can be divided into those with pro- and those with anti-inflammatory properties. In the group of pro-inflammatory cytokines the most important are: IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma. Pro-inflammatory cytokines might be involved in the pathophysiology of many psychiatric conditions in adults, but their role in children and adolescents is less clear. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the patterns of pro-inflammatory cytokines in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Psychiatry, Warsaw Medical University, 63A Zwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland. paulina.milkowska@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miłkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Warsaw Medical University, 63A Zwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Popko
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Warsaw Medical University, 63A Zwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Demkow
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Psychiatry, Warsaw Medical University, 63A Zwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wolańczyk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Adolescents; Anorexia nervosa; Bipolar disorder; Children; Cytokines; Depression; Inflammation; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Psychosis