title: Endoscopy-Guided Evaluation of Duodenal Mucosal Permeability in Functional Dyspepsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD) is not fully understood. Impaired duodenal mucosal integrity characterized by increased mucosal permeability and/or low-grade inflammation was reported as potentially important etiologies. We aimed to determine the utility of a recently developed simple catheterization method to measure mucosal admittance (MA), the inverse of mucosal impedance, for evaluation of duodenal mucosal permeability in patients with FD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted two prospective studies. In the first study, duodenal MA of 23 subjects was determined by catheterization during upper endoscopy, and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of duodenal biopsy samples in Ussing chambers was measured to assess the correlation between MA and TEER. In the second study, duodenal MA of 21 patients with FD fulfilling the Rome III criteria was compared with that of 23 healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean MA and TEER values were 367.5±134.7 and 24.5±3.7 Ω cm2, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between MA and TEER (r=-0.67, P=0.0004, Pearson's correlation coefficient). The mean MA in patients with FD was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects (455.7±137.3 vs. 352.1±66.9, P=0.002, unpaired t-test). No procedure-related complications were present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated the presence of increased duodenal mucosal permeability in patients with FD by MA measurement using a simple catheterization method during upper endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishigami
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasamatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taida
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maruoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuno
authors.affiliation: Clinical Engineering Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujie
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-City, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arai