title: Metapristone suppresses non-small cell lung cancer proliferation and metastasis via modulating RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK signaling pathway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metastasis is the key phase of cancer progression that characterizes a more advanced stage and a poorer prognosis. The majority of cancer fatalities occur as a consequence of metastasis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Mifepristone (RU486), a chemical abortifacient, has recently been used in clinical trials for psychotic depression and cancer chemotherapy. As the most predominant biological active metabolite of mifepristone, metapristone is being developed as a novel cancer metastasis chemopreventive agent by us. However, there is no information available to address the effects of metapristone on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of our study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of metapristone on the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of metapristone on the growth, migration and invasion in different kinds of NSCLC cells (A549, H1975 and H1299), and further investigated the underlying mechanism of metapristone by real time PCR and western blot assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metapristone could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells through suppressing RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Moreover, metapristone could effectively inhibit the formation of NSCLC cells' cytoskeleton in a concentration-dependent manner, which possibly led to the inhibition of NSCLC cells' migration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, it was preliminarily demonstrated that metapristone could be developed as a useful agent to show anti-metastasis activity for NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Guirong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Zhichun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Hongning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China. Electronic address: shaojingwei@fzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jingwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D048490:raf Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015735:Mifepristone; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D048490:raf Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); C000592521:metapristone
keywords: Invasion; Metapristone; Metastasis; Migration; Non-small cell lung cancer; Proliferation