title: Innovative Methods and Applications in Mucoadhesion Research.
abstract: The present review is aimed at elucidating relatively new aspects of mucoadhesion/mucus interaction and related phenomena that emerged from a Mucoadhesion workshop held in Munster on 2-3 September 2015 as a satellite event of the ICCC 13th-EUCHIS 12th. After a brief outline of the new issues, the focus is on mucus description, purification, and mucus/mucin characterization, all steps that are pivotal to the understanding of mucus related phenomena and the choice of the correct mucosal model for in vitro and ex vivo experiments, alternative bio/mucomimetic materials are also presented. Then a selection of preparative techniques and testing methods are described (at molecular as well as micro and macroscale) that may support the pharmaceutical development of mucus interactive systems and assist formulators in the scale-up and industrialization steps. Recent applications of mucoadhesive systems (including medical devices) intended for different routes of administration (oral, gastrointestinal, vaginal, nasal, ocular, and intravesical) and for the treatment of difficult to treat pathologies or the alleviation of symptoms are described.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK.|School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK.|Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossgarten 3, 48149, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Francisco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Goycoolea
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nueremberg, Hartmanstrasse 14, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.|Nanotechnology Group, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossgarten 3, 48149, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Menchicchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli, 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Carla Marcella
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Caramella
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli, 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saporito
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Seunghwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stephansen
authors.affiliation: National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Chronakis
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Postboks 1068 Blindern, 0316, OSLO, Norway.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiorth
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Postboks 1068 Blindern, 0316, OSLO, Norway.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamczak
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik 1, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waldner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hanne Mørck
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: S.I.I.T. S.r.l Pharmaceutical & Health Food Supplements, Via Canova 5/7-20090 Trezzano S/N, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marcelloni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D009077:Mucins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009093:Mucus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009077:Mucins
keywords: mucoadhesion; mucomimetic materials; mucus; multiscale; pharmaceutical development