title: Components of RNA granules affect their localization and dynamics in neuronal dendrites.
abstract: In neurons, RNA transport is important for local protein synthesis. mRNAs are transported along dendrites as large RNA granules. The localization and dynamics of Puralpha and Staufen1 (Stau1), major components of RNA transport granules, were investigated in cultured hippocampal neurons. Puralpha-positive granules were localized in both the shafts and spines of dendrites. In contrast, Stau1-positive granules tended to be localized mainly in dendritic shafts. More than 90% of Puralpha-positive granules were positive for Stau1 in immature dendrites, while only half were positive in mature dendrites. Stau1-negative Puralpha granules tended to be stationary with fewer anterograde and retrograde movements than Stau1-positive Puralpha granules. After metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 activation, Stau1-positive granules remained in the dendritic shafts, while Puralpha granules translocated from the shaft to the spine. The translocation of Puralpha granules was dependent on myosin Va, an actin-based molecular motor protein. Collectively our findings suggest the possibility that the loss of Stau1 in Puralpha-positive RNA granules might promote their activity-dependent translocation into dendritic spines, which could underlie the regulation of protein synthesis in synapses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsumori
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan hirokawa@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp ytakei@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.|Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan hirokawa@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp ytakei@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.|Center of Excellence in Genome Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003712:Dendrites / Q000378:metabolism; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR / Q000196:embryology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D034443:RNA Transport / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C121485:Pura protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C492187:Stau1 protein, mouse