title: Effect of Naftopidil on Bladder Microcirculation in a Rat Model of Bladder Outlet Obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of naftopidil on bladder capillary blood flow using bladder outlet obstruction model rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control group, bladder-outlet-obstruction group, and bladder-outlet-obstruction + naftopidil group. Bladder-outlet-obstruction surgery was performed in the bladder-outlet-obstruction and bladder-outlet-obstruction + naftopidil groups. The control group received sham-operation. The bladder-outlet-obstruction + naftopidil group were treated with naftopidil (30 mg/kg) for 14 days after bladder-outlet-obstruction operation, while the control and bladder-outlet-obstruction groups were treated with vehicle. Continuous cystometry was performed 14 days after the surgery. Bladder blood flow was measured after 14 days using a pencil lens charge-coupled device microscopy system. The bladder was then harvested for histology and measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine tissue level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cystometry, the bladder-outlet-obstruction rats showed bladder overactivity, while naftopidil treatment improved the cystometric pattern. The blood flow through the submucosal capillaries of the bladder base in the bladder-outlet-obstruction group was lesser than that in the control, whereas the bladder-outlet-obstruction + naftopidil group showed significantly greater blood flow than the bladder-outlet-obstruction group. The bladder tissue in the bladder-outlet-obstruction group showed a tendency to contain more hypertrophic detrusor muscle and inflammatory cells compared to those in the control group, while naftopidil treatment suppressed these histological changes. The 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in the bladder tissue significantly differed among the three groups (the bladder-outlet-obstruction group > the bladder-outlet-obstruction + naftopidil group > the control group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Naftopidil improved bladder overactivity as well as the impaired bladder blood flow.caused by bladder-outlet-obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Tokunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ohbu, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Momokazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gotoh
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010879:Piperazines; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; C064357:naftopidil
keywords: alpha-adrenergic antagonist; benign prostatic hyperplasia; bladder blood flow; bladder outlet obstruction; ischemia/reperfusion