title: Omics analysis of acetic acid tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Acetic acid is an inhibitor in industrial processes such as wine making and bioethanol production from cellulosic hydrolysate. It causes energy depletion, inhibition of metabolic enzyme activity, growth arrest and ethanol productivity losses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of the yeast responses to acetic acid stress is essential for improving acetic acid tolerance and ethanol production. Although 329 genes associated with acetic acid tolerance have been identified in the Saccharomyces genome and included in the database ( http://www.yeastgenome.org/observable/resistance_to_acetic_acid/overview ), the cellular mechanistic responses to acetic acid remain unclear in this organism. Post-genomic approaches such as transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and chemogenomics are being applied to yeast and are providing insight into the mechanisms and interactions of genes, proteins and other components that together determine complex quantitative phenotypic traits such as acetic acid tolerance. This review focuses on these omics approaches in the response to acetic acid in S. cerevisiae. Additionally, several novel strains with improved acetic acid tolerance have been engineered by modifying key genes, and the application of these strains and recently acquired knowledge to industrial processes is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.|National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. zhangl@jiangnan.edu.cn.|National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China. zhangl@jiangnan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.|National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China.
authors.forename: Gui Yang
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Acetic acid tolerance; Industrial strain; Omics analysis; Post-genomic approach; Saccharomyces cerevisiae