title: Inflammatory Myopathies with Cutaneous Involvement: from Diagnosis to Therapy.
abstract: The group of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) include various disorders of skeletal muscles with or without skin involvement. The most common types are dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), inclusion body myositis (IBM) and necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM). Dermatomyositis subdivides into various clinical forms such as juvenile, amyopathic or paraneoplastic dermatomyositis, scleromyositis, overlap or anti-synthetase syndromes, etc. Recently, numerous new antibodies defining the characteristic clinical phenotype have been described as anti-MDA5 antibodies associated with interstitial lung disease and amyopathic dermatomyositis or anti-TIF1γ antibodies as markers for paraneoplastic dermatomyositis. Moreover, new clinical entities as drug-induced dermatomyositis are presumed, since some medications may induce, or trigger inflammatory myopathies. Knowledge of the complex methods and techniques required to diagnose the disease is of great importance in clinical practice. The variety of clinical variants needs diagnosis because of the differing prognosis and therapeutic modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Sofia, 1 St Georgi Sofiiski St., 1431 Sofia
authors.forename: Lyubomir A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dourmishev
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001706:Biopsy; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1 / Q000276:immunology; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000276:immunology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009220:Myositis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018979:Myositis, Inclusion Body / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D001323:Autoantibodies; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C511956:TRIM33 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; C452815:IFIH1 protein, human; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1
keywords: clinical variants; cutaneous involvement; diagnosis; idiopathic inflammatory myopathies; therapy