title: Modeling of Dolichol Mass Spectra Isotopic Envelopes as a Tool to Monitor Isoprenoid Biosynthesis.
abstract: The cooperation of the mevalonate (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways, operating in parallel in plants to generate isoprenoid precursors, has been studied extensively. Elucidation of the isoprenoid metabolic pathways is indispensable for the rational design of plant and microbial systems for the production of industrially valuable terpenoids. Here, we describe a new method, based on numerical modeling of mass spectra of metabolically labeled dolichols (Dols), designed to quantitatively follow the cooperation of MVA and MEP reprogrammed upon osmotic stress (sorbitol treatment) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The contribution of the MEP pathway increased significantly (reaching 100%) exclusively for the dominating Dols, while for long-chain Dols, the relative input of the MEP and MVA pathways remained unchanged, suggesting divergent sites of synthesis for dominating and long-chain Dols. The analysis of numerically modeled Dol mass spectra is a novel method to follow modulation of the concomitant activity of isoprenoid-generating pathways in plant cells; additionally, it suggests an exchange of isoprenoid intermediates between plastids and peroxisomes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Adam
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-7747
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jozwiak
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Agata
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-610X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lipko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kania
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Witold
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0484-2689
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Danikiewicz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9517-1608
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Surmacz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wojcik
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zdanowski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Cezary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pączkowski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.).|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.).|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.).
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chojnacki
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.); jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.); jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.) jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poznanski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland (A.J., A.L., L.S., A.W., J.W., K.Z., T.C., J.P., E.S.); jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.|Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland (M.K., W.D.); jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.|Institute of Chemistry, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland (K.Z.); and jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.|Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (C.P.) jarek@ibb.waw.pl ewas@ibb.waw.pl.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3439-8948
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Swiezewska
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D004286:Dolichols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004896:Erythritol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008798:Mevalonic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013403:Sugar Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014996:Xylulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C114232:2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004286:Dolichols; D010840:Phytosterols; D013403:Sugar Phosphates; D013729:Terpenes; D013012:Sorbitol; D014996:Xylulose; C029724:1-deoxy-2-pentulose; C015367:mevalonolactone; D004896:Erythritol; D008798:Mevalonic Acid