title: Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: Feasibility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Ultrasound Fusion for Guidance.
abstract: Focal laser ablation is a potential treatment in some men with prostate cancer. Currently focal laser ablation is performed by radiologists in a magnetic resonance imaging unit (in bore). We evaluated the safety and feasibility of performing focal laser ablation in a urology clinic (out of bore) using magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion for guidance.
  
  
  
  A total of 11 men with intermediate risk prostate cancer were enrolled in this prospective, institutional review board approved pilot study. Magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion was used to guide laser fibers transrectally into regions of interest harboring intermediate risk prostate cancer. Thermal probes were inserted for real-time monitoring of intraprostatic temperatures during laser activation. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (3 Tesla) was done immediately after treatment and at 6 months along with comprehensive fusion biopsy.
  
  
  
  Ten of 11 patients were successfully treated while under local anesthesia. Mean procedure time was 95 minutes (range 71 to 105). Posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging revealed a confined zone of nonperfusion in all 10 men. Mean zone volume was 4.3 cc (range 2.1 to 6.0). No CTCAE grade 3 or greater adverse events developed and no changes were observed in urinary or sexual function. At 6 months magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion biopsy of the treatment site showed no cancer in 3 patients, microfocal Gleason 3 + 3 in another 3 and persistent intermediate risk prostate cancer in 4.
  
  
  
  Focal laser ablation of prostate cancer appears safe and feasible with the patient under local anesthesia in a urology clinic using magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion for guidance and thermal probes for monitoring. Further development is necessary to refine out of bore focal laser ablation and additional studies are needed to determine appropriate treatment margins and oncologic efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Shyam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Tonye A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Priester
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Rory
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Geoghegan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lieu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Merdie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delfin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Ely
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Felker
authors.affiliation: Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Daniel J A
authors.initials: DJA
authors.lastname: Margolis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sisk
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pantuck
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grundfest
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: lmarks@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Leonard S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Marks
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D053783:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
keywords: ambulatory surgical procedures; laser therapy; magnetic resonance imaging; prostatic neoplasms; ultrasonography