title: Detection of AMA-M2 in human saliva: Potentials in diagnosis and monitoring of primary biliary cholangitis.
abstract: Serum anti-mitochondrial antibody type 2 (AMA-M2) is considered as a pivotal biomarker for the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, serological tests have many limitations, including inconvenience, invasiveness, and infection risks. Thus, a less invasive approach to detect AMA-M2 titer is desirable. We examined salivary AMA-M2 of potential PBC patients and found that AMA-M2 could be detected only in saliva of serum AMA-M2-positive PBC patients, but not in saliva of serum AMA-M2-negative PBC patients, oral lichen planus patients (OLP) patients, or healthy controls. Furthermore, the concentration of salivary AMA-M2 was positively correlated with the amount of serum AMA-M2 in patients. The salivary inflammatory cytokines were increased in the PBC, consistent with the results of serum test. These findings indicated that saliva might be a less invasive and cost-effective medium to accurately test for AMA-M2 levels and this is a promising development for the diagnosis and monitoring of PBC.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xianliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Minwei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yingfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China. diaohy@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Diao
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000276:immunology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators