title: Skin permeation and antioxidant efficacy of topically applied resveratrol.
abstract: The permeation of resveratrol was assessed by in vitro and in vivo experiments 24 h after topical administration. The in vitro profile of resveratrol was assessed by Raman spectroscopy. Human skin permeation was analysed in vivo by the tape stripping method with the progressive removal of the stratum corneum layers using adhesive tape strips. Moreover, the free radical scavenging activity of resveratrol after its topical application was determined using the DPPH assay. The Raman spectra indicated that the topically applied resveratrol penetrates deep into the skin. The results showed high amounts of resveratrol in the different stratum corneum layers close to the surface and a constant lower amount in the upper layers of the viable epidermis. The concentration of resveratrol present in the outermost stratum corneum layers was obtained by tape stripping after in vivo application. The results demonstrated that resveratrol mainly remained in the human stratum corneum layers. After topical application, resveratrol maintained its antiradical activity. The antioxidant efficacy of the compound was higher in the inner layers of the stratum corneum. As these results have demonstrated, topically applied resveratrol reinforces the antioxidant system of the stratum corneum and provides an efficient means of increasing the tissue levels of antioxidants in the human epidermis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemicals and Surfactants Technology, Advanced Chemical Institute of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain. cristina.alonso@iqac.csic.es.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemicals and Surfactants Technology, Advanced Chemical Institute of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martí
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemicals and Surfactants Technology, Advanced Chemical Institute of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemicals and Surfactants Technology, Advanced Chemical Institute of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carrer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemicals and Surfactants Technology, Advanced Chemical Institute of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemicals and Surfactants Technology, Advanced Chemical Institute of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coderch
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D010539:Permeability; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D000077185:Resveratrol; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010851:Picrates; D013267:Stilbenes; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Antiradical activity; In vitro; In vivo; Percutaneous absorption; Resveratrol