title: Physical and chemical properties of meat from scavenging chickens and helmeted guinea fowls in response to age and sex.
abstract: 1. The effects of age and sex on body weight, carcass traits, physical and chemical properties of breast muscle from chickens and helmeted guinea fowls managed under village free-range conditions were assessed in random samples of 48 guinea fowls and 48 chickens obtained from local markets. 2. Guinea fowls had higher body weight, hot carcass weight, cold dressed weight and breast weight than chickens. 3. Guinea fowls had more dry matter, protein and less fat than chickens. Ash content did not differ between guinea fowls and chickens. Protein and fat increased, whereas dry matter and ash decreased with age (P < 0.05) 4. Chicken meat was lighter, less red and more yellow than guinea fowl meat. Cooking loss was higher in guinea fowls, male and grower birds than chickens, females and adult birds, respectively. Shear force was affected by age, as mature birds had a higher value than growers. 5. Guinea fowl carcasses contained more meat that was leaner, higher in protein and redder compared with chicken meat. As age increased the meat increased in protein and fat content and shear force, whereas colour became darker, redder and yellower.
authors.affiliation: a Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , South Africa.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Musundire
authors.affiliation: b Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture , University of Zimbabwe , Harare , Zimbabwe.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Halimani
authors.affiliation: a Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , South Africa.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chimonyo
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D046094:Galliformes / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Age; breast muscle; carcass quality; chicken; free range; guinea fowl; meat quality; muscle colour