title: Cell viability and hemocompatibility evaluation of a starch-based hydrogel loaded with hydroxyapatite or calcium carbonate for maxillofacial bone regeneration.
abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cell viability and hemocompatibility of starch-based hydrogels for maxillofacial bone regeneration. Seven starch-based hydrogels were prepared: three loaded with 0.5, 1 and 2% calcium carbonate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); three loaded with 2, 3 and 4% hydroxyapatite (Sigma Aldrich); and one not loaded as a control. A 10 M NaOH was then added to induce hydrogel formation. Human osteoblasts were cultured on each hydrogel for 72 h. An MTS assay (Cell Titer96; PROMEGA, Madison, WI, USA) was used to assess cell viability. Hemocompatibility testing was conducted with normal human blood in the following conditions: 100 mg of each hydrogel in contact with 900 µL of whole blood for 15 min at 37 °C under lateral stirring. Higher percentages of cell viability were observed in starch-based hydrogels loaded with hydroxyapatite as compared with the control. The hemolysis test showed a hemolysis level lower than 2%. Activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were unchanged, while platelet counting showed a slight decrease when compared with controls.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Flores-Arriaga
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
authors.forename: Amaury
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Jesús Pozos-Guillén
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
authors.forename: Diana María
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Escobar-García
authors.affiliation: University of Liège, Liège Sart-Tillman, Belgium.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grandfils
authors.affiliation: Universidad Veracruzana, Río Blanco, México. bcerda@uv.mx.
authors.forename: Bernardino Isaac
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Cerda-Cristerna
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008422:Materials Testing; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D013213:Starch; D017886:Durapatite; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: Bone regeneration; Cell viability; Hemocompatibility; Hydrogel; Hydroxyapatite