title: Pathophysiology of Aortic Valve Stenosis: Is It Both Fibrocalcific and Sex Specific?
abstract: Our understanding of the fundamental biology and identification of efficacious therapeutic targets in aortic valve stenosis has lagged far behind the fields of atherosclerosis and heart failure. In this review, we highlight the most clinically relevant problems facing men and women with fibrocalcific aortic valve stenosis, discuss the fundamental biology underlying valve calcification and fibrosis, and identify key molecular points of intersection with sex hormone signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Yoginee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sritharen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enriquez-Sarano
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Hartzell V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Schaff
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.|Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casaclang-Verzosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; miller.jordan@mayo.edu.|Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.|Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and the.|Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Jordan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012737:Sex Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones