title: Venoplasty of a chronic venous occlusion allowing for cardiac device lead placement: A team approach.
abstract: In patients with complete venous occlusion requiring venous access for cardiac device lead placement, venous revascularization is a viable option. A percutaneous approach to venous revascularization has gained popularity. This method reduces patient exposure to more invasive therapies. In this case series, we describe two cases of a total venous occlusion that were successfully revascularized using a "wire externalization" technique. This technique requires the use of antegrade and retrograde access.
authors.affiliation: Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. Electronic address: Mehrdad.Golian@icloud.com.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golian
authors.affiliation: Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: Minh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.affiliation: Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravandi
authors.affiliation: Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: Colette M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Seifer
keywords: Externalization technique; Total venous occlusion; Venoplasty