title: Contaminants in Liquid Organic Fertilizers Used for Agriculture in Japan.
abstract: To provide an overview of anthropogenic contaminants in liquid organic fertilizers (LOFs), products from four biogas plants in Kyushu, Japan, were analyzed for a wide range of contaminants, including copper, cadmium, tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), perfluorooctane sulfonate, 952 semi-volatile organic compounds, and 89 antibiotics. The highest concentrations of copper (31.1 mg/L) and cadmium (0.08 mg/L) were found in LOFs from the Hita biogas plant. Only ofloxacin and sulfapyridine were detected in total 89 antibiotics screened. TBT, DBT, and perfluorooctane sulfonate were present at low concentrations in the LOFs from all four locations. Among the 952 semi-volatile organic compounds, 78 compounds were detected in at least one sample and were present at concentrations between 1.2 and 139.6 mg/L. On the basis of comparisons with previous studies and quality standards for the use of organic fertilizers, the concentrations of contaminants in the studied LOFs indicate that they might be safe for agricultural purposes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.|Department of Coastal Aquaculture, College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Can Tho, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Dao M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Xuchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.|School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environmental Economics, Division of International Agricultural Resource Economics and Business Administration, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuyasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yabe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiwao
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadokami
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimasaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan. yoshima@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshima
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D007564:Japan; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D010944:Plants; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005308:Fertilizers; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D009947:Organotin Compounds; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; D002104:Cadmium; C056189:di-n-butyltin; C011559:tributyltin; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
keywords: Anthropogenic contaminant; Liquid organic fertilizer; Semi-volatile organic compound