library_construction_protocol: Peripheral blood samples from healthy donors, asymptomatic individuals, VL patients during active disease and cured VL patients (180 days after being treated) were collected using BD Vacutainer and PAXgene Blood RNA tubes. Patients diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis (PD0 samples) were treated with AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B) or Glucantime (meglumine antimoniate). After follow up of 180 days, patients that were considered clinically cured (PD180 samples) have composed the cured group.  Total RNA samples were purified with the PAXgene Blood RNA Kit and GLOBINclear-Human kit. Libraries were prepared using a TruSeq Stranded RNA Sample Preparation kit (Illumina) with Poly(A)+ selection.