title: CK
design: As an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), the sludge discharged from wastewater treatment plants is the key intermediate for ARG transport into the environment. Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs) are predatory bacteria that are expected to attack antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, the screened BALOs (C3 & D15) were mixed with the sludge for the optimal reaction time of 16h to achieve the satisfying removal efficiencies of six tet genes, two sul genes, and one mobile genetic element (intl 66).