We studied 38 resected pADC specimens at Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) with heterogeneous PD-L1 expression (n = 8). To characterize the heterogeneity of tumor PD-L1 expression and spatial distribution of IC infiltration in the TME, TMAs were constructed from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks from eight patients with pADC. For each patient, two to four 2-mm-diameter cores containing the following components were arrayed: IC-inflamed area, high tumor PD-L1 expression (IF PDL1H); IC-inflamed area, low tumor PD-L1 expression (IF PDL1L); IC-deficient area, high tumor PD-L1 expression (ID PDL1H); and IC-deficient area, low tumor PD-L1 expression (ID PDL1L). ROIs were placed on 20× fluorescent images scanned using by GeoMx DSP. Oligoes from PanCK+ and PanCK− regions were collected separately via ultraviolet-induced cleavage. The oligoes then were uniquely indexed using the Illumina i5 × i7 dual indexing system (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were purified, and libraries were paired-end sequenced (2 × 75) on a NextSeq550 system (Illumina).