Total RNA was extracted from virus-inoculated and mock-treated plants at 16 dpi with TRIzol and then treated with TURBO Dnase (Thermo Fisher, AM2238). Messager RNA was enriched with Dynabeads™ Oligo(dT)25 (InvitrogenTM, 61005) according to the manufacturer's manual. First strand synthesis was completed with Random primer (Invitrogen™, 48190011), RNaseIn (Invitrogen™, AM2696), SuperScript™ III Reverse Transcriptase (Invitrogen™, 18080044) after fragmentation. Second strand synthesis was conducted with dUTP mixure (20mM dUTP, 10mM dATP, dCTP, and dGTP), RNase H (NEB, M0297), DNA polymerase I (NEB, M0209) and E coli DNA ligase (NEB, M0205). End repair was conducted with NEBNext UltraTM End repair/dA-Tailling Module (NEB, E7442) followed by the adapter ligation with ligation mix and adapter (Illumina, TruSeq Kits, 15026773) according to the manufacturer's manual. Enriched mRNA from 1 μg total RNA was used as starting material and 15 cycles were used to amplify library.