Snap-frozen tumor samples were used for rna isolation. RNA was extracted using the Rneasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Redwood City, CA) after homogenization by beating with 2mm stainless steel beads in Qiagen RLT buffer. RNA-seq libraries were prepared using the Lexogen QuantSeq Rev kit following manufacturer's protocols and sequencing as single-end, 100bp reads on a NextSeq2000 instrument.