Nascent tissue from the suture-bony composite defects implanted with GelMA, CTS, PLA or without scaffold (NC) for 6 weeks were harvested and digested in type 1 collagenase (3.5 mg·mL-1) at 37°C for 1 hour. Flow cytometry was used to isolate Cd45- cells from digested tissue for RNA-seq. The libraries were constructed using VAHTS Universal V6 RNA-seq Library Prep Kit according to the manufacturer's instruction