WGS of Escherichia coli
Genomic DNA was extracted from cells using Genomic Midi AX (A&A Biotechnology) according to the manufacturers instructions. DNA was ethanol-precipitated and resuspended in TE buffer. DNA was separated in agarose gel to assess its high quality (no observed degradation). Samples were diluted to achieve A260/A280 ratio in the range 1.82.0 with concentrations above 10 ng/l. For whole-genome sequencing, paired-end whole-genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on Illumina Sequencing PE150 (Novagene, UK), with read lengths of 150 bp.