design: 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was performed to analyze the microbial community composition in cadmium-contaminated soil samples. The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using the primers 515F/806R. Amplicons were sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform with paired-end reads. Quality control and sequence processing were performed using QIIME2, including demultiplexing, denoising with DADA2, and taxonomic classification against the SILVA 138.1 database. The study focused on evaluating microbial diversity and composition under different cadmium concentrations (0, 10, 30, 60, and 100 mg/kg).