design: Samples were centrifuged, digested with proteinase K and lysozyme, and ground with zirconia beads to break down cell walls. Lysis was achieved using a lysozyme solution, and nucleic acids were extracted with the QIAamp DNA Microbiome Kit, including a negative control. The extracted DNA concentration was measured with the Qubit dsDNA Quantification Assay Kit. Bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS1/2 genes were amplified by PCR using specific primers and conditions on an ABI 2720 thermocycler. Finally, sequencing libraries were prepared using Nanopore Barcode PCR and sequenced on the GridION platform.