design: Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from individual hookworm after allowing the ethanol to evaporate, using the Monarch Genomic DNA Purification Kit (New England Biolabs, Melbourne, Australia). The gDNA from an adult hookworms was used for genome skimming via next-generation sequencing (NGS) on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform, generating 150 bp paired-end reads (Novogene, Singapore).