design: The  transcriptome of a 6th instar non-diapause male larva was extracted with the TRIzol method (Rio et al., 2010) using Thermo Fishers TRIzol Reagent. Cell tissues were flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen and ground using a mortar and pestle; afterwards, the manufacturers recommended protocol was used. Total RNA was quantified with the Qubit RNA HS kit (Thermo Fisher), and purity was assessed with a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher). RNA was considered pure if A60/A280 and A260/A230 absorbance ratios were above 1.8. Total RNA was then sequenced natively (i.e. without the need for reverse transcription of ribosomal RNA depletion) with Oxfords Nanopores direct RNA sequencing procedure (SQK-RNA004) on a R9.4.1 flow cell (FLO-MIN106). Indeed, direct RNA sequencing adapters bind to poly-A tails in 3, thereby selectively binding to eukaryotic messenger RNA (SQK-RNA004).