design: Approximately 16,000-25,000 nuclei per sample were loaded per channel of the Chromium Next GEM Chip for processing on the 10x Chromium Controller (10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA). For multiome scRNA-ATAC-seq, both transposition and cDNA generation, followed by library construction, were performed according to the Chromium Next GEM Single Cell Multiome ATAC + Gene Expression User Guide (Rev F). Libraries were normalized and pooled for sequencing on two NovaSeq SP-100 flow cells (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA).