design: Total RNA was extracted from peppermint leaves with different treatments (CK, 30, and 60 mg/L) using the MJZol Total RNA Extraction Kit (Shanghai Majorbio Bio-Pharm Technology Co., China), and RNA concentration and quality were assessed using a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, USA). mRNA was enriched using oligo(dT)-conjugated magnetic beads. Transcriptome sequencing and library construction were conducted using the Illumina Stranded mRNA Prep, Ligation method. Raw reads were processed using Fastp software (v0.18.0) to remove low-quality sequences. Clean reads were aligned to the reference genome using HiSat2. For qRT-PCR validation, total RNA was extracted using the Fast Pure Plant Total RNA Isolation Kit (RC401, Vazyme, Nanjing, China), and first-strand cDNA was synthesized using the HiScript II 1st Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (R211, Vazyme, Nanjing, China). Quantitative PCR was performed using a Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, USA). The gene MSTRG.14309.2 was used as the internal reference. Each sample was analyzed with four biological replicates. Gene-specific primers used in this study are listed in Supplementary Table