Intestinal and biliary microbiome of the hamster infected with the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini
16S rRNA sequencing was performed by SeqWright (Houston, TX). In brief, the universal primers, 5’-GYAACGAGCGCAACCC (1099F) and 5’-AAGGAGGTGATCCAGCCGCA (1541R) were used to amplify hyper-variable regions (HVR) 7, 8 and 9 of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (Nossa CW et al, 2010). Primers were synthesized and deployed as recommended in the Roche/454 Technical Bulletin, ‘Amplicon Fusion Primer Design Guidelines for GS FLX Titanium Series Lib-A Chemistry’ . Amplicons were purified, pooled, and employed as templates for emulsion PCR (GS Titanium MV emulsion PCR Kit, Lib-A, Roche, Manheim, Germany).  . DNA beads from emulsion PCRs were subjected to 454 pyrosequencing with Titanium reagents (Roche).     Nossa CW, Oberdorf WE, Yang L, Aas JA, Paster BJ, Desantis TZ, Brodie EL, Malamud D, Poles MA, Pei Z. (2010) Design of 16S rRNA gene primers for 454 pyrosequencing of the human foregut microbiome. World Journal of Gastroenterology 16, 4135-4144.