methane emission from rice paddy soils
This study investigated the bacterial communities in rice paddies subjected to different     fertilizer types, namely swine manure, straw biochar, and straw compost, all mixed with     inorganic fertilizer under 2 flooding conditions (continuous or alternate wetting and     drying). The impacts of different fertilizer types on methane emission from rice stalks were     analysed through the analysis of the species abundance and bacterial community structure.     The microbial composition of these samples was evaluated by Illumina MiSeq shortgun     sequencing of 16S rRNA library (V4 region, 253 bp) amplified using universal 16S primers     (Forward primer: 5’- GTGTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3’, Revert primer: 5’-     CCGGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3’). Unique molecular identifier (MID) tags and linkers were     incorporated at the 5’ end of both target-specific primers to allow identification of     individual sequences from pooled amplicons.  Total DNA was extracted from 25 mg paddy soil using MOBIO Power Soil DNA isolation kit (MO     BIO Laboratories Inc., CA USA). PCR was carried out in triplicate using Maxime PCR PreMix     Kit (iNtRON Biotechnology Inc., Korea). Amplicons were extracted from agarose gel using the     AccuPrep Gel Purification kit (Bioneer Inc., Korea). All obtained DNA was quantified using     Qubit (Invitrogen, CA, USA), and equimolar purified amplicons were pooled, ligated adapters     for Illumina MiSeq sequencing according to MiSeq protocols (Illumina Inc., USA).
Jeju National University
methane