GSM6287530: rad52 48h DNA; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; OTHER
All cells were grown in YPD media (2% peptone, 1% yeast extract, 2% glucose) at 30°C with shaking at 200 rpm. Media components were purchased from Formedium and media was sterilised by filtration. MEP experiments were performed as described with modifications (Cruz et al., 2018): cells were inoculated in 4 ml YPx (where x is the sugar) and grown for 6-8 hours then diluted in 25 ml YPD and grown for 16-18 hours to 0.2-0.6x107 cells/ml in 50 ml Erlenmeyer flasks. 0.125x107 cells per aged culture were harvested by centrifugation (15 s at 13,000 g), washed twice with 125 µl PBS and re-suspended in 125 µl of PBS containing ~3 mg/ml Biotin-NHS (Pierce 10538723). Cells were incubated for 30 min on a wheel at room temperature, washed once with 125 µl PBS and re-suspended in 125 µl YPD then inoculated in 125 ml YPD at 1x104 cells/ml in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask (FisherBrand FB33132) sealed with Parafilm. 1 µM β-estradiol (from stock of 1 mM Sigma E2758 in ethanol) was added after 2 hours. An additional 0.125x107 cells were harvested from the log phase culture while biotin labelling reactions were incubating at room temperature. Cells were harvested by centrifugation for 1 min, 4600 rpm, immediately fixed by resuspension in 70% ethanol and stored at -80°C. Percoll gradients (1-2 per sample depending on harvest density) were formed by vortexing 1 ml Percoll (Sigma P1644) with 110 µl 10x PBS in 2 ml tubes and centrifuging 15 min at 15,000 g, 4 °C. Ethanol fixed cells were defrosted and washed once with 1 volume of cold PBSE (PBS + 2 mM EDTA) before resuspension in ~100 µl cold PBSE per gradient and layering on top of the pre-formed gradients. Gradients were centrifuged for 4 min at 2,000 g, 4 °C, then the upper phase and brown layer of cell debris removed and discarded. 1 ml PBSE was added, mixed by inversion and centrifuged 1 min at 2,000 g, 4 °C to pellet the cells, which were then re-suspended in 1 ml PBSE per time point (re-uniting samples where split across two gradients). 25 µl Streptavidin microbeads (Miltenyi Biotech 1010007) were added and cells incubated for 5 min on a wheel at room temperature. Meanwhile, 1 LS column per sample (Miltenyi Biotech 1050236) was loaded on a QuadroMACS magnet and equilibrated with cold PBSE in 4 °C room. Cells were loaded on columns and allowed to flow through under gravity, washed with 1 ml cold PBSE and eluted with 1 ml PBSE using plunger. Cells were re-loaded on the same columns after re-equilibration with ~500 µl PBSE, washed and re-eluted, and this process repeated for a total of three successive purifications. After addition of Triton X-100 to 0.01% to aid pelleting, cells were split into 2 fractions in 1.5 ml tubes, pelleted 30 s at 20,000 g, 4 °C, frozen on N2 and stored at -70 °C. Cells were resuspended in 60 µl PFGE wash buffer (10 mM Tris HCl pH 7.5, 50 mM EDTA) with 1 µl lyticase (17 U/ µl in 10 mM KPO4 pH 7, 50% glycerol, Merck >2000 U/mg L2524), heated to 50°C for 2 min before addition of 40 µl molten CleanCut agarose (Bio-Rad 1703594), vortexing vigorously for 5 s before pipetting in plug mould (Bio-Rad 1703713) and solidifying 15-30 min at 4°C. Each plug was transferred to a 2 ml tube containing 500 µl PFGE wash buffer with 10 µl 17 U/µl lyticase and incubated 3 hours at 37°C. Solution was replaced with 500 µl PK buffer (100 mM EDTA pH 8, 0.2% sodium deoxycholate, 1% sodium N-lauroyl sarcosine, 1 mg/ml Proteinase K) and incubated overnight at 50°C. Plugs were washed four times with 1 ml TE for 1-2 hours at room temperature with rocking, 10 mM PMSF was added to the second and third washes from 100 mM stock (Merck 93482). ½ plugs were equilibrated for 15 min with 1 ml agarase buffer (10 mM Bis-Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA pH 6.5), then the supernatant removed and 50 µl agarase buffer added. Plugs were melted for 20 min at 65°C, transferred for 5 min to a heating block pre-heated to 42°C, 1 µl β-agarase (NEB M0392S) was added and mixed by flicking without allowing sample to cool, and incubation continued at 42°C for 1 h. DNA was ethanol precipitated with 25 µl 10 M NH4OAc, 1 µl GlycoBlue, 330 µl of ethanol and resuspended in 130 µl 0.1x TE. DNA was fragmented in an AFA microTUBE (Covaris 520045) in a Covaris E220 duty factor 10, PIP 175, Cycles 200, Temp 11°C, then ethanol precipitated. 10 ng DNA was used to prepare libraries using the NEBNext Ultra II DNA kit (NEB E7645S) as described with modifications: Reagent volumes for tailing and adaptor ligation were reduced by 75%; libraries were amplified for 9 cycles using 2 µl each primer per 50 µl reaction before two rounds of AMPure bead purification at 0.9x and elution in 11 µl 0.1x TE prior to quality control using a Bioanalyzer HS DNA ChIP (Agilent) and quantification using a KAPA Library Quantification Kit (Roche).