Bulk RNA was collected using TriZol (Invitrogen; Carlsbad, CA) and kept at -80°C before extraction. Briefly, chloroform was incubated with TriZol samples for 10 min on ice. Samples were centrifuged at 12,000 rcf for 15 min at 4°C. Clear liquid phase was transferred to new tube with isopropanol and incubated for 10 min at room temperature. Precipitate was pelleted with centrifugation at 12,000 rcf for 10 min at 4°C. Pellet was washed with cold 75% EtOH followed by 100% EtOH before removing liquid and drying at room temperature for 20 min. Dry pellet was dissolved in 20uL nuclease-free water. Stranded RNA-Seq