Residue microbiotas exposed to natural environment
The total DNA of all samples (including initial waste materials, residue samples, and larval gut samples) was extracted using the DNeasy PowerSoil Kit (PowerSoil, QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturers instructions. Once extracted, the DNA sample was tested by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. We used the general bacterial primer pair 515F (5-ACTCCTACG GGAGGCAGCAG-3) and 806R (5-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3) to amplify the V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. PCR was used to amplify the intact DNA samples and then the PCR products were detected by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. Use the AxyPrep DNA Gel Extraction Kit (AXYGEN Co. Ltd.) to isolate the PCR products. Illumina Novaseq PE250 platform was selected for double-end sequencing with an average of 50,075 raw reads. The raw data of high-through sequencing were available at the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database under the accession.