16S of inoculum
Total genomic DNA was extracted from the initial inoculum (O) using the PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit (Qiagen). The quality and quantity of the DNA were determined using a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific). The 16S rRNA gene from 7 samples was amplified using Oxford Nanopores 16S Barcoding Kit 1-24, with universal primers 27F and 1492R, followed by adaptor ligation using the NEBNext Quick Ligation Module.