For the sgRNA plasmid library, the plasmid was used as the template. In the transformation of the library into E. coli WM3064, the extracted plasmid was used as the template. Similarly, for the Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 library, the extracted plasmid was employed as the template. For screening experiments, plasmids extracted from biological replicates of both pre-selection samples and post-selection samples were used as templates. DNA fragments containing sgRNA sequences were amplified via PCR.