To simultaneously isolate RNA and DNA from soil samples, the PowerSoil total RNA kit (Qiagen) and PowerSoil DNA elution kit (Qiagen) was used following the manufacturer's recommendations with minor modifications. Briefly, 3 g of soil were used as an initial sample, and the mechanical lysis was performed with a mixture of glass beads and bead solution that was processed for three pulses of 30 s at 6 m/s in a FastPrep-24 (MP Biomedicals). Library preparation and shotgun metagenomic sequencing were performed using the Illumina NovaSeq 2  250 bp platform at Molecular Research LP (Mr. DNA Lab), following the manufacturer's guidelines.