Tissues/Cells were homogenized in TRIzol and chloroform was used for phase separation. The aqueous phase, containing total RNA, was purified using MagMAX™-96 for Microarrays Total RNA Isolation Kit (Ambion by Life Technologies) according to manufacturer's specifications. Genomic DNA was removed using RNase-Free DNase Set (Qiagen) on the Kingfisher Flex machine (Thermofisher). The strand-specific RNA-seq libraries were prepared from 500 ng RNA using KAPA stranded mRNA-Seq Kit (KAPA Biosystems). The libraries were amplified by twelve-cycle PCR. Sequencing was performed on Illumina HiSeq®2000 (Illumina) by multiplexed single-read run with 33 cycles.