Metagenomic sequencing of planktonic diatom community from river water collected in November 2021 from Hainan island, China. IMPORTANT: Raw multiplexed sequence data were demultiplexed and split by individual sample barcode (index) to generate separate, independent data files for each sample. Each row represents one unique sample with its own individual sequence files. Library preparation and paired-end sequencing were performed using Illumina platform.