Total RNA was extracted using the TRIzol reagent and further purified with the NEB Monarch® RNA Cleanup Kit (T2040L, NEB). 100 ng of high-quality RNA (A260/280 ~2.0 ± 0.1) was used to generate strand-specific libraries using the NEBNext® Ultra™ II Directional RNA Library Prep Kit (E7765S, NEB), which enriches for poly-A mRNA and incorporates the dUTP method for strand specificity.