Cells were sorted based on the surface staining of CD154+CD137- for TconCM+ cells and CD137+CD154- for TregCM+ cells and RNA was extracted using SMART-Seq® v4 Ultra® Low Input RNA Kit for Sequencing based on manufacturer's instructions. Isolated RNA was used to create double-stranded cDNA fragments using SMARTer® Pico PCR cDNA Synthesis Kit (Takara) according to the manufacturer's protocol. SeqAmp DNA Polymerase (Takara) was used to amplify purified first-strand cDNA into RNA-seq libraries based on the manufacturer's instructions. Nextera XT Index Kit v2 (Illumina, USA) was used for library indexing.