T2DM
Stool specimens were collected from healthy controls and T2DM patients to analyze gut microbiome profiles, which were elucidated through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Initially, DNA was isolated from fecal samples using DNeasy PowerSoil kit, followed the assessment of amplicon quality via gel electrophoresis. The generation of the amplicon sequence variant (ASV) abundance table was performed using DADA2, employing the default parameters of set forth in QIIME2. Subsequently, all representative sequences were annotated and subjected to BLAST analysis against the Silva database (Version 138) using the q2-feature-classifier