The effect of rume fluid transplantation on sheep muscle growth performance: a comprehensive evaluation of histology, transcriptomics and metabolomics
This study aims to explore the effect of Rumen Microbiota Transplantation (RMT) on the growth and development of the longest muscle of the back of mother Tibetan sheep. Histological analysis found that the transplant group (LDT) showed significant weight gain and better muscle fibre structure (significant increase in length, width and density) compared with the control group (LDC). Transcriptomics analysis identified 515 differentially expressed genes, of which 419 were down-regulated, and KEGG pathways related to muscle development, such as cell adhesion and PI3K-Akt signalling pathways, were down-regulated; metabolomics further revealed that lipid metabolites MG(0:0/19:0/0:0) and EFN A5, COL11A1 and SKAP1 form a synergistic regulatory network, which together play a pivotal role in muscle growth, structural integrity and immune regulation. This study provides a new perspective for revealing the molecular mechanism of rumen fluid transplantation affecting muscle growth and development, but the technology is effective in improving muscle growth and meat quality. There is uncertainty, and it still needs to be studied in depth in the future.