Transcriptome analysis of PDAC cells induced primary cilia and control
Primary cilia (PC) are non-motile cellular structure extending from the apical membrane of epithelial cells. They are central hubs for numerous signalling pathways implicated in various biological processes and are significantly decreased in various tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, research on PC in oncology is limited, and the roles of their absence and presence in cancer cells are poorly understood. We analysed the effect of the induction of primary cilia in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells by RNA sequencing.Total RNA was extracted from control (n=6) and primary cilia induced (n=6) PDAC cells.A mechanistic study indicated that inversin, a protein located in PC, increased the expression and secretion of IL-1a by regulating the noncanonical Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway (Wnt/PCP). In conclusion, our study revealed the specific mechanism by which PC promote cell metastasis of tumor through IL-1a, highlighting the need for further investigation of PC as a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Overall design: We selected four PDAC cell lines derived from human pancreatic duct cells and induced them to grow primary cilia (PC) through serum starvation. These cilia were labeled red rods using acetylated a-tubulin antibody. Statistically, different cells were found to have varying degrees of PC increase after induction (48 h serum starvation). Under normal culture conditions, PC was present in 7%, 6.5%, 5%, and 11% of the CFPAC-1, CAPAN-1, BxPC-3, and PANC-1 cell lines, respectively. The frequency increased to 39%, 18%, 78%, and 64% after cilia induction. To explore the function of PC during tumorigenesis and development, we performed RNA-seq on CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3 cells induced PC.