Grapevine Virome of the Don Ampelographic Collection in Russia Has Concealed Five Novel Viruses
In this study, we performed an analysis of the virome of 51 grapevine plants from the Don Ampelographic Collection named after Ya. I. Potapenko (Russia) using high-throughput se-quencing of the total RNA. A total of 20 previously described grapevine viruses and 4 viroids were identified. The most widespread were grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (98%), hop stunt viroid (98%), grapevine Pinot gris virus (96%), grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (94%), and grapevine fleck virus (GFkV, 80%). Among the economically significant viruses, the most widespread were grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (37%), grapevine virus A (24%), and grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (16%). For the first time in Russia, we detected grape-vine-associated tymo-like virus (78%). After a bioinformatics analysis, 123 complete or nearly complete viral genomes and 64 complete viroid genomes were assembled. An analysis of phy-logenetic relationships with existing global isolates was performed. We discovered and charac-terized the genomes of five novel grapevine viruses: bipartite dsRNA grapevine alphapartitivirus (genus Alphapartitivirus, family Partitiviridae), bipartite (+) ssRNA grapevine secovirus (genus Fa-bavirus, family Secoviridae) and three (+) ssRNA grapevine umbra-like viruses 2, -3, -4 (which oc-cupy an intermediate position between representatives of the genus Umbravirus and umbravi-rus-like associated RNAs).