A hominoid-specific signaling axis setting the tempo of synaptic maturation
Compared to that of other mammals, human cortical neurons exhibit higher dendritic complexity and synaptic density, and the maturation process is much protracted. However, the molecular mechanism governing these specific features is unclear. Here, we report that the hominoid-specific gene TBC1D3, a core duplicon in the human genome, promotes dendritic arborization and maintains the slow pace of synaptogenesis. Furthermore, to gain insights into the mechanism by which the TBC1D3-MICAL1-ATRX complex determines the slow pace of spinogenesis, we conducted chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiment using an ATRX antibody targeting the C-terminal region in cultured mouse cortical neurons. Overall design: Contol neurons (DIV14), TBC1D3 neurons (DIV14),  M1 neurons (DIV14), and young neurons were conducted ChIP-seq experiment using an ATRX antibody.