Development of an orally bioavailable CDK12/13 degrader and induction of synthetic lethality with AKT pathway inhibition [bulk]
Cyclin-dependent kinases 12 and 13 (CDK12 and CDK13) play pivotal roles in orchestrating transcription elongation, DNA damage response, and maintenance of genomic stability. Aberrant CDK12 expression, homozygous loss, and mutations have been documented in various malignancies. Previous studies have demonstrated CDK12 and 13 are promising therapeutic targets in cancer. In this study, we developed a selective CDK12/13 PROTAC degrader YJ9069, which in a panel of cancer cell lines, affirm its effectiveness in inhibiting cell proliferation in subsets of cancer. CDK12/13 degradation rapidly triggers gene-length dependent transcriptional elongation defects, leading to DNA damage and cell cycle arrest. In vivo, YJ9069 significantly suppresses tumor growth in prostate cancer cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Modifications of YJ9069 yielded a first-in-class orally bioavailable CDK12/13 degrader, YJ1206, which exhibits a comparable efficacy with significantly less toxicity. To identify pathways that may be synthetically lethal upon CDK12/13 degradation, we screened phosphorylation pathway arrays employing cell lines treated with YJ1206.  Interestingly, degradation or genetic knock-down of CDK12/13, led to activation of the Akt pathway. Degradation of CDK12/13 with YJ1206, combined with AKT pathway inhibition with uprosertib, led to a striking synthetic lethal effect in pre-clinical models of prostate cancer.  Taken together, these studies demonstrate that combination CDK12/13 and AKT pathway antagonism induces drug-drug synthetic lethality. Overall design: The experimental design involved the treatment of VCaP cells with YJ9069 at a concentration of 500 nM for 12 hours, followed by RNA sequencing analysis.