Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Subtypes in the Exacerbation of Periodontal Tissue Healing Responses due to Diabetes
Background: This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the healing response in the periodontal tissue exacerbated by diabetes. Materials and Methods: Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) and control Zucker lean (ZL) rats underwent experimental periodontitis by ligating the mandibular second molars for one week. Bone resorption was assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) before, immediately after, and 1 d after ligature removal. The gingiva at the ligated sites was harvested 1 d after ligature removal, and gene expression was comprehensively analyzed using RNA-seq. mRNA expression and immunohistochemistry were evaluated for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Furthermore, the corresponding gene expression was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction in the healthy and periodontally involved gingiva of patients with and without type-2 diabetes (T2D) after non-surgical periodontal therapy.