Effect of bile acids on intestinal bacteria
As an endogenous substance in the human body, bile acids have been known to play an important role in the composition and growth of intestinal bacteria. However, there is still much to be discovered regarding which bacteria are affected by bile acids and the mechanisms of action involved. In this study, we have investigated the effects of bile acids on the composition of intestinal bacteria in both in vivo and in vitro settings, and have found that different bacterial strains display varying levels of sensitivity to bile acids. Moreover, we have determined that bacteria with a strong ability to accumulate bile acids are more susceptible to their effects. Using transcriptome sequencing, we have discovered that deoxycholic acid (DCA) can significantly alter ribosomal transcription and amino acid metabolism. This finding was further supported by targeted detection of amino acids, which demonstrated that bile acids have a significant impact on amino acid metabolism in both in vivo and in vitro settings. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which bile acids can affect the growth and composition of different bacterial strains, and suggest that these effects are mediated through changes in ribosome and amino acid metabolism resulting from the accumulation of bile acids in intestinal bacteria. These findings are highly relevant to understanding the role of bile acids in maintaining the gut microbiota and could have important implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for various gut-related disorders.