Akkermansia muciniphila
Akkermansia muciniphila is a gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, oval-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium. This bacterium is unique for its ability to degrade mucin, a glycoprotein component of the mucus layer that lines the gut. By doing so, Akkermansia muciniphila helps to strengthen the gut barrier, modulate immune responses, and maintain the integrity of the gut lining. Studies have shown that higher levels of Akkermansia muciniphila are associated with improved metabolic health, reduced inflammation, and a lower risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Additionally, it has been investigated for its potential in modulating gut microbiota composition and enhancing the efficacy of certain treatments, such as immunotherapy in cancer. As a result, Akkermansia muciniphila is considered a promising candidate for developing probiotics aimed at promoting gut health and preventing metabolic disorders.