Invasive Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococcus) infection with toxic shock-like syndrome; A nonpregnant fatal case report and review of the literature.
Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus; GBS) is a gram-positive coccus, which has been recognized as an emerging infection in nonpregnant adults, especially neonates or 65 years or older it can cause death. Streptococcus agalactiae is a part of the normal microbiota found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of healthy women. GBS causes a maternal-fetal vertical transmission during pregnancy and post-partum through vagina, and can cause a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations from mild to severe infections in nonpregnant adults. Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSS) is an acute illness caused mainly by exotoxin-producing strains of organism, and can cause death. We reported a fatal case of STSS induced GBS and investigated the virulence genes using whole genome sequencing (WGS).