PIP4K2C inhibition reverses autophagic flux impairment induced by SARS-CoV-2
In search for broad-spectrum antivirals, we discovered a small molecule inhibitor, RMC-113, that potently suppresses the replication of multiple RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2 in human lung organoids. We demonstrated selective dual inhibition of the lipid kinases PIP4K2C and PIKfyve by RMC-113 and target engagement by its clickable analog. Advanced lipidomics revealed alteration of SARS-CoV-2-induced phosphoinositide signature by RMC-113 and linked its antiviral effect with functional PIP4K2C and PIKfyve inhibition. We discovered PIP4K2C's roles in SARS-CoV-2 entry, RNA replication, and assembly/egress, validating it as a druggable antiviral target. Integrating proteomics, single-cell transcriptomics, and functional assays revealed that PIP4K2C regulates virus-induced impairment of autophagic flux. Reversing this autophagic flux impairment via promoting degradation of viral protein is a mechanism of antiviral action of RMC-113. These findings reveal virus-induced autophagy regulation via PIP4K2C, an understudied kinase, and propose dual inhibition of PIP4K2C and PIKfyve as a candidate strategy to combat emerging viruses. Overall design: Adult lung organoid (ALOs) were infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus (MOI=1) fand treated with RMC-113 compound or DMSO for 4 h or 24 h. Uninfected ALOs were treated with RMC-113 and DMSO for 4h and 24 h.