(p)ppGpp imposes graded transcriptional changes to impair motility and promote antibiotic tolerance in biofilms
Transcriptomic analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 in liquid minimal medium with serine hydroxamate. Overall design: Liquid cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in exponential growth phase (OD 0.5) were treated with increasing concentrations of serine hydroxamate (SHX) for 30 minutes to induce elevated cellular levels of (p)ppGpp. Experiment was performed in three biological replicates.