Effects of dietary postbiotic on growth performance hematological parameters and liver transcriptome of calves
This study aimed to investigate the effect of postbiotic from dead cell Lactobacillus ingluviei CR37 on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and liver transcriptional response of calves. Fourteen Holstein bull calves were assigned to 2 treatment groups: CON (n = 7) or DCLI (n = 7, fed 1 g/d of dead cell Lactobacillus ingluviei CR37 strain, containing 108 CFU/g). Calves received milk replacer (MR) at 1.75% of BW (based on air-dry weight) and the amount was adjusted weekly according to body weight, while fresh and clean water was provided ad libitum. All calves had free access to starter starting on day 33. On day 82, the MR solution was reduced to 50% of the previous week's allocation, and calves were completely weaned by day 89. Liver samples were collected after slaughter on day 90. Transcriptome analysis identified 33 DEGs, including 16 upregulated DEGs such as Endothelial lipase (LIPG), Peroxisomal Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), Solute carrier family 27 member 6 (SLC27A6), and 17 downregulated DEGs such as Family with sequence similarity 107 member A (FAM107A), 4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase 1 (HOGA1), Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis identified 11 significant pathways, including the PPAR signaling pathway and Pentose phosphate pathway. Taken together, postbiotic supplementation demonstrated potential benefits in improving lipid metabolism and mitigating oxidative stress in weaning calves. Overall design: Fourteen Holstein bull calves were assigned to 2 treatment groups: CON (n = 7) or DCLI (n = 7, fed 1 g/d of dead cell Lactobacillus ingluviei CR37 strain, containing 108 CFU/g). Calves received milk replacer (MR) at 1.75% of BW (based on air-dry weight) and the amount was adjusted weekly according to body weight, while fresh and clean water was provided ad libitum. All calves had free access to starter starting on day 33. On day 82, the MR solution was reduced to 50% of the previous week's allocation, and calves were completely weaned by day 89. Liver samples were collected after slaughter on day 90.