Mus musculus Genome sequencing and assembly
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune condition marked by progressive damage to joint integrity. While standard treatments such as NSAIDs and biologics are widely used, their efficacy is often compromised by adverse effects and high costs, highlighting the need for complementary approaches. Emerging research underscores the role of gut microbiome disturbances in RA development, linking dysbiosis to systemic inflammation and immune dysfunction. This investigation explores the therapeutic potential of the probiotic strain Weizmannia coagulans NCU-33 in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis. Results demonstrate that NCU-33 administration not only markedly reduced joint swelling and histological damage but also directly mitigated inflammation by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappaB and Notch signaling cascades. Furthermore, the probiotic intervention promoted immune homeostasis and induced significant, beneficial restructuring of the gut microbial community, as revealed by 16S rRNA analysis. Our findings collectively suggest that W. coagulans NCU-33 alleviates RA pathology through combined immunomodulatory actions and microbiome restoration, positioning it as a promising candidate for novel adjunct therapy against RA.