We report the first identification in Romania of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST383 co-producing NDM-5 and OXA-48 carbapenemases, detected in a tertiary-care hospital between July 2023 and May 2025. Our study offers a detailed phenotypic and genomic characterization of an emerging Klebsiella pneumoniae lineage and highlights its epidemiological relevance in a national setting marked by a high burden of NDM/OXA-48-like carbapenemase-producing strains.
We report the first identification in Romania of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp) ST383 co-producing NDM-5 and OXA-48-like. Among 101 CRKp isolates (July 2023–May 2025), ST383 accounted for 34% overall and 58.6% of NDM/OXA-48-like producers. Whole-genome sequencing revealed mosaic IncFIB–IncHI1B plasmids and chromosomal integration of resistance genes. The emergence of ST383 indicates an emerging high-risk clone, underscoring the need for enhanced genomic surveillance.