Phylogenetic study of the genus Iris throughout the Northern Hemisphere using complete chloroplast genomes
The genus Iris is widely distributed across the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and is renowned for its high ornamental value. It exhibits remarkable morphological diversity, with different clades demonstrating distinct geographical distribution patterns. However, the evolutionary mechanisms underlying this correlation between its complex morphology and biogeography remain poorly understood.  In this study, we employed low-coverage whole-genome sequencing to assemble and annotate the complete chloroplast genomes of multiple Iris species spanning its major phylogenetic lineages. Using this comprehensive genomic dataset, we aim to reconstruct a robust phylogenetic framework for the genus. This will allow us to investigate key aspects of its evolutionary history, specifically: 1) the evolutionary trajectories of its diverse morphological characters, and 2) the biogeographical history that has shaped its complex distribution patterns across the Northern Hemisphere. Our research will provide profound insights into the evolutionary dynamics of the genus Iris. The findings are expected to elucidate how evolutionary forces have driven diversification and range expansion in this ecologically and horticulturally significant plant group.