Whole genome resequencing of an F1 population ('Italia' x 'Tamina') in grapevine (Vitis vinifera)
This study aims to dissect the genetic architecture underlying monoterpene biosynthesis, which is crucial for the muscat flavor and quality of table grapes. By performing whole-genome resequencing of 176 F1 hybrid progeny derived from a cross between the Eurasian grapevine cultivars 'Italia' and 'Tamina', we sought to construct a high-density genetic variation map and conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers significantly associated with 26 distinct monoterpene traits. The primary goal is to pinpoint key candidate genes involved in the grape monoterpene synthesis pathway, particularly transcription factors that regulate the expression of backbone and synthase genes. The significance of this research lies in its potential to unravel the complex polygenic inheritance patterns of monoterpenes, which are often influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The identification of functional SNPs and candidate genes, such as VvHYH and its target genes VvDXS4, VvTPS32, and VvTPS35, provides a molecular basis for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in grape breeding. Ultimately, this work will facilitate the development of new grapevine varieties with enhanced and stable muscat flavors, thereby improving fruit quality and consumer preference.