An advanced nitrogen removal system coupling partial nitritation, anammox, denitrification and oxygen-permeable hollow-fibre membranes for precise oxygen regulation
The application of one-stage partial nitrification (PN)/anammox systems is constrained by precise dissolved oxygen (DO) regulation and suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. In this study, an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor integrated with oxygen-permeable hollow-fibre membranes was developed, in which the membranes served solely as a controllable oxygen supply.