Gray wolves associated with humans in prehistoric Scandinavia
Whole-genome shotgun sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from two canid remains recovered from the Stora Förvar cave on the Stora Karlsö island off the coast of Gotland, in the Baltic Sea. The remains are from the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. Illumina libraries were constructed using the Meyer and Kircher 2010 double-stranded library protocol. The libraries were treated with Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG). Paired-end sequencing was performed, and read pairs were merged and trimmed for adaptor sequences using SeqPrep (https://github.com/jstjohn/SeqPrep), discarding read pairs that could not be merged. The merged, adaptor-trimmed reads are archived under "Read Files". Additionally, read alignments to the canFam3.1 reference genome are provided under "Analysis Files". Unfortunately, the unmapped reads for the G.7 sample were lost, so that the FASTQ read file contains the same reads as the analysis BAM file. Despite the anthropogenic context on a small island in the Baltic Sea, population genetic analyses of the data show that both individuals were wolves, not dogs.