High Grade Sinonasal Carcinoma Immune Transcriptome
The skull base is the location of a wide variety of malignant tumors. Among them is sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), a highly aggressive sinonasal neoplasm that was recently reclassified into subgroups of high-grade carcinomas with unique genomic events (e.g., SMARC-deficient carcinoma, nuclear protein in testis NUT carcinoma). Other high-grade carcinomas in this location are neuroendocrine carcinomas, sinonasal adenocarcinomas, and teratocarcinosarcomas. Given the rarity of these tumors, little transcriptomic data is available. The aim of this study was to characterize the immune-oncology gene expression profile in SNUC and other high-grade sinonasal carcinomas.Next-generation sequencing was performed in 30 high-grade sinonasal carcinoma samples using the HTG EdgeSeq Precision Immuno-Oncology Panel. Ingenuity pathway analysis was performed to understand the immunobiology, signaling, and functional perturbations during tumor development.This immune-oncology gene expression analysis of 3 groups of high-grade sinonasal carcinoma with emphasis on SNUC identified a number of differentially expressed transcripts reflecting effects on tumorigenesis. Identification of immune pathways should be further investigated for possible integration of immunotherapy into a multidisciplinary approach to these cancers and personalized treatment.