Getlini municipal landfill samples
Landfill leachate is considered as an important point source for pollutants, posing a potential threat to the ecosystem by affecting natural resources such as surface and ground waters. Leachate is highly variable and heterogeneous. Our study was focused on the characterization of the landfill leachates derived from the young (YDS) and matured (MDS) dumpsites in terms of abundance of antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, microbial community structure and ecotoxicity. Leachates from YDS and MDS differed in chemical composition. Among the broad spectrum of persistent micropollutants, the especial attention was paid to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), due to their accumulation in the environment, wildlife and humans. The concentration of PFASs was found to be higher in MDS comparing with YDS, i.e., 13.19 and 7.16 ?g/L, respectively. The metagenomics sequencing analysis showed distinct differences in the abundance of Arcobacter genus in YDS and MDS, i.e., 9.36 % and 0.57%, respectively. This genus of bacteria is associated with sewage infrastructure and has recently been discovered to be correlated with some AMR genes.  The release behavior and environmental loads of micropollution from landfills can pose a threat to non-target organisms of different trophic levels including bacteria, algae, plants, invertebrates, and fish.