Microbiome analysis or oral, throat and stool samples of pediatric PANDAS patients and healthy controls
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms known to be influenced by immune dysregulation. Emerging evidence highlights the role of intestinal microbiome in modulating neuro-immune functions via gut-brain axis signaling, but its role in PANDAS as a disease modulator remains unclear.