Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL-16 fermented Astragali Radix (W16) promotes the bone growth of juvenile rats via modulation of IGF-1 and gut microbiota
Short stature in children causes physical and psychological issues. Human growth hormone (hGH) is clinically recommended but has side effects (e.g., insulin resistance). Probiotics and functional foods are promising alternatives. Astragali Radix (a newly approved food in China) has growth-promoting potential, and fermentation may enhance its bioactivity.