Vineyard soil bacterial communities from the hyper-arid Atacama Desert and contrasting climatic regions
Bacterial communities associated with vineyard soils were characterized across a broad precipitation gradient encompassing contrasting climatic regions, including the hyper-arid Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama Desert (Chile). Soil samples were collected from cultivated Vitis vinifera vineyards and subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing targeting the V4 region. Paired-end sequencing was performed on an Illumina platform, and reads were processed using a DADA2-based pipeline for amplicon sequence variant (ASV) inference and taxonomic classification. The dataset was generated to evaluate the role of long-term precipitation regimes as drivers of bacterial community structure in viticultural systems and to identify taxa associated with extreme aridity. These data support comparative analyses of vineyard-associated microbiomes across climatic gradients and contribute to understanding microbial responses to chronic water limitation in agricultural soils.