oral microbiome
Oral microbiota is vital for human health and can be affected by various factors (i.e. diets, nationality). However, few studies have compared oral microbiota of individuals from different nationalities in the same environment. Here, we explored the assembly and interaction of oral microbial communities between Chinese and Pakistanis in one university. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the predominant microorganisms in the oral cavity of Chinese and Pakistanis. In addition, the oral community memberships and structure were not influenced by season, nationality and gender, reflecting the stability of the human oral microbiome. However, the alpha and beta diversity of oral microbiomes between Chinese and Pakistanis significantly differed in winter, but not in spring. Moreover, oral microbial community was mainly driven by stochasticity, independently of season and nationality. The network of Chinese was more complexity and stability than that of Pakistanis. After gathering 215 samples including human oral, gut and skin samples from Chinese and Pakistanis through a meta-analysis, the human microbiome was clustered by body locations. The unique biomarker genera in oral were composed of Kingella, Porphyromonas, Rothia, Acctinobacillus, Eikenella, Lautropia and Capnocytophaga. Additionally, the microbial similarity between the oral and skin was higher than that of the gut. Our study uncovers the characteristics of human oral microbiota, which is of great significance for human health.