16S rDNA sequencing of mixed bacterial samples with different degradation rates of DON
Vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), is a fungal toxin primarily produced by the genus Fusarium and widely found in contaminated cereals, cereal products, and feeds, posing a serious threat to the edible safety of cereals and their products. Excessive intake of deoxynivalenol can severely jeopardize the health of humans and animals, making the detoxification research of deoxynivalenol a current research hotspot. This study aims to degrade deoxynivalenol using biological methods and detect its concentration through ELISA. By combining microbial 16S rDNA diversity sequencing, we selectively isolated and screened deoxynivalenol-degrading bacteria from the cecal contents of chickens, which are the least sensitive to deoxynivalenol, and conducted in-depth exploration of their characteristics. Apparent identification of the strains was conducted through morphological identification, Gram staining, and molecular biological identification methods, and their probiotic functions were further explored through whole-genome sequencing. We investigated their growth characteristics, stress resistance, and inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacteria. The degradation pathway was determined by measuring the degradation rate of DON by different components of the strains. Finally, in vitro cellular experiments were conducted to explore the effects of co-culture of degradation bacteria and DON on IPEC-J2 cell proliferation, intestinal tight junctions, host defense peptides, and the expression of inflammation-related genes and proteins. This research lays the foundation for the development of efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly microecological preparations for DON detoxification.