Mouse Testicular Organoids Data
Testicular organoids are crucial for the study of spermatogenesis and male infertility. However, a testicular organoid culture system that supports the proper recapitulation of in vivo testicular architectures and functions, especially the generation of functional haploid germ cells, is currently lacking. In this study, we developed a formation-differentiation stage-culture method to successfully establish an optimized testicular organoid (O-Orgs), which could form tubule-like structures and resemble the spermatogenesis process. Remarkably, the round spermatids derived from O-Orgs were capable of stably and efficiently producing fertile mice, with the live-birth rate was comparable to in vivo. More importantly, long-term culture to yield fertile spermatids and persistent spermatid production could be achieved in O-Orgs. Specifically, we showed that not only the spermatogenesis but also the niche in O-Orgs is superior to that in organoids cultured in traditional tissue culture medium (T-Orgs). Further analysis revealed that the formation stage-culture induces a more conducive extracellular matrix (ECM), which promote the formation of fine tubule-like structures that may benefit the subsequent spermatogenesis. In addition, we showed that O-Orgs replicate cytotoxic treatment and drug response. Collectively, our study provides a new promising strategy for optimizing testicular organoids and a platform for modeling testis development and infertility disease.