The effect of forest fire smoke deposition on root transcriptome
The impact of forest fire smoke deposition on root transcriptome is an important research field, especially in climate change and forest ecosystem management. The smoke generated by forest fires contains various chemicals such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter, which can affect the microenvironment of soil and plant roots through sedimentation. Toxic substances in smoke can cause oxidative stress reactions in plant root cells, leading to increased expression of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase and superoxide dismutase to cope with damage from free radicals and other oxidants. In addition, certain components in smoke may inhibit the normal growth and development of roots, affecting the length, weight, and branching of roots. These changes may be reflected in gene expression related to cell division and elongation.Smoke deposition may alter the chemical properties of soil, thereby affecting the absorption of nutrients by plant roots. For example, the acidic components in flue gas may cause a decrease in soil pH, affecting the absorption of cations such as calcium and magnesium by roots. Plants may perceive and respond to environmental changes caused by smoke deposition through specific signaling pathways, such as activating the MAPK signaling pathway and regulating gene expression related to stress response. Smoke deposition may cause changes in secondary metabolites in plant roots, which are typically associated with plant defense mechanisms. For example, certain chemicals in smoke may induce roots to produce more phenolic compounds and flavonoids to resist external stress.Smoke deposition may regulate gene expression in roots through epigenetic mechanisms, enabling plants to adapt to new environmental conditions. Studying the impact of forest fire smoke deposition on root transcriptome can help us understand how plants cope with extreme environmental stresses and how forestry management can mitigate the negative effects of these stresses on forest ecosystems.