Randomized controlled trial of TUDCA supplementation in people with progressive multiple sclerosis
54 people with progressive multiple sclerosis were recruited at one center (Johns Hopkins Hospital - Outpatient MS clinic) and were randomized 1:1 to receive TUDCA (2g daily) or placebo for a total duration of 16 weeks. Participants were followed with serial clinical and laboratory assessments. Primary outcomes were safety and tolerability of TUDCA, and exploratory outcomes included changes in clinical, laboratory and gut microbiome parameters.