Characterization of genes enhancing hoof strength to withstand barefoot racing in Standardbred trotters
Racing without protective shoes is a standard practice in Swedish harness racing, known to enhance horses' track performance. Trainers decide whether a horse competes barefoot based on experience rather than objective criteria. However, this practice can sometimes cause significant hoof damage, raising concerns about animal welfare. Analyzing gene expression differences can help reveal genetic mechanisms related to various phenotypic traits. To identify potential objective indicators for barefoot racing suitability, we conducted a polyA-selected RNA-seq analysis on the growth zone at the coronary band of horse hooves. The study compared tissues from Standardbred trotters that successfully raced barefoot in multiple events without injury (n=11) and those that could not (n=7). By combining detailed racing records with trainer interviews, we aimed to uncover the biological factors contributing to hoof strength for barefoot racing by identifying differentially expressed genes.