Evaluation of cell-free DNA as a predictive indicator of clinical response to treatment and survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing
This project encompasses low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS) data of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) generated from a pilot prospective study conducted at Chulabhorn Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Plasma cfDNA was collected from 33 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving either EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs; n = 18) or conventional chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy (n = 15), as well as from 10 healthy individuals serving as a reference cohort. Blood samples were collected at three longitudinal time points per patient: at diagnosis, week 4, and week 12 following treatment initiation, yielding 99 patient samples and 10 control samples in total.The primary objectives of this dataset are to characterize longitudinal dynamics of lcWGS-derived cfDNA features -- including ctDNA fraction, genome-wide copy number alteration profiles, short-to-long fragment ratio, and ctDNA estimation score -- across treatment time points, and to evaluate their utility in predicting treatment response and progression-free survival across both therapeutic contexts. This dataset supports the findings reported in the associated publication in BMC Precision Medicine and is intended to facilitate reproducibility and further investigation of liquid biopsy-based monitoring in NSCLC.