TTFV Microbiota
TTFV intervention effectively alleviates high-fat diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice. Compared to the high-fat diet group, the low-fat diet group exhibited significantly elevated community richness indices. The high-fat diet induced microbial imbalance, with the high-fat diet group showing marked separation from the normal diet group. Conversely, the gut microbiota structures of both the low-fat and low-sugar diet groups resembled those of the normal diet group. This indicates that TTFV intervention can restore gut microbiota composition. The phylum Bacillales is associated with improved lipid metabolism disorders and hepatic steatosis; as a key polysaccharide-degrading phylum, TTFV increases the abundance of the phyla Thermodesulfovibrionales and Bacteroidetes while reducing the abundance of the phylum Pseudomonadales. Although the high-fat diet elevated the abundance of the Bacillales phylum, TTFV reduced its relative proportion to the Bacteroidetes phylum. Furthermore, TTFV enriched multiple beneficial bacterial groups, including the Spirochaetales (Vibrionaceae) and Eubacteriales, while decreasing the abundance of the Erythromonadales, which is associated with lipid metabolism disorders and inflammation (typically induced by a high-fat diet).