Comparative Efficacy of Oral and Cloacal Administration of Probiotics and Postbiotics against Campylobacter in Broiler Chickens
This study evaluated the impact of different probiotic preparations administered through oral and cloacal routes on Campylobacter colonization and gut microbiome dynamics in broiler chickens. Birds received weekly treatments of probiotic supernatant, whole culture, or isolated cells, beginning at hatch. At two weeks of age, all groups were challenged with Campylobacter jejuni to assess probiotic-mediated protection. Cecal samples were collected at five weeks of rearing age to characterize gut microbial composition.