Single cell transcriptomics of vomeronasal neuroepithelium reveals a differential endoplasmic reticulum environment amongst neuronal subtypes
Specialized chemosensory signals elicit innate social behaviors in individuals of several vertebrate species, a process that is thought to be mediated via the accessory olfactory system (AOS). The AOS comprising the peripheral sensory vomeronasal organ (VNO) has evolved elaborate molecular and cellular mechanisms to detect chemo signals. To gain insight into the cell types, developmental gene expression patterns and functional differences amongst neurons, we performed single cell transcriptomics of the mouse vomeronasal sensory epithelium. Our analysis reveals diverse cell types with gene expression patterns specific to each. Pseudo-time developmental analysis indicates that neurons originating from common progenitors diverge in their gene expression during maturation with transient and persistent transcription factor expression at critical branch points. Comparative analysis across two of the major neuronal subtypes that express divergent GPCR families and the G-protein subunits Gnai2 or Gnao1, reveals significantly higher expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associated genes within Gnao1 neurons. We also specific combinatorial expression pattern of V2R and H2-Mv genes in Gnao1 neurons. These gene expression patterns, along with differential localization of ER chaperones and structural proteins indicate fundamental differences in ER function associated with neuronal differentiation. Overall design: Vomeronasal organ from male and female C57BL/6J animals was dissected and processed separately. The neuroepithelium was separated and single cell dissociation was performed. The dissociated suspension was used for single cell RNA sequencing on 10X genomics platform