EM
Microbiome associated with apical periodontitis (AP) is widely diverse. Dissemination of microbiome from different sources could lead to upregulation of specific inflammatory markers increasing the inflammatory burden. It has been previously shown that AP is associated with elevated inflammatory markers levels. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the microbiome associated with saliva, intracanal and blood samples in subjects with AP along with gloves worn by the operating dentist. Saliva, intracanal, and blood and glove samples were collected from patients with AP undergoing root canal retreatment. DNA extraction was done for all sample sources using different protocols. High-throughput sequencing of the V1-V2 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was done using Illumina MiSeq 300 platform. The most prevalent genera in saliva samples were Streptococcus and Prevotella; in intracanal samples were Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Bacteroidaceae_(G-1); and in blood samples were Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus and in pre-operative gloves samples were Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.