fungus metagenome
Acrophialophora yunnanensis strain GZUIFR 22.409 was isolated from soil samples collected in Xishuangbanna Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China (N 21*40', E 101*50'). The holotype dried specimen is preserved under accession number HMAS 352280, and the ex-type culture is deposited as CGMCC 3.24168 = GZUIFR 22.409. GenBank accession numbers are as follows: OP454348 (ITS), OP547312 (tub2), OP454375 (LSU), and OP880246 (RPB2).Micromorphology: Hyphae are hyaline to brown, smooth or rough-walled, septate, measuring 1-4.5 um in width. Conidiophores are absent or sometimes reduced to conidiogenous cells; phialides are solitary, usually arising laterally from hyphae, with a swollen base tapering to a distinct neck, conical or forming a slender and short neck, measuring 4.5-20 x 2-2.5 um. Conidia are single-celled, formed in basipetal chains, long and branched, smooth-walled, fusiform to ellipsoidal or elongate-ellipsoidal, measuring 3.5-8 x 1.5-4 um.Cultural characteristics: After 7 days of incubation at 35 degrees C on PDA, colonies reached 35-40 mm in diameter, with irregular margins, flat, dense, and fluffy texture, appearing light gray; reverse shows dark pigmentation in the center transitioning to golden olive and light yellow toward the edge. On OA after 7 days at 35 degrees C, colonies attained 65-68 mm in diameter, exhibiting dark brown to white coloration with white floccose aerial mycelium; reverse is dark to white.Phylogenetically, the strain is most closely related to A. rhombica. However, the two species can be distinguished by sequence divergence (98.6% ITS similarity and 98.3% RPB2 similarity) and morphological differences: A. rhombica produces subrhomboid conidia and possesses hyaline smooth-walled hyphae, whereas A. yunnanensis occasionally exhibits brown and rough-walled hyphae.Enzymatic assays revealed exceptionally high activity of beta-glucosidase (18,419 U/L) and endoglucanase (6,212 U/L), along with significant production of lignin-modifying enzymes. This study aims to genomically characterize its efficient lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system and evaluate its biotechnological potential. The genomic data confirm A. yunnanensis GZUIFR 22.409 as a promising candidate for applications in lignocellulose degradation.