GSE193562
Severe stunting symptoms upon nepovirus infection are reminiscent of a chronic hypersensitive-like response in grapevine
Purpose and strategy: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) causes variable symptoms in most vineyards worldwide. To better understand GFLV-grapevine interactions in relation to symptom development, field and greenhouse trials were conducted with a grapevine genotype that exhibits distinct symptoms in response to a severe and a mild strain of GFLV. Results: After validation of the infection status of the experimental vines by high throughput sequencing, the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles in plants infected with the two viral strains were tested and compared by RNA-Seq and LC-MS, respectively, in the differentiating grapevine genotype. In vines infected with the severe GFLV strain, 1,023 genes, among which some are implicated in the regulation of the hypersensitive-type response, were specifically de-regulated, and a higher accumulation of resveratrol and phytohormones was observed. Interestingly, some experimental vines restricted the virus to the rootstock and remained symptom-less. Our results suggest that GFLV induces a strain- and cultivar-specific defense reaction similar to a hypersensitive reaction. This type of defense leads to a severe stunting phenotype in some grapevines whereas others are resistant. This work is the first evidence of a hypersensitive-like reaction in grapevine during virus infection. Conclusion: Our results suggest that GFLV induces a strain- and cultivar-specific defense reaction similar to a hypersensitive reaction. This type of defense leads to a severe stunting phenotype in some grapevines whereas others are resistant. This work is the first evidence of a hypersensitive-like reaction in grapevine during virus infection. Overall design: Comparison between infected and non-infected grapevines. Trial composed of 9 grapevine, 3 biological replicates per condition as following: Gw-Control plants (#B31, #B34 and #C51), infected plants Gw-B844 (#B52, #B53, and #C38) and Gw-F13 (#B47, #C39 and #C40).