XTBG: Moraceae
Comparative Genomics of Moraceae
Ficus microcarpa and F. altissima (both subg. Urostigma) are large, monoecious hemi-epiphytes, while F. tinctoria (subg. Sycidium) and F. fistulosa (subg, Sycomorus) are small dioecious shrubs.  F. tinctoria is highly variable in growth form, with one subspecies a true epiphyte.  These four species are widespread, generally found throughout the Asian tropics and sub-tropics.
The Moraceae includes thirty-five genera but two genera (Ficus and Artocarpus) are the most ecologically predominant in tropical Asia.  Figs (Ficus) have long been identified as 'keystone' species in tropical forest ecosystems, as they provide food to a wide range of frugivores throughout the year and help maintain animal populations in disturbed habitats.  Figs also possess a complex co-evolutionary relationship with their pollinators, the highly specialized fig-pollinator wasps.  Additionally, figs possess two main sexual systems : “monoecy” where unisexual flowers of both sexes are found within the same synconium, and “dioecy” where unisexual flowers of only one sex are found on different plants.  These sexual systems should impose substantially different dynamics on population level gene flow, particularly in relation to effective population size.