GSE124386
RNA-Seq analysis sheds light on the breakdown of Tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in pepper at high temperature
The Tsw gene conferring Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance in Capsicum chinense breaks down at high temperatures. Here, we performed RNA-Seq analysis under different temperature conditions to uncover the resistance breakdown mechanism using TSWV-resistant C. chinense 'PI152225' and susceptible 'Habanero'. RNA-Seq analysis  revealed only a few differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 1 dpi but 2,096 and 551 DEGs between plants at 25°C and 30°C at 5 dpi. At 5 dpi, there were more upregulated than downregulated DEGs at both temperatures. Gene ontology analysis revealed 30 enriched biological process terms and nine molecular function terms that were enriched among upregulated DEGs at 25°C. We performed KEGG analysis with 805 upregulated DEGs at both temperatures to explore the mechanism underlying resistance breakdown at high temperature.  The DEGs were mapped into 10 KEGG pathways. ACC oxidase genes in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway were differentially expressed upon pathogen challenge. Most DEGs from the biological process, molecular function, and cellular components categories involved in resistance responses were downregulated at 30°C. Finally, genes involved in abscisic acid-mediated stress signaling were differentially expressed at high temperature. These results shed light on host–virus interactions and temperature-dependent resistance mechanisms in pepper at the molecular level. Overall design: mRNA profiles of 1 and 5 dpi mock- and TSWV-inoculated C. chinense 'PI152225' at 25? and 30? were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate (except 1dpi mock-inoculated at 25?), using Illumina HiSeq 2500 system.