GSE162636
Transcriptomic responses induced in muscle and adipose tissues of growing pigs by intravenous infusion of sodium butyrate
Butyrate has a central function in the regulation of energy metabolism as a metabolite of bacterial fermentation. However, information on the direct impact of butyrate on peripheral organs or tissues is very limited, especially for muscle and adipose tissues. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of intravenous sodium butyrate (SB) administration on the transcriptome of muscle and adipose tissue of pigs. Twelve crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Large White, 60 days of age) were fitted with a medical polyethylene cannula via internal jugular vein and were daily infused with 10 ml SB (200 mmol/l) or the same volume of physiological saline. After a 7-day experimental period, all pigs were slaughtered, and the longissimus dorsi muscle and dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected for holistic transcriptomic analysis. In muscle tissue, the expression of 12 oxidative phosphorylation related genes and seven glycolysis related genes were downregulated. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and stearyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) were significantly upregulated by SB treatment. This indicates a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation and glucose catabolism, and an increase in fat synthesis. In adipose tissue, the expressions of seven oxidative phosphorylation-related genes were downregulated, while nine glucose metabolism related genes were upregulated. Moreover, the mRNA expressions of FASN and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR?) were upregulated, while fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 (ACSL1) were downregulated in the SB group. This indicates a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation and an increase in glucose metabolism and fat synthesis. The results suggest that short-term intravenous SB infusion can modulate muscle and adipose tissue metabolism at the transcriptional level by decreasing both oxidative phosphorylation and fat synthesis. In addition, intravenous SB decreases the glucose catabolism in muscle tissue and increases the glucose catabolism in adipose tissue. This suggests that systemic butyrate may display discriminative metabolic regulation in different tissues of barrows. Overall design: Twelve crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Large White, 60 days of age) were fitted with a medical polyethylene cannula via internal jugular vein and were daily infused with 10 ml SB (200 mmol/l) or the same volume of physiological saline. After a 7-day experimental period, all pigs were slaughtered, and the longissimus dorsi muscle and dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected for holistic transcriptomic analysis.