GSE98110
Exosome-mediated direct conversion of human fibroblasts into neural progenitor-like cells [MBD-seq]
Exosome, a kind of extracellular vesicles, has been introduced as a vehicle for horizontal transferring of genetic material. We induced autologous exosome containing a cocktail of reprogramming factors ('reprosome') to convert fibroblasts into neural progenitor cells (NPC). The fibroblasts were sonicated and subsequently cultured in NSC media for 1 day to induce release of reprosomes composed of reprogramming factors associated to chromatin remodeling and neural lineage-specific factors. After treated with reprosomes, fibroblasts were converted into NPCs (rNPC) with great efficiency via activation of chromatin remodeling, as fast as it required only five days for formation of 1,500 spheroids showing NPC-like phenotype. The rNPCs maintained self-renewal and proliferative properties for several weeks and successfully differentiated into neuron, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte, in vitro and in vivo. Reprosome-mediated cellular reprogramming is simple, safe, and efficient, thus providing a new paradigm for clinical application that requires autologous stem cells. Overall design: DNA methlylation profiles of exosome (reprosome) treated cells (rNPC) and, control cells were HDF cells and hNSC cells