Genetic variation of Omphalodes scorpioides populations
Omphalodes scorpioides (HAENKE) SCHRANK (Boraginaceae, syn. Memoremea scorpioides (Haenke) A.Otero et al.) is a diploid (2n=2x=24) therophyte that typically inhabits moist forests and shady thickets. The distribution of O. scorpioides spans from central Russia to central Europe. In central Europe, it is rare and probably not native in most locations, having been introduced from Poland and Hungary. Within Germany, nowadays, it occurs only in Bavaria and central Germany and is considered very rare, classified as 'critically endangered'. Central Germany marks the western edge of its range, where its populations have declined dramatically over the past 200 years. After visiting 15 sites in the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, where the species was historically recorded, we collected leaf samples in 8 still existing local populations in 2022/2023. DNA was extracted using the NucleoSpin Plant II Kit (Macherey-Nagel). To generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, we employed the double-digest (EcoRI/MspI) RAD sequencing (ddRAD) method originally introduced by Peterson et al. (2012), following the implementation detailed in Durka et al. (2025, 10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.004). A total of 181 individual samples were sequenced, resulting in a total of 9.181E+08 raw reads, i.e. on average 5.072 Mio reads per sample. SNP and sample filtering was carried out identically as in Durka et al. (2025), starting with an initial number of 250,496 SNPs on 13,888 contigs and applying, among others, a minor allele frequency of 0.05 and retaining a single SNP per contig. The final dataset contained 621 biallelic SNP loci, with an overall missing data rate of 6.16% across 167 retained samples. Here, sequence data of 181 samples are uploaded.
Omphalodes scorpioides (HAENKE) SCHRANK (Boraginaceae, syn. Memoremea scorpioides (Haenke) A.Otero et al.) is a diploid (2n=2x=24) therophyte that typically inhabits moist forests and shady thickets. The distribution of O. scorpioides spans from central Russia to central Europe. In central Europe, it is rare and probably not native in most locations, having been introduced from Poland and Hungary. Within Germany, nowadays, it occurs only in Bavaria and central Germany and is considered very rare, classified as 'critically endangered'. Central Germany marks the western edge of its range, where its populations have declined dramatically over the past 200 years. After visiting 15 sites in the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, where the species was historically recorded, we collected leaf samples in 8 still existing local populations in 2022/2023. DNA was extracted using the NucleoSpin Plant II Kit (Macherey-Nagel). To generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, we employed the double-digest (EcoRI/MspI) RAD sequencing (ddRAD) method originally introduced by Peterson et al. (2012), following the implementation detailed in Durka et al. (2025, 10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.004). A total of 181 individual samples were sequenced, resulting in a total of 9.181E+08 raw reads, i.e. on average 5.072 Mio reads per sample. SNP and sample filtering was carried out identically as in Durka et al. (2025), starting with an initial number of 250,496 SNPs on 13,888 contigs and applying, among others, a minor allele frequency of 0.05 and retaining a single SNP per contig. The final dataset contained 621 biallelic SNP loci, with an overall missing data rate of 6.16% across 167 retained samples. Here, sequence data of 181 samples are uploaded.
HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH - UFZ.