16S rRNA sequencing of microbial communities in biofilms attached to volcanic stone filler
Biofilm samples were collected from volcanic stone fillers used in a bioreactor system. The V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq platform to investigate the bacterial diversity, community structure, and potential functional roles of the biofilm microbiota. This study aims to provide insights into the application of volcanic stone as a biofilm carrier in wastewater treatment and environmental bioremediation.