Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-H Activates UHRF1 to Promote Stemness, EMT, and Metabolic Reprogramming While Remodeling the SPP1+ Macrophage-Associated Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Hepatocellular
Background: Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV)-H activation has been implicated in several malignancies; however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with epigenetic regulation, tumor-cell plasticity, metabolic-state changes, and immune remodeling remain incompletely defined