Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus treated with cynaroside
This study investigates the antibacterial mechanisms of cynaroside, a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Turpinia arguta leaves, against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Gram-negative). Cynaroside showed MIC values of 31.25 ug/mL against S. aureus and 62.5 ug/mL against V. parahaemolyticus, and disrupted bacterial cell envelope integrity. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics revealed species-specific pathway perturbations: pyrimidine and histidine metabolism in S. aureus (with pyrC as a hub gene), and glyoxylate/dicarboxylate metabolism and BCAA degradation in V. parahaemolyticus (with fdh3B as a hub gene). These findings provide mechanistic insights into the species-selective antibacterial activity of cynaroside. Raw sequencing and metabolomics data are available for public access.