Feline_sinonasal_carcinoma_WES
Sinonasal tumours (SNTs) are a group of neoplasms originating in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In dogs, SNTs make up approximately 1% of all cancers, predominantly occur in the nasal cavity and the most common type is carcinoma. They are generally seen in older dogs (between 10-15 years of age) and some breeds are at higher risk for development of SNTs (Airedale terrier, Basset hound, Old English sheepdog, Scottish terrier, Collie, Shetland sheepdog, and German shorthair pointer).   In cats, SNTs are generally rarer, however, they are also found in older animals (mean ~10 years of age). Typically, lymphoma is the most common tumour type, followed by carcinomas. In both species, SNTs are invariably  malignant, and are often only detected at an advanced stage. They are locally aggressive tumours with the potential for metastasis. Treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, however the location can make treatment difficult, and recurrence is an issue. As such they are typically associated with poor survival.   Sadly, there have been no genetic investigations into the genetics underlying canine and feline SNTs, and apart from a predisposition observed in some dog breeds, virtually nothing is known about its aetiology. These is anecdotal evidence to suggest dolichocephalic breeds are more affected than brachycephalic breeds and it has been suggested that environmental factors may increase the risk of SNTs in dogs [1]. Interestingly, human exposures to various mutagens and irritants have been linked to development of SNTs in humans, and recent study found mutational signatures in the sinonasal adenocarcinomas of tobacco smokers and individuals exposed to hardwood dust.    To generate a comprehensive mutational profile of the oncogenomic landscape of  sinonasal carcinoma in companion animals, we propose to whole-exome sequence (WES) tumour-germline pairs of canine and feline patients with sinonasal carcinoma.
Sinonasal tumours (SNTs) are a group of neoplasms originating in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In dogs, SNTs make up approximately 1% of all cancers, predominantly occur in the nasal cavity and the most common type is carcinoma. They are generally seen in older dogs (between 10-15 years of age) and some breeds are at higher risk for development of SNTs (Airedale terrier, Basset hound, Old English sheepdog, Scottish terrier, Collie, Shetland sheepdog, and German shorthair pointer).  In cats, SNTs are generally rarer, however, they are also found in older animals (mean ~10 years of age). Typically, lymphoma is the most common tumour type, followed by carcinomas. In both species, SNTs are invariably  malignant, and are often only detected at an advanced stage. They are locally aggressive tumours with the potential for metastasis. Treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, however the location can make treatment difficult, and recurrence is an issue. As such they are typically associated with poor survival.  Sadly, there have been no genetic investigations into the genetics underlying canine and feline SNTs, and apart from a predisposition observed in some dog breeds, virtually nothing is known about its aetiology. These is anecdotal evidence to suggest dolichocephalic breeds are more affected than brachycephalic breeds and it has been suggested that environmental factors may increase the risk of SNTs in dogs [1]. Interestingly, human exposures to various mutagens and irritants have been linked to development of SNTs in humans, and recent study found mutational signatures in the sinonasal adenocarcinomas of tobacco smokers and individuals exposed to hardwood dust.    To generate a comprehensive mutational profile of the oncogenomic landscape of  sinonasal carcinoma in companion animals, we propose to whole-exome sequence (WES) tumour-germline pairs of canine and feline patients with sinonasal carcinoma.